A Review on Mobile Cloud Computing:Possible Solutions

Shweta Chhabra, Rekha

Abstract -Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) has been introduced as a potential technology for mobile services. It is the combination of mobile computing, cloud computing and wireless networks to bring high quality computational resources to network operators, mobile users, and cloud computing providers [1, 2].with the advent of mobile and hand held devices are associated with mobile computing, so routing overhead ratio is increasing on clouds which lacks in efficiency and the data transmission interval is increasing. this paper provides a better understanding ofthe cloud computing and identifies important research issues C PU speed, memory capacity etc. However, the mobile devices are facing up with many struggles in their resources (e.g., battery life, storage, and bandwidth) and communications (e.g., privacy, mobility and security). Index Terms - Cloud Computing, Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC), Offloading, Research Directions.

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1) INTRODUCTION

Cloud is the collection or group of computers or servers interconnected with each others. Cloud is the network or say services provider .Clients can access resources from cloud through internet at anytime and anywhere[3]. Cloud Computing is the use of computational resources (hardware and software) that are delivered as a service over a network. To fulfil the user’s resource requirement such as storage, CPU, networks and memory , It makes a virtual pool of resource and provides on demand hardware and software. Cloud Computing works like distributed computing. In distributed computing , a huge or big problem can divided into several small parts and distributed among various computers which execute individual part of problem and get the result. The final result come by combining or integrate the individuals problem’s result together. Cloud Computing portends a major change in how we store information and run applications. Cloud Computing has emerged as the great technology in term of scalability and portability. It has changed our view of carrying data and communication. A simple example of cloud computing is Yahoo email, Gmail, or Hotmail etc You don’t need software or server to use them. All a consumer would need is just an internet connection and you can start sending emails. Mobile Cloud Computing based on three concepts:- Hardware, Software and Communication. Hardware include mobile devices like smart phones, laptops or PDAs. Software include the mobile applications in the mobile devices like browsers , games , antivirus software’s , Google’s Gmail , Maps and Navigation systems for mobile, Voice Search and so on.

Communication includes infrastructure of mobile networks, protocols and data delivery in their use. Mobile Cloud Computing is an extension to Cloud Computing. In MCC, all the data processing , mobile –based intensive computing could happen on cloud thus reducing the resource requirement of mobile devices mobile such as capability of CPU , memory and so on[4].

2) CLOUD COMPUTING

A. DEPLOYEMENT MODELS OF CLOUD:

• Private Cloud:-Private Cloud is Cloud

infrastructure operated only for a single organization. The cloud is either managed internally or by a third-party or hosted internally or externally. Users pay for the resources used by them i.e the cloud uses pay per use model. Only users of an organization can share data of private cloud for which it operated or build and third party sharing depends upon trust they build with them. Examples of private cloud include Amazon Virtual Private Cloud and Eucalyptus Cloud Platform.

• Public Cloud:-The Cloud infrastructure

provides resources for open use by the general public. It may be managed and operated by an academic business, or government organization, or some combination of them. Users have to pay monthly bill according to their utilizing of services. It exists on the premises of the Cloud provider. Examples of public cloud are Amazon Elastic Cloud Compute, Google App Engine.

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• Hybrid Cloud:- The Cloud infrastructure is the combination of two Cloud infrastructures (private public) that remain unique entities. IT organizations use hybrid clouds to employ

cloud bursting for scaling across clouds. Cloud bursting is an application deployment model in which an application runs in a private cloud or data centre and "bursts" to a public cloud when the demand for computing capacity increases [5].

• Community Cloud:-In this the infrastructure is shared between several organizations from a specific community having common concerns such as security etc., whether managed internally or by a third-party and hosted internally or externally .

B. SERVICE MODELS OF CLOUD :

A brief description of the various types of service models is given below. All these models are deployed over the internet as a pay-per-use policy.

• Software as a Service (SaaS): The cloud service providers give various software applications to the users, who can use them without installing them on their computer.

• Platform as a Service (PaaS): The cloud

service providers give platforms, tools and other services to the users.

• Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): The

cloud service providers give infrastructure like storage, computing power etc. to the users through virtualization.[6]

3) MOBILE CLOUD COMPUTING

As MCC is based on the cloud concept the centralized applications, services and resources are accessed over the wireless network technologies based on web browser of the smart phones. Many of the business persons are attracted by MCC as a p rofitable business option since reduces the development, execution cost of mobile applications, and mobile users are enabled to acquire new technology as a o n-demand basis. It

enables to achieve rich experience of a variety of cloud services for SMDs(Smart Mobile Devices) at low cost[7].

A. MOBILE CLOUD COMPUTING

ARCHITECTURE The general architecture of MCC is shown in the figure given below. .The main architecture of MCC is

composed from the components: mobile users, mobile operators, internet service providers (ISP), cloud service

providers, respectively [8].

The mobile cloud computing architecture provides effectiveness by using the advantages of the cloud computing. The Mobile devices mainly mobile phones communicate with the mobile networks with the help of base stations, access points and/or satellite. The information’s are transmitted from the mobile devices and these information’s are operated on the central processors unit, servers and database on the mobile network provider side. Mobile network operators can provide valuable services to mobile phone users as an authorization, authentication and accounting based on the home agent and subscribers data stored in the databases. After that, the subscribers’ requests to the cloud through the internet and cloud controllers process the requests to navigate to corresponding cloud services to provide mobile subscriber.

4) OFFLOADING MECHANISM

Offloading in its simple terms can be defined as the mechanism of partitioning an application into offloadable and non offloadable sections considering various parameters and then remotely executing the offlloadble sections. There is no set of guidelines for

Figure 1:Hybrid Cloud

Figure 2:Basic Mobile Cloud Architecture

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deciding which section of an application to offload but we can keep in mind the below mentioned points.[9]

A. Need of Offloading:

Offloading helps in overcoming the issues of limited resources of mobile systems such as battery life , network bandwidth, storage capacity and processor performance.

B. Types of Offloading:-

• Static Offloading: The decision parameters are defined at the development time .

• Dynamic Offloading: The decision is taken by considering dynamic parameters i.e at run-time of an application.

C. Applications of Offloading:

• Games like chess and Sudoku Solver which need quick computation and have numerous small datasets.

• File Search applications which takes more than few minutes to search a particular file.

• Image Processing tasks and image rendering tasks are quite computational intensive.

• Download Applications can save time and energy when offloaded to cloud.

• Antivirus Applications can be offloaded to cloud since it involves a complete scan of phone and comparison of several virus signatures.

5) RELATED ISSUES IN MOBILE

COMPUTING AND FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS

Although some projects of mobile cloud computing has already been deployed around the world, there is still a long way for business implementation, and some research aspects should be considered in further work.

• Data Access: Due to the feature of resource

constrains ,mobile devices have potential challenges in cloud accessing, consistent accessing data transmission, and so on. Such challenges can be solved using: special application (service) and middle-ware (provide a platform for all mobile cloud computing systems).

• Sub division of task: Researchers divide tasks

(applications) from mobile devices into multiple sub-tasks and deliver some of them to run in cloud, which is a good solution to the resource limited mobile devices. However, we do not have an optimal strategy or algorithm on how to divide these tasks, which one should be processed by cloud and which one by devices.

• Better service: The original purpose of mobile cloud computing is providing PC-liked services to mobile terminals. However, as the existing different features between mobile devices and PCs, we cannot directly transplant the services from PCs platform to mobile devices. Therefore, further research should try to Identify the method on how to provide suitable and friendly interactive services for mobile devices.

• User interface: The current interface between

mobile devices and cloud is based on web interfaces. These interfaces are not designed for the mobile devices and thus carry huge overheads. Also, compatibility among mobile devices may be an issue. To overcome this flaw, a standard protocol and interface needs to be designed.

• Quality of service: The original goal of mobile cloud computing is to provide PC-like services on the mobile devices. Since, there are a d iverse features existing between PCs and mobile devices, we cannot directly shift the services from the computer’s platform to mobile devices. In addition, mobile users may face delay in communication with the cloud because of congestion due to bandwidth limitation, network disconnection and signal attenuation.

• Security and Privacy issues: Trust is an essential factor for the success of MCC paradigm. Constructing a trustable, secure environment is an open issue which is exacerbated when the Internet is utilized as the bridge between front-end and back-end devices (over wireless and wired networks). Provisioning security and providing data integrity and reliability besides delivering essential services (e.g. always on connectivity and cloud services) over the heterogeneous distributed systems, wireless networks, and the Internet require novel lightweight methods.

6) CONCLUSION

Recently, cloud computing has created a new research impetus in smart phone augmentation leading to the emergence mobile cloud computing paradigm. The ultimate goal of MCC is to provide rich mobile computing through seamless communication between front-users (cloud-mobile users) and end-users (cloud providers) regardless of heterogeneous, wireless environments and underlying platforms in global Roaming. With the high increasing of data computation in commerce and science, the capacity of data processing has been considered as a strategic resource in many countries. We conclude that there are some main optimization approaches in MCC, which are

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focusing on the limitations of mobile devices, Quality of communication, and division of applications services, Standard Interface, Quality of service, Trust, Security & privacy Issues. Deploying an effective elastic application division mechanism is deemed to be the best solution to guarantee the application service in MCC; its complicated, but promising high impact results. 7) LIST OF FIGURES

Figure1 Hybrid Cloud

Figure2 Basic Mobile Cloud Architecture

REFERENCES [1] Abolfazli, S., Sanaei, Z., Ahmed, E., Gani, A., &Buyya, R. 2014. Cloud-based augmentation for mobile devices: motivation, taxonomies, and open challenges. Communications Surveys & Tutorials, IEEE, 16(1), 337-368.

[2] Liu, F., Shu, P., Jin, H., Ding, L., Yu, J., Niu, D., & Li, B. 2013. Gearing resource-poor mobile devices with powerful clouds: architectures, challenges, and applications. Wireless Communications, IEEE, 20(3), 14-22. [3] Weiguang SONG , Xiaolong SU , “Review of Mobile Cloud computing”, 2011 IEEE. [4] Man Yuan, “Mobile Computing”. Harbin : Harbin Industrialization University Press, 2008: 2-10. [5]Kalpana Parsi, , M.Laharika, “ A Comparative Study of Different Deployment Models in a Cloud”, 2013, IJARCSSE [6] Zissis, Dimitrios, and Dimitrios Lekkas. "Addressing Cloud Computing Security Issues." Future Generation Computer Systems 28.3 (2012): 583-92. Web. [7] Muhammad Shiraz, Abdullah Gani, “A Review on Distributed Application Processing Frameworks in Smart Mobile Devices for Mobile”. [8] http://www.mobilecloudcomputingforum.com/ [9] A Survey of Mobile Cloud Computing Application Models Atta ur Rehman Khan, Mazliza Othman, Sajjad Ahmad Madani, IEEE Member, and Samee Ullah Khan, IEEE Senior Member IEEE communications, Surveys and tutorials, vol.16, No.1 First quarter 2014.

Shweta Chhabra- MCA,, M.tech, M.Phil, B.ed. Working as a Lecturer in Computer Science Department in Saraswati Mahila Mahavidyalya palwal since 2010 to till now. Research work in National Conference on Topic Bluetooh Security. Rekha Dua- MCA ,B.ed,M.Tech(CSE) . Working as a Lecturer in Computer Science Department in Saraswati Mahila Mahavidyalya palwal since 2011 toDepartment in Saraswati Mahila Mahavidyalya palwal since 2011 to till now.

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