A PRESENTATION ON DIETRAY ASSESSMENT OF ADULTS AND ABOVE ADULTS

7/29/2019 A PRESENTATION ON DIETRAY ASSESSMENT OF ADULTS AND ABOVE ADULTS

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Over the past few decades conflicting

principles of healthy eating have been

proposed, generating diverse opinions on

what constitute healthy food choices.Clinicians find their patients informing them

of new diets they would like to try which

may conflict with national guidelines.


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SAKET JAIN


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There is confusion in the general population,

including the medical profession, as to which

dietary components may be most important, and

how to integrate these changes within thepatients current lifestyle.

This confusion has consequences. Clinicians

continue to be the most respected source of

lifestyle modification information and are exposedto 60 to 70 percent of the United States adultpopulation each year.

percent of them felt capable of assuming a major

role in obesity control, but only 36 percent agreedthat they had effective weight-managementpractices.


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YOUR FOOD INTAKE

WEB


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A dietary assessment is a process designed todetermine what kinds of foods a person is

consuming and in what amounts.

This information is combined with the results of

physical evaluations and diagnostic screening tocome up with a complete nutritional assessmentof a patient.

There are a number of dietary assessment methods

that can be used to collect this data. The best isdirect observation, usually only possible in ahospital environment where food intake can beprecisely monitored.


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Patients who agree to being taped can also beassessed outside the hospital, although this canmake the patient self conscious and it may meanthat accurate results are hard to obtain.

Other methods can include keeping a food diary totrack all foods consumed or self-reporting in

interviews with a care provider.

Phone interviews and interviews in a clinic can be

used to solicit information about what people areeating.


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Background: Information on dietary intake providessome of the most valuable insights for mounting

intervention programmes for the prevention of

chronic diseases. With the growing concern about

adolescent overweight, the need to accuratelymeasure diet becomes imperative. Assessmentamong adolescents is problematic as this grouphas irregular eating patterns and they have less

enthusiasm for recording food intake.


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Subjects/Methods

We used qualitative and quantitative techniques amongadolescents to assess their preferences for dietary

assessment methods. Results

Dietary assessment methods using technology, forexample, a personal digital assistant (PDA) or adisposable camera, were preferred over the pen and

paper food record. Conclusions There was a strong preference for using methods that

incorporate technology such as capturing images offood. This suggests that for adolescents, dietary

methods that incorporate technology may improvecooperation and accuracy. Current computingtechnology includes higher resolution images,improved memory capacity and faster processors thatallow small mobile devices to process information notpreviously possible.


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Keywords: dietary assessment, food records, digitalimages.

Introduction Accurate methods and tools to assess food and

nutrient intake are essential in monitoring

nutritional status for epidemiological and clinical

research on the association between diet andhealth. The collection of data on food intake

provides some of the most valuable insights into the

occurrence of disease and subsequent approaches

for mounting intervention programmes forprevention. However, one of the most problematic

groups for the assessment of diet is adolescents


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Food intake in this age group has been evaluatedby a variety of methods including food records(FR), the 24-h dietary recall (24HR) and a foodfrequency questionnaire with external validationby doubly labelled water and urinary nitrogen.

Currently, there are too few validation studies in

adolescents to justify the use of one particularmethod over another for any given study design,and underreporting is well documented.


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Adolescents are the ones most eager in terms of

adopting new technology. Mobile computing devices

such as personal digital assistants (PDAs) and smart

phones with cameras are poised to show theirpotential as a general purpose computing device.

PDAs are ideal as a field data collection device.

In 2004, a survey by Quality Education Data Inc.found that 28% of US school districts offeredhandheld computers for student and teacher use.

Limited diet assessment software applications for

handheld computers are currently available and this

area remains underexplored.


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The enrolled boys and girls lived in a campus

residence hall converted into a metabolic ward fortwo 3-week periods separated by a 1-weekwashout period where the participants returnedto their homes. All meals and snacks wereprovided. Between the time of enrollment in the

study and the final day of the study, the

participants completed six approaches to collecting

dietary information: multipass 24HR, FR (paper and

pencil), PDA with hierarchical menu, PDA withsearch menu, PDA with camera and camera with

notebook.


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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2830089/table/T1/


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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2830089/table/T1/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2830089/table/T2/


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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2830089/table/T2/


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Weighed Food Records


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Weighed Food Records

This involves an individual or an investigator weighing eachand every item of food and drink prior

to consumption. A detailed description of the food and its

weight is recorded in a specially designed booklet.

Weighed food records of 7 days or 4 days were used in theNational Diet and Nutrition Surveys (see

Section 1 of main report). Strengths

Widely used method

Precision of portion sizes

Weaknesses High respondent burden

Mis-reporting

Expensive

Food composition data limited.


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Number of pedometer- assessed steps taken per dayby adults: a descriptive meta- Analysis

Abstract

Background and Purpose: Although a criterionreference of 10,000 steps per day is recommended for

health benefits, a literature search yielded no

normative standard for daily steps. Therefore, a meta-

analysis was used to estimate the number ofpedometer-documented steps that adults take daily.

Methods: Studies were retrieved using electronicdatabases and cross-referencing from retrieved studies.

A random-effects model and 95% confidence intervals(CIs) were used for all analyses of daily step data.

Results:Seventy-one outcomes, representing 6,199subjects from 42 studies, met the inclusion criteria.


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http://www.google.co.in/imgres?q=steps+for+dietary+assessment+methods+for+adults+in+india&start=105&um=1&hl=en&sa=N&tbo=d&biw=1140&bih=435&tbm=isch&tbnid=3Eq4AOcWZ-zlsM:&imgrefurl=http://www.in.tectura.com/tectura-news/newsletter/tectura-india-news-1212.htm&docid=U6jskaHWtvmpFM&imgurl=http://www.in.tectura.com/tectura-news/newsletter/assets/costing-methods-1b.jpg&w=529&h=274&ei=wh8VUfOvA5DrrQfdyoHQAQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=2&vpy=157&dur=4045&hovh=161&hovw=312&tx=172&ty=102&sig=105455693631776925916&page=7&tbnh=128&tbnw=248&ndsp=18&ved=1t:429,r:18,s:100,i:58


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A dietary assessment can be used to explore thepossibility of food allergies, identify nutritional

deficiencies that may be contributing to healthproblems, or narrow down possible causes ofweight loss or gain. At the conclusion of theassessment, a nutritionist, doctor, or dietitian can

review the information and makerecommendations. These can include changingfood intake, adding in more exercise, eliminatingcertain foods, or adding supplements to the diet

to meet nutritional needs.


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Dietary assessments are more valuable whenpatients are honest, accurate, and detailed intheir responses. The more complete the

information, the better the recommendations froma practitioner will be. Patients will be takenthrough a detailed process to learn how to trackand report what they are consuming and some

find it helpful to do things like taking pictures,weighing, or measuring before eating to generateunbiased data.

It's also important to remember that there are no

right or wrong answers on a dietary assessment andthat incomplete information can result in

compromised care.


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A PRESENTATION ON DIETRAY ASSESSMENT OF ADULTS AND ABOVE ADULTS