© 2013 R. O’Connell & A. Cook 1 2013-07-28

A Short Biography of James Clarke Greenacre

Robert O’Connell and Anthony Cook

Early Years: 1914-1934

James Clarke Greenacre was born to Ada and Edger

Greenacre on January 9, 1914 in Fort Collins, Colorado. They

lived on the 20,000 acre Greenacre Ranch near the small town

of Livermore north of Fort Collins for the first several years of

his life. (Private communication, Greenacre’s eldest son,

James E. Greenacre, Jr., 2010).3 (See Figure 1). In 1917 his

father and uncle sold the ranch and in November 1918

Greenacre and his parents moved to a small two-story

residential house in Fort Collins4 (See Figure 2).

Greenacre met his

future wife, Doris

June Brollier (1916 –

2001) while they

were attending Fort

Collins High School.5

(See Figures 3 and 4).

On weekends he

worked as a ranch

hand for the new

owners of the former

Greenacre Ranch

using horse-drawn

equipment as tractors were scarce at that time.6

Having been influenced by his father’s keen interest in

anthropology, when time allowed he roamed the prairies of

northern Colorado searching for Indian artifacts. This

fascination motivated his pursuit of a degree in anthropology

which eventually led to his first career as an archeologist.7

Anthropology/Archeology: 1934 -1942

In September 1934, Greenacre enrolled as a freshman at

Colorado A&M8 in Fort Collins to pursue a degree in

anthropology.9 He worked the weekend 4 PM to 2 AM shift at

a local hamburger shop to make ends meet and in the morning,

after polishing his shoes with hamburger grease, arrived

promptly at 8:30 AM for ROTC where he was a Calvary

platoon captain.10

At the end of his sophomore year, in the fall

of 1936, he transferred to the University of New Mexico

(UNM) in Albuquerque because of its reputation for

archeological research.11

At UNM he joined the excavation

crew at the Sandia Cave archeological site north of

Albuquerque and worked on excavations at the Chaco Canyon

in northwestern New Mexico.12

In 1937 he was elected

president of the Tiwa Archeological Association.13

At night he

washed dishes in a saloon and on Saturday nights, now being

As the lead lunar observer and USAF spokesman for ‘The 1963 Aristarchus Events’1, relatively little

information has been published about James Clarke Greenacre. In this web-based supplement to

‘Revisiting The 1963 Aristarchus Events’2, we provide additional information on Greenacre’s personal life

and careers. This supplement available for download at: www.the1963aristarchusevents.com

Figure 1. Greenacre Ranch near Livermore, Colorado. (U.S.

Geological Survey Photographic Library).

Figure 2. Greenacre residence at 120

W. Magnolia St. downtown Fort

Collins. (Courtesy Fort Collins

Historical Preservation Office).

Figure 3. Greenacre high

school photo. (Courtesy Fort

Collins Local History Archive).

Figure 4. Greenacre and

Doris Brollier in 1932 at the

Fort Collins High School.

(Courtesy Fort Collins Local

History Archive).

© 2013 R. O’Connell & A. Cook 2 2013-07-28

over 21, tended bar. Initially he lived with two other students

in a basement apartment with no bathroom but soon found

better living arrangements.14

His archeological training accelerated in the summer of

1937 at the age of 23 on return

home to Fort Collins for summer

break when Smithsonian

Institution archeologist Dr. Frank

H. H. Roberts, Jr. approached

Greenacre to join the excavation

team at the Lindenmeier

archeological site 25 miles north

of Fort Collins.15

Greenacre was

one of several young

archeologists selected to work

the site over two summers (1937-

1938).16

He recalled excavating

artifacts for Roberts, “. . . inch-

by-inch (with a toothbrush and a

grapefruit)17

accounting for

every flake of material . . .

accuracy was a must . . . Roberts

was really picky about keeping

our walls perfectly vertical . . .

this was necessary in order to

keep the stratification of the site

intact, which was important for

determining age and origin of

artifacts found within the site.”18

(See Figures 5 and 6).

By the Fall of 1938 he had

earned more than enough credits

for a degree in anthropology but

was unable to graduate. Despite

the fact he had been accepted at

UNM and his grades from A&M

were good, it was not until his

arrival to the UNM campus in

1936 that he was informed by the

Registrar’s Office that 32 credit

hours would not transfer which

put him back a full academic year.19

Despite this situation, he

decided to remain at UNM in a race against time and money

maintaining a better then required “B” average.20

But

employment during the Recession of 1937–1938 was elusive

and he eventually found himself “dead broke.”21

He later

recalled he was looking for any option and had even

considered a degree in geodesy having earned 40 credit hours

in astronomy coursework.22

But he could not put together the

proper mix of credits and so was forced to drop out of the

UNM during what should have been his senior year without a

degree.23

Years later he humorously reflected on this

unfortunate confluence of

circumstances stating “So I’m

just no good.”24

At this point Dr. Roberts and

archeologist-friend C.T.R.

Bohannon interceded on

Greenacre’s behalf helping him

to secure employment in the

department of Anthropology at

the University of Kentucky

(UK), Lexington.25

UK was

using federally financed Works

Progress Administration (WPA)

funds to excavate several

significant archeological sites

across Kentucky and Greenacre

accepted a full-time position as

the University’s Archeological

Supervisor of Field Excavations

for $150 a month.26

After

receiving a substantial $30 a-

month-raise, he sent for his

fiancée Doris back in Colorado

and they were married on May

30, 1938.27

Greenacre supervised

excavations at the Carlson Annis

Mound in Butler County; C&O

Twin Mounds in Johnson

County; Adena Culture site

(Hooton Hollow) in Menifee

County and the Roach Site in

western Kentucky.28

He also

prepared reconnaissance surveys

of the area now covered by the

Kentucky Dam and Lake.29

It was

toward the end of his work in

Kentucky that Greenacre’s

daughter, Sabra, was born in 1941. Greenacre refined his

cartographic techniques as well as his documentation and

photographic skills as supervisor of these sites during this six-

year period.30

(See Figure 7).

Figure 6. Crew members of the 1938 field season excavating a bone

bed at the Lindenmeier site. (Image: Smithsonian Institution).

Figure 5. Greenacre kneeling far left at the Lindenmeier site in 1937.

(Image: Wilmsen E. N. & Roberts, F. H. H., Jr., 'Lindenmeier, 1934-

1974: Concluding Report on Investigations', Smithsonian

Contributions to Anthropology, 1978).

© 2013 R. O’Connell & A. Cook 3 2013-07-28

In 1988 the University of Kentucky’s Museum of

Anthropology and the Kentucky Heritage Council flew

Greenacre and his wife out from Ft. Collins to accept an award

in recognition of his “significant role in the development of

Kentucky archaeology during the New Deal era”.31

J. E.

Greenacre, Jr. recalled “I believe his reputation in

documenting, mapping and photographing sites was why the

U.S. Army Map Service would later pursue my father for war

related cartographic work. He quickly moved from a field

archeologist to a high security-clearance position at the

Pentagon.” (Private communication 2010).

U.S. Army Map Service: 1942-1945

At the age of 28, Greenacre transitioned from archeology into

military cartography just as WPA funds were drying up, he

was again “flat broke” and America was at war.32

While

Greenacre never harbored a desire for a military career, in

May 1942 the U.S. Army Map Service (AMS)33

“persuaded”

him to accept a civil servant position becoming manager of

cartographic field offices and starting first in Louisville,

Kentucky.34

Once in this position he quickly realized, “. . .

the Army was desperate for map makers to update its

antiquated stock.”35

One of the first things he did was travel

to Washington, D.C. to research what maps currently existed

in the Department of Defense archives for war planning in the

European theater of war. To his dismay he found “. . . the

newest maps of France dated to the days of Napoleon. No

wonder we weren't prepared for invasion.” 36

Greenacre would manage AMS field stations in Louisville

Kentucky as well as in Cincinnati and Cleveland Ohio.37

One

mapping staff of 300 he supervised was producing, “. . .

detailed maps of France and North Africa for advancing

Allied troops” and in Cincinnati he supervised a staff of 140

draftsmen who were producing military maps of Greece.38

Later in 1944 Greenacre was assigned high-security clearance,

transferred to the Pentagon and appointed chief geographer of

the Geographic Names Branch of the AMS.39

Here he worked

with an international team of analysts who were translating

captured foreign charts in six languages and preparing D-Day

invasion routes.40

(Private communication, J. E. Greenacre, Jr.,

2011). Greenacre later recalled during that time: "A lot of the

stuff I did went from my office to the White House . . .” 41

U. S. Board on Geographic Names:

1945-1951

At the end of the war the family remained in Washington D.C.

where Greenacre accepted a civil servant position as the

Army’s representative to the U.S. Board on Geographic

Names (BGN).42

The BGN is a Federal agency created in

1890 to maintain uniform geographic name usage throughout

the Federal Government. During World War II the BGN

mandate expanded to include foreign geographic names.43

U.S. Geological Survey: 1951-1957

In 1951 chronic sinus issues made it difficult for him to

tolerate the humid Washington D.C. climate and the family

moved to drier Denver, Colorado based on advice from

Greenacre’s doctor. Here he worked on topographical maps of

the Northwestern United States at the U.S. Geological

Survey’s field office.44

He also worked as a cartographer for a

private engineering company and during this time his sons

James and Timothy were born.45

The family’s stay in Denver

was short-lived however as congenital health issues affecting

5-year-old Jim, Jr. would force the family to move once

again.46

(Private communications, J. E. Greenacre, Jr., 2011).

Figure 7. Images by J. Greenacre, March 28, 1938. (top) Johnson

County, KY. C & O Mounds. View of center sections of mound.

(bottom) Johnson County, KY. C & O Mounds. WPA/TVA (Image

Archive, Univ of Tennessee Libraries, Knoxville, TN).

© 2013 R. O’Connell & A. Cook 4 2013-07-28

U.S.A.F. Aeronautical Chart and

Information Center: 1957-1973

In 1957 the Greenacre family moved to St. Louis, Missouri to

be in close proximity to an endocrinologist who specialized in

the treatment of his son Jim’s adrenal hyperplasia. (Private

communication, J. E. Greenacre, Jr., 2010). Greenacre quickly

secured employment as a terrestrial military cartographer with

the U.S. Air Force Aeronautical Chart and Information

Center’s (ACIC) national headquarters initially managing map

production in the Information Section47

and later advancing to

classified work in the Research Division (Private

communication, J. E. Greenacre, Jr., 2011). It was at the ACIC

in 1961 where Greenacre was drawn into his third and final

career becoming a U.S. Air Force lunar cartographer-observer

for NASA’s Project Apollo at Lowell Observatory in

Flagstaff, Arizona. (See Figure 8).

Two years into this position Greenacre would witness his

first transient lunar phenomena (TLP) episode on October 30,

1963 (UT) with fellow cartographer-observer Edward M Barr.

Greenacre was reportedly “dumbfounded”48

on this night when

the first two reddish TLP suddenly began to form and brighten

20 minutes into his observing run obscuring the lunar surface

below them and both manifesting small white points of light

streaming outward in a “downward motion” over the lunar

topography.49

Greenacre, obviously caught off guard by the

TLP, later lamented that “After it’s all over, you feel kind of

stupid of course, to think of all the things you could have been

doing but didn’t.”50

On November 28, 1963 he would witness

a second TLP episode again with Barr as well as with ACIC

scientific illustrator Fred Dungan and Lowell Observatory

Director John S. Hall.51

James E. Greenacre, Jr. recalled

during family breakfast on the Saturday morning following the

November event, “My father was kind of in awe as to what he

had witnessed.” (Private communication 2011). These were

the only two times TLP were ever reported by observers

associated with the USAF Moon-mapping program.52

Details

on these TLP observations were published, with approval of

the USAF in: the December 1963 Sky and Telescope

Magazine53

, in the proceedings of a symposium on lunar

geological problems in May

1964 at the New York Academy

of Sciences54

, in a May 1964

USAF report, Lunar Color

Phenomena55

, and in the

Autumn of 1965, he presented a

paper, “Red Spots, Recent

Observations” at a National

Academy of Sciences to a lunar

symposium at the Jet Propulsion

Laboratory, California Institute

of Technology, Pasadena,

California.56

Greenacre remained with

the ACIC Lowell lunar-

mapping program for eight

years eventually becoming

Acting Chief in 1967.57

In this

position he and illustrator-

program manager, Terry

McCann58

, oversaw refinements

of the original Lunar

Aeronautical Chart Series

(LACs) and other mapping

projects based on imagery from

NASA’s Lunar Orbiters (1966-

1967).59

Greenacre was also one

of the ACIC members who was responsible for deciding

which chart versions were sent to NASA for final Apollo

mission planning.60

(See Figure 9).

Figure 8. Greenacre charting the lunar surface at the 24-inch Clark refractor at Lowell Observatory.

(Courtesy Greenacre Family).

© 2013 R. O’Connell & A. Cook 5 2013-07-28

Greenacre was the first ACIC full-time observer-

cartographer to join the program in September 1961 and the

last to leave Flagstaff after overseeing the Lowell station

closing in September 1969.61

(See Figure 10).62

Greenacre

returned to the ACIC in St. Louis in late 1969 resuming

cartographic work there until taking early retirement in 1973.63

Retirement: 1973-1994

After retiring from the ACIC Jim and his wife Doris remained

in a suburb of St. Louis for a short while until chronic arthritis

led them to seek a drier climate. They had initially intended to

return to Flagstaff but finally decided to return to Colorado.64

There they together

managed the

Wellington Hotel in

Wellington, Colorado

north of Fort Collins for

several years.

Eventually they moved

back to Fort Collins and

became active in local

historical preservation

projects.65

Greenacre continued

working part time

managing irrigation

systems in Livermore

for Poudre Irrigation,

Co. and for the Old

Fort Collins Water

Works. He also served as archeological consultant during this

time for Meadow Springs Ranch Project north of Fort Collins

as anthropology and archeology had remained his life-long

passions. (See Figure 11).

In 1988 he began receiving radiation treatments for

prostate cancer (Private communication, J. E. Greenacre, Jr.,

2011) and in the early 1990s, now in his late 70s, Greenacre’s

health continued to fail until he passed away at the age of 80

Figure 9. (top) Greenacre in 1967 as Acting Chief of ACIC Lunar

Observation Section in front of a Lunar Orbiter V (LO) Aristarchus

mosaic. (bottom) Greenacre inspecting a version of the first edition

Lunar Far Side Chart (LFC-1). This chart was based on LO images

and released in August 1967. (Courtesy Greenacre Family).

Figure 11. James Greenacre (far right) in 1980 at the age of 66

revisiting the Lindenmeier Folsom Man Site, north Larimer County,

Colorado where he had worked on excavations in his youth.

(Courteusy Fort Collins History Connection).

Figure 10. Greenacre in the ACIC

Lowell Observatory Lunar Section

office shortly before its closure in

Sept. 1969. (“Mission Accomplished”

Arizona Daily Sun, August 19, 1969).

© 2013 R. O’Connell & A. Cook 6 2013-07-28

from lung cancer at the Poudre Hospital in Fort Collins

on November 21, 1994.66

He was buried on November 28th

at

Grandview Cemetery, Ft. Collins, Colorado. (See Figure 12).

In 1996, the Northern Colorado Chapter of the Colorado

Archeological Society established the James C. Greenacre

Scholarship Fund using a donation from Doris Greenacre in

memory of her husband.67

Doris passed away in Fort Collins

on March 24, 2001. Jim and Doris Greenacre are survived by

daughter Sabra Minkus (b. 1941) and sons James (b. 1952)

and Timothy (b. 1954), 19 grandchildren and 22 great

grandchildren. (Private communication, J. E. Greenacre, Jr.,

2012).

Acknowledgements

The authors thank James C. Greenacre’s eldest son, James E.

Greenacre, Jr. and his wife Denise Greenacre for providing

information and images for this biography. We also thank

Tiffani Righero, Research Assistant, Fort Collins Local

History Archive for relevant biographical material and

additional images and Lauren Amundson, Lowell Observatory

Archivist, for her assistance in accessing relevant documents.

Addresses: RO: P.O. Box 1963, Keystone Heights, FL 32656. [admin

“at” the1963aristarchusevents.com] AC: Institute of Mathematical and

Physical Sciences University of Wales Aberystwyth, Penglais,

Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, SY23 3BZ, WALES, UNITED KINGDOM.

[atc “at” aber.ac.uk] Website: www.the1963aristarchusevents.com

References and notes

1 Greenacre J. C., ‘The 1963 Aristarchus Events’, The New York Academy of

Sciences Annals, 123(2), (1965 July), pp. 811-816. Greenacre presented this paper at the conference entitled Geological Problems in Lunar Research held by The New York Academy of Sciences on 1964 May 16-19.

2 O’Connell, R. & Cook, A., ‘Revisiting The 1963 Aristarchus Events’, J.

Brit. Astron. Assoc., 123(4) pp. 197-208, (2013 August)

3 James E. Greenacre, Jr., born 1952. 4 Hartwig, T., 'Oral Interview with Doris and James Greenacre', (1976), p. 2,

transcript in Fort Collins Local History Archive, [Archive at the Fort

Collins Museum of Discovery, 408 Mason Court, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80524, (970) 221-6688]. (Manuscript received via post 2011 Jan 31);

Editor. 1994, 'Greenacre Obituary', Fort Collins Triangle Review, 30 Nov

1994 5 Hartwig 1976, op. cit., ref. 3, p. 16.

6 Baker, T., 'Oral History with Focus on Sandia Cave: Interview with James

and Doris Greenacre’ (1983), serial line entries 676 and 682 in Baker, T. 2005 transcription of his 1983 Mar 6 taped interview with the Greenacres.

Accessible at: http://www.ele.net/sandia_cave/greenacre.htm (Accessed

2010 Nov 03). 7 MacArthur, D., ‘Archeologist packs lots into life, now he's being honored’,

Fort Collins Triangle Review, 1988 Feb 17

8 Colorado A&M (Colorado State College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts) was renamed Colorado State University (CSU) in 1957. See:

http://www.colostate.edu/features/facts-figures.aspx (Accessed 2013 Jun

13). 9 Baker, T., 'The Elephant in the Parlor: Another story of Sandia Cave',

(2005), in web-based document, Section: ‘The Settings and Characters:

Greenacre’ at: http://www.ele.net/sandia_cave/elephant.htm (accessed 2010 Nov 03). This portion of document based on 1983 Mar 6 a taped interview

with Jim and Doris Greenacre, Baker 1983/2005, op. cit., ref. 5. 10 Baker 1983/2005, op. cit., ref. 5, serial line entries 676-682

11 Hartwig 1976, op. cit., ref. 3, p. 14. Also clarified year and reason for

transfer in private communication, James E. Greenacre, Jr. (2011). 12 Baker 1983/2005, op. cit., ref. 5, serial line entry 231

13 Twia News, New Mexico Anthropologist, (1938), 2(3), p. 65.

14 Baker 1983/2005, op. cit., ref. 5, serial line entry 171-174 15 Sherman, D., ‘Greenacre helped unearth one of world's greatest finds’, Ft.

Collins Triangle Review, 1994 Nov 23; MacArthur 1988, op. cit. ref. 6, p.

17; Baker T. 1983/2005, op. cit. ref. 5, serial line entry 1341. 16 Hartwig 1976, op. cit. ref. 3, p. 85

17 Ibid., p. 86

18 Sherman 1994, op. cit., ref. 14, p. 17 19 Baker 1983/2005, op. cit., ref. 5, serial line entry 658

20 Ibid., serial line entry 658

21 Ibid., serial line entry 1527 22 Hartwig 1976, op. cit., ref. 3, p. 14

23 Ibid., p. 14.; Baker 2005, op. cit., ref. 5, serial line entry 149

24 Hartwig 1976, op. cit., ref. 3, p. 14 25 WWII veteran and noted archeologist Charles T.R. Bohannan with whom

Greenacre worked at various archeological sites became his closest life-long

friend (Private communication, J. E. Greenacre, Jr. 2010). 26 Baker 1983/2005, op. cit., ref. 5, serial line entry 1529. The Works

Progress Administration (WPA) (renamed during 1939 as the Work Projects

Administration was the largest and most ambitious New Deal agency employing millions to carry out public works projects. From Wikipedia:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Works Progress_Administration. (accessed

2011 Nov 3).

27 MacArthur 1988, op. cit., ref. 6; Hartwig 1976, op. cit., ref. 3

28 Various authors: MacArthur 1988, op. cit., ref 6; Lyon, E., A., ‘A New

Deal for Southeastern Archaeology’, The University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa, (1996) p. 99; 1987, 'The New Deal and Kentucky Archeology

Photographs of Relief Labor for Service', University of Kentucky Museum of

Anthropology, Lexington (1987); Webb, W. S. & Snow, C. S., ‘The Adena People’ The University of Tennessee Press, Lexington (2001), p. 5; Haag,

W. G., 'Early Horizons in the Southeast', American Antiquity, 7(3), footnote

40, p. 218 (1942); Wright, J. V., 'The Development of Prehistory in Canada, 1935-1985', American Antiquity, 50(2), p. 421-433 & (Caption 5) (1985);

Jefferies, R. W., ‘Holocene Hunter-Gatherers of the Lower Ohio Valley’,

The University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa, p. 42 (2008); For Greenacre’s numerous recollections of his life and work during this period

see Hartwig 1976, op. cit., ref. 3 and Baker 2005, op. cit., ref 5

29 Unpublished obituary of James C. Greenacre by the Greenacre Family, (1994).

30 Greenacre recalled in 1983 “That was another reason I think I got (hired)

on (for ACIC Lowell lunar mapping program,), cause they looked for

Figure 12. Greenacre headstone, Grandview Cemetery, Ft. Collins,

Colorado. (Image: G. Hazard)

© 2013 R. O’Connell & A. Cook 7 2013-07-28

someone that knew a little bit of photography and I guess I was the only

one, because Bill (Cannell) didn't know any photography.” In Baker 2005, op. cit., ref. 4, serial line entry 1692. Greenacre built and initially managed

the first ACIC darkroom for developing film taken through the 24-inch

Clark refractor at Lowell. 31 See invitation letter dated 1987 Aug 19 to James C. Greenacre from Mary-

Lucus Powell and David Pollack from the University of Kentucky,

Lexington. Letter in Fort Collins Local History Archive, op. cit., ref. 3, (copy received via post 2011 Jan 31)

32 Baker 1983/2005, op. cit., ref. 5, serial line entry 157

33 See Wikipedia entry for U. S. Army Map Service at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Army_Map_Service (accessed 2013 Jun 13).

34 Greenacre D., Morris A. (Ed.), ‘The History of Larimer County, Colorado’,

Sec. F176 – ‘Greenacre-Brollier Family’ (1985) in Fort Collins Local History Archive; Baker 1983/2005, op. cit., ref. 5, serial line entry 1627;

MacArthur 1988, op. cit., ref. 6;

35 MacArthur 1988, op. cit., ref. 6 36 Ibid.

37 Ibid.; Hartwig 1976, op. cit., ref. 3, pp. 76-77

38 Hartwig 1976, op. cit., ref. 3, p. 77; Baker 1983/2005, op. cit., ref. 5, serial line entries 1629-1637

39 Greenacre 1985, op. cit., ref. 33, Sec F176; MacArthur 1988, op. cit., ref.

6. In the article, reference is made to the ‘Division of Place Names’ which was actually the Geographic Names Branch of the Army Map Service.

(Clarification – private communication, J. E. Greenacre, Jr., 2011) 40 MacArthur 1988, op. cit., ref. 6.

41 Baker 1983/2005, op. cit., ref. 5, serial line entry 692; MacArthur 1988, op.

cit., ref. 6 42 Greenacre 1985, op. cit., ref. 33, Sec F176; Baker 2005, op. cit., ref. 5,

serial line entry 692; MacArthur 1988, op. cit., ref. 6

43 See: ‘U.S. Board on Geographic Names’ website at: http://geonames.usgs.gov/

44 Editor. 1994, 'Greenacre Obituary', Fort Collins Triangle Review, 1994

Nov 30 45 Baker 1983/2005, op. cit., ref. 5, serial line entry 1644

46 MacArthur 1988, op. cit., ref. 6

47 Ibid and Baker 1983/2005, op. cit., ref. 5, serial line entry 1650 48 Jackson, J. H., ‘Inconstant Moon’, Analog, 74(2), (1964 October), p. 8

49 Greenacre J. C., ‘The 1963 Aristarchus Events’, The New York Academy of

Sciences Annals, 123(2), (1965 July), p. 812. Greenacre clarified several observational details in this paper presented at the conference entitled

Geological Problems in Lunar Research held by The New York Academy

of Sciences on 1964 May 16−19. Accessible at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1749-

6632.1965.tb20403.x/abstract (Accessed 2012-07-18)

50 Jackson 1964, op. cit., ref 47, p. 9 51 Greenacre 1965, op. cit., ref 48, pp. 811−816.

52 No other TLP were seen by the ACIC Lowell Observatory observers either

before or after The 1963 Aristarchus Events. This was confirmed by J. E. Greenacre, Jr.:“I asked him about the TLP reports at his and my mother’s

50th wedding anniversary in 1988. I flew home from the Philippines and

was there 7 days. And I had a couple of good times to talk and that was the

last time I had a chance to talk to him before he started to decline and he

started having health issues. But I asked him if he had ever seen anything

previous to or after that and he said -- ‘No.’ (Private communication 2011) 53 Greenacre, J. A., ‘A Recent Observation of Lunar Color Phenomena, Sky

and Telescope Magazine, 26(6), p. 316-317, (1963 December). NOTE:

Greenacre’s middle initial in this article’s byline was incorrectly spelled

“A”. 54 Greenacre 1965, op. cit., ref 48 55 USAF, ‘Lunar Color Phenomena: Technical Report No. 12’, USAF

Aeronautical Chart and Information Center, Ft Belvoir Defense Technical Information Center, Virginia (1964 May)

56 Greenacre J. C. 1965, 'Red Spots, Recent Observations', Greenacre presented this paper at a meeting of the National Academy of Sciences,

Autumn 1965, ‘Scientific Sessions, Symposium on Surface Features of the

Moon’, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena. Janice F. Goldblum, Archivist for the National Academy of

Sciences (NAS) confirmed this paper was presented by Greenacre but was

unable to locate a copy in the NAS Archives. (Private communication, 2009

Dec 31)

57 Greenacre assumed the Acting Chief position once William D. Cannell, the first director of the ACIC Lunar Observation Section, left the program to

pursue a degree at the University of Virginia later in 1967. See: J. S. Hall

recommendation letter dated 1967 Jul 5 for Cannell addressed to the Office of the Dean of Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Virginia

in J. S. Hall papers, Lowell Observatory Archives, Flagstaff, Arizona.

58 For example, Terry McCann’s collaboration with Greenacre is referenced in J. C. Greenacre personal letter to W. D. Cannell (1967 Nov 15) in J. C.

Greenacre papers, Lowell Observatory Archives, Flagstaff, Arizona.

59 During the program’s eight-year span, the Lowell ACIC section produced 64 lunar charts based on telescopic observations, 25 charts and site maps

based on images from NASA’s Ranger, Surveyor and Lunar Orbiter

missions and one Moon globe. See: Kopal Z. & Carder R. W., ‘Mapping of the Moon: Past and Present’ (Dordrecht-Holland/Boston: D. Reidel

Publishing Co.), (1974), p. 167

60 Baker 1983/2005, op. cit., ref. 5, serial line entry 1664 61 Editor, “ ‘Mission Accomplished' ACIC Director Last to Leave Flagstaff ”,

Arizona Daily Sun, Flagstaff (1969 Aug 19).

62 Full caption for Figure 10 as it appeared in the 1969 Aug 16 issue of The Arizona Daily Sun: “FLAGSTAFF SCIENTIFIC community will lose James

C. Greenacre next month as the Air Force phases out its lunar-mapping

operations at Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff. Greenacre, who directed the A.F. Aeronautical Chart and Information Center (ACIC) office here, will be

transferred to the national ACIC center in St. Louis, Mo. (SUNfoto by Jim Davidson.)”

63 Baker 1983/2005, op. cit., ref. 5, serial line entry 1676

64 Hartwig 1976., op. cit., ref. 3, p. 19 65 Ibid., pp. 19-21

66 Unpublished obituary of James C. Greenacre written by the Greenacre

Family, (1994). Greenacre’s lung cancer diagnosis confirmed by J. E. Greenacre, Jr. (Private communication 2012).

67 Website of the Northern Colorado Chapter of the Colorado Archeological

Society. http://www.fortnet.org/casncc/scholarship/. (accessed 2011 Nov 03)