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A SAFE AND JUST SPACE FOR HUMANITY
A vision for inclusive and sustainable economic development
Kate Raworth
Senior Researcher
Oxfam
African Development Bank 3 May 2012
ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION
HUMAN DEPRIVATION
DEPRIVATION AND DEGRADATION
Land and water conflicts
Food price crises
STABILITY IN THE HOLOCENE
Source: Rockström et al 2009
NINE PLANETARY BOUNDARIES
CO2 350ppm
15% cropland4,000 km3 pa
35 m tonnes pa
276 Dobson units
2.75 aragonite
10 species/m pa
NINE PLANETARY BOUNDARIES
Source: Rockström et al 2009
11 m tonnes pa
NINE PLANETARY BOUNDARIES
A SAFE AND JUST SPACE FOR HUMANITY
FALLING FAR BELOW THE SOCIAL FOUNDATION
INTERDEPENDENCE OF THE BOUNDARIES
INCLUSIVE AND SUSTAINABLE GROWTH IN AFRICA
What is the state of Africa’s social foundation?
Which planetary boundaries are under most stress in Africa?
How is this stress undermining Africa’s prospects for inclusive economic growth?
Which investments can best bring Africa between social and planetary boundaries?
TRADITIONAL ECONOMIC GROWTH
INCLUSIVE AND SUSTAINABLE GROWTH
Low incomecountries: focused on tackling poverty but without locking in to unsustainable resource use
High income countries: the challenge of decoupling economic growthfrom resource use
Emerging economies: high potential to transform pathways of resource use along with rising wellbeing
INCLUSIVE AND SUSTAINABLE GROWTH
Gross Domestic Product
THE BIGGER PICTURE OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Value of goods and services in the monetised economy
+ Value of unpaid goods and services
unpaid care services
unpaid ecosystem functions
undervaluedpublic goods Gross Domestic Product
Value of goods and services in the monetised economy
THE BIGGER PICTURE OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
SocialCommunityInstitutions
HumanHealth
EducationCare
NaturalEcosystems
Non/renewable resources
PhysicalInfrastructure
Machinery
FinancialSavingsEquity
unpaid care services
unpaid ecosystem functions
undervaluedpublic goods Gross Domestic Product
+ Underlying stocks of assets – in five dimensions
Value of goods and services in the monetised economy
+ Value of unpaid goods and services
THE BIGGER PICTURE OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
SocialCommunityInstitutions
HumanHealth
EducationCare
NaturalEcosystems
Non/renewable resources
PhysicalInfrastructure
Machinery
FinancialSavingsEquity
unpaid care services
unpaid ecosystem functions
undervaluedpublic goods Gross Domestic Product
Distribution of incomes and assets
Value of goods and services in the monetised economy
+ Value of unpaid goods and services
+ Underlying stocks of assets – in five dimensions
+ How incomes and wealth are distributed across household, and by gender and race
THE BIGGER PICTURE OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
