1969 ] oumal of the Lepidopterists' Society 115

American populations. Nevertheless, the present author believes that B. polaris from northern British Columbia deserves careful consideration for subspecific status.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

I wish to thank Mr. CYlil F. dos Passos, who confirmed my identification of this insect and kindly provided me with the Atlin record.

LITERATURE CITED

BLACKMORE, E. H., 1927. Check-list of the Macrolepidoptera of British Columbia (Buttcrflies and Moths), Provincial Museum of Natural History, Victoria, British Columbia, 48 pp.

KLOTS, A. B., 1951. A Field Guide to the Butterflies. Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston, Mass., 349 pp.

LLEWELLYN-JONES, J. R. J., 1951. An Annotated Check List of the Macrolepidoptera of British Columbia, Ent. Soc. British Columbia, Occasional Paper No.1, 148 pp.

A NOTABLE INTERGENERIC MATING (LYCAENIDAE)

The following inter generic mating was observed by the author at Bear Creek Canyon, Yakima County, Washington, on June 9, 1968, at 1:30 P.M., PD.T. A pair of copulating lycaenids was flush ed from the road and soon resettled a few paces away. To my surprise the male participant was Plebeitls icariodes mantis Blackmore, and the female, Everes amyntula (Boisduval). The specimens were again flushed and netted airborne. The amyntula was the flying partner, in this instance.

Plebe;us icariodes was quite common in the area, but the female amyntula was the only example of the species noted.

DON FRECIHN, 1745 N.E. 102nd, Seattle, Washington

A REVISED SYNONYMIC LIST OF THE NEARCTIC MELITAEINAE WITH TAXONOMIC NOTES

(NYMPHALIDAE)

CYRIL F. DOS PASSOS

Washington Corners, Mendham, New Jersey

INTRODUCTION

Within about one year two authors working independently revised a substantial number of Nearctic Melitaeinae genera. The first, H. L. Hig­gins (1960), published a revision of Chlosyne and allied species [genera], and the second, D. L. Bauer (1961), published on the Tribe Melitaeini. These two works, while not covering exactly the same ground, between them rendered the arrangement of the Melitaeinae genera and species in the Synonymic List (dos Passos, 1964) somewhat obsolete. That list had

116 DOS PASSOS: Nearctic Melitaenae Vol. 23, no. 2

been completed as of December 31, 1958 but was long in course of publi­cation. During that period it proved impossible to incorporate therein results of the foregoing publications.

The Nearctic Melitaeine genera dealt with by Higgins are Melitaea, Chlosyne, Thessalia, Texola, Dymasia, and Microtia. Those of the Tribe Melitaeini treated by Bauer are Chlosyne, Microtia, M elitaea, Poladryas, Phyciodes with three subgenera (Phyciodes, Eresia, and Tritanassa), and Euphydryas. Thus it will be seen that both authors dealt with Melitaea, Chlosyne, and Microtia. This paper will attempt to reconcile their re­spective views concerning those three genera, and where that is impos­sible, allocate the genera and species as thought best. A few changes will be suggested in genera covered by one author only.

Higgins' paper is long and detailed. It purports to give full synonymies and figures of the genitalia of the species. On the other hand, Bauer's paper is short but contains keys and figures of the adult insects. However, it includes no synonymies and does not treat subspecies or other infra­subspecific forms. For these reasons it has been necessary to rely more heavily on Higgins than Bauer, although the latter's revision is the later. Both papers are great improvements on the arrangement of the Synonymic List which was not a revision of the Melitaeinae.

Higgins often uses "form" to denote a subspecies. This is of course not in conformity with the Rules of Zoological Nomenclature. Also and more important, Higgins has misdetermined the type of one genus proposed by him (Dymasia) and unfortunately does not give the dates of capture or the localities for source material of his figures. Bauer likewise has mis­determined the type species of Poladryas.

In preparing the following synonymic list, an effort has been made to solve all current problems because students are entitled to have this portion of the list brought up to date.

Fortunately, while this paper was in preparation, my colleague Mr. F. Martin Brown worked together with me on many of the problems involved in this subfamily. It is a pleasure to express my thanks to Mr. Brown for many valuable suggestions that he made. He has also had the kindness to read a draft of this manuscript. While we do not agree on all questions, especially the status of M elitaea ismeTia Boisduval and LeConte, 1833, and the type and type locality of Melitaea callina Boisduval, 1869, our understanding of these problems has been clarified by frank discussions.

An effort has been made to fit the following names into the Synonymic List, hence the numbers start with 548 where the Melitaeinae commence on that list. A similar arrangement of the genera has been followed insofar as possible.

1969 Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society

Subfamily MELITlEINAE

CHLOSYNE Butler, 1870

Type: Papilio ianais Drury, 1782 Melitaea Auetorum

tSynehloe Doubleday (nee Hiibner, 1818), 1844 Coatlantona Kirby, 1871 Charidryas Scudder, 1872

548 nycteis (Doubleday), "1846-52" [1847] nyetis (Boisdu val), 1869 (lapsus calami)

a n. nycteis (Doubleday), "1846-52" [1847] oenone (Scudder), 1863

tharrisii (Edwards nee Scudder, 1862), 1870 abo millburni (Rummel), 1926 abo lacteus (Gunder), 1928 abo greyi (Field), 1934

b n. drusius (Edwards), 1884 abo hewitsoni (Field), 1936

c n. revers a (Chermock & Chermock), 1940 549 gorgone (Hubner), "1806" [1810] (partim, 6 )

ismeria (Boisduval & Le Conte), [1833] a g. gorgone (Hubner), "1806" [1810] (partim, 6 ) b g. carlot a (Reakirt), "1866-7" (1866)

nyeteis Edwards (nee Doubleday), 1861 abo nigra (Cary), 1901 abo nox (Gunder), 1928

550 harrisii (Scudder), "1862" [1863] a h. harrisii (Scudder), "1862" [1863] b h. hanhallli (Fletcher), "1903" [1904] c h. albilllontana (Avinoff), 1930 d h.liggetti (Avinoff), 1930

551 gabbii (Behr), 1863 pola (Boisduval), 1869

a g. gabbii (Behr), 1863 sonorae (Boisduval), 1869 abo pasadenae (Gunder), 1924 abo newcombi 0. A. Comstock), 1926 abo gunderi 0. A. Comstock), 1926

b g. sabina (Wright), 1905 552 acastus (Edwards), "1874-6" (1874)

abo pearlae (Gunder), 1926 form flavula (Barnes & McDunnough), 1918

117

118 DOS PASSOS: Nearctic Melitaenae

553 neumoegeni (Skinner), 1895

abo fridayi (Gunder), 1932 abo boharti (Gunder), 1933

554 damoetas (Skinner), 1902 abo damoetella (McDunnough), 1927

555 malcolmi 0. A. Comstock), 1926 556 palla (Boisduval), 1852

a p. palla (Boisduval), 1852 form 2 eremita (Wright), 1905 form sterope (Edwards), "1870-1" (1870)

hewesi (Leussler), 1931 abo wardi (Oberthiir), 1914 abo blackmorei (Gunder), 1926 abo stygiana 0. A. Comstock), 1926 abo hemifusa (Gunder), 1930 abo hopfingeri (Gunder), 1934

b p. whitneyi (Behr), 1863 whitnegi (Behr), 1868 (lapsus calami)

abo vanduzeei (Gunder), 1928 c p. vallismortis (Johnson), 19.38 (emendatio) d p. calydon (Holland), 1931

557 hoffmanni (Behr), 1863 a h. hoffmanni (Behr), 1863

helcita (Boisduval), 1869 abo abnorma (Wright), 1905 abo hollandae (Gunder), 1928

b h. segregata (Barnes & McDunnough), 1918 bridgei (J. A. Comstock), 1924

c h. manchada Bauer, "1959" [1960] .558 definita (Aaron), "1884" [1885]

schausi (Godman), (1901) abo albiplaga (Aaron), "1884" [1885]

559 endeis (Godman & Salvin), 1894 .560 janais (Drury), 1782

-:{. 561 lacinia (Geyer), 1837 a l. adjutrix Scudder, 1875

nigra (Cockerell), 1893 (partim) bicolor (Cockerell), 1893 (partim) rufa ( Cockerell), 1893 (partim) abo inghami Gunder, 1928

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1969 Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society

b l. crocale (Edwards), "1874-6" (1874) nigra (Cockerell), 1893 (partim) bicolor (Cockerell), 1893 (partim) rufa (Cockerell), 1893 (partim)

form nigrescens ( Cockerell), 1893 form rufescens (Cockerell), 1894 form flavida Higgins, 1960

562 californica (Wright), 1905 abo chinoi Gunder, 1924

PHYCIODES (ANTHANASSA) Scudder, 1875 Type: Eresia cincta Scudder (nec Edwards, 1864) 1875

(= Melitaea texana Edwards, 1863) TritanassaForbes, "1944" [1945] (partim)

563 texana (Edwards), 1863 a t. texan a (Edwards), 1863

smerdis (Hewitson) , 1864 b t. seminole (Skinner), 1911

564 ptolyca (Bates), 1864

PHYCIODES (ERESIA) Boisduval, [1836]

119

Type: Nereis eunice Hiibner, "1806" [1807] (= Eresia eunice Boisduval, [1836]) (lapsus calami)

565 frisia (Poey), 1832 a f. frisia (Poey), 1832

gyges Hewitson, 1864 b f. tulcis (Bates), 1864

genigueh Reakirt, "1865" [1866] archesilea R. Felder, 1869 punctata Edwards, "1870-1" (1870)

PHYCIODES (PHYCIODES) Hiibner, "1816" [1819] Type: Papilio cocyta Cramer, "1779" [1777] (= Papilio tharos Drury

"1770" [1773]) Tritanassa Forbes, "1944" [1945] (partim)

566 tharos (Drury), "1770" [1773] a t. tharos (Drury), "1770" [1773] (gen. aest. )

tmorpheus (Fabricius, 1775 nec Pallas, 1771) morphius (Fabricius), 1781 (lapsus calami)

cocyta (Cramer), "1779" [1777] euclea (Bergstrasser), 1780 morphea (Godart), 1819 tharossa (Godart), 1819

120 DOS PASSOS: Nearctic Melitaenae

selenis (Kirby), 1837 abo packardii (Saunders), 1869 abo reaghi Reiff, 1913 abo dyari Gunder, 1928

gen. vern. marcia (Edwards), "1868--9" (1868) b t. artica dos Passos, 1935 c t. pulchella (Boisduval), 1852

pascoensis Wright, 1905 form <;> herse Hall, 1924

abo nigrescens Hall, 1924 .567 hatesii (Reakirt), 1865

abo harperi Gunder, 1932 568 phaon (Edwards), 1864

gorgone (Hubner), "1806" [1810] (partim, <;> )

gorgonia (Clark & Clark), 1941 (Zapsus calami) gen. aest. aestiva Edwards, 1878 form hiemalis Edwards, 1878

abo thornei Gunder, 1934 569 campestris (Behr), 1863

a c. campestris (Behr), 1863 ~ pratensis (Behr), 1863

abo macdunnoughi Gunder, 1928 (emendatio) b c. camillus Edwards, "1870-1" (1871)

abo mata (Reakirt) "1866-7" (1866) abo emissa Edwards, "1870-1" (1871) abo rohweri Cockerell, 1913 abo tristis Cockerell, 1913

c c. montana (Behr), 1863 orsa (Boisduval), 1869

570 picta Edwards, 1865 a p. picta Edwards, 186.5 b p. canace Edwards, "1870-1" (1871)

abo jemezensis Brehme, 1913 571 vesta (Edwards), "1868-9" ( 1869) (gen. hiem.)

hiemalis Edwards, 1878 gen. aest. aestiva Edwards, 1878

boucardi Godman & Salvin, 1878 572 mylitta (Edwards), "1861-3" (1861)

a m. mylitta (Edwards), "1861-3" (1861) Gollina (Behr nee Lederer, 1861) 1863

collinsia Edwards, 1872 (lapsus calami)

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1969 Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society

mylittae Wright, 1883 (lapsus calami) epula ( Boisduval), 1869

b m. barnesi Skinner, 1897 abo collinsi Gunder, 1930 abo macyi Fender, 1930

c m. pallida (Edwards), 1864 d m. thebais Godman & Salvin, 1878

arida (Skinner), 1917 573 orseis Edwards, "1870-1" (1871)

abo edwardsi Gunder, 1927

THESSALIA Scudder, 1875 Type: Melitaea leanira Felder & Felder, 1860 574 leanira ( Felder & Felder), 1860

a l. leanira (Felder & Felder) 1860 form obsoleta (H. Edwards), 1877

obliterata (Strecker), 1878 (lapsus calami) form wrightii (Edwards) , 1886 form leona (Wright), 1905

abo carolynae (Gunder), 1926 form pelona (Gunder), 1930

b l. cerrita (Wright), 1905 c l.daviesi (Wind),1947

575 cyneas (Godman & Salvin), (1878) abo infrequens (Gunder), 1928

576 alma (Strecker), "1877" [1878] fulvia (Edwards), 1879 abo sinefascia (Williams), 1914 abo koebelei (Gunder), 1927

* 577 theona (MenetrU~s), 185.5 a t. thekla (Edwards), "1870-1" (1870)

abo benjamini (Gunder), 1928 b t. bollii (Edwards), "1877" [1878]

577)~ chinatiensis (Tinkham), 1944

DYMASIA Higgins, 1960

121

Type: Melitaea dymas Higgins (nec Edwards, 1864) (= Melitaea chara Edwards, "1883" [1884] )

578 dylTIas (Edwards), 1864 larunda (Strecker), "1877" [1878] is senrabii (Barnes), 1900

579 chara (Edwards), "1883" [1884] dymas Higgins (nec Edwards, 1864), 1960

122 DOS PASSOS: Nearctic Melitaenae

a c. chara (Edwards), "1883" [1884] b c. imperialis (Bauer) "1958" [1959]

abo jacintoi (Gunder) , 1924 abo nitela 0. A. Comstock), 1926

TEXOLA Higgins, "1958" [1959] Type: Eresia elada Hewitson, 1868 580 elada (Hewitson), 1868

a e. elada (Hewitson), 1868 b e. callina (Boisduval), 1869 c e. ulrica (Edwards), 1877

ubrica (Skinner), 1898 (lapsus calami) imitata (Strecker), "1877" [1878]

d e. perse (Edwards), 1882

POLADRYAS Bauer, [1961] Type : Melitaea pola Oberthur, 1911, nee Boisduval, 1869

(= Melitaea arachne Edwards, "1868-9" [1869]) 581 min uta (Edwards), 1861

a m. minuta (Edwards), 1861 approximata (Strecker), 1900

b m. nympha (Edwards), 1884 582 arachne (Edwards), "1868-9" (1869)

pola Oberthiir (nee Boisduval, 1869), 1911 abo polingi (Gunder), 1926 abo gunderiae (Holland), 1931

a a. monache (J. A. Comstock), 1918 b a. gilensis (Holland), 1931

MICROTIA Bates, 1864 Type: Microtia elva Bates, 1864 583 elva Bates, 1864

EUPHYDRYAS Scudder, 1872 Type: P apilio phaeton Drury, "1770" [1773 ]

tLemonias Hubner, [1806] (Opinion 278, name 79) Melitaea Auctorum (nee Fabricius, 1807)

592 phaeton (Drury) "1770" [1773] abo streekeri (Ellsworth) , 1902

593 chalcedona (Doubleday), "1846-52" [1847] abo lorquini (Oberthur), 1914

b c. dwinellei (H. Edwards), 1881

Vol. 23, no. 2

f c. perdiccas (Edwards), "1880-1" [1880] (emendatio) perdiceas (Edwards), "1880-1" [1880] (lapsus calami)

1969 Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society

593Jf colon (Edwards), "1880-1" [1881] 594 anicia (Doubleday), "1846-52" [1847]

k abo melanodisca 0. A. Comstock), 1918 lab. rubrolimbata 0. A. Comstock), 1918

595 edith a (Boisduval), 1852 g e. nubigena (Behr), 186.3

nubigea ( Carpenter), 1877 (lapsus calami) e. edith ana (Strand), 1915

123

The following explanations will help answer questions concerning placement of names, especially where the above list deviates from the treatment of either Higgins or Bauer, or both, or where more recent infor­mation has been incorporated. The present arrangement includes eight fewer species level taxa, owing primarily to the relegation to subspecies of entities formerly considered to be species.

CHLOSYNE

For reasons that will be explained in a subsequent paper, Chlosyne ismeria (Boisduval and LeConte) has been placed in the synonymy of C. gorgone (Hubner) ;t; and C. gorgone (Hubner) <;> in the synonymy of Phyciodes (Phyciodes) phaon.

There is no definite record of the occurrence of Chlosyne erodyle ( Bates), 1864, in the N earctic region. Consequently, it has been omitted from the list.

Also three heretofore considered subspecies of Chlosyne lacinia (Geyer), 1837, have been omitted because they are not believed to occur in the Nearctic region. These are Synchloe quehtala Reakirt, 1866, de­scribed from Vera Cruz, Mexico; S. arderrw Reakirt, 1866, described from Mexico, and S. pretona Boisduval, 1870, described from Guatemala.

ANTHANASSA

Brown (1965: 192) has applied to the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature to designate a type-species under the plenary powers for Anthanassa Scudder. If that application is granted, Melitaea texana Edwards, 1863, will become the type-species of Anthanassa (Z.N. (S.) 1697).

ERESIA

Eresia leucodesma (Felder & Felder), 1861, has been omitted on the advice of Brown (1966: 424).

The author is advised by Bauer (in litt.) that three specimens of Phyciodes ptolyca (Bates) have been taken in Texas and that he has one of the three in his collection, hence that name has been added to thc list as no. 564.

124 DOS PASSOS: Nearctic Melitaenae Vol. 23, no. 2

THESSALIA

Bauer ([1961]: 139) places leanira in Chlosyne. Higgins (1960: 442) places leanim in Thessalia. Higgins is followed.

DYMASIA

Higgins (1960: 455) proposed the name Dymasia with M elitaea dymas Edwards as the type species. Unfortunately, as Brown (1966: 381) has pointed out, Higgins misdetermined dymas. The specimen before him was M elitaea cham Edwards which Higgins (1960: 456) incorrectly placed in the synonymy of dymas. They are actually two different species although closely related, the females being quite different. Consequently, dymas Higgins equals cham Edwards, and cham is therefore the type of Dymasia. Higgins (1960: 456) claims that imperialis is the spring generation of dymas at Palm Springs, but it seems to the author to be entitled to sub­specific rank.

TEXOLA

Brown (1967: 273) has cast doubt upon the occurrence of Texola elada callina in southern California, although one type was named from Sonora, southern California. That situation will be examined in a later paper.

POLADRYAS

Melitaea pola, Bauer's type of Poladryas, is the pola of Oberthur and not of Boisduval and is actually M. amchne Edwards, hence the type of Poladryas is M. amchne Edwards "1868-9" (1869).

Higgins under M elitaea lists minuta, approximata, po la, amchne, mon­ache, gilensis, nympha, polingi, and gunderiae. It is a question whether to follow Higgins and list these names as Melitaea, or Bauer and list them as Poladryas. In either event, the species will remain substantially as in the Synonymic List. Higgins places gilensis in the synonymy of Melitaea pola, but the author has given it subspecific standing.

Bauer does not mention nympha Edwards, approximata Strecker, gilensis Holland or monache apparently because he considers them to be subspecies.

MICROTIA

Higgins (1960: 460) states that elva is not Nearctic, but Bauer ([1961]: 132) claims that elva occurs in southern Arizona to southern Texas, hence it is listed. In substantiation of that statement, he has fur­nished the author with a recent record from Madera Canyon, Santa Rita Mts., Pima Co., Arizona. This specimen, collected by Lloyd Martin, is in the Los Angeles County Museum.

Melitaea dymas is the other species Bauer places in Microtia while

1969 Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 125

Higgins places it in Dymasia as the type. That situation is explained under Dymasia.

EUPHYDRYAS

Bauer ([1961]: 127-130) lists the same five species of Euphydryas as dos Passos (1964) but in different order and adds Euphydryas colon as a sixth species. Since Bauer gives no reason for changing the order of listing the names, there is no point in following him and in repeating the listings except to include colon as a species and list those instances where an additional name or a typographical correction should be added or made in the list.

LITERATURE CITED BAUER, D. L., [1961]. Tribe Melitaeini. Checker spots, crescents, and patch butter­

flies. In: Ehrlich and Ehrlich. How to know the butterflies. Wm. C. Brown Company, Dubuque, Iowa, [8] + 262 pp., 525 figs.

BROWN, F. M., 1965. Anthanassa Scudder, 1875 (Insecta, Lepidoptera): proposed designation of a type-species under the plenary powers. Z.N.(S.) 1697. Bull. Zoo!. Nomen., 22: 192-194.

1965. Three letters from J. B. A. D. de Boisduval to W . H. Edwards and the true identity of Melitaea pola Bdv., and Melitaea callina Bdv., J . Lep. Soc., 19 : 197-21l.

1966. The types of Nymphalid butterflies described by William Henry Edwards­Part II Melitaeine. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., 92: 357-368, 321 figs.

1967. Lorquin's localities "Sonora" and "Utah." J. Lepid. Soc., 21 (4): 271-274. DOS PASSOS, C. F ., 1964. A synonymic list of the Nearctic Rhopalocera. Memoir

No. I, The Lepidopterists' Society. vi + 145 pp. HIGGINS, L. G., 1960. A revision of the Melitaeine genus Chlosyne and alJied

species [genera] (Lepidoptera; Nymphalinae). Trans. Roy. Ent. Soc. Lond., 112; 381-467, 137 figs.

INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON ZOOLOGICAL NOMENCLATURE A.(N.S.)82

Required six-month's notice is given on the possible use of plenary powers by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature in connection with the fol­lowing names listed by case number: (see, Bull. zool. Nornencl. 25, pt. 2/3, 27 Sep­tember 1968):

1843. Validation of Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 (Insecta, Hemiptera) 1845. Type-species for Anoplius Dufour, 1834; Neotypes for Sphex niger Fabricius,

1775, and Sphex nigerrimus Scopoli, 1763 (Insecta, Hymenoptera) (see, Bull. zool. Nomenel. 25, pt. 4/5,17 January 1969) 1852. Suppression of Siphocoryne angelicae del Guercio, 1911 (Insecta, Hemiptera) 1853. Validation of emendation to Hyposrnocoma of Hyposrnochoma Butler, 1881

(Insecta, Lepidoptera)