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A ROADMAP TOWARDS DEVELOPINGA NATIONAL ADAPTATION PLAN
(NAP) FOR BANGLADESH : OUTCOME FROM
A CONSULTATION MEETING
CONTEXT OF NATIONAL ADAPTATION PLANNAPA (Developed in 2005, revised in 2009) UNFCCC process-led, for LDCs To highlight a few immediate & urgent projectsBCCSAP GOB led Introduced programme ideas, no details Not yet linked with development planning Yet to be owned by various relevant institutionsNAP… to be developed UNFCCC led (COP decision), for all Parties Medium and long term, comprehensive Plan
About a NAP Roadmap in BangladeshLimited Understanding how to develop itA generic ‘Guidebook’ has provided useful directions though it lacks country-specificityTo lay out critical aspects
What needs to be done (including contextual analysis)
How to go about it? Methodological challenges
Who will be engaged in NAP process, the Roadmap will provide an instant guideline
Basic Elements of Bangladesh NAP•Envisioning the Unseen: What Scenarios?•Bangladesh’s Specific Vulnerability? (thematic and territory wise)•How to visualize Adaptation Needs in Vulnerable Sectors and locations?•Integration of the NAP with National Development mechanism.•Who will implement the Plan? The Institutional Setting •Monitoring and Evaluation•How to Finance the NAP?•How to integrate gender sensitivity (women & children) in adaptation?
SCENARIO DEVELOPMENT : Climate Hind-cast (what had happened in the past?); Future projections : Climate model based projections: Time-frame for analysis? (has to be time-specific). Success in Mitigation at global level.Projections of other aspects: which may be highly sensitive to change in climate & climate-induced hydro-bio-geophysical parameters: population, economic & development scenarios, employment, migration, resource utilization including land; etc.
SCENARIO DEVELOPMENTClimate model based projections: Time-frame for analysis? Eastern Himalayan Regional context to be considered (Water & Agriculture)
NAP Roadmap Team’s suggestion:
3 timelines in addition to current (say, 2015) timeframe:
•2030 and2050 (for planning perspectives) and
•2100 (for infrastructural risk perspective)
If possible, use 5 year incremental steps
PRECIS and other IPCC SRES approved climate models (if validated for Bangladesh)
Need guidance and support from global level on scenario development and use of suitable model;
Bangladesh-Specific VulnerabilityOnce vulnerability is better understood, devising adaptation plan becomes easierSector- and community-specific vulnerability: as detailed as possibleAEZ-specific? Physiographic-specific? Hazard-specific? River-basin specific?Regional aspects specially with respect to Water management.
What are the priority sectors and locations?Storm surge in Coastal belt of the country? Salinity intrusion and Sea level rise? Urban drainage congestion?
Bangladesh-Specific VulnerabilityOnce vulnerability is better understood, devising adaptation plan becomes easierSector-specific vulnerability: as details as possibleWhat are the priority sectors?Any cross-cutting issue?
Water Resources SectorAgriculture Sector (including sub-sectors)Communication sectorPhysical InfrastructureFood and Health SecurityLivelihoodsDisaster ManagementHabitation and UrbanizationSpecial attention: Gender Sensitivity
Understanding Adaptation Needs in Vulnerable Sectors
Needs for both preventive (or transformative) and reactive adaptations will be considered; consider probability of mal-adaptation.
Adaptation should follow specific vulnerability of each (prioritized) sector and territory.
Adaptations must be made responsive to future conditions
Gender sensitive adaptation
INTEGRATION OF NAP WITH NATIONAL DEV (contd.)
Integration of NAP with investments through ADP (across sectors)Integration of adaptation actions at different tiers: Central, meso-level, household/community level, Inter-sectoral perspective
Managing vulnerability and adaptation related informationKnowledge management through continued monitoring, analyses, etc.Periodic updates on residual vulnerability and Loss & Damage (L&D)
INSTITUTIONAL MAPPING FOR INTEGRATION OF NAPInstitutional Mapping must provide answers•Who does what?•Which national organization monitors and evaluates (periodically)? Result-based monitoring•How inter-agency coordination is ensured?•What is the state of capacity of implementing bodies in different tiers?•What are the technological needs towards implementing elements of NAP?•Avoiding mal-adaptation by sector: Who oversees?•What is the updating and feedback mechanism?
How to operationalize
NAP?
FINANCING ADAPTATION IN A PLANNED MANNERHow big is the financial requirement?Will there be prioritization in financial mobilization?What needs to be done?
FINANCING ADAPTATION IN A PLANNED MANNERHow big is the financial requirement?Will there be prioritization in financial mobilization?What needs to be done?Estimation of costs of adaptation by key sectorsPrioritization of Specific adaptationsScheduling of finance for AdaptationLocation specificity of Financing adaptationSources of finance (local, international)Finance mobilization strategy
Management of NAP How NAP process will be managed?MOEF-led NAP Team
Inter-ministerial Steering Committee
Technical Advisory Committee
(involving GO, CSO, Academics, ….)
Sector-specific/ issue-specific TAC Sub-committees
(for example, Climate modelling Sub-committee)
Local, Regional, and National Consultations
Draft presentation of NAP
Finalization through ministerial vetting/approval
PROCESSES INVOLVING DEVELOPMENT OF NAPHow to ensure participation of stakeholders at all levels?Bottom-up : Local level concerns/realities, inputs in priority setting (including gender specificity)Top-down : Key Climate Change Practitioners/ ExpertsInter-sectoral: Sector-specific institutional responses, needs & prioritiesPolitical level integration: Parliamentary hearing for priority setting, institutional coordination, financing, etc.Media coverage: Involve the mass population
Preamble must highlight theory of change (Specific objectives, targets, etc.)
NAP to lead to LAP
Update BCCSAP ?, add costing and prioritization; institutional setting
Create opportunity for capacity building of planners
Added objective?: To create access to GCF
Add fiduciary standard enhancement
To bring synergy among various types of projects/actors
NAP Team should avoid duplication of project activities/use of scarce resources
Issues concerning marketing need to be highlighted
Thanks for your patience