A policy mix to finance protected areas in Mato Grosso, Brazil: value added from REDD - ISEE 2010

8/7/2019 A policy mix to finance protected areas in Mato Grosso, Brazil: value added from REDD - ISEE 2010

1/18

D snaoey ioz }n lokdkeh srn}he}hm drhdu ok Id}n @rnuun! Brdvoa6 |daxh dmmhm lrni RHMM

Fnn Dkmrdmh4! Sh}hr Idy2 dkm Sdxad Bhrkduenko4

Dbu}rde}

Xkmhr RHMM *Rhmxehm Hiouuonku lrni Mhlnrhu}d}onk dkm Lnrhu} Mh`rdmd}onk/ dkm rhad}hm oko}od}o|hu lnrd|nomhm mhlnrhu}d}onk }n bh mouexuuhm ok Enshkjd`hk ok Mhehibhr 233?! }jh snuuoboao}y jdu nshkhm xs lnrerhd}ok` d uyu}hi nl sdyihk}u du dk okehk}o|h }n adkmnpkhru }n rh}orh adkm }jd} pnxam bh n}jhrpouhmhlnrhu}hm+ Xk}oa kn} un ank` d`n! mhlnrhu}d}onk lnr }jh exa}o|d}onk nl lohamu nr erhd}onk nl sdu}xrhu pdu uhhk dusrn`rhuu! dkm pdu uxbuomovhm ok Brdvoa dkm hauhpjhrh+ Knp ok enk}rdu}! po}j }jh doi nl xkmnok` }jh mdid`h!uxbuomohu drh bhok` unx`j} ok }jh nssnuo}h morhe}onk! }n rhen`kovh }jh bhkhlo}u nl kd}xrhu uhr|oehu! ]jou u}xmyuhhgu }n mhuerobh jnp sn}hk}oda bhkhlo}u lnr uneoda dkm hk|ornkihk}da enkmo}onku ok }jh jxiom Didvnk }rnsoeuio`j} bh eds}xrhm lrni d enibokd}onk nl snaoey oku}rxihk}u xkmhr mh|hansihk} doihm d} enishkud}ok` lnrenkuhr|d}onk nl rhidokok` lnrhu}u }jrnx`j sdyihk}u lnr hk|ornkihk}da uhr|oehu *SHU/+ Usheoloedaay! sdyihk}ulnr RHMM pnxam bh ejdkkhaahm }npdrm }jh hzsdkuonk dkm u}rxe}xrok` nl d u}d}h uyu}hi nl srn}he}hm drhdu ok

Id}n @rnuun! Brdvoa+ ]jou drhd nl Brdvoa ou }jh srokeosda uo}h nl mhlnrhu}d}onk ok }jh Brdvoaodk Didvnk dkm }jhadr`hu} enk}robx}nr }n ànbda mhlnrhu}d}onk dkm EN2 hiouuonku lrni }rnsoeda lnrhu} eahdrok` dkm bxrkok`! ejohlaymxh }n d`roexa}xrda dkm ao|hu}neg hzsdkuonk+ Usheoloedaay! }jh nbfhe}o|h nl }jou eduh u}xmy ou }n h|daxd}h }jhsn}hk}oda lnr mhlnrhu}d}onk rhmxe}onk dkm enishkud}onk nl ah`da rhuhr|hu ok khp srn}he}hm drhdu xkmhrsrnsnuhm u}d}h henanòeda)henknioe vnkok`+ ]jou ok|na|hu hu}oid}ok` }jh sn}hk}oda lnr RHMM }n enk}robx}h}npdrm oisahihk}d}onk dkm enkunaomd}onk nl srn}he}hm drhdu! dkm }jh sn}hk}oda enk}robx}onk nl enishkud}onk }nsrnshr}y ro`j}u rh`xadrovd}onk ok srn}he}hm drhdu+ Du d eduh u}xmy ok }jh mh|hansihk} dkm dssrdouda nlsn}hk}oda bhkhlo}u lrni }jou enibokd}onk nl snaoey oku}rxihk}u! }jh u}xmy poaa khehuudroay jo`jao`j} }jh snao}oedadkm henknioe lnrehu pjoej ihmod}h snaoey hllhe}o|hkhuu ok }jou enisahz drhkd+ O} poaa daun ujnp jnphenanòeda henknioeu edk enk}robx}h }n }jh ok}h rd}onk nl bonsjyuoeda dkm uneonhenknioe oklnrid}onk! }nomhk}oly sronro}y drhdu lnr ok|hu}ihk}+ ]jh omhd nl SHU jdu eds}xrhm }jh d}}hk}onk nl idky pjn drh anngok` lnrun)edaahm pok)pok u}rd}hòhu lnr rhunxreh enkuhr|d}onk! ok pjoej }jh enu}u nl adkm rh}orhihk} nr srhuhr|d}onk

drh bnrkh by mnpku}rhdi bhkhloeodrohu! pjn morhe}ay nr okmorhe}ay enishkud}h }jnuh pjn jd|h dmns}hm inrhdssrnsrod}h adkm xuh srde}oehu+ Uxej u}rd}hòhu drh kn} po}jnx} srnbahiu! bx} du henknioe oku}rxihk}u }jhyidy bh inrh enu})hllhe}o|h }jdk inrh `hkhrdaovhm Eniidkm dkm Enk}rna ihduxrhu+

Ghypnrmu6 bonmo|hruo}y |daxd}onk! henanòeda henknioe vnkok`! d|nomhm mhlnrhu}d}onk! edrbnk }rdmh! sdyihk}lnr hk|ornkihk}da uhr|oehu

4 Oku}o}x}n Ehk}rn mh \omd *OE\/! Exodb! Id}n @rnuun! Brdvoa+2 Mhsdr}ihk} nl Mh|hansihk}! D`roexa}xrh dkm Uneoh}y *MMDU/! Lhmhrda Rxrda Xko|hruo}y nl Ron mh Fdkhorn! Brdvoa+

4


2/18

Sdr} 4 BDEG@RNXKM

4+4 ) Ejdrde}hrovd}onk nl }jh U}d}h dkm rhah|dkeh nl d`roexa}xrda hzsdkuonk

]jh U}d}h nl Id}n @rnuun *I]/! aned}hm ok }jh ehk}rda)phu}rhònk nl Brdvoa! neexsohu dk drhd nl ?35!580+?4 gi *OB@H!2334/+ O} ou }jh }jorm adr`hu} u}d}h ok }jh Brdvoaodk lhmhrd}onk!`rhd}hr ok uxrldeh drhd }jdk Usdok dkm @hridky enibokhm+ Duo} aohu ok }jh `hn rdsjoe ehk}rh nl }jh Unx}j Dihroedkenk}okhk}! htxomou}dk} lrni }jh Sdeoloe dkm D}adk}oe endu}aokhudkm bhynkm }jh rnx}hu nl Hxrnshdk enankovd}onk *ud|h lnrunih ioknr `nam dkm modinkm iokok`/! o} ou d u}d}h nl rhad}o|hayrhehk} lrnk}ohr neexsd}onk+ ]jou ounad}onk hkdbahm o} }n rh}dokxk}nxejhm okmo`hknxu }hrro}nrohu! ud|dkkdu dkm lnrhu}u xs xk}oa}jh iom) 23}j ehk}xry+

Bhòkkok` ok }jh 4?03u! }jrnx`j kd}onkda ok}h`rd}onksnaoeohu srnin}hm by }jh }jhk ioao}dry rh oih! }jh U}d}h nlId}n @rnuun rheho|hm d uxbu}dk}oda lanp nl lokdkeoda rhunxrehulnr oklrdu}rxe}xrh mh|hansihk}+ Kxihrnxu enankou}u drro|hmlrni }rdmo}onkda d roexa}xrda adkmu ok unx}jhrk Brdvoa! dmo|hruolohm iduu nl uidaa! ihmoxi dkm adr`h adkmnpkhru

hk}oehm by d sdegd`h nl loueda snaoeohu dkm erhmo} }jd} u}oixad}hm ok}hkuo|h xuh nl d`roexa}xrda oksx}u dank`@rhhk Rh|nax}onk aokhu+ ]jh rhònk nllhrhm enisdrd}o|h kd}xrda rhunxreh dm|dk}d`hu n|hr n}jhru ok Brdvoa ok}hriu nl d`roexa}xrh! uokeh o} snuuhuuhu d }rnsoeda eaoid}h! uinn}j }hrrdok dkm rh`xadr rdokldaa sd}}hrkuld|nrdbah }n adr h)uedah srnmxe}onk+ O} edk bh enkeaxmhm }jd} }jh sxbaoe u}oixaxu snaoeohu dkm kd}xrdaejdrde}hrou}oeu nl }jh rhònk phrh rhusnkuobah lnr Id}n @rnuunu rhehos} nl uo`koloedk} sxbaoe dkm ad}hr sro|d}h

ok|hu}ihk}u }jd} shrio}}hm o} }n bhenih d idfnr snah nl d`roexa}xrda eniinmo}y hzsdkuonk+ Du ]dbah 4 ujnpu!}jh d`roexa}xrda drhd nl Id}n @rnuun knp en|hru khdray ::!333 gi2! eanuh }n 20( nl }jh }n}da drhd mhlnrhu}hmlnr d`roexa}xrda dkm ao|hu}neg srnmxe}onk! pjoah rdkejok` neexsohu dbnx} 255!333 gi2! enrrhusnkmok` }n 05( nl}jh rhidokok` nshkhm drhd+

]dbah 4 ) D`roexa}xrda dkm ao|hu}neg adkm xuh ok drhdu nl lnrhu} dkm ehrrdmn *d }rnsoeda ud|dkkd henrhònk/ nlId}n @rnuun! 233Unxrehu6Ids nl d`roexa}xrda drhd nl Id}n @rnuun . @hnud}! ehmhm by }jh @n|hrkihk} nl }jh U}d}h nl Id}n @rnuun7UHID)I] *mhlnrhu}d}onk xs }n 233=)38/7 Srnmhu. OKSH *mhaoio}d}onk nl lnrhu} drhd! mhlnrhu}d}onk ok lnrhu} drhdu ok 2338)3


3/18

D} }jh udih }oih! }jh ed}}ah jhrm hzsdkmhm lrni ? }n khdray 20 ioaaonk jhdm bh}phhk 4??3 dkm 2338!idok}dokok` dk dkkxda `rnp}j rd}h d|hrd`ok` dssrnzoid}hay 0+8( n|hr }jh hk}orh shronm! du ujnpk ok Lo`xrh 2+]n edaexad}h }jh drhd ok|na|hm ok }jou hzsdkuonk! ph rhay nk dk d|hrd`h u}negok` rd}h nl 4 jhdm.jhe}drh! pjoejpnxam deenxk} lnr 2


4/18

]jh mhlnrhu}d}onk mykdioe ou u}rnk`ay mhshkmhk} nk }jh sn}hk}oda rh}xrku lrni d`roexa}xrda adkm xuh*Idr`xaou 2335/+ Dkkxda mhlnrhu}d}onk rd}hu jd|h laxe}xd}hm ok u}rnk` enrrhad}onk po}j sroehu nl srokeosdad`roexa}xrda dkm ao|hu}neg eniinmo}ohu *bhhl dkm unybhdku/ *Bdrrh}n! 2330/+ ]jh shdg sroehu nl unybhdku ok}jh shronm 2334)233= lnr hzdisah! phrh deenisdkohm by dk okerhduh ok }jh sadk}hm drhd lrni 54 333 }n 82333 gi2! d


5/18

]dbah 2 ) Uhr|oehu dkm hk|ornkihk}da lxke}onku srn|omhm by lnrhu}u

Uhr|oeh dkm hk|ornkihk}da lxke}onk nl }jh lnrhu} Hzdisahu

Eaoid}h rh`xad}onk }jrnx`j u}nrd`h dkm uhtxhu}rd}onk nlEdrbnk

Dihaonrd}h }jh lde}nru }jd} okerhduh uxrldeh }hishrd}xrhedxuhm by }jh `rhhkjnxuh hllhe}

Pd}hr rhunxreh rh`xad}onk }jrnx`j lanp enk}rna Rhmxehu shdg lanpu ok lannm dkm mrnx`j} shronmu

Pd}hr uxssay }jrnx`j u}nrd`h dkm rh}hk}onk nl pd}hrmxrok` }jh mry uhdunk

Rhmxehu }jh roug nl adeg nl pd}hr mxrok` }jh ank` mryuhdunk

Enk}rna nl hrnuonk dkm uhmoihk}d}onk nl ro|hru }jrnx`junoa rh}hk}onk

D|nomu loaaok` nl ro|hru dkm anuu nl unoa kx}rohk}u edrrohm byrdokldaa

Rhuhdrej dkm hzsano}d}onk nl `hkh}oe rhunxrehu duuxrhmby idok}hkdkeh nl `hkh}oe mo|hruo}y

Ihmoeokda srnmxe}u! `hkh}oe id}hroda lnr xuh ok d`roexa}xrh

Enk}robx}h }n `rnp}j nl dk hz}rde}o|ou} henkniy bduhmnk srnmxe}onk nl pnnm dkm knk)}oibhr lnrhu} srnmxe}u

Idmhord! bnrrdejd kd}xrda! uhihk}hu sdrd ldbroedn mhdmnrknu! lrx}nu! edu}dkjdu! h}e+

Nssnr}xko}ohu lnr rherhd}onkda dkm ahouxrh xuh Hen}nxroui! dm|hk}xrh usnr}u! nbuhr|d}onk nl ldxkd dkmlanrd! h}e+

Unxreh6 OE\! dmds}hm lrni Enu}dkvd h} da! 4??0

D`rn)sdu}nrda hzsdkuonk ahdmu }n d anuu ok hk|ornkihk}da uhr|oehu lxrkoujhm by kd}o|h |h`h}d}o|hen|hr7 sdu}xrhu dkm ernsu sadk}hm dl}hr lnrhu} eahdrok` rhusorh ahuu pd}hr bdeg }n }jh d}inusjhrh dkm dbunrbahuu unadr hkhr`y! fnok}ay hllhe}ok` d rhmxe}onk ok rdokldaa dkm dk okerhduh ok }hishrd}xrh ok }jh Didvnk rhònk+Sjoaos Lhdrkuomh nl }jh Kd}onkda Oku}o}x}h nl Didvnk Rhuhdrej *Lhdrkuomh! 233:/ snuo}u }jd} }jou anòe nl adkmneexsd}onk duuneod}hm po}j mhlnrhu}d}onk deehahrd}hu }jh srnehuu nl enk|hruonk nl }jh Didvnk rdoklnrhu} ok}nud|dkkdu! dkm bhuomhu da}hrok` enk}okhk}da rdoklnrhu} sd}}hrku! rhuxa}u ok d shrsh}xd}onk nl kd}xrda bxrkok`!pjoej enk}okxhu }n uxssrhuu lnrhu} rhfx|hkd}onk+ Lnrhu} lorhu! bhuomhu srn|ngok` dk okerhduh ok `rhhkjnxuh`du hiouuonku! `hkhrd}h d adr`h |naxih nl sdr}oexad}h id}}hr dkm hzsnr} kx}rohk}u lrni d`rn)henuyu}hiu+ ]jd}ou! bhuomhu }jh anuu nl lnrhu} rhad}hm hk|ornkihk}da uhr|oehu! }jou ok}hrenkkhe}hm uhrohu nl srnehuuhu edksrn|ngh dk okerhduh ok lnrhu} lorhu! d``rd|d}ok` }jh rougu nl `rhhkjnxuh pdriok`! dkm rhuxa}ok` ok inrh rdsom

unoa mh`rdmd}onk+

4+= Srn}he}hm Drhdu lnr Idok}hkdkeh nl Hk|ornkihk}da Uhr|oehu

]jh Brdvoaodk `n|hrkihk} ou d uo`kd}nry nl }jh XK Enk|hk}onk nk Bonanòeda Mo|hruo}y *EMB/ pjoej jdudu o}u }dr`h} d} ahdu} 53( nl }jh Didvnk dkm 43( nl n}jhr bonihu hllhe}o|hay enkuhr|hm ok srn}he}hm drhdupo}jok }jh Kd}onkda Uyu}hi nl Enkuhr|d}onk Xko}u *UKXE/+ O} daun eniio}}hm o}uhal }n `xdrdk}hh }jh srn}he}onknl bonmo|hruo}y ok d} ahdu} }pn)}jormu nl Sronro}y Drhdu lnr Mo|hruo}y }jrnx`j d enibokd}onk nl drhdu srn}he}hmpo}jok }jh UKXE! du phaa du }jnuh ayok` po}jok Okmo hknxu Adkmu dkm ]hrro}nrohu nl Lnrihr Uad|hEniixko}ohu *Txoanibnadu/ *IID! 2330/+

Du sdr} nl }jou eniio}ihk} }jh kd}onkda Srnfhe} lnr Enkuhr|d}onk dkm Uxu}dokdbah Xuh nl Bonmo|hruo}y*Srnbon/ idsshm *mxrok` 4??0)2333!dkm rh|ouhm ok 2338/! }jh Sronro}y Drhdu lnr Bonmo|hruo}y ok Brdvoa lnaanpokèro}hrod nl bonanòeda roejkhuu! |xakhrdboao}y dkm oisnr}dkeh lnr }rdmo}onkda eniixko}ohu dkm okmo`hknxushnsahu+

]jhuh mh}hriokd}onku phrh rhoklnrehm by }jh erhd}onk nl khp srn}he}hm drhdu ok Brdvoa mxrok` }jh Axaddmiokou}rd}onk! pjoej okerhduhm }jh drhd po}jok Didvnkod'u ok}h`rdaay srn}he}hm drhdu lrni 0+< }n 43(+Srn}he}hm knk)xuh drhdu *sdrgu! bonanòeda rhuhr|hu dkm henanòeda u}d}onku/ en|hrhm d }n}da nl khdray 43( nl}jh Ah`da Didvnk by }jh hkm nl 2330 *khdray 83 ioaaonk jd/! nl pjoej n|hr nkh)}jorm jdu bhhk srn}he}hm by}jh Axad dmiokou}rd}onk uokeh 2332+ ]jh enkuhr|d}onk nl uxej drhdu rhsrhuhk}u dk okmoed}onk nl }jh sronro}y nlhu}dbaoujok` aoio}u }n `rnp}j nl }jh uedah nl jxidk neexsd}onk ok kd}xrda bonihu! d unxreh nl hk|ornkihk}dauhr|oehu nl ànbda oisnr}dkeh+

Sdrdmnzoedaay! }jh nkay uo`koloedk} unxreh nl lxkmok` lnr srn}he}hm drhd sadkkok`! adkm detxouo}onk dkmldeoao}ohu ok|hu}ihk} ou srheouhay }jh oisahihk}d}onk nl idfnr sxbaoe dkm sro|d}h mh|hansihk} srnfhe}u! pjnuh

8


6/18

aned}onk khdr srn}he}hm drhdu ou aoghay }n xkmhriokh }jh sn}hk}oda lnr bonmo|hruo}y enkuhr|d}onk+ Dr}oeah 5< nl }jhUKXE srn|omhu lnr enishkud}onk by mh|hanshru nl }jh xkio}o`d}hm oisde}u nl uxej srnfhe}u nk bonmo|hruo}y!po}j d sronro}y lnr ok|hu}ihk} ok okmorhe} xuh drhdu+ ]jou srn|ouonk hu}dbaoujhu d shr|hruh okehk}o|h }n d}}rde}mh|hansihk} srnfhe}u ok }jh jnsh }jd} by un mnok`! srn}he}hm drhdu idy bh bh}}hr srhuhr|hm+

Nkh nl }jh inu} oisnr}dk} dr`xihk}u nl }jh U}d}h lnr d|nomok` }jh erhd}onk nl khp srn}he}hm drhdu ou

}jh jo`j enu}+ ]jhuh enu}u drh jo`j sroidroay pjhk nkh enkuomhru }jh shrhkkodaay uedreh sxbaoe lokdkeok`d|doadbah ok hk|ornkihk}da bxm`h}u d} pjd}h|hr uedah6 ixkoeosda! u}d}h nr lhmhrda *_nxk` , Rnkeou|dah! 2332/+

Po}jok }jh Didvnk rh`onk! }jh U}d}h nl Id}n @rnuun jdu }jh uidaahu} srnsnr}onk nl o}u }n}da drhdsrn}he}hm+ Pjoah Sdr! Rnkmkod dkm Derh jnam lrni 2< }n 55( nl }jhor }hrro}nry ok srn}he}hm drhdu! Id}n@rnuun enxk}u nkay =(+ ]jhuh srn}he}hm drhdu *okeaxmok` bn}j enkuhr|d}onk xko}u dkm Okmodk Adkmu/ en|hr d}n}da drhd nl 403 333 gi2 ok Id}n @rnuun+ Bhuomhu }jhor bonan`oeda dkm exa}xrda rhah|dkeh }jhuh drhdu jd|hhllhe}o|hay enk}dokhm }jh dm|dkeh nl mhlnrhu}d}onk ok }jh U}d}h+ Du edk bh nbuhr|hm ok ]dbah 5! }jhenkuhr|d}onk xko}u *8(/ dkm Okmodk adkmu *=(/ phrh mhlnrhu}hm d} d ixej anphr rd}h }jdk phrh sro|d}hsrnshr}ohu *==(/+ O} ou daun pnr}j kn}ok` }jd} Hk|ornkihk}da Srn}he}onk Drhdu *DSDu/! nkh nl }jh }yshu nlsrn}he}hm drhdu mhlokhm by }jh UKXE! nllhr ao}}ah ah`da rhu}roe}onk }n mhlnrhu}d}onk *dkm pjd} ao}}ah ou dllnrmhm ousnnray nbuhr|hm/ nx}uomh nl ok}h`rdaay srn}he}hm drhdu+ Nl }jh 4


7/18

Lnr Sdònad h} da*2338/! SHU enkuou}u nl }jh udah nl uhr|oehu srn|omhm by lnrhu}u! bh }jhy sxbaoe nrsro|d}h+ SHU jdu du o}u lxkmdihk}da srokeosda enishkud}onk nl }jh srn|omhr nl dk hk|ornkihk}da uhr|oeh lnr }jhbhkhlo} lxrkoujhm }n d }jorm sdr}y nr d enaahe}o|o}y+ O} ou }jh srn|omhr)rheho|hr srokeosda7 }jd} ou! jh pjn nllhru dkhk|ornkihk}da uhr|oeh! `hkhrd}ok` bhkhlo}u }n uneoh}y jdu }jh ro`j} }n bh enishkud}hm lnr kn} xuok` }jh adkmlnr d sxrsnuh n}jhr }jdk lnr idok}dokok` nr rhu}nrok` }jh lnrhu}+ ]jh omhd ou }n in}o|d}h }jh srnsroh}nr nl adkm!

*bh o} sxbaoe nr sro|d}h/ }n okeaxmh hk|ornkihk}da uhr|oehu ok }jhor mheouonk idgok` rh`drmok` adkm xuh! idgokènkuhr|d}onk d lokdkeodaay inrh d}}rde}o|h ns}onk+ ]jh nbfhe}o|h nl SHU ou kn} }n uxbu}o}x}h lnr srnmxe}o|hde}o|o}ohu! bx} }n in}o|d}h enkuhr|d}onkou} srde}oehu enkenio}dk}ay po}j n}jhr adkm xuhu+ O} ou rhad}hm }n dmh|hansihk} sadk bduhm nk enkuhr|d}onk! nk okenih hkhrd}onk dkm nk lxrkoujok` hk|ornkihk}da uhr|oehu+

]jh SHU enkehs} okkn|d}hu po}j }jh omhd }jd} bhkhloeodrohu nl hk|ornkihk}da uhr|oehu ujnxam idghmorhe} sdyihk}u! xkmhr enk}rde}! enkmo}onkhm by uhr|oehu bhok` hllhe}o|hay mhao|hrhm! by rxrda srnmxehru nrn}jhr jnamhru nl }jh ihdku nl srn|ouonk nl hk|ornkihk}da uhr|oehu *rxrda eniixko}ohu! ixkoeosda `n|hrkihk}u!enkuhr|d}onk xko}u! h}e+/! lnr pjoej }jhy dmns} srde}oehu }jd} `xdrdk}hh }jh enkuhr|d}onk dkm.nr rhu}nrd}onk nl}jh henuyu}hiu ok txhu}onk *PXKMHR! 2338/+ ]jou shrushe}o|h duuxihu }jd} }jhrh hzou}u d }rdmh)nll bh}phhkmollhrhk} adkm xuhu dkm uhhgu }n bdadkeh enklaoe}ok` ok}hrhu}u }jrnx`j enishkud}nry uejhihu+ ]jnuh pjnrheho|h sdyihk} ujnxam bh }jnuh pjn drh srn|hk uhr|oeh srn|omhru+

]jhrh ou ok rhdao}y d ixej brndmhr ushe}rxi nl SHU drrdk`hihk}u nk }roda }jrnx`jnx} }jh pnram }nmdy*Adkmhaa)Ioaau , Snrrdu! 2332/+ Ok d kxibhr nl eduhu *uhh }jh EHHEHE eduh u}xmy nk SHU ok Okmod/! uejhihudrh oisahihk}hm bduhm nk ujdrhm bhaohl }jd} }jh srnsnuhm adkm xuh *lnr hzdisah! d lnrhu}hm pd}hrujhm/pnxam bh inrh dssrnsrod}h }jdk dkn}jhr *h+`+! d mh`rdmhm sdu}xrh/ }n bhu} rhusnkm }n uneoh}yu ok}hrhu}u+

]jh |naxk}dry kd}xrh nl sdr}oeosd}onk! ejdrde}hrou}oe nl }jou henknioe oku}rxihk}! ou dkn}jhr lhd}xrh }jd}enk}rdu}u SHU }n idkmd}nry Eniidkm dkm Enk}rna ihduxrhu+ O} srhuxssnuhu }jd} }jh sn}hk}oda uhr|oehsrn|omhr jdu n}jhr ns}onku lnr xuok` jhr adkm! bhuomhu enkuhr|d}onk+ O} ou khehuudry }jd} }jhrh daun bh d eahdrmhloko}onk nl }jh hk|ornkihk}da uhr|oeh }jd} ou bhok` srn|omhm+ ]jh anphr }jh ehr}dok}y ok rhad}onk }n }jh uhr|oehumhao|hrhm! }jh `rhd}hr }jh snuuoboao}y nl txhu}onkok` }jh dm|dk}d`hu nl sdyok` lnr }jhi+ O} daun ou eahdr }jd} ph

drh jdkmaok` }jh }rdkulhr nl rhunxrehu lrni d bxyhr }n d uhaahr7 rhunxrehu }jd} pnxam nkay bh sdom lnr un ank`du }jh uhr|oehu drh mhao|hrhm dkm du ank` du }jh sdyihk}u adu} *nr ok deenrmdkeh po}j }jh enk}rde}xda }hriu/+

Dk oisnr}dk} enk}robx}onk nl henanòeda henknioeu }n }jh enkehs}xdaoud}onk nl hk|ornkihk}da uhr|oehu ouduuneod}hm po}j }jh mh`rdmd}onk nl kd}xrda edso}da u}negu+ ]jh oisnr}dkeh nl d rhmxe}onk ok }jh edsdeo}y }nlxrkouj uhr|oehu jou}nroedaay huuhk}oda }n uneoh}y ou hibnmohm ok }jh enkehs} nl ero}oeda kd}xrda edso}da! pjoejrhen`kouhu }jh khehuuo}y }n idok}dok henuyu}hiu pjnuh uhr|oehu drh huuhk}oda }n aolh+ ]jh shrehs}onk dkmsnu}hronr mhloko}onk nl }jh iokoixi }nahrdbah aoio}u }n jxidk neexsd}onk nl kd}xrda henuyu}hiu ou lrhtxhk}aynkay snuuobah }jrnx`j srnehuuhu nl snao}oeda kh`n}od}onk duuneod}hm po}j }jh srhedx}onkdry srokeosah+

Henknioe oku}rxihk}u bduhm nk SHU poaa kn} uxbu}o}x}h lnr Eniidkm dkm Enk}rna oku}rxihk}u uokehdssaoed}onk nl SHU rhtxorhu d ah`da lrdihpnrg }n mhaoio} }jh henknioe de}o|o}ohu ok|na|hm+ Nk }jh enk}rdry!

enisahihk}dro}y ujnxam bh unx`j} bh}phhk }jh }pn }yshu nl oku}rxihk}u! uhhgok` }n rhdej }jh nbfhe}o|hu nlsxbaoe snaoey d} ahdu} enu} }n uneoh}y+ ]jh nshrd}onkdaoud}onk nl dky SHU oku}rxihk} rhtxorhu bdr`dokok`bh}phhk sxbaoe dkm sro|d}h oku}o}x}onku }n hu}dbaouj d idrgh} lnr hk|ornkihk}da uhr|oeh enishkud}onk ok eanuhdr}oexad}onk po}j srh)hzou}ok` Eniidkm dkm Enk}rna oku}rxihk}u+

Lnr hzdisah! ok Brdvoa! }jh Lnrhu} Enmh mhlokhu }jh aoio}u }n }jh hzsdkuonk nl mhlnrhu}d}onk nk sro|d}hadkmu ok }jh Didvnk }jou aoio} ou 23( nl d ò|hk srnshr}y+ Po}jnx} uxej d ah`da aoio}d}onk! srnsnudau }nrhu}roe} oaah`da mhlnrhu}d}onk }jrnx`j enishkud}nry ihduxrhu adeg }hh}j+ Jhkeh! nkh nl }jh inu} pomhaymouexuuhm hk|ornkihk}da snaoey srnsnudau lnr }jh Didvnk ou }jd} nl enibokok` hk|ornkihk}da uhr|oehsdyihk}u po}j Eniidkm dkm Enk}rna ihejdkouiu+

0


8/18

4+< ) Rhmxe}onk nl Hiouuonku lrni Mhlnrhu}d}onk dkm Lnrhu} Mh`rdmd}onk *RHMM/

Sdyihk} lnr u}nrd`h nl edrbnk ok }rnsoeda lnrhu}u! mhkniokd}hm d|nomhm mhlnrhu}d}onk! jdu enih }nbh mouexuuhm du d ihdku }n idgh snuuobah d rdsom rhmxe}onk ok mhlnrhu}d}onk)rhad}hm hiouuonku *Udk}oaao h} da+2338! Ejnio}v h} da+ 2330/+ ]jou srnsnuhm ihejdkoui }n duuxrh lokdkeoda enishkud}onk lnr rhmxeok`mhlnrhu}d}onk ok mh|hansok` enxk}rohu jdu bhhk ò|hk }jh dernkyi RHMM *Rhmxehm Hiouuonku lrni

Mhlnrhu}d}onk dkm Lnrhu} Mh`rdmd}onk/+

D} d ànbda ah|ha! mhlnrhu}d}onk ou enkuomhrhm }n rhsrhuhk} du ixej du 23( nl `rhhkjnxuh `duhiouuonku+ Mhlnrhu}d}onk dkm adkm xuh ejdk`h)rhad}hm hiouuonku ok Brdvoa *}jh ad}}hr daun gknpk du AXAXEL6Adkm Xuh! Adkm Xuh Ejdk`h dkm Lnrhu}u! bx} du inu} uxej hiouuonku drh duuneod}hm po}j mhlnrhu}d}onk! }jhy}hkm }n bh enklad}hm/ jd|h bhhk hu}oid}hm inu} rhehk}ay du 8=( nl }n}da `rhhkjnxuh `du hiouuonku ok EN2htxo|dahk} ihduxrhu+ ]jh `rhd}hr rhad}o|h oisnr}dkeh nl uxej hiouuonku enisdrhm }n inu} n}jhr kd}onku*]dbah =/ oisaohu }jd} lnr Brdvoa }n rhusnkm }n o}u rnah du d uo`kd}nry nl }jh Eaoid}h Ejdk`h Enk|hk}onk o} ixu}lokm unih pdy }n rhmxeh }jhuh hiouuonku+ D srnsnuda lnr vhrn mhlnrhu}d}onk drnuh lrni ahdmok` K@Nu! pjnidmh d sde} ok }jd} morhe}onk po}j adkm xuhru dkm rhònkda `n|hrkihk}u ok }jh Didvnk ok 233:+ Da}jnx`j }jhLhmhrda `n|hrkihk} jdm kn} srh|onxuay dr}oexad}hm d mhlnrhu}d}onk }dr`h}! xkmhr }jh Kd}onkda Eaoid}h Ejdk`hSadk srnixa`d}hm ok 233? o} rhuna|hm }n rhmxeh o}u hiouuonku duuneod}hm po}j mhlnrhu}d}onk ok }jh Didvnk+ by:3( by 2323+

]jhrh ou darhdmy d mh lde}n idrgh} lnr edrbnk du dk hk|ornkihk}da eniinmo}y! du dk nllujnn} nl }jhun)edaahm lahzoboao}y ihejdkouiu nl }jh Eaoid}h Ejdk`h Enk|hk}onk+ ]jh idrgh} |daxh nl edrbnk drouok` lrni}jhuh ihejdkouiu jdu laxe}xd}hm dkm |drohu bh}phhk }jd} kh`n}od}hm dink` de}nru duuneod}hm po}j }jhHxrnshdk Hiouuonku ]rdmok` Uejhih dkm oklnrida idrgh}u }jd} jd|h hihr`hm }n eds}xrh d rdk`h nl mollhrhk}|daxhu duuneod}hm po}j hiouuonku rhmxe}onk! okeaxmok` d|nomdkeh nl mhlnrhu}d}onk+ Lnr d kxibhr nl rhdunku!idok}hkdkeh nl lnrhu} edrbnk u}negu pdu kn} dllnrmhm lnrida u}d}xu ok }jh Gyn}n Srn}nena ihejdkouiu+ Nkaylnrhu} rhu}nrd}onk nr dllnrhu}d}onk *enk|hruonk nl bdrh nr exa}o|d}hm adkm ok}n lnrhu}/ ou haoòbah lnr erhmo}ok` |od}jh Eahdk Mh|hansihk} Ihejdkoui *EMI/+ Lnaanpok` mhbd}hu d} }jh Enklhrhkeh nl }jh Sdr}ohu }n }jh Eaoid}hEnk|hk}onk ok Bdao! Okmnkhuod ok 2330 *ENS 45/ }jd} rhuxa}hm ok mhloko}onk nl ànbda snaoeohu lnr enibd}ok`

`rhhkjnxuh pdriok` snu})Gyn}n! }jh shrushe}o|h }jd} sdr}ohu io`j} rheho|h enishkud}onk lnr }jhor `nnm ldo}jhllnr}u }n rhmxeh mhlnrhu}d}onk bhedih inrh }dkòbah+ Ol }jou phrh }n bh }jh eduh! o} pnxam bh khehuudry }nok}h`rd}h RHMM po}j uhe}nrda snaoeohu }npdrm adkm xuh dkm rhònkda mh|hansihk} dkm kn} unahay de}onku d} }jhah|ha nl srnshr}ohu nr srnfhe}u du lnrhuhhk ok }jh EMI+

@rnpok` enkehrk po}j }jh hllhe}u nl edrbnk hiouuonku nk ànbda pdriok` jdu khehuuo}d}hm }jh erhd}onknl oku}rxihk}u }jd} edk rh|hr} mhlnrhu}d}onk dkm nllhr henknioe nssnr}xko}ohu lnr }jnuh pjn idok}dok lnrhu}uok}de}+ Hllhe}o|h uyu}hiu nl srnshr}y rhòu}ry! }hkxrh rh`xadrovd}onk! dkm oisahihk}d}onk nl adkm xuh inko}nrok`du phaa du }jh rhu}nrd}onk nl hk|ornkihk}da aodboao}ohu *drhdu eahdrhm bhynkm ah`da aoio}u/! drh }jhrhlnrh daasrhrhtxouo}hu }n hkdbaok` RHMM srnfhe}u+ D RHMM ihejdkoui enxam hkenxrd`h }jh ok}hkuoloed}onk nld`roexa}xrda srnmxe}onk uyu}hiu pjoah idgok` }jh U}d}hu inko}nrok` nl oaah`da mhlnrhu}d}onk inrh hlloeohk}+]jhrh drh darhdmy snaoeohu dkm ihejdkouiu ok hzou}hkeh ok Id}n @rnuun }jd} enxam jd|h RHMM du dk

oisnr}dk} enisahihk}dry ihejdkoui lnr `rhd}hr enk}rna n|hr oaah`da mhlnrhu}d}onk ok }jh Didvnk *Ioena!Dkmrdmh h Bnkkhr! 233:/++

:


9/18

]dbah =+ @rhhkjnxuh `du *@J@/ hiouuonku! 43 jo`jhu} hio}}ok` enxk}rohu7 AXAXEL hiouuonku dkm dmfxu}hm }n}da hiouuonku! by rdkg+

]n}da @J@ Hiouuonku ok2338 *hzeaxmok` AXAXEL/ *4/

AXAXEL ]n}da Hu}oid}hm Hiouuonku*okeaxmok` AXAXEL/Dkkxda D|hrd`h

2333)2338 *2/Ujdrh

AXAXEL

I}EN2h

Rdkg I}EN2 I}EN2h Rdkg (

XUD 0!24?+2 4 )5Rxuuodk Lhmhrd}onk 4!?


10/18

4+0 ) Sxbaoe Snaoey Ihejdkouiu6 oku}o}x}onkda okkn|d}onku }n u}rhk`}jhk enkuhr|d}onk dkm enk}rna n|hrmhlnrhu}d}onk ok Id}n @rnuun

]jh 4?:: Brdvoaodk Enku}o}x}onk lnrhuhhu d rhad}o|h }rdkulhr nl snphr lrni }jh lhmhrd}onk }n }jh u}d}hudkm ixkoeosdao}ohu dkm }n eo|oa uneoh}y+ Mhehk}rdaovd}onk nl hk|ornkihk}da snaoey ou daun sdr} nl }jou srnehuu dkmda}jnx`j po}j unih mhady! snphru }n ahòuad}h dkm idkd`h hk|ornkihk}da lxke}onku jd|h bhhk mh|na|hm }n

}jh u}d}h dkm aneda ah|ha }n bh}}hr rhlahe} rhònkda mo|hruo}y+ ]jh U}d}h nl Id}n @rnuun pdu }jh loru} ok }jhDidvnk rhònk }n idgh }jh loru} u}hsu }npdrm hk|ornkihk}da mhehk}rdaovd}onk+ Ok 4??8! }jh U}d}h `n|hrkihk}dssrn|hm o}u hk|ornkihk}da snaoey! dkm oko}od}hm d uhrohu nl sxbaoe snaoey okkn|d}onku }jd} bh`dk }n }dgh ujdshlrni }jh yhdr 2333+

]jou mnhu kn} uo`koly }jd} }jh hk|ornkihk}da txhu}onk jdu bhhk rhuna|hm! du ldr du mhlnrhu}d}onk ouenkehrkhm+ Ldr lrni o}6 mhuso}h okkn|d}onku }jd} idgh o} snuuobah }n udy }jd} }jh U}d}h ou ok }jh |dk`xdrm! }jhdkkxda rd}hu nl mhlnrhu}d}onk enk}okxh }n laxe}xd}h uo`koloedk}ay dkm o} ou u}oaa }nn hdray }n bh dbah }n udy }jd}}jhrh ou d enrrhad}onk bh}phhk u}rnk`hr hllnr}u d} Eniidkm dkm Enk}rna dkm rhmxehm mhlnrhu}d}onk+ Ok idkyeduhu `nnm ahòuad}onk jdu bhhk hkde}hm! bx} po}j d adeg nl enisahihk}dry rhunxrehu! bh }jhy }hejknanòeda!lokdkeoda nr jxidk! drh kn} yh} lxaay hllhe}o|h+ Ok }jou uhkuh! }jh rnah nl nr`dkovhm eo|oa uneoh}y! de}ok` }jrnx`jokmhshkmhk} uneon)hk|ornkihk}da nr`dkovd}onku! ou nl lxkmdihk}da oisnr}dkeh }n inko}nrok` dkm }jokgok`}jrnx`j unax}onku }jd} edk jhas }n idgh mhehk}rdaovhm hk|ornkihk}da ahòuad}onk inrh hllhe}o|h+

Ok }jou uhe}onk! ph srhuhk} exrrhk} u}d}h)ah|ha hk|ornkihk}da snaoeohu dmns}hm ok }jh srnehuu nlmhehk}rdaovd}onk nl snphru }n u}d}hu dkm ixkoeosda `n|hrkihk}u! jo`jao`j}ok` }jh lxkmdihk}da rnah }jd}nr`dkovhm eo|oa uneoh}y io`j} sady ok hllhe}o|h snaoey oisahihk}d}onk+ ]jou ou oisnr}dk} }n ujnp jnp }jh RHMMsrnsnuda lo}u po}jok }jou hzou}ok` U}d}h snaoey lrdihpnrg+

4+0+4) Sadk nl De}onk lnr Srh|hk}onk dkm Enk}rna nl Mhlnrhu}d}onk ok }jh Ah`da Didvnk *SSEMDI/

Ok 2335! }jh Lhmhrda `n|hrkihk}! d} }jh ah|ha nl }jh Srhuomhkey! lnrixad}hm }jh SSEMDI! pjoejenkuou}u nl d sdegd`h nl de}onku }n rhmxeh mhlnrhu}d}onk dkm }n enku}rxe} d lhmhrd}o|h sde} }n dejoh|h o}u

sxrsnuhu }jrnx`jnx} Didvnkod+ Hdej u}d}h ok }jh Ah`da Didvnk rhònk jdu }jh rhusnkuoboao}y }n srhsdrh o}unpk U}d}h Sadk+ Uokeh 2330! }jh Id}n @rnuun U}d}h `n|hrkihk}! po}j }jh uxssnr} nl }jh Iokou}ry nl }jhHk|ornkihk} jdu bhhk ok mouexuuonk dkm pnrgok` po}j |dronxu uneoh}da uhìhk}u }n srhsdrh o}u Sadk+ ]jhU}d}h |hruonk poaa jd|h lnxr srokeosda dzhu6 ]hrro}nroda Nr`dkovd}onk! Inko}nrok`.Enk}rna! Srnin}onk nlUxu}dokdbah De}o|o}ohu dkm Hk|ornkihk}da @n|hrkdkeh+ ]jh `nda ou lnr }jh Sadk }n bh enkeaxmhm by Uhs}hibhr233?! enk}dokok` daa }jh ok}hr)uherh}droda de}onku nl }jh U}d}h dkm Lhmhrda `n|hrkihk} po}jok d uokàhihejdkoui+ ]jh `rhd}hu} ejdaahk`h ldehm by }jh Sadk ou }n d}}dok dssaoedboao}y+ Lnr }jou }n jdsshk! d pomhrdk`h nl enisahihk}dry adpu dkm rh`xad}onku poaa khhm }n bh erhd}hm dkm dssrn|hm }n idgh }jh Sadkuoisahihk}d}onk |odbah+

4+0+2) U}d}h Sadk lnr Enibd}ok` Eaoid}h Ejdk`h 5

4+0+5) Aoehkuok` nl Rxrda Srnshr}ohu

Ok rhusnkuh }n }jh Lhmhrda rhtxorhihk} }jd} rxrda srnshr}ohu bh hk|ornkihk}daay aoehkuhm! }jh U}d}h`n|hrkihk} nl Id}n @rnuun oku}o}x}hm d Enibokhm Hk|ornkihk}da Aoehkuh *Aoehkeodihk}n Dibohk}da koen)ADX/ ok 2333+ ]jou ihejdkoui pdu aokghm }n d }hejknanòeda sdegd`h lnr inko}nrok` bduhm nk ud}haao}hoid`hry }jd} pdu oku}o}x}hm uoixa}dkhnxuay du d ihdku }n rhuna|h }jh oaah`da mhlnrhu}d}onk srnbahi ok }jhrhònk du d pjnah+ ]jh Hk|ornkihk}da Aoehkuok` Uyu}hi lnr Rxrda Srnshr}ohu *UADSR! oisahihk}hm nk }jhbduou nl }jh ADX/! hk}doau ok}h`rd}hm inko}nrok` nl mhlnrhu}d}onk xuok` oid`hu srn|omhm by adkmnpkhru d} }jh}oih nl aoehkuok` ujnpok` }jhor srnshr}ohu dkm }jhor srn}he}hm drhdu *Ah`da Rhuhr|hu! nl pjoej d} ahdu} :3(drh aned}hm ok }jh Didvnk bonih dkm Shridkhk} Srn}he}onk Drhdu! drhdu khdr u}rhdibdkgu! joaauomhu dkmjoaa}nsu! dkm adkmu uansok` n|hr 42(/+ Uxej oklnrid}onk pdu }jhk xuhm lnr lnrhu} enk}rna dkm hk|ornkihk}daaoehkuok` du d rhtxouo}h }n nb}dokok` dx}jnrovd}onk lnr dmmo}onkda mhlnrhu}d}onk+

5 ]jh u}d}h eaoid}h ejdk`h sadk pdu u}oaa xkmhr rh|ohp d} }jh md}h nl srhuhk}d}onk nl }jou mrdl}+ Mh}doau poaa bh dmmhm ad}hr+

43


11/18

]jh UADSR shrio}u shronmoe inko}nrok` nl }jh u}d}xu nl lnrhu} lrdìhk}u po}jok sro|d}h srnshr}ohu byenisdrok` dkkxdaay srnmxehm u}d}h)pomh ud}haao}h oid`hry nk }jh dm|dkeh nl mhlnrhu}d}onk po}j }jh moò}ovhmoid`hu nl srnshr}ohu srn|omhm by adkmnpkhru+ Ol mhlnrhu}d}onk jdu hzehhmhm dx}jnrovhm aoio}u nr idmhokexruonku ok}n srn}he}hm drhdu nk }jh srnshr}y! `rnxkmu lnr moueosaokdry de}onk hzou}+ Kn} nkay mnhu }jh U}d}hjd|h deehuu }n }jhuh md}d! bx} daa nl }jou oid`hry ou d|doadbah nk)aokh lnr sxbaoe uerx}oky+ Srnshr}ohu dmjhrh|naxk}droay }n }jh uyu}hi! bx} o} ou idkmd}nry lnr dkynkh uhhgok` dx}jnrovd}onk }n mhlnrhu}+ UADSR pdu oko}odaay

}dr`h}hm }n srnshr}ohu n|hr 4333 jd ok uovh }n rhmxeh }rdkude}onku enu}u dkm rhdej d adr`h ujdrh nl }n}damhlnrhu}d}onk ok }jh U}d}h+

Po}j kokh yhdru ok nshrd}onk }n md}h! dmjhrhkeh }n }jh uyu}hi ou u}oaa |hry anp+ Ok Mhehibhr! 233:!?033 srnshr}ohu phrh rhòu}hrhm ok }jh UADSR! en|hrok` dk drhd nl 4?+0 ioaaonk jd+ ]jou drhd rhsrhuhk}hmnkay 2


12/18

4+: ) Srokeosda de}nru dkm ok}hrhu} `rnxsu hk`d`hm ok }jh srnehuu

]jh lrdihpnrg nl sadku! srn`rdiu dkm snaoeohu srhuhk}hm dbn|h oaaxu}rd}hu }jh oku}rxihk}u dkm ah`dabduhu d|doadbah lnr }jh Eniidkm dkm Enk}rna nl mhlnrhu}d}onk ok Id}n @rnuun+ ]jhuh ihejdkouiu drhdibo}onxu dkm rhsrhuhk} d snuo}onk }jd} ou enkuomhrhm u}roe}hr }jdk }jd} nl }jh Iokou}ry nl }jh Hk|ornkihk}+Xsnk }rdkulhrrok` rhusnkuoboao}y }n u}d}hu po}j mhehk}rdaovd}onk! }jh Iokou}ry }nng nk d inko}nrok` rnah }n hkuxrh

kn rhadzd}onk nl rhu}roe}onku d}}hkmok` }n rhònkda drrdk`hihk}u+

Ok enxk}hrsnok} }n }jou in|hihk}! }jhrh hzou}u d mo|hruh rdk`h nl ok}hrhu}u lrni hk|ornkihk}daenkuhr|d}onk }n d`robxuokhuu! }jh ad}}hr nl pjoej ou eanuhay dr}oexad}hm po}j rhònkda snao}oeda snphr dkm nllhrhmenkuomhrdbah rhuou}dkeh }npdrm pjd} pdu srhuhk}hm by VUHH }hejkoeodku+ ]jh rhde}o|h in|hihk} nld`robxuokhuu okeaxmhm srhsdrd}onk nl }hejkoeda rhsnr}u po}j }jh nbfhe}o|h nl moutxdaolyok` }jh nroòkda srnsnuda!dkm snu}xrokù nl dkoinuo}y dkm ok}oiomd}onk ok sxbaoe jhdrokù+

]jh rnah nl uneon)hk|ornkihk}da oku}o}x}onku ou lxkmdihk}da }n brokòk` uneoh}y mnexihk}hm oklnrid}onkrh`drmok` }jh rhah|dkeh nl oisahihk}ok` }jhuh ihejdkouiu+ ]jh srnsnuda mh|hanshm ok }jh khz} uhe}onk nl}jou eduh u}xmy ujnpu jnp }jou ouuxh idy bh brnx`j} }n d jhdm po}jok }jh uensh nl }jh VUHH! pjhrhby khpsrn}he}hm drhdu idy bh srnsnuhm du srn|omhru nl hk|ornkihk}da uhr|oehu+ Oisahihk}d}onk poaa daun mhshkm nk}jh U}d}hu dòao}y ok hk|ornkihk}da aoehkuok` dkm }o}ah rh`xadrovd}onk nl sro|d}h srnshr}ohu dkm nk }jhokerhihk}da edsdeo}y nl }jh U}d}h `n|hrkihk} }n hk`hkmhr hlloedey ok }jh inko}nrok` dkm enk}rna nlmhlnrhu}d}onk }jrnx`j hzsdkuonk nl o}u sro|d}h adkmu rhòu}ry+

Sdr} 2 ) RHUHDREJ

]jh nbfhe}o|h nl }jou u}xmy ou }n mouexuu }jh sn}hk}oda nl d RHMM ihejdkoui ok }jh enk}hz} nl }jhVUHH! pjoah uxssnr}ok` }jh erhd}onk nl khp srn}he}hm drhdu ok Id}n @rnuun+ Ok mnok` un ph poaa mhinku}rd}h}jd} }jh srn`rdiu dkm sxbaoe snaoeohu nl rhmxehm mhlnrhu}d}onk ok }jh U}d}h! ol ennrmokd}hm po}j }jh VUHHsrnsnuda! pnxam nshk xs }jh snuuoboao}y }n xkmhr}dgh d uhrohu nl hllhe}o|h oko}od}o|hu lnr rhmxe}onk dkm enk}rna nl

mhlnrhu}d}onk! uoixa}dkhnxuay dxìhk}ok` }jh rhsrhuhk}d}o|hkhuu nl srn}he}hm bonmo|hruo}y! shrio}}ok`rhunxrehu }n bh d}}rde}hm }jrnx`j RHMM! dkm okerhduok` }jh kxibhr nl srnshr}ohu rhòu}hrhm ok }jh UADSR+

2+4 ]jh erhd}onk nl khp drhdu dkm hllhe}o|h srn}he}onk nl }jnuh darhdmy erhd}hm

]jh srnsnuda lnr VUHH)I] pdu srhsdrhm by }jh U}d}h Hzhex}o|h brdkej! sduuhm }jrnx`j }jh sxbaoeenkuxa}d}onk sjduh dkm ou exrrhk}ay xkmhr mouexuuonk ok }jh Duuhibay+ O} okeaxmhu khp drhdu omhk}olohm lnrsrn}he}hm u}d}xu! ok daa! 48 srnsnuhm uxej drhdu nl bonmo|hruo}y srn}he}onk en|hrok`


13/18

Ok ao`j} nl }jh enkehrku darhdmy eo}hm *bonanòeda rhah|dkeh! srhuuxrh lnr mhlnrhu}d}onk dkm adkmnpkhrusrnshr}y ro`j}u ok}hrhu}u/! }jh khp srn}he}hm drhdu srnsnuhm by }jh VUHH)I] jd|h `hkhrd}hm jhd}hm dkmsnadrovhm mouexuuonku dink` }jnuh po}j aokgu }n rxrda adkmnpkhru dkm uneon)hk|ornkihk}da hk}o}ohu }jrnx`jnx}}jh hk}orh srnehuu! srokeosdaay ok }jh sxbaoe jhdrokù+ Nk d kxibhr nl needuonku adkmnpkhru po}j }ohu }n }jhd`roexa}xrda uhe}nr jd|h ux``hu}hm }jh rhmxe}onk nr h|hk haoiokd}onk nl }jh srn}he}hm drhdu srnsnuhm by }jhvnkok` boaa+

2+2 ) Hu}oid}h nl sro|d}h drhdu }jd} edk bh rh`xadrovhm by enishkud}onk ok srn}he}hm drhdu

Du mhuerobhm srh|onxuay! idky rxrda srnshr}ohu ok Id}n @rnuun jd|h bhhk mhlnrhu}hm bhynkm aoio}ushrio}}hm by }jh hk|ornkihk}da *Lnrhu} Enmh/ ahòuad}onk+ Du d rhuxa}! }jhrh ou d adr`h srnsnr}onk nl d`roexa}xrdasrnshr}ohu po}j orrh`xadr u}d}xu dkm ah`da rhuhr|h aodboao}ohu+ Pnrgok` po}jok }jh enk}hz} nl }jh khp oku}o}x}onkdadkm rh`xad}nry lrdihpnrg ph duuhr} }jd} }jh erhd}onk nl khp srn}he}hm drhdu pnxam erhd}h d u}neg nl adkmulxkmdihk}da }n idgok` snuuobah }jh hk|ornkihk}da rh`xadrovd}onk nl darhdmy mhlnrhu}hm drhdu ok }jh U}d}h+

Bduhm nk dk hu}oid}h nl }jh }n}da uxrldeh drhd eahdrhm lnr srnmxe}onk! dkm lrni d|doadbah md}d nkmhlnrhu}d}onk dkm srnshr}y idsu! o} ou snuuobah }n hu}oid}h }jh dinxk} nl mhlnrhu}d}onk bhynkm shrio}}hm aoio}ulnr eanuhm lnrhu} dkm ehrrdmn ok Id}n @rnuun ]jh nroòkda hz}hk} nl lnrhu} en|hr ok Id}n @rnuun pdu 828 333gi2+ Nl }jou }n}da! }jh drhd eahdrhm xs }n 2330 pdu 4


14/18

Deenrmok` }n UHID)I]! }jh }n}da drhd ok U}d}h srn}he}hm drhdu rhtxorok` }hkxrh rh`xadrovd}onkrhsrhuhk}u khdray :333 gi2 ok lnrhu} drhdu dkm 8333 gi2 ok }jh ehrrdmn+ ]jd} ou! }jh sn}hk}oda lnrenishkud}onk lnr orrh`xadr adkm xuh ok hzou}ok` srn}he}hm drhdu ou rhah|dk} bx} okuxlloeohk} pjhk enisdrhm }n}jh uedah nl hzou}ok` aodboao}ohu+ H|hk pjhk daa }jh drhdu nllhrok` }jh snuuoboao}y nl rh`xadrovd}onk dink`enishkud}onk ns}onku dbn|h drh dmmhm xs! }jhrh rhidoku d mhloeo} nl 2?!333 gi2+ ]jh sn}hk}oda lnrrh`xadrovd}onk enkuomhrok` daa kd}xrda rhikdk}u ok srnsnuhm srn}he}hm drhdu ok }jh boaa }n hu}dbaouj }jh VUHH

pnxam bh 2

]jh enishkud}onk nl ah`da rhuhr|hu po}j U}d}h srn}he}hm drhdu pnxam idgh o} snuuobah lnr rxrdaadkmnpkhru }n nb}dok }jh hk|ornkihk}da aoehkuh *ADX/ dkm lnr }jh U}d}h }n ok}h`rd}h sro|d}h adkmu po}joksrn}he}hm drhdu }jd} jd|h kn} bhhk okmhikolohm! d} d anphr enu}+ ]n jd|h dk omhd nl }jh nrmhr nl id`ko}xmh nl}jou enu}! ph enkuomhr }jh idrgh} |daxh nl }jh adkm po}j kd}o|h |h`h}d}onk *L]S! 2330/+ Lnr daa nl }jh srnsnuhmdrhdu! }jh }n}da sn}hk}oda enu} nl detxouo}onk pnxam bh ok }jh nrmhr nl R- 5+5 boaaonk *dbnx} XU- 4+0 boaaonk/+ Ol phmo|omh }jou |daxh by }jh }n}da drhd nl


15/18

enishkud}onk ou dk oku}rxihk} }jd} edk n|hrenih }jh jo`j enu}u duuneod}hm po}j rhu}nrd}onk! dkm brok`srnshr}ohu ok}n aokh po}j hk|ornkihk}da aoehkuok` rhtxorhihk}u+

5 ) Hu}oid}h nl edrbnk u}nrhm dkm rhunxrehu }jd} io`j} bh nb}dokhm }jrnx`j d|nomhm mhlnrhu}d}onk okdrhdu okmoed}hm lnr erhd}onk nl srn}he}hm drhdu

N|hr }jh sdu} mhedmh! }jh U}d}h nl Id}n @rnuun hio}}hm }jrnx`j eahdrok` dkm bxrkok` khdray 4 boaaonk}nku nl edrbnk u}nrhm ok boniduu! nr dk d|hrd`h nl 5


16/18

5 Enkuomhrd}onku dkm Enkeaxuonku

]jh erhd}onk nl srn}he}hm drhdu rhtxorhu usheoloe ok mhs}j u}xmohu }n mh}hriokh }jhor `rnxs *Ok}h`rdaSrn}he}onk nr Uxu}dokdbah Xuh/! idkd`hihk} ed}h`nry *Sdrg! Bonanòeda Rhuhr|h! Lnrhu}! Hz}rde}o|h Rhuhr|h!h}e+/! dkm }jhor mhidred}onk+ ]jhuh u}xmohu pnxam anedaay dkdayvh dkm ids }jh drhdu nl `rhd}hr oisnr}dkeh lnrenkuhr|d}onk! }jh h|hk}xda hzou}hkeh nl kd}xrda aoio}u! du phaa du }jh }yshu nl sn}hk}oda xuhu nl drhdu }n bh

erhd}hm dkm }jh snuuobah uneon)henknioe oisde}u nl }jhor erhd}onk+

Lo`xrh 86 Dkkxda EN2 hiouuonku lrni drhdu srnsnuhm lnr erhd}onk nl srn}he}hm drhdu+

]jh srnehuu nl erhd}ok` srn}he}hm drhdu ixu} daun ok|na|h aneda uneoh}y }jrnx`j sxbaoe enkuxa}d}onkupjhrh u}xmohu drh srhuhk}hm dkm srnsnudau mouexuuhm ok nrmhr }n idgh }jhi dssrnsrod}h }n aneda rhdao}ohu+Bduhm nk }jh hzshrohkeh nl }jh VUHH enkuxa}d}onku! o} ou ok }jh `hkhrda uneoh}da ok}hrhu} nl daa rhònku nl }jhU}d}h }n lokm dmhtxd}h sd}jpdyu }npdrm uneon)hk|ornkihk}da enkeoaod}onk+ Jnph|hr }jhrh drh eahdray

nssnuo}onkda |ohpu nk }jh duuxis}onk nl enu}u nk }jh sdr} nl henknioe d`hk}u! unih }jd} pnxam haoiokd}h }jherhd}onk nl khp srn}he}hm drhdu du dk ns}onk+ Jnph|hr! d kh`n}od}onk nl unax}onku nl ahuuhr enu} pnxam bh! d}ahdu} enkehs}xdaay! nl ok}hrhu} }n daa de}nru+

]jh srn}he}hm drhdu srnsnudau nx}aokhm ok }jh adp lnr }jh hu}dbaoujihk} nl }jh VUHH)I] drhlxkmdihk}da enisnkhk}u ok }jh u}rd}h`y nl hk|ornkihk}da dkm }hrro}nroda idkd`hihk} lnr Id}n @rnuun+ ]jhuhdrh khehuudry }n hkdbah }jh U}d}h }n hllhe}o|hay hzhex}h o}u eniio}ihk}u }n kd}onkda rnahu ok }jh Enk|hk}onknk Bonan oeda Mo|hruo}y+ Nk }jh n}jhr jdkm! }jhy poaa daun bh khehuudry }n hkuxrh }jh hk|ornkihk}darh`xadrovd}onk nl rxrda srnshr}ohu ok }jh rhdai nl I] Ah`da+ ]jhrhlnrh! daa enkuomhrd}onku nl }jh haoiokd}onk nlsrn}he}hm drhdu srnsnudau lrni }jh VUHH ujnxam bh mouedrmhm+

Bhuomhu }jh roejkhuu nl bonmo|hruo}y hzou}hk} ok }jhuh drhdu! }jhy daun nllhr }jh sn}hk}oda }n `hkhrd}h

lokdkeoda rhunxrehu lnr }jh U}d}h po}jok }jh ànbda edrbnk idrgh}+ ]jh khp srn}he}hm drhdu pnxam rhsrhuhk} dmorhe} dkm enkerh}h bduou lnr oisahihk}d}onk nl RHMM ihejdkouiu+

4


17/18

]jh edrbnk idrgh} ou u}oaa ok srnehuu nl mhloko}onk! du phaa du d inmdao}y ok pjoej }jh lnrhu}u enxam bh}rhd}hm du d sdr} nl }jou oku}rxihk}+ ]jhrh drh d uhrohu nl xkehr}dok}ohu }jd} dllhe} }jh mh|hansihk} nl unax}onkuok dk xkrh`xad}hm hk|ornkihk}+ ]jhrh hzou} |naxk}dry lxkmu! srn`rdiu nl RHMM)rhdmokhuu! h}e+ }jd} okmoed}h}jou srnsnuda edk bh sdr} nl }jh htxd}onk nl hiouuonku rhmxe}onku duuneod}hm po}j mhlnrhu}d}onk+ ]jhrh ourhen`kovdbay d ank` rndm lnrpdrm }npdrm }jou mhloko}onk! bx} }jh dkdayuou dkm inboaovd}onk nl uneoh}y drnxkm

oko}od}o|hu nl }jou gokm ou }jh loru} u}hs ok }jou morhe}onk+

DEGKNPAHM@HIHK]

]jou u}xmy pdu edrrohm nx} du d enk}robx}onk }n }jh Eo|oa Uneoh}y Hk`d`hihk} po}j HEnanòedaHenknioeu *EHHEHE/ srnfhe}! po}j uxssnr} lrni }jh Hxrnshdk Xkonk! LS0 Rhuhdrej Srn`rdi+

RHLHRHKEHU

DA]OHRO , KOEJNAAU+ D`rnhenanòd6 }hnrod y sre}oed sdrd xkd d`roexa}xrd uxu}hkdbah! Uroh ]hz}nu Buoenusdrd ad Lnrideok Dibohk}da! SKXID! D`roexa}xrda Hzsdkuonk! Sn|hr}y Rhmxe}onk! dkm Hk|ornkihk} ok ]jh]rnsoeda Lnrhu}u! Pnram Bdkg! Pdujok`}nk M+E+ 233 D ànbda rh|ohp nl idrgh}u lnr lnrhu}hk|ornkihk}da uhr|oehu dkm }jhor oisde}u nk }jh snnr+ Ankmnk6 Ok}hrkd}onkda Oku}o}x}h lnr Hk|ornkihk}dkm Mh|hansihk} ) OOHM! 2332+ 2=? s+

IDR@XAOU! U+ Edxudu mn Mhuid}dihk}n md Didvkod Brduoahord! 4 hmon! Bdken Ixkmoda! 433s+ Brduaod!2335+

INR]NK h} da+ Ernsadkm hzsdkuonk ejdk`hu mhlnrhu}d}onk mykdioeu ok }jh unx}jhrk Brdvoaodk Didvnk!SKDU! |na+ 435! kn+ 5?! 4=

4:

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A policy mix to finance protected areas in Mato Grosso, Brazil: value added from REDD - ISEE 2010