a r c e l l u s D e s i g n MS t o r m w a t e r M i t i g a t i o n B y : B r a n d o n G r a h a m

“ O n c e d e s t r o y e d , n a t u r e ’ s b e a u t y c a n n o t b e r e p u r c h a s e d a t a n y p r i c e ” - A n s e l A d a m s

T h e S u l l i v a n C o u n t y D e s i g n C h a r e t t eT h e P e n n s y l v a n i a S t a t e U n i v e r s i t y

L a n d s c a p e A r c h i t e c t u r e 2 0 1 3

P r o b l e m S t a t e m e n t :

P r o j e c t D e s c r i p t i o n :

B e n e f i t s / G o a l s o f P r o j e c t :

Natural gas pipeline corridors located throughout Sullivan County weave throughout the landscape, leaving Right-of-Way scars and strong visual impacts. What goes

unnoticed however is the runoff and other stormwater concerns created from a land-scape with vast differences from the largely forested surroundings.

- Identify the stormwater runoff issues occurring on pipeline corridors- Provide alternative solutions to mitigate stormwater runoff- Demonstrate the cost effectiveness of these alternatives

The necessary removal of forest cover to accommodate well-pads, pipelines and access roads results in a change of land cover that usually results in increased

intensity and volume of runoff, as well as increased sediment transport to streams. An analysis of stormwater design of pipeline corridors in several slope and adjacent land use conditions will compare current practices with application of best practices approaches to provide design alternatives which better mimic the hydrological perfor-

mance of prior forest/natural conditions.

M a r c e l l u s D e s i g n

Active, Proposed, and Projected Pipelines in Sullivan County

Active or Proposed

NC Projection (3 Shown)

335 Miles4050 Acres

195 Miles (avg)2250 Acres

pLegend

Active and Proposed Wells

Nature Conservancy Well Projection

Active and Proposed PL

Nature Conservancy Projected PL

Sullivan_County

M a r c e l l u s D e s i g n

Active, Proposed, and Nature Conservancy Projected Well Locations

pLegend

Active and Proposed PL

Nature Conservancy Projected PL

0 - 8.333

8.333000001 - 15

15.00000001 - 25

25.00000001 - 42

42.00000001 - 85.29972076

Sullivan_County

M a r c e l l u s D e s i g n

Slope (%)

County Landform Determined By Slope

pLegend

0 - 8.333

8.333000001 - 15

15.00000001 - 25

25.00000001 - 42

42.00000001 - 59.626091

Sullivan_County

Slope (%)

M a r c e l l u s D e s i g n

Pipeline Landform Determined By Slope

M a r c e l l u s D e s i g n

Pipeline Landform Determined By Slope

2894

842

27242

1513

475

196 65

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

0-8.333 8.333-15 15-25 25-42

Acr

es

Slope Range (%)

Pipeline Landform Determined By Slope

Ac ve and Proposed

NC Projec on

pLegendSullivan County TPIClass Name

Canyons

Ridges

Slopes

Active and Proposed PL

Nature Conservancy Projected PL

Sullivan_County

M a r c e l l u s D e s i g n

County Determined By Topographic Position Index (TPI)

pLegendSullivan_County

Class NameCanyons

Ridges

Slopes

M a r c e l l u s D e s i g n

Pipeline Landform Determined By Topographic Position Index (TPI)

Sullivan County TPI

M a r c e l l u s D e s i g n

Pipeline Landform Determined By Topographic Position Index (TPI)

818

1781

1451

606

788856

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

Canyon Ridge Side Slopes

Acr

es

Topographic Posi on Index (TPI)

Pipeline Landform Determined by Topographic Piosi on Index (TPI)

Ac ve & Proposed

NC Projec on

p

LegendLand Use

Barren Land

Cultivated Crops

Deciduous Forest

Developed, High Intensity

Developed, Low Intensity

Developed, Medium Intensity

Developed, Open Space

Emergent Herbaceuous Wetlands

Evergreen Forest

Hay/Pasture

Herbaceuous

Mixed Forest

Open Water

Shrub/Scrub

Woody Wetlands

Active and Proposed PL

Nature Conservancy Projected PL

Sullivan_County

M a r c e l l u s D e s i g n

County Landform Determined By Land Use

p

M a r c e l l u s D e s i g n

Land UseBarren Land

Cultivated Crops

Deciduous Forest

Developed, High Intensity

Developed, Low Intensity

Developed, Medium Intensity

Developed, Open Space

Emergent Herbaceuous Wetlands

Evergreen Forest

Hay/Pasture

Herbaceuous

Mixed Forest

Open Water

Shrub/Scrub

Woody Wetlands

Active and Proposed PL

Nature Conservancy Projected PL

Sullivan_County

Legend

Pipeline Landform Determined By Land Use

M a r c e l l u s D e s i g n

Pipeline Landform Determined By Land Use

2430

1620

1867

383

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

Forest Agriculture

Acre

s

Land Use

Prior Pipeline Corridor Land Use

Ac ve andProposed

Projected

M a r c e l l u s D e s i g n

Total Land Use Acres

6300

8200

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

Acr

es

Pipelines Developed Land

Total Land Use Acres

Pipelines (Ac ve, Proposed,and NC Projec ons)

Developed Land

M a r c e l l u s D e s i g n

Active, Proposed, and NC Projected Pipeline Stream Crossings and Adjacencies

pLegend

Sullivan County Streams

Stream & Pipeline Intersections

Active and Proposed PL

Nature Conservancy Projected PL

Sullivan_County

M a r c e l l u s D e s i g n

Current Pipeline Corridor Conditions

Agriculture Forest100’ PipelineRight-Of-Way

Forest Forest100’ PipelineRight-Of-Way

M a r c e l l u s D e s i g n

Alternative Pipeline Corridor Stormwater Solutions

Forest Forest100’ PipelineRight-Of-Way

Forest Forest100’ PipelineRight-Of-Way

5’ No Plant Zone

20’ Low Shrubs20’ Low Shrubs

Small Trees and Larger Shrubs

Small Trees and Larger Shrubs

M a r c e l l u s D e s i g n

Stormwater Runoff Depth for Land Uses Adjacent to Pipelines

0.000.15

0.57

1.99

0.24

1.15

2.25

4.60

0.56

1.45

2.67

5.15

0.14

0.61

1.45

3.50

0.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

2" 2 Year (3.27") 10 Year (4.78") 100 Year (7.5")

Stor

mw

ater

Run

o D

epth

(inc

hes)

Design Storm Rainfall Event (inches)

Design Storm Runo Depth By Land Use

Forest

Agriculture

Typical Pipeline Condi ons

Proposed Condi ons

M a r c e l l u s D e s i g n

SummaryPipeline Landform Determined By Slope: While the majority of the pipelines in the county are located on shallow slopes less than 8.333%, land cover materials still play a crucial part in minimizing stormwater runoff on all slopes.

Pipeline Landform Determined By Topographic Position Index: Ridgelines dominate the landscape of Sullivan County. Coincidently so do the pipelines that run throughout. Almost one half of the total pipeline ares consumes these valuable ridges. The combined area for ridges and side slopes creates a situation in which stormwater management and land cover is crucial for ecosystem protection.

Pipeline Landform Determined By Land Use: The creation of pipelines in Sullivan County has disturbed far less forest land when compared to agriculture when comparing total land use percentages. The projections from the Nature Conservancy, however, almost double the total forest lost, especially in the Southern parts of the county in State Forest and Game Lands.

Pipeline Stream Crossings and Adjacencies: Over 1800 intersections occur between Active, Proposed, and NC Projection pipelines either directly or in adjacencies of 350’. These are areas of extra high risk and present a need for extra sensitivity and attention with land cover on pipeline Right-Of-Ways.

Stormwater Runoff Depth: While typical Right-Of-Way standards for pipelines do not allow for forest like conditions, the alternatives shown allow for a large reduction in stormwater runoff, especially in the largest Design Storm figures. Special consider-ations need to be taken when replanting agricultural Right-Of-Ways as extra stormwater can be hazardous to the adjacent ecosys-tems.

Total Land Use: Left unattended, the pipeline corridors of Sullivan County add upwards of a 77% increase in stormwater runoff.