A presentation A presentation on hazard risk on hazard risk management in management in

IndiaIndia

National Disaster Management National Disaster Management DivisionDivision

Ministry of Home AffairsMinistry of Home Affairs

Govt of IndiaGovt of India

By Saroj Kumar Jha

Director (Disaster Management) India

Original presentation is modified for Internet use.

Hazard Vulnerability in IndiaHazard Vulnerability in India

• 60% of land mass prone to earthquakes( 300 million hec with 555 million people)• 40 million hectares (8%) of landmass prone to floods• 8000 Km long coastline with two cyclone seasons• Drought – low and medium rainfall region which constitute 68% of the total area vulnerable to drought• Hilly regions vulnerable to avalanches/landslides/Hailstorms/cloudbursts• Different types of manmade Hazards

1 million houses damaged annually + human, economic, social, other losses

Successive Disasters in Successive Disasters in Orissa –Orissa – The SupercycloneThe Supercyclone

The twin cyclones: GANJAM, GAJAPATI: Oct 17-19, 1999.

Wind Speed :180 km/h; Rainfall: 452 mm in 36 Hours

14 COASTAL DISTS: Oct 29-30, 1999. Wind Speed: 300 km/h; Rainfall 960 mm in 3 Days

IMPACT 8,495 Lives lost., 2 million Houses & 23,000 Schools damaged ,450,000 cattle dead 1.8 m ha. paddy and 33,000 ha. of non-paddy land affected Loss of 90 million trees Power supply disrupted in 19,062 villages All means of communication paralyzed for few days

Successive Disasters in Successive Disasters in Orissa –Orissa – The SupercycloneThe Supercyclone

The twin cyclones: GANJAM, GAJAPATI: Oct 17-19,

1999. Wind Speed :180 km/h; Rainfall: 452 mm in 36 Hours

14 COASTAL DISTS: Oct 29-30, 1999. Wind Speed: 300 km/h; Rainfall 960 mm in 3 Days

IMPACT 8,495 Lives lost., 2 million Houses & 23,000 Schools damaged ,450,000 cattle dead 1.8 m ha. paddy and 33,000 ha. of non-paddy land affected Loss of 90 million trees Power supply disrupted in 19,062 villages All means of communication paralyzed for few days

No. of Districts affected: 24 No. of Blocks affected: 219 No. of GP affected: 2,757 No. of villages affected: 18,790

National RoadmapNational Roadmap

Change in orientation from the earlier focus on Change in orientation from the earlier focus on response and relief to mitigation, prevention and response and relief to mitigation, prevention and preparedness.preparedness.

A National Roadmap for Disaster Management A National Roadmap for Disaster Management drawn up-covers drawn up-covers institutional mechanisms, institutional mechanisms, mitigation/ prevention measures, mitigation/ prevention measures, legal/policy framework, legal/policy framework, preparedness and response, preparedness and response, early warning systems, early warning systems, human resource development and capacity building.human resource development and capacity building.

Policy and Legal FrameworkPolicy and Legal Framework

Primary objective is to mainstream disaster Primary objective is to mainstream disaster risk reduction into development process. risk reduction into development process.

A National Policy on Disaster Mitigation and A National Policy on Disaster Mitigation and Prevention Prevention

Provinces/States also have DM policies in Provinces/States also have DM policies in place. place.

Legal FrameworkLegal Framework

Disaster management is the primary Disaster management is the primary responsibility of the States/Provincesresponsibility of the States/Provinces

States advised to adopt States advised to adopt Disaster Management Disaster Management ActsActs

Relief Codes being changed into Disaster Relief Codes being changed into Disaster Management Codes by including aspects of Management Codes by including aspects of prevention, reduction and preparedness. States prevention, reduction and preparedness. States have set up committees for the purpose. Model have set up committees for the purpose. Model code being prepared at the Central level for code being prepared at the Central level for circulation. circulation.

Institutional mechanismsInstitutional mechanisms

A National Emergency Management A National Emergency Management Agency [NEMA] being set up at the Agency [NEMA] being set up at the national level and State EMAs in all Statesnational level and State EMAs in all States

Departments of Relief and Rehabilitation in Departments of Relief and Rehabilitation in States to be converted into Departments of States to be converted into Departments of Disaster Management with wider Terms of Disaster Management with wider Terms of Reference to include mitigation and Reference to include mitigation and vulnerability reduction. vulnerability reduction.

FinancingFinancingTerms of Reference of the Twelfth Finance Terms of Reference of the Twelfth Finance Commission changed to mandate that the Finance Commission changed to mandate that the Finance Commission looks at the entire disaster management Commission looks at the entire disaster management cycle and not only relief and rehabilitationcycle and not only relief and rehabilitation

creation of Disaster Mitigation Fund of 2500 million creation of Disaster Mitigation Fund of 2500 million USDUSD

Planning Commission has included a specific chapter Planning Commission has included a specific chapter on Disaster Management in the Tenth Five Year Plan on Disaster Management in the Tenth Five Year Plan document with emphasis on pre-disaster aspects.document with emphasis on pre-disaster aspects.

States advised to draw up plan schemes for Disaster States advised to draw up plan schemes for Disaster Management and include them in State Plans. Management and include them in State Plans.

National Core Groups for Hazard National Core Groups for Hazard Risk ManagementRisk Management

Earthquake Risk MitigationEarthquake Risk Mitigation

Cyclone Risk MitigationCyclone Risk Mitigation

Landslide Risk MitigationLandslide Risk Mitigation

– National Seismic Micro-zonation ProgrammeNational Seismic Micro-zonation Programme– National Decision Support Center [using space inputs]National Decision Support Center [using space inputs]– National Retrofitting Policy/Programme[300 million USD]National Retrofitting Policy/Programme[300 million USD]– National Committee for Building SafetyNational Committee for Building Safety– National Cyclone Risk Mitigation Project[300 million USD]National Cyclone Risk Mitigation Project[300 million USD]– National Fire and Emergency Response ServiceNational Fire and Emergency Response Service

Techno-legal regime and Capacity Techno-legal regime and Capacity building for its compliance building for its compliance

Awareness generation meetings/workshops/visits to educational Awareness generation meetings/workshops/visits to educational institutionsinstitutions

National Programme for Capacity Building in Earthquake Risk MitiNational Programme for Capacity Building in Earthquake Risk Mitigation gation for training of for training of 10,00010,000 engineers— engineers—

Approved and under implementationApproved and under implementation11 National Resource Institutions (NRIs) identified11 National Resource Institutions (NRIs) identifiedState Resource Institutions and Faculty Members being nominated by the State Resource Institutions and Faculty Members being nominated by the State Govts for their training at NRIsState Govts for their training at NRIs

National Programme for Capacity Building of Architects in National Programme for Capacity Building of Architects in earthquake risk management- assistance to States to train earthquake risk management- assistance to States to train 10,00010,000 architects –project under implementation architects –project under implementation

National Programme for Capacity Building of Masons in National Programme for Capacity Building of Masons in Earthquake Risk Mitigation—assistance to States to train Earthquake Risk Mitigation—assistance to States to train 550,0000,000 masons --project to start soon masons --project to start soon

Human Resource DevelopmentHuman Resource DevelopmentTraining in disaster management will be an integral component Training in disaster management will be an integral component of all induction and refresher training programmesof all induction and refresher training programmes

National HRD Plan for DMNational HRD Plan for DM

National Institute of Disaster Management [NIDM] established for National Institute of Disaster Management [NIDM] established for accelerating human resource development in disaster accelerating human resource development in disaster managementmanagement– Training in disaster managementTraining in disaster management– Research and documentationResearch and documentation

NDM Cells established in 29 State ATIs/SIRDsNDM Cells established in 29 State ATIs/SIRDs

Disaster Management made an essential component of initial Disaster Management made an essential component of initial training for All India Services/Civil Servicestraining for All India Services/Civil ServicesDisaster mitigation technologies included in undergraduate Disaster mitigation technologies included in undergraduate engineering and architecture coursesengineering and architecture coursesEmergency health management a part of medical educationEmergency health management a part of medical educationDisaster management in school education [Class V-X]-training of Disaster management in school education [Class V-X]-training of teachers initiated on a large scaleteachers initiated on a large scale

India Disaster Resource NetworkIndia Disaster Resource Network

India Disaster Resource Network (IDRN)India Disaster Resource Network (IDRN) - -Establishment of web-enabled, centralised database Establishment of web-enabled, centralised database for quick access to resources to minimize response for quick access to resources to minimize response time in emergencies [for the disaster managers at time in emergencies [for the disaster managers at district /State / National level] district /State / National level] - inaugurated on 1- inaugurated on 1stst September 2003.September 2003.

65,901 records in 604 districts of 33 States/UTs 65,901 records in 604 districts of 33 States/UTs uploaded.uploaded.

Quarterly update of the inventory-tracking facility Quarterly update of the inventory-tracking facility installed in MHAinstalled in MHA

CommunicationsCommunications

National DM Communication PlanNational DM Communication Plan prepared with triple redundancy prepared with triple redundancy for nearly 100% reliabilityfor nearly 100% reliability

Phase-IPhase-I to provide Satellite-based mobile to provide Satellite-based mobile voice /data /videovoice /data /video communication between National EOC, State EOC, mobile EOC communication between National EOC, State EOC, mobile EOC and remote disaster/ emergency sites under implementation-to be and remote disaster/ emergency sites under implementation-to be ready by August 2004ready by August 2004

Phase-IIPhase-II to connect National EOC/State EOCs/District EOCs to connect National EOC/State EOCs/District EOCs with Disaster/emergency sites by March 2006with Disaster/emergency sites by March 2006

For details please visitFor details please visit

www.ndmindia.nic.inwww.ndmindia.nic.in