i

A LISTof the

VERTEBRATESof

SOUTH AUSTRALIA

Editors

A.C. RobinsonK.D. Casperson

Biological Survey and ResearchHeritage and Biodiversity Division

Department for Environment and Heritage, South Australia

M.N. HutchinsonSouth Australian Museum

Department of Transport, Urban Planning and the Arts, South Australia

2000

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EDITORS

A.C. Robinson & K.D. Casperson, Biological Survey and Research,Biological Survey and Research, Heritage and Biodiversity Division, Department for Environment and

Heritage.G.P.O. Box 1047, Adelaide, SA, 5001

M.N. Hutchinson, Curator of Reptiles and AmphibiansSouth Australian Museum, Department of Transport, Urban Planning and the Arts.

GPO Box 234, Adelaide, SA 5001

CARTOGRAPHY AND DESIGN

Biological Survey & Research, Heritage and Biodiversity Division,Department for Environment and Heritage

Department for Environment and Heritage 2000ISBN 0 7308 5890 1

First Edition (edited by H.J. Aslin) published 1985Second Edition (edited by C.H.S. Watts) published 1990

Third Edition (edited by A.C. Robinson, M.N. Hutchinson, and K.D. Casperson) published 2000

Cover Photograph:Clockwise:- Western Pygmy Possum, Cercartetus concinnus (Photo A. Robinson), Smooth Knob-tailed Gecko,

Nephrurus levis (Photo A. Robinson), Painted Frog, Neobatrachus pictus (Photo A. Robinson), Desert Goby,Chlamydogobius eremius (Photo N. Armstrong),Osprey, Pandion haliaetus (Photo A. Robinson)

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_______________________________________________________________________________________

CONTENTS_____________________________________________________________________________

INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 1METHODS ........................................................................................................................ 9MAMMALS ...................................................................................................................... 13BIRDS ...................................................................................................................... 37REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS ............................................................................................... 99FRESHWATER FISHES..................................................................................................... 129INDEX .................................................................................................................... 135

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AcknowledgmentsThis project would not have been possible without the cooperation and efforts of the following people:

For the bird chapter we gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Maya Penck, Jamie Matthew, Marianne Anthony, JohnCox, John Eckert and Graham Carpenter.

Assistance in the production of the maps was provided by Stuart Pillman and Paul Gullan

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A List of the Vertebrates of South Australia_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Introduction_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

This list includes all species of vertebrate animalsreliably reported to have occurred in South Australia asfree-living forms during the period of Europeansettlement of the State. It has been prepared from avariety of published sources (the major ones of whichare cited in the various sections), and from thespecimen collections of the South Australian Museum,records of the biological survey of South Australia andthe RAOU Bird Atlas of Australia. The list is now in itsthird edition following Aslin (1985) and Watts (1990),and is designed as a counterpart to �A list of theVascular Plants of South Australia� (Jessop, 1993).Both these taxonomic lists, in computerised form,support the Biological Survey of South Australia,which is coordinated by the South AustralianBiological Survey Coordinating Committee.

The order in which the vertebrate groups are presentedis as follows:

1. Mammals2. Birds3. Reptiles4. Amphibians5. Freshwater Fishes

In each section, the list contains the following items ofinformation for each currently recognised species:

1. Order2. Family3. Genus4. Notation for an introduced species (an asterisk)5. Species6. Author and date of publication of specificdescription7. Common name(s)8. Threatened status in Australia (in bold)9. Threatened status in South Australia (non-bold)

10. A distribution map (not provided for cetaceans orfreshwater fish)In the case of mammals and freshwater fish someadditional higher taxonomic levels have been includedto match the most recent published guides.

The sequence in which orders are listed is determinedby the conventions for each of the various groups, andis indicated in the tables at the beginning of each of thesections together with summaries of the number offamilies and species in each. Within orders (and sub-orders for mammals), families are listed in the sequenceused in the most recent guides. Within families (or sub-families in some cases), genera and species are listedalphabetically.

Distribution maps are provided for all species exceptcetaceans and freshwater fish. Some indication of fishdistribution is provided in terms of the environmentalprovinces of Laut et al (1977). Figure 1 shows theprovince boundaries.

The only introduced species (ie. alien to Australia)included are those which are believed to haveestablished true feral populations. In the case of a fewfreshwater fish, these feral populations are onlymaintained by regular re-introductions.

This is not a taxonomic checklist but primarily aspecies index. It is intended as a reference source andguide for those working on South Australianvertebrates, but not necessarily familiar with the latesttaxonomy.It should be borne in mind that taxonomic changes arecontinually being made and new distributionalinformation is accumulating so that no listing can becompletely up to date. This list will be revised andupdated in future and any comments or queries shouldbe directed to the relevant curator or collectionmanager at the South Australian Museum.

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REFERENCES

Aslin, H. J. (1985) (ed.). A List of the Vertebrates ofSouth Australia. 1st Edition. Biological SurveyCoordinating Committee and the Departmentof Environment and Planning, South Australia.

Watts, C. H. S. (1990) (ed.). A List of the Vertebratesof South Australia 2nd Edition. BiologicalSurvey Coordinating Committee and theDepartment of Environment and Planning,South Australia.

Jessop, J. P. (Ed.) (1993). A list of the Vascular Plantsof South Australia (Edition IV). The BotanicGardens of Adelaide and State Herbarium.

Laut, P. L., Heyligers, P. C., Keig, G., Loffler, E..Margules, C., Scott, R. M. and Sullivan, M. E.(1977). Environments of South Australia.Division of Land Use Research, CSIRO,Canberra.

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A List of the Vertebrates of South Australia

MethodsDISTRIBUTION MAPS

The production of distribution maps for this ThirdEdition of the vertebrate list has been possible becauseof the development of a biological database for SouthAustralia by Viridans Pty Ltd. The South AustralianBiodiversity database contains a series of standard siteor grid cell based data on the mammals, birds, reptilesand amphibians of South Australia that can be readilycombined and plotted on a series of map bases. Themaps include data added to the Viridans database toAugust 1998. Some additional individually preparedmaps have been included to show species found in theState since the most recent database preparation and toclarify recent taxonomic decisions not yet included inthe database

The simplest plotting method has been chosen here,based on a 10΄ X 10΄ latitude longitude grid over thestate. For each grid cell to be filled in requires at leastone record of the species to occur within it. Forcommon species some grid cells may represent anumber of individual records. For simplicity nodistinction has been made regarding the age of therecord and details of how each taxonomic group istreated in the grid database are given below.

MammalsThe grid database is composed of the followingcomponents:1) Specimen records from the SA Museum with the

exception of sub-fossil material or records that didnot have a sufficiently accurate location or have notbeen identified to species.

2) Site-based records from the Biological Survey ofSouth Australia SURVEY and OPPORTUNEdatabases. Many of these records were accompaniedby a voucher specimen lodged in the SA Museumbut a proportion are observational only.

3) Records from surveys by the Mammal Club of theField Naturalists� Society of South Australia 1967-97.

BirdsThe grid database is composed of the following

components:1) Specimen records from the SA Museum with the

exception of sub-fossil material or records that didnot have a sufficiently accurate location or have notbeen identified to species.

2).Grid cell records from the South Australiancomponent of the Royal AustralasianOrnithologists� Union (now Birds Australia) Atlasof Australian Birds (Blakers, Davies and Reilly,1984)

3) Site-based records from the Biological Survey ofSouth Australia SURVEY and OPPORTUNEdatabases, all of which were observational only.

Reptiles and AmphibiansThe grid database is composed of the followingcomponents:1) Specimen records from the SA Museum with the

exception of records that did not have a sufficientlyaccurate location or have not been identified tospecies. For a minority of taxonomically difficultspecies only SA Museum records were used asobservational records were not sufficiently reliable.

2) Site-based records from the Biological Survey ofSouth Australia SURVEY and OPPORTUNEdatabases. Many of these records were accompaniedby a voucher specimen lodged in the SA Museumbut a proportion are observational only.

Freshwater FishNo maps are provided, as an appropriate computerdatabase is not yet available

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THREATENED SPECIES CATEGORIES

The listing indicates the threatened status of species within Australia as a whole (upper case bold) from Schedules 1, 2and 3 of the Endangered Species Protection Act 1992. Status categories and definitions are derived from IUCN (1994)which is summarised as follows:

Code Status category Category definitionEX EXTINCT A taxon is Extinct when there is no reasonable doubt that the last individual has died.EW EXTINCT IN

THE WILDA taxon is Extinct in the Wild when it is known only to survive in cultivation, in captivityor as a naturalised population (or populations) well outside the past range. A taxon ispresumed extinct in the wild when exhaustive surveys in known and/or expected habitat,at appropriate times (diurnal, seasonal, annual) throughout its historic range have failed torecord an individual. Surveys should be over a time frame appropriate to the taxon�s lifecycle and life form.

CR CRITICALLYENDANGERED

A taxon is Critically Endangered when it is facing an extremely high risk of extinction inthe wild in the immediate future.

EN ENDANGERED A taxon is Endangered when it is not critically endangered but is facing a very high risk ofextinction in the wild in the near future.

VU VULNERABLE A taxon is Vulnerable when it is not critically endangered or endangered but is facing ahigh risk of extinction in the wild in the medium-term future.

LR LOWER RISK A taxon is Lower Risk when it has been evaluated, does not satisfy the criteria for any ofthe categories Critically Endangered, Endangered or Vulnerable. Taxa included in theLower Risk category can be separated into three sub-categories:1. Conservation Dependent (cd). Taxa which are the focus of a continuing taxon-specificor habitat- specific conservation program targetted towards the taxon in question,the cessation of which would result in the taxon qualifying for one of the threatenedcategories above within a period of five years.2. Near Threatened (nt). Taxa which do not qualify for Conservation Dependent butwhich are close to qualifying for Vulnerable3. Least Concern (lc). Taxa which do not qualify for Conservation Dependent or NearThreatened

DD DATADEFICIENT

A taxon is Data Deficient when there is inadequate information to make a direct orindirect assessment of its risk of extinction based on its distribution or population status.A taxon in this category may be well studied, and its biology well known, but appropriatedata on abundance and/or distribution is lacking. Data Deficient is therefore not acategory of threat or Lower Risk

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The threatened status of species for South Australia (upper case not bold). These are an update of Schedules 7, 8 and 9of the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972. These ammended Schedules are due to be promulgated in early 2000:

Code Status category Category definition

EX Extinct Not definitely located in the wild during the past 50 years, or not found in recent yearsdespite thorough searching

XW Extinct in the wild Extant but only in captive populations

E Endangered In danger of extinction if the causal factors continue to operate

V Vulnerable Likely to move into the �Endangered� category in the near future if the causal factorscontinue to operate

R Rare Occurs in small populations that are not at present �Endangered� or �Vulnerable� but areat some risk due to their rarity (i.e. low numbers); this may include naturally scarcespecies that may require conservation consideration to ensure that they do not become�Endangered� or �Vulnerable�.

The development and refinement of status categories is an ongoing process. The new schedules for the National Parksand Wildlife Act were developed from a variety of sources, detailed in the introductions to the individual sections.During this process, we attempted to provide the most recent opinions even though these status categories have not yetbeen formalised in the appropriate wildlife conservation legislation.

REFERENCES

IUCN (1994). IUCN Red List Categories, prepared by the IUCN Species Survival Commission, as approved by the 40thmeeting of the IUCN Council, Gland, Switzerland. IUCN, Gland Switzerland.

Blakers, M., Davies, S. J. J. F. and Reilly, P. N. (1984). The Atlas of Australian Birds. Royal AustralasianOrnithologists� Union. Melbourne University Press. Melbourne.

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A List of the Vertebrates of South Australia_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Mammalscompiled by Catherine Kemper, Curator of Mammals; Terry Reardon, Technical Officer; Lynette Queale, former

Collection Manager, Mammal Section.

This mammal list includes all species of mammalsreliably recorded as living in South Australia at thetime of European settlement as well as some recordedonly from subfossils. For most species the evidence fortheir occurrence comes from museum specimens,publications or reliable sightings. Subfossil records areindicated on the list. Species known only from subfossildeposits (owl pellets and surface remains) usuallyoccurred together with introduced mammal species ie:Mus and therefore may have been extant whenEuropeans arrived. Some species known from subfossildeposits (eg. Sminthopsis longicaudata) have not beenincluded until more evidence is available, particularlythrough the dating of the deposits in which they arefound. Maps are not provided for subfossil species.

Mammal species or subspecies that have becomeextinct in South Australia since settlement and havebeen reintroduced to certain locations are annotatedwith these details.

Taxa above Subfamily level (ie. Subclass, Order,Suborder, Family) follow the world list of mammals(Wilson and Reeder 1992). Subfamilies and species arearranged alphabetically and are included only when it isnecessary to divide South Australian representatives ofFamilies into subgroups.

Several species are under taxonomic review and arelikely to be divided into two or more species,sometimes by elevating subspecies to full species level.Annotations appear in the list to alert users to possiblefuture changes. Although Rice (1998) elevated severalsubspecies of cetaceans to species level we have takena conservative approach here until more informationbecomes available, particularly for South Australianpopulations.

Recent synonyms for scientific names can be found inWilson and Reeder (1992), Walton (1988), Watts andAslin (1981) and Rice (1998).Common names follow Strahan (1995) with theaddition of some commonly used names (in brackets),particularly for bats. Cetacean common names followBannister et al. (1996).

The inclusion of several species deserves specialmention. A planigale that had not previously beenrecorded in South Australia has recently been identifiedfrom the far northeastern part of the State. It appears tobe like Planigale ingrami but final determinationawaits taxonomic revision in the genus. The Heath Rat,Pseudomys shortridgei, was discovered in thecollections of the South Australian Museum in 2000. Itwas collected from Kangaroo Island in 1967. TheCommon Sheathtail-bat, Taphozous georgianus,appeared on previous lists but is not included here.Since the only specimen for the State has been lost, it isnot possible to verify its identity.

Several species have been recorded near the SouthAustralian border and therefore could be, or have been,present in the State. These are Antechinus swainsonii,Antechinus agilis, Sminthopsis leucopus, Sminthopsislongicaudata and Mormopterus sp. (Eastern Freetail-bat).

The following list includes all species of mammalsreliably recorded as free-living forms from SouthAustralia during the period of European settlement. Thelist has the ordering and composition shown in the tablebelow (figures in brackets show the number ofintroduced families and species)

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Class Common Name Number offamilies

Number of species

Monotremata Platypus and Echidnas 1 2Dasyuromorphia Carnivorous Marsupials 2 26Peremelemorphia Bandicoots and Bilbies 1 8Notoryctemorphia Marsupial Moles 1 1Diprotodontia Koalas, Wombats, Possums and Macropods 9 30Chiroptera Bats 5 23Carnivora Carnivores 4(2) 12 (3)Cetacea Whales and Dolphins 8 28Perissodactyla Odd-toed Ungulates 1(1) 2 (2)Artiodactyla Even-toed Ungulates 4(4) 7 (7)Rodentia Rodents 1 26 (3)Lagomorpha Rabbits, hares and relatives 1(1) 2 (2)Totals 38 (8) 167 (17)

The conservation status of South Australian mammals is shown in the table below:

Class Common Name Total Species EX E V RMonotremata Platypus and Echidnas 2 1Dasyuromorphia Carnivorous Marsupials 26 4 5 2Peremelemorphia Bandicoots and Bilbies 8 6 1 1Notoryctemorphia Marsupial Moles 1 1Diprotodontia Koalas, Wombats, Possums and Macropods 31 9 3 3 6Chiroptera Bats 23 1 2 2 3Carnivora Carnivorous Eutherian Mammals 12 (3) 4Cetacea Whales and Dolphins 28 1 3 16Perissodactyla Odd-toed Ungulates 2 (2)Artiodactyla Even-toed Ungulates 7 (7)Rodentia Rodents 26 (3) 7 2 3Lagomorpha Rabbit and Hare 2 (2)Totals 167 (17) 26 16 12 31

Major references that have been consulted in the preparation of this listing and references cited in the text are listedbelow.

REFERENCESAitken, P. F. (1970). South Australian mammals. In

South Australian Yearbook, 1970.Government Printer, Adelaide.

Bannister, J. L., Kemper, C. M. and Warneke, R. M.(1996). The action plan for Australiancetaceans. Australian Nature ConservationAgency, Canberra.

Churchill, S. (1998). Australian bats. New HollandPublishers, Australia.

Finlayson, H. H. (1961). On central Australianmammals. Part IV - The distribution and statusof central Australian species. Records of theSouth Australian Museum 14, 141-191.

Flannery, T. F. (1990). Australia’s vanishingmammals. Reader’s Digest, Sydney.

Iredale, T. and Troughton, E. leG. (1934). A check-listof the mammals recorded from Australia.Australian Museum Memoirs 6, 1-122.

Jones, F. W. (1925). The mammals of South Australia.Parts I - III. Government Printer, Adelaide.

Ling, J. K. and Aitken, P. F. (1981). Marine Mammalsof South Australia. In South AustralianYearbook, 1981. Government Printer,Adelaide.

Reardon, T. B. and Flavel, S. C. (1991). A guide to thebats of South Australia. South AustralianMuseum, Adelaide.

Rice, D. W. (1998). Marine mammals of the world,systematics and distribution. SpecialPublication Number 4, The Society for MarineMammalogy. Allen Press, Lawrence

Robinson, A. C., Kemper, C. M., Medlin, G. andWatts, C. H. S. (2000). The rodents of SouthAustralia. Wildlife Research (in press)

Strahan, R. (ed.) (1995). The mammals of Australia.Australian Museum and Reed Books, Sydney.

Tunbridge, D. (1991). The story of the FlindersRanges mammals. Kangaroo Press, Sydney.

Walton, D. W. (1988). Zoological Catalogue ofAustralia. Vol 5 - Mammalia. AustralianGovernment Publishing Service, Canberra.

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Watts, C. H. S. and Aslin, H. J. (1981). The rodents ofAustralia. Angus and Robertson, Sydney.

Wilson, D. E. and Reeder, D. M. (1992). Mammalspecies of the world, a taxonomic andgeographic reference (second edition).Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington.

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CLASS MAMMALIA - Mammals

Subclass Prototheria - MonotremesORDER MONOTREMATA - Platypus and echidnas

FAMILY ORNITHORHYNCHIDAE - Platypus

1. Ornithorhynchus anatinus (Shaw, 1799) Platypus E

FAMILY TACHYGLOSSIDAE - Echidnas

2. Tachyglossus aculeatus (Shaw, 1792) Short-beaked Echidna

Subclass Marsupialia - MarsupialsORDER DASYUROMORPHIA - Carnivorous marsupials

FAMILY MYRMECOBIIDAE - Numbat

3. Myrmecobius fasciatus Waterhouse, 1836 Numbat EN, EOriginal populations extinct. Re-introduced to Yookamurra Sanctuary

FAMILY DASYURIDAE - Dasyurids

Subfamily Dasyurinae

4. Dasycercus byrnei (Spencer, 1896) Kowari EN, V5. Dasycercus cristicauda (Krefft, 1867) Mulgara VU, E

A taxonomic revision is in progress to characterise the two forms recognised from South Australia:Dasycercus cristicauda cristicauda Mulgara EDasycercus cristicauda hillieri (Thomas, 1905) Amperta R

6. Dasyurus geoffroii Gould, 1841 Western Quoll EN, EX7. Dasyurus maculatus (Kerr, 1792) Spotted-tailed Quoll (Tiger Quoll) V, EX8. Dasyurus viverrinus (Shaw, 1800) Eastern Quoll EX9. Pseudantechinus macdonnellensis (Spencer, 1895) Fat-tailed Pseudantechinus

Subfamily Phascogalinae

10. Antechinus flavipes (Waterhouse, 1838) Yellow-footed Antechinus11. Antechinus minimus (E. Geoffroy, 1803) Swamp Antechinus E12. Phascogale calura Gould, 1844 Red-tailed Phascogale EN, EX13. Phascogale tapoatafa (F. A. Meyer, 1793) Brush-tailed Phascogale E

Subfamily Planigalinae

14. Ningaui ridei Archer, 1975 Wongai Ningaui15. Ningaui yvonneae Kitchener, Stoddart & Henry, 1983 Southern Ningaui

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16. Planigale gilesi Aitken, 1972 Giles' Planigale (Paucident Planigale)17. Planigale cf ingrami (Thomas, 1906) Long-tailed Planigale

A taxonomic revision is in progress, specimens from the NE of South Australia may be referrable to this taxon.18. Planigale tenuirostris Troughton, 1928 Narrow-nosed Planigale

Subfamily Sminthopsinae

19. Antechinomys laniger (Gould, 1856) Kultarr20. Sminthopsis aitkeni Kitchener, Stoddart & Henry, 1984 Kangaroo Island Dunnart (Sooty Dunnart) EN, E21. Sminthopsis crassicaudata (Gould, 1844) Fat-tailed Dunnart22. Sminthopsis dolichura Kitchener, Stoddart & Henry, 1984 Little Long-tailed Dunnart23. Sminthopsis hirtipes Thomas, 1898 Hairy-footed Dunnart R24. Sminthopsis macroura (Gould, 1845) Stripe-faced Dunnart25. Sminthopsis murina (Waterhouse, 1838) Common Dunnart26. Sminthopsis ooldea Troughton, 1965 Ooldea Dunnart27. Sminthopsis psammophila Spencer, 1895 Sandhill Dunnart EN, E28. Sminthopsis youngsoni McKenzie & Archer, 1982 Lesser Hairy-footed Dunnart R

ORDER PERAMELEMORPHIA - Bandicoots and bilbies

FAMILY PERAMELIDAE - Bandicoots and bilbies

Subfamily Peramelinae

29. Chaeropus ecaudatus (Ogilby, 1838) Pig-footed Bandicoot EX, EX30. Isoodon auratus (Ramsay, 1887) Golden Bandicoot EN, EX31. Isoodon obesulus (Shaw, 1797) Southern Brown Bandicoot V32. Perameles bougainville Quoy & Gaimard, 1824 Western Barred Bandicoot E, EX33. Perameles eremiana Spencer, 1897 Desert Bandicoot EX, EX34. Perameles gunnii J. E. Gray, 1838 Eastern Barred Bandicoot VU, EX

Subfamily Thylacomyinae

35. Macrotis lagotis (Reid, 1837) Bilby (Greater Bilby) VU, EOriginal populations extinct. Introduced to Thistle Island and Yookamurra Sanctuary.

36. Macrotis leucura (Thomas, 1887) Lesser Bilby EX, EX

ORDER NOTORYCTEMORPHIA - Marsupial Mole

FAMILY NOTORYCTIDAE - Marsupial Mole

37. Notoryctes typhlops (Stirling, 1889) Marsupial Mole (Itjari itjari) EN, ENotoryctes caurinus Thomas, 1920 assumed to occur only north of South Australia, but species distribution poorly known

ORDER DIPROTODONTIA - Koala, wombats, possums and macropods

FAMILY PHASCOLARCTIDAE - Koala

38. Phascolarctos cinereus (Goldfuss, 1817) Koala ROriginal population extinct. Introduced to Kangaroo Island in 1923 and 1929 and from there to several areas of themainland.

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FAMILY VOMBATIDAE - Wombats

39. Lasiorhinus latifrons (Owen, 1845) Southern Hairy-nosed WombatIntroduced to Wedge Island and Pooginook Conservation Park.

40. Vombatus ursinus (Shaw, 1800) Common Wombat R

FAMILY - PHALANGERIDAE Brushtail possums, cuscuses and Scaly-tailed Possum

41. Trichosurus vulpecula (Kerr, 1792) Common Brushtail Possum

FAMILY POTOROIDAE - Potoroos, bettongs and Musky Rat-kangaroo

42. Bettongia lesueur (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) Burrowing Bettong , (Boodie) EN, EOriginal populations extinct. Introduced to Yookamurra Sanctuary

43. Bettongia penicillata Gray, 1837 Brush-tailed Bettong, (Woylie) LR(cd), ROriginal populations extinct. Introduced to St Peter Island, Wedge Island, Venus Bay Conservation Park and YookamurraSanctuary.

44. Caloprymnus campestris (Gould, 1843) Desert Rat-kangaroo EX, EX45. Potorous tridactylus (Kerr, 1792) Long-nosed Potoroo EN, EX

FAMILY MACROPODIDAE - Wallabies, kangaroos and tree kangaroos

46. Lagorchestes hirsutus Gould, 1844 Rufous Hare-wallaby, (Mala) EN, EX47. Lagorchestes leporides (Gould, 1841) Eastern Hare-wallaby EX, EX48. Macropus eugenii (Desmarest, 1817) Tammar Wallaby

Mainland subspecies M. e. eugenii extinct in SA but introduced to Kawau Island E, NZ. Kangaroo Island subspeciesM. e. decres still common.

49. Macropus fuliginosus (Desmarest, 1817) Western Grey Kangaroo50. Macropus giganteus Shaw, 1790 Eastern Grey Kangaroo R51. Macropus greyi Waterhouse, 1845 Toolache Wallaby EX, EX52. Macropus robustus Gould, 1841 Euro53. Macropus rufogriseus (Desmarest, 1817) Red-necked Wallaby R54. Macropus rufus (Desmarest, 1822) Red Kangaroo55. Onychogalea lunata (Gould, 1841) Crescent Nailtail Wallaby EX, EX56. Petrogale lateralis Gould, 1842 Black-footed Rock-wallaby VU, E

P.lateralis (McDonnell Ranges race) in NW of SA VU, E. P.l. pearsonii VU, V on Pearson Island and introduced toWedge, Thistle and West (now extinct) Islands.

57. Petrogale xanthopus J. E. Gray, 1855 Yellow-footed Rock-wallaby V58. Thylogale billardierii (Desmarest, 1822) Tasmanian Pademelon EX59. Wallabia bicolor (Desmarest, 1804) Swamp Wallaby V

FAMILY BURRAMYIDAE - Pygmy-possums

60. Cercartetus concinnus (Gould, 1845) Western Pygmy-possum61. Cercartetus lepidus (Thomas, 1888) Little Pygmy-possum62. Cercartetus nanus (Desmarest, 1818) Eastern Pygmy-possum V

FAMILY PSEUDOCHEIRIDAE - Ringtail possums and Greater Glider

63. Pseudocheirus peregrinus (Boddaert, 1785) Common Ringtail Possum

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FAMILY PETAURIDAE - Striped Possum, Leadbeater's Possum and wrist-winged gliders

64. Petaurus australis Shaw, 1791 Yellow-bellied Glider E65. Petaurus breviceps Waterhouse, 1839 Sugar Glider R

Note: the single museum record for the Mt Lofty Ranges (M17784 is probably a captive escapee66. Petaurus norfolcensis (Kerr, 1792) Squirrel Glider EX

FAMILY ACROBATIDAE - Feathertail Glider

67. Acrobates pygmaeus (Shaw, 1794) Feathertail Glider E

Subclass Eutheria - Eutherian or placentalmammals

ORDER - CHIROPTERA Bats

SUBORDER MEGACHIROPTERA - Megabats

FAMILY PTEROPODIDAE - Flying-foxes and relatives

68. Pteropus poliocephalus Temminck, 1825 Grey-headed Flying-fox O69. Pteropus scapulatus Peters, 1862 Little Red Flying-fox O

SUBORDER MICROCHIROPTERA - Microbats

FAMILY EMBALLONURIDAE - Sheathtail-bats

70. Saccolaimus flaviventris (Peters, 1867) Yellow-bellied Sheathtail Bat R71. Taphozous hilli Kitchener, 1980 Hill's Sheathtail Bat R

FAMILY MEGADERMATIDAE - False vampires

72. Macroderma gigas (Dobson, 1880) Ghost Bat VU, EX

FAMILY MOLOSSIDAE - Freetail-bats

73. Mormopterus spp. (Peters, 1865) Southern Freetail-batsA species complex which includes forms soon to become species in SA: Inland Freetail-bat (short penis form), EasternFreetail -bat (long penis form) and Hairy Rostrum Freetail -bat .R

74. Tadarida australis (J. E. Gray, 1838) White-striped Freetail-bat

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FAMILY VESPERTILIONIDAE - Ordinary bats

Subfamily Miniopterinae

75. Miniopterus schreibersii (Kuhl, 1817) Large Bentwing-bat

Subfamily Nyctophilinae

76. Nyctophilus geoffroyi Leach, 1821 Lesser Long-eared Bat77. Nyctophilus gouldi Tomes, 1858 Gould’s Long-eared Bat E78. Nyctophilus timoriensis (E. Geoffroy, 1806) Greater Long-eared Bat V

Subfamily Vespertilioninae

79. Chalinolobus gouldii J. E. Gray, 1841 Gould's Wattled Bat80. Chalinolobus morio J. E. Gray, 1841 Chocolate Wattled Bat81. Chalinolobus picatus Gould, 1852 Little Pied Bat V82. Falsistrellus tasmaniensis (Gould, 1851) Eastern Falsistrelle (Eastern False Pipistrelle) R83. Myotis macropus Gould, 1855 Southern Myotis E84. Scotorepens balstoni (Thomas, 1906) Inland Broad-nosed Bat85. Scotorepens greyii (Gray, 1843) Little Broad-nosed Bat86. Vespadelus baverstocki (Kitchener, Jones & Caputi, 1987) Inland Forest Bat87. Vespadelus darlingtoni (Allen,1933) Large Forest Bat88. Vespadelus finlaysoni (Kitchener, Jones & Caputi, 1987) Finlayson's Cave Bat89. Vespadelus regulus (Thomas, 1906) Southern Forest Bat90. Vespadelus vulturnus (Thomas, 1914) Little Forest Bat

ORDER CARNIVORA - Carnivores

FAMILY CANIDAE - Dogs, foxes and relatives

91. *Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758 Wolf (Dog, Dingo)The domestic or feral dog is C. l. familiaris. The Dingo is C. l. dingo (F. A. Meyer, 1793).

92. *Vulpes vulpes (Linnaeus, 1758) Fox (Red Fox)

FAMILY FELIDAE - Cats and relatives

93. *Felis catus Linnaeus, 1758 Cat (Feral Cat)

FAMILY OTARIIDAE - Eared seals

Subfamily Arctocephalinae

94. Arctocephalus forsteri (Lesson, 1828) New Zealand Fur-seal95. Arctocephalus tropicalis (J.E. Gray, 1872) Subantarctic Fur-seal96. Arctocephalus pusillus (Schreber, 1776) Australian Fur-seal R

Only one subspecies, A. p. doriferus Jones, 1925, found in Australian waters.

Subfamily Otariinae

97. Neophoca cinerea (Peron, 1816) Australian Sea-lion R

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FAMILY PHOCIDAE - Earless seals

98. Hydrurga leptonyx (Blainville, 1820) Leopard Seal O99. Leptonychotes weddellii (Lesson, 1826) Weddell Seal O100. Lobodon carcinophagus Hombron & Jacquinot, 1842 Crab-eater Seal O101. Mirounga leonina (Linnaeus, 1758) Southern Elephant Seal O102. Ommatophoca rossii J. E. Gray, 1844 Ross Seal O

ORDER CETACEA - Whales and dolphins

SUBORDER MYSTICETI - Baleen whales

FAMILY BALAENIDAE - Right Whales

103. Eubalaena australis (Desmoulins,1882) Southern Right Whale EN, V

FAMILY BALAENOPTERIDAE - Rorquals and Humpback Whale

104. Balaenoptera acutorostrata Lacepede, 1804 Minke Whale RTaxonomic revision is likely to result in two species in South Australian waters: B. acutorostrata Dwarf Minke Whale andB. bonaerensis Burmeister, 1867 Antarctic Minke Whale.

105. Balaenoptera borealis Lesson, 1828 Sei Whale VU106. Balaenoptera edeni Anderson, 1878 Bryde's Whale107. Balaenoptera musculus (Linnaeus, 1758) Blue Whale EN, E

Two subspecies are recognised which occur in South Australian waters: B. m. musculus the ‘true’ Blue Whale and B. m.brevicauda Ichihara, 1966 the Pygmy Blue Whale. They may be elevated to full species level in future.

108. Balaenoptera physalus (Linnaeus, 1758) Fin Whale VU, V109. Megaptera novaeangliae (Borowski, 1781) Humpback Whale VU, V

FAMILY NEOBALAENIDAE - Pygmy Right Whale

110. Caperea marginata (J. E. Gray, 1846) Pygmy Right Whale R

SUBORDER ODONTOCETI - Toothed whales and dolphins

FAMILY DELPHINIDAE - Dolphins, killer whales and pilot whales

111. Delphinus delphis Linnaeus, 1758 Common Dolphin112. Globicephala macrorynchus J. E. Gray,1846 Short-finned Pilot Whale R113. Globicephala melas (Traill, 1809) Long-finned Pilot Whale114. Grampus griseus (G. Cuvier, 1812) Risso's Dolphin R115. Lagenorhynchus obscurus (J. E. Gray, 1828) Dusky Dolphin R116. Orcinus orca (Linnaeus, 1758) Killer Whale. (Orca)117. Pseudorca crassidens (Owen, 1846) False Killer Whale R118. Tursiops truncatus (Montagu, 1821) Bottlenose Dolphin

Two subspecies are recognised which occur in South Australian waters: T. t. truncatus Common Bottlenose Dolphin and T.t. aduncus (Ehrenberg, 1833) Indian Ocean Bottlenose Dolphin. These may be elevated to full species level.

FAMILY PHOCOENIDAE - Porpoises

119. Phocoena dioptrica Lahille, 1912 Spectacled Porpoise O

FAMILY PHYSETERIDAE - Sperm Whale

120. Physeter macrocephalus Linnaeus, 1758 Sperm Whale R

FAMILY KOGIIDAE - Pygmy and dwarf sperm whales

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121. Kogia breviceps (de Blainville, 1838) Pygmy Sperm Whale R122. Kogia sima (Owen, 1866) Dwarf Sperm Whale R

FAMILY ZIPHIIDAE - Beaked Whales

123. Berardius arnuxii Duvernoy, 1851 Arnoux's Beaked Whale R124. Hyperoodon planifrons Flower, 1882 Southern Bottlenose Whale R125. Mesoplodon bowdoini Andrews, 1908 Andrews Beaked Whale R126. Mesoplodon grayi von Haast, 1876 Gray's Beaked Whale (Scamperdown Whale) R127. Mesoplodon hectori (J. E. Gray,1871) Hector's Beaked Whale R128. Mesoplodon layardii (J. E. Gray, 1865) Strap-toothed Whale129. Tasmacetus shepherdi Oliver, 1937 Shepherd's Beaked Whale (Tasman Beaked Whale) R130. Ziphius cavirostris G. Cuvier, 1823 Cuvier's Beaked Whale (Goosebeak Whale) R

ORDER PERISSODACTYLA - Odd-toed ungulates

FAMILY EQUIDAE - Horses, donkeys and relatives

131. *Equus asinus Linnaeus, 1758 Donkey (Feral Donkey)132. *Equus caballus Linnaeus, 1758 Horse (Brumby)

ORDER ARTIODACTYLA - Even-toed ungulates

FAMILY SUIDAE - Pigs and relatives

133. *Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 Pig (Feral Pig)

FAMILY CAMELIDAE - Camels and relatives

134. *Camelus dromedarius Linnaeus, 1758 One-humped Camel (Dromedary, Arabian Camel)

FAMILY CERVIDAE - Deer and relatives

135. *Cervus dama Linnaeus, 1758 Fallow Deer136. *Cervus elaphus Linnaeus, 1758 Red Deer

FAMILY BOVIDAE - Horned ruminants

137. *Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758 Cattle (European Cattle)139. *Capra hircus Linnaeus, 1758 Goat (Feral Goat)139. *Ovis aries Linnaeus, 1758 Sheep (Feral Sheep)

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ORDER RODENTIA - Rodents

FAMILY MURIDAE - Murids

Subfamily Hydromyinae

140. Conilurus albipes (Lichtenstein, 1829) White-footed Tree-rat EX, EXKnown only from subfossil material in SA. See Robinson et al. (2000).

141. Hydromys chrysogaster Geoffroy, 1804 Water-rat142. Leggadina forresti (Thomas, 1906) Forrest's Mouse143. Leporillus apicalis (Gould, 1853) Lesser Stick-nest Rat EX, EX144. Leporillus conditor (Sturt, 1848) Greater Stick-nest Rat EN, V

Extinct on SA mainland. Remaining wild population on the Franklin Islands. Introduced to Reevesby and St Peter Islands145. Notomys alexis Thomas, 1922 Spinifex Hopping-mouse146. Notomys amplus Brazenor, 1936 Short-tailed Hopping-mouse EX, EX

Known only from subfossil material in SA. See Robinson et al. (2000).147. Notomys cervinus (Gould, 1853) Fawn Hopping-mouse E148. Notomys fuscus (Jones, 1925) Dusky Hopping-mouse EN, V149. Notomys longicaudatus (Gould, 1844) Long-tailed Hopping-mouse EX, EX

Known only from subfossil material in SA. See Robinson et al. (2000).150. Notomys mitchellii (Ogilby, 1838) Mitchell's Hopping-mouse151. Pseudomys apodemoides Finlayson, 1932 Silky Mouse152. Pseudomys australis J. E. Gray, 1832 Plains Mouse (Plains Rat) VU, V153. Pseudomys bolami Troughton, 1932 Bolam's Mouse154. Pseudomys desertor Troughton, 1932 Desert Mouse (Brown Desert Mouse)155. Pseudomys fieldi (Waite, 1896) Shark Bay Mouse VU, EX

Known only from subfossil material in SA. See Robinson et al. (2000).156. Pseudomys gouldii (Waterhouse, 1839) Gould’s Mouse EX, EX

Known only from subfossil material in SA. See Robinson et al. (2000).157. Pseudomys hermannsburgensis (Waite, 1896) Sandy Inland Mouse158. Pseudomys shortridgei (Thomas, 1907) Heath Rat EN, E

Subfamily Murinae

159. *Mus musculus Linnaeus, 1766 House Mouse160. Rattus fuscipes (Waterhouse, 1839) Bush Rat161. Rattus lutreolus (J. E. Gray, 1841) Swamp Rat162. *Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout, 1769) Brown Rat (Sewer Rat, Norway Rat)163. *Rattus rattus (Linnaeus, 1758) Black Rat (Ship Rat, Roof Rat)164. Rattus tunneyi (Thomas, 1904) Pale Field-rat EX165. Rattus villosissimus (Waite, 1898) Long-haired Rat (Plague Rat)

ORDER LAGOMORPHA - Rabbits, hares and relatives

FAMILY LEPORIDAE - Rabbits and hares

166. *Lepus capensis Linnaeus, 1758 Brown Hare, (European Hare)167. *Oryctolagus cuniculus (Linnaeus, 1758) Rabbit, (European Rabbit)

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1. PlatypusOrnithorhynchus anatinus

2. Short-beaked EchidnaTachyglossus aculeatus

3. NumbatMyrmecobius fasciatus

4. KowariDasycercus byrnei

5. MulgaraDasycercus cristicauda

6. Western QuollDasyurus geoffroii

7. Spotted-tail QuollDasyurus maculatus

8. Eastern QuollDasyurus viverrinus

9. Fat-tailed PseudantechinusPseudantechinusmacdonnellensis

10. Yellow-footed AntechinusAntechinus flavipes

11. Swamp AntechinusAntechinus minimus

12. Red-tailed PhascogalePhascogale calura

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13. Brush-tailed PhascogalePhascogale tapoatafa

14. Wongai NingauiNingaui ridei

15. Yvonne's NingauiNingaui yvonneae

16. Giles’ PlanigalePlanigale gilesi

17. Long-tailed PlanigalePlanigale cf ingrami

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18. Narrow-nosed PlanigalePlanigale tenuirostris

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19. KultarrAntechinomys laniger

20. Kangaroo Island DunnartSminthopsis aitkeni

21. Fat-tailed DunnartSminthopsis crassicaudata

22. Little Long-tailed DunnartSminthopsis dolichura

23. Hairy-footed DunnartSminthopsis hirtipes

24. Stripe-faced DunnartSminthopsis macrouraSee

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25. Common DunnartSminthopsis murina

26. Ooldea DunnartSminthopsis ooldea

27. Sandhill DunnartSminthopsis psammophila

28. Lesser Hairy-footedDunnart

Sminthopsis youngsoni%%

29. Pig-footed BandicootChaeropus ecaudatus

%

30. Golden BandicootIsoodon auratus

31. Southern Brown BandicootIsoodon obesulus

32. Western Barred BandicootPerameles bougainville

33. Desert BandicootPerameles eremiana

%

34. Eastern Barred BandicootPerameles gunnii

35. Greater BilbyMacrotis lagotis

36. Lesser BilbyMacrotis leucuraSee

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37. Marsupial MoleNotoryctes typhlops

38. KoalaPhascolarctos cinereus

39. Hairy-nosed WombatLasiorhinus latifrons

40. Common WombatVombatus ursinus

41. Common Brushtail PossumTrichosurus vulpecula

42. Burrowing BettongBettongia lesueur

43. Brush-tailed BettongBettongia penicillata

44. Desert Rat-kangarooCaloprymnus campestris

45. Long-nosed PotorooPotorous tridactylus

46. Rufous Hare-wallabyLagorchestes. hirsutus

47. Eastern Hare-wallabyLagorchestes leporides

48. TammarMacropus eugeniiSee

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49. Western Grey KangarooMacropus fuliginosus

50. Eastern Grey KangarooMacropus giganteus

51. Toolache WallabyMacropus greyi

52. EuroMacropus robustus

53. Red-necked WallabyMacropus rufogriseus

54. Red KangarooMacropus rufus

55. Crescent Nailtail WallabyOnychogalea lunata

56. Black-footed Rock WallabyPetrogale lateralis

57. Yellow-footed Rock-wallabyPetrogale xanthopus

58. Tasmanian PademelonThylogale billardierii

59. Swamp WallabyWallabia bicolor

60. Western Pygmy-possumCercartetus concinnusSee

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61. Little Pygmy-possumCercartetus lepidus

62. Eastern Pygmy-possumCercartetus nanus

63. Common Ringtail PossumPseudocheirus peregrinus

64. Yellow-bellied GliderPetaurus australis

65. Sugar GliderPetaurus breviceps

66. Squirrel GliderPetaurus norfolkensis

67. Feathertail GliderAcrobates pygmaeus

68. Grey-headed Flying-foxPteropus poliocephalus

%

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69. Little Red Flying-foxPteropus scapulatus

70. Yellow-bellied SheathtailBat

Saccolaimus flaviventris

71. Hill's Sheathtail-batTaphozous hilli

72. Ghost BatMacroderma gigas

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73. Southern Freetail-batsMormopterus spp.

74. White-striped Freetail-batTadarida australis

75. Common Bentwing-batMiniopterus schreibersii

76. Lesser Long-eared BatNyctophilus geoffroyi

77. Gould’s long-eared BatNyctophilus gouldi

78. Greater Long-eared BatNyctophilus timoriensis

79. Gould's Wattled BatChalinolobus gouldii

80. Chocolate Wattled BatChalinolobus morio

81. Little Pied BatChalinolobus picatus

82. Eastern FalsistrelleFalsistrellus tasmaniensis

83 Southern MyotisMyotis macropus

84. Inland Broad-nosed BatScotorepens balstoni

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85. Little Broad-nosed BatScotorepens greyii

86. Inland Forest BatVespadelus baverstocki

87. Large Forest BatVespadelus darlingtoni

88. Finlayson’s Cave BatVespadelus finlaysoni

89. Southern Forest BatVespadelus regulus

90. Little Forest BatVespadelus vulturnus

91. *Dingo*Canis lupus dingo

92. *Fox*Vulpes vulpes

93. *Cat*Felis catus

94. New Zealand Fur-sealArctocephalus forsteri

95. Subantarctic Fur-sealArctocephalus tropicalis

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97. Australian Sea-lionNeophoca cinerea

98. Leopard SealHydrurga leptonyx

99. Weddell SealLeptonychotes weddell

100. Crab-eater SealLobodon carcinophagus

101. Southern Elephant SealMirounga leonina

102. Ross SealOmmatophoca rossii

NO MAPS FOR CETACEANS

131. *Donkey*Equus asinus

132. *Horse*Equus caballus

133. *Pig*Sus scrofa

134. *One-humped Camel*Camelus dromedarius

135. *Fallow Deer*Cervus dama

136. *Red Deer*Cervus elaphus

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137. *Cattle*Bos taurus

138. *Goat*Capra hircus

139. *Sheep*Ovis aries

140. White-footed Tree-ratConilurus albipes

Known only from subfossilmaterial in SA. See Robinson et

al. (2000).

141. Water RatHydromys chrysogaster

142. Forrest's MouseLeggadina forresti

143. Lesser Stick-nest RatLeporillus apicalis

144. Greater Stick-nest RatLeporillus conditor

145. Spinifex Hopping-mouseNotomys alexis

146. Short-tailed Hopping-mouse

Notomys amplus

Known only from subfossilmaterial in SA. See Robinson et

al. (2000).

147. Fawn Hopping-mouseNotomys cervinus

148. Dusky Hopping-mouseNotomys fuscus

149. Long-tailed Hoppingmouse

Notomys longicaudatus

Known only from subfossilmaterial in SA. See Robinson et

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150. Mitchell's Hopping-mouseNotomys mitchellii

151. Silky MousePseudomys apodemoides

152. Plains MousePseudomys australis

153. Bolam's MousePseudomys bolami

154. Desert MousePseudomys desertor

155. Shark Bay MousePseudomys fieldi

Known only from subfossilmaterial in SA. See Robinson et

al. (2000).

156. Gould's MousePseudomys gouldii

Known only from subfossilmaterial in SA. See Robinson et

al. (2000).

157. Sandy Inland MousePseudomys hermannsburgensis

158. Heath RatPseudomys shortridgei

159. *House Mouse*Mus musculus

160. Bush RatRattus fuscipes

161. Swamp RatRattus lutreolus

162. *Brown Rat*Rattus norvegicusSee

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163. *Black Rat*Rattus rattus

164. Pale Field-ratRattus tunneyi

165. Long-haired RatRattus villosissimus

166. *Brown Hare*Lepus capensis

167. *Rabbit*Oryctolagus cuniculus

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A List of the Vertebrates of South Australia_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Birds_______________________________________________________________________________________________

Compiled by Philippa Horton, Collection Manager, BirdsSouth Australian Museum, North Terrace, ADELAIDE 5000

The following list includes all species of birds reliablyrecorded as free living forms from South Australiaduring the period of European settlement. Introducedspecies for which there are no current, established, feralpopulations are given in a supplementary list at the endof this chapter.

The bird chapters in the first and second editions of thisvertebrate list (Aslin, 1985; Watts, 1990) were writtenby the late Shane Parker, and it is his work that I havedrawn on in preparing this list. I have, however, madenumerous changes to the bird list of the second edition(1990), in order to incorporate recent observations andthe results of recent research. Two recent publicationshave had and will continue to have a profound effect onAustralian bird taxonomy: Christidis and Boles (1994)and Schodde and Mason (1999). I have relied heavilyon both volumes, and the Latin and English names andtaxonomic order I have used mostly follows theseworks, although within families the genera and withingenera the species are here in alphabetical order. I haveincluded subfamilies only in a few instances, in order toseparate clearly defined groups that would otherwise bemuddled in an alphabetical listing. Commonly usedalternative English names are given in brackets.

The most radical departures from the second edition ofthis list are:The return of several non-passerine groups to ordinalstatus, instead of being subsumed in a vastly expandedCiconiiformes following Sibley and Monroe (1990),and,The resurrection of several passerine families,previously included in an expanded Corvidae followingSibley and Monroe (1990).As discussed by Christidis and Boles (1994)relationships among these groups remain equivocal andrequire further research, but in the interests of utilityand convention these authors followed conservativeclassifications. To maintain uniformity I followChristidis and Boles (1994) for the classification ofthese groups, and also Schodde and Mason (1999) forpasserines.

Numerous species included in this list are vagrants oroccasional visitors in South Australia and cannot beconsidered as part of our established fauna. These Ihave annotated with the status category ‘O’.

The distribution maps have been compiled from severalsources, as listed in the general Introduction. There arehowever countless additional valid bird observationsthat are not represented in the maps, for example thoseheld by the South Australian OrnithologicalAssociation. The maps however generally provide agood guide to the species’ distributions although theyare not necessarily definitive.

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The following table gives the bird Orders in the sequence that they appear in the main list. Figures in brackets show thenumber of introduced families or species.

Order Common Names Number ofFamilies

Number ofSpecies

Struthioniformes Ostrich, Emu 2(1) 3(1)Galliformes Megapodes, pheasants, quails 2 6(2)Anseriformes Swans, geese, ducks 2 19(1)Podicipediformes Grebes 1 3Sphenisciformes Penguins 1 7Procellariiformes Tubenoses 3 45Pelecaniformes Tropicbirds, gannets, Darter, cormorants, Pelican 5 9Ciconiiformes Herons, bitterns, ibises, spoonbills 2 16Falconiformes Osprey, hawks, eagles, falcons 2 21Gruiformes Cranes, rails, Bustard 3 12(1)Turniciformes Button-quails 1 3Charadriiformes Plains-wanderer, sandpipers & allies, Painted Snipe,

Stone-curlew, oystercatchers, stilts, plovers, dotterels,pratincoles, gulls, terns

9 80

Columbiformes Pigeons, doves 1 10(3)Psittaciformes Cockatoos, parrots 2 34Cuculiformes Cuckoos 1 8Strigiformes Owls 2 6Caprimulgiformes Frogmouths, nightjars, Owlet-nightjar 3 3Apodiformes Swifts 1 3Coraciiformes Kingfishers, Bee-eater, Roller 3 6Passeriformes Songbirds 28(3) 173(6)Totals 74(4) 467(14)

The conservation status of South Australian birds is shown in the table below:

Order Common Names TotalSpecies

EX E V R

Struthioniformes Ostrich, Emu 3(1) 1 1Galliformes Megapodes, pheasants, quails 6(2) 1 2 1Anseriformes Swans, geese, ducks 19(1) 1 1 4Podicipediformes Grebes 3 1Sphenisciformes Penguins 7Procellariiformes Tubenoses 45 10 4Pelecaniformes Tropicbirds, gannets, Darter, cormorants, Pelican 9Ciconiiformes Herons, bitterns, ibises, spoonbills 16 1 4Falconiformes Osprey, hawks, eagles, falcons 21 2 5Gruiformes Cranes, rails, Bustard 12(1) 3 1Turniciformes Button-quails 3 1 1Charadriiformes Plains-wanderer, sandpipers & allies, Painted Snipe,

Stone-curlew, oystercatchers, stilts, plovers, dotterels,pratincoles, gulls, terns

80 1 5 4

Columbiformes Pigeons, doves 10(3) 1 1Psittaciformes Cockatoos, parrots 34 5 6 5Cuculiformes Cuckoos 8 1Strigiformes Owls 6 1 2Caprimulgiformes Frogmouths, nightjars, owlet-nightjar 3Apodiformes Swifts 3Coraciiformes Kingfishers, Bee-eater, Roller 6 1Passeriformes Songbirds 173(6) 1 1 11 27Totals 467(14) 2 10 44 62

REFERENCES

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A List of the Vertebrates of South Australia_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Baxter, C. (1995). An Annotated List of the Birds ofKangaroo Island. 2nd edn. South AustralianNational Parks and Wildlife Service, Adelaide.

Christidis, L. and Boles, W. E. (1994). The Taxonomyand Species of Birds of Australia and itsTerritories. RAOU Monograph 2. RoyalAustralasian Ornithologists’ Union, Melbourne.

Christidis, L. and Schodde, R. (1991). Relationships ofAustralo-Papuan songbirds (Aves: Passeriformes):protein evidence. Ibis 133: 277-285.

Condon, H.T. (1975). Checklist of the Birds ofAustralia. Part 1 Non-Passerines. RoyalAustralasian Ornithologists’ Union, Melbourne.

Copley, P.B. (1996). The status of seabirds in SouthAustralia. Pp 139-180 in Ross, G.J.B., Weaver, K.and Greig, J.C. (Editors). The Status of Australia’sSeabirds: Proceedings of the National SeabirdWorkshop, Canberra, 1-2 November 1993.Biodiversity Group, Environment Australia,Canberra.

Higgins, P.J. (1999). Handbook of Australian, NewZealand and Antarctic Birds. Volume 4: Parrots toDollarbird. Oxford University Press, Melbourne.

Higgins, P.J. and Davies, S.J.J.F. (Editors). (1996).Handbook of Australian, New Zealand andAntarctic Birds. Volume 3: Snipe to Pigeons.Oxford University Press, Melbourne.

McAllan, I. A. W. and Bruce, M. D. (1989). The Birdsof New South Wales: A Working List. BioconResearch Group, Sydney.

Marchant, S. and Higgins, P.J. (Editors). (1990).Handbook of Australian, New Zealand andAntarctic Birds. Volume1: Ratites to Ducks. OxfordUniversity Press, Melbourne.

Marchant, S. and Higgins, P.J. (Editors). (1993).Handbook of Australian, New Zealand andAntarctic Birds. Volume 2: Raptors to Lapwings.Oxford University Press, Melbourne.

Mathews, G. M. (1948). Systematic notes on thepetrels. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club68: 155-170.

Nunn, G. B., Cooper, J., Jouventin, P., Robertson, C. J.R. and Robertson, G. G. (1996). Evolutionaryrelationships among extant albatrosses(Procellariiformes: Diomedeidae) established fromcomplete cytochrome-b sequences. The Auk 113:784-801.

Parker, S. A., Eckert, H. J., Ragless, G. B., Cox, J. B.and Reid, N. C. H. (1979). An Annotated Checklistof the Birds of South Australia. Part 1.: Emus toSpoonbills. South Australian OrnithologicalAssociation, Adelaide.

Parker, S. A., Eckert, H. J. and Ragless, G. B. (1985).An Annotated Checklist of the Birds of SouthAustralia. Part 2A: Waterfowl. South AustralianOrnithological Association, Adelaide.

Robertson, C. J. R. and Nunn, G. B. (1998). Towards anew taxonomy for albatrosses. Pp. 13-19 inRobertson, G. and Gales, R. (Editors). AlbatrossBiology and Conservation. Surrey Beatty and Sons,Sydney.

Schodde, R. (1975). Interim List of AustralianSongbirds. Passerines. Royal AustralasianOrnithologists’ Union, Melbourne.

Schodde, R. and Mason, I. J. (1997). Aves(Columbidae to Coraciidae). In Houston, W.W.K.and Wells, A. (Editors). Zoological Catalogue ofAustralia. Volume 37.2. CSIRO Publishing,Melbourne.

Schodde, R. and Mason, I. J. (1999). The Directory ofAustralian Birds: Passerines. CSIRO Publishing,Melbourne.

Sibley, C.G. and Ahlquist J.E. (1990). Phylogeny andClassification of Birds. A Study in MolecularEvolution. Yale University Press, New Haven.

Sibley, C.G. and Monroe, B.L. (1990). Distributionand Taxonomy of Birds of the World. YaleUniversity Press, New Haven.

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CLASS AVES - Birds

ORDER STRUTHIONIFORMES - Ostriches, cassowaries and emus

FAMILY CASUARIIDAE - Cassowaries and emus

1. Dromaius baudinianus Parker, 1984 Kangaroo Island Emu EX, EX2. Dromaius novaehollandiae (Latham, 1790) Emu

Introduced to Kangaroo and Wedge IslandsFAMILY STRUTHIONIDAE - Ostriches

3. *Struthio camelus Linnaeus, 1758 Ostrich R

ORDER GALLIFORMES - Megapodes, pheasants, quails and allies

FAMILY MEGAPODIIDAE - Megapodes

4. *Alectura lathami J.E. Gray, 1831 Australian Brush-turkey5. Leipoa ocellata Gould, 1840 Malleefowl VU, V

FAMILY PHASIANIDAE - Pheasants, quails and allies

6. Coturnix chinensis (Linnaeus, 1766) King Quail E7. Coturnix pectoralis Gould, 1837 Stubble Quail8. Coturnix ypsilophora Bosc, 1792 Brown Quail (Swamp Quail) V9. *Pavo cristatus Linnaeus, 1758 Indian Peafowl (Blue Peafowl) R

ORDER ANSERIFORMES – Swans, geese, ducks and allies

FAMILY ANSERANATIDAE - Magpie Goose

10. Anseranas semipalmata (Latham, 1798) Magpie Goose ECurrent population at Bool Lagoon re-introduced from the Northern Territory.

FAMILY ANATIDAE - Geese, swans and ducks

Subfamily Dendrocygninae - Whistling-Ducks

11. Dendrocygna eytoni (Eyton, 1838) Plumed Whistling-Duck

Subfamily Oxyurinae - Stiff-tailed Duck

12. Oxyura australis Gould, 1837 Blue-billed Duck R13. Biziura lobata (Shaw, 1796) Musk Duck R

Subfamily Stictonettinae - Freckled Duck

14. Stictonetta naevosa (Gould, 1841) Freckled Duck V

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Subfamily Anserinae - Swans and geese

15. Cereopsis novaehollandiae Latham, 1802 Cape Barren Goose R16. Cygnus atratus (Latham, 1790) Black Swan

Subfamily Tadorninae - Shelducks

17. Tadorna radjah (Lesson, 1828) Radjah Shelduck (Burdekin Duck) O18. Tadorna tadornoides (Jardine & Selby, 1828) Australian Shelduck (Mountain Duck)

Subfamily Anatinae - Ducks and geese

19. Anas castanea (Eyton, 1838) Chestnut Teal20. Anas clypeata Linnaeus, 1758 Northern Shoveler O21. Anas gracilis Buller, 1869 Grey Teal (Australasian Grey Teal)22. *Anas platyrhynchos Linnaeus, 1758 Mallard

Hybrids between Mallards and Pacific Black Ducks are found in the wild23. Anas querquedula Linnaeus, 1758 Garganey O24. Anas rhynchotis Latham, 1802 Australasian Shoveler (Blue-winged Shoveler) R25. Anas superciliosa Gmelin, 1789 Pacific Black Duck (Black Duck)

Hybrids between Pacific Black Ducks and Mallards are found in the wild26. Aythya australis (Eyton, 1838) Hardhead (White-eyed Duck)27. Chenonetta jubata (Latham, 1802) Australian Wood Duck (Maned Duck)28. Malacorhynchus membranaceus (Latham, 1802) Pink-eared Duck

ORDER PODICIPEDIFORMES - Grebes

FAMILY PODICIPEDIDAE - Grebes

29. Podiceps cristatus (Linnaeus, 1758) Great Crested Grebe R30. Poliocephalus poliocephalus (Jardine & Selby, 1827) Hoary-headed Grebe31. Tachybaptus novaehollandiae (Stephens, 1826) Australasian Grebe (Little Grebe)

ORDER SPHENISCIFORMES - Penguins

FAMILY SPHENISCIDAE - Penguins

32. Aptenodytes patagonicus J.F. Miller, 1778 King Penguin O33. Eudyptes chrysocome (Forster, 1781) Rockhopper Penguin O34. Eudyptes chrysolophus (Brandt, 1837) Macaroni Penguin (Royal Penguin) O35. Eudyptes pachyrhynchus G.R. Gray, 1845 Fiordland Penguin O36. Eudyptes robustus Oliver, 1953 Snares Penguin O37. Eudyptes sclateri Buller, 1888 Erect-crested Penguin O38. Eudyptula minor (Forster, 1781) Little Penguin (Fairy Penguin)

ORDER PROCELLARIIFORMES - Tubenoses

FAMILY PROCELLARIIDAE - Shearwaters, petrels and diving-petrels

39. Daption capense (Linnaeus, 1758) Cape Petrel40. Fulmarus glacialoides (Smith, 1840) Southern Fulmar41. Halobaena caerulea (Gmelin, 1789) Blue Petrel V42. Lugensa brevirostris (Lesson, 1831) Kerguelen Petrel43. Macronectes giganteus (Gmelin, 1789) Southern Giant-Petrel44. Macronectes halli Mathews, 1912 Northern Giant-Petrel45. Pachyptila belcheri (Mathews, 1912) Slender-billed Prion

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46. Pachyptila desolata (Gmelin, 1789) Antarctic Prion (Dove Prion)47. Pachyptila salvini (Mathews, 1912) Salvin’s Prion (Medium-billed Prion)48. Pachyptila turtur (Kuhl, 1820) Fairy Prion49. Pachyptila vittata (Forster, 1777) Broad-billed Prion R50. Pagodroma nivea (Forster, 1777) Snow Petrel O51. Pelecanoides georgicus Murphy & Harper, 1916 South Georgian Diving-Petrel O52. Pelecanoides urinatrix (Gmelin, 1789) Common Diving-Petrel R53. Procellaria aequinoctialis Linnaeus, 1758 White-chinned Petrel O54. Procellaria cinerea Gmelin, 1789 Grey Petrel O55. Pterodroma inexpectata (Forster, 1844) Mottled Petrel O56. Pterodroma lessonii (Garnot, 1826) White-headed Petrel57. Pterodroma leucoptera (Gould, 1844) Gould's Petrel O58. Pterodroma macroptera (Smith, 1840) Great-winged Petrel59. Pterodroma mollis (Gould, 1844) Soft-plumaged Petrel VU, O60. Puffinus assimilis Gould, 1838 Little Shearwater O61. Puffinus carneipes Gould, 1844 Fleshy-footed Shearwater R62. Puffinus gavia (Forster, 1844) Fluttering Shearwater63. Puffinus gravis (O’Reilly, 1818) Great Shearwater O64. Puffinus griseus (Gmelin, 1789) Sooty Shearwater O65. Puffinus huttoni Mathews, 1912 Hutton's Shearwater66. Puffinus pacificus (Gmelin, 1789) Wedge-tailed Shearwater O67. Puffinus puffinus (Brünnich, 1764) Manx Shearwater O68. Puffinus tenuirostris (Temminck, 1835) Short-tailed Shearwater (Muttonbird)69. Thalassoica antarctica (Gmelin, 1789) Antarctic Petrel O

FAMILY DIOMEDEIDAE - Albatrosses

Molecular studies by Nunn et al. (1996) indicate that Diomedea (sensu Condon, 1975) is paraphyletic in that the southern“mollymawks” (bulleri, cauta, chlororhynchos, chrysostoma, melanophris) are more closely related to Phoebetria than to otherDiomedea. Alternative actions are 1) to split Diomedea into monophyletic genera (as Nunn et al. recommended), or 2) to returnPhoebetria to Diomedea (as per Mathews, 1948). I have examined various characteristics previously used to separate or combinealbatross species (bill plates, skull structure, nesting habits) and conclude that the species are relatively uniform and that allcharacteristics exhibit intermediate forms in one or other species. I therefore believe that the albatrosses are better regarded assubgeneric groupings within Diomedea.

Robertson and Nunn (1998) proposed that currently recognised subspecies of albatrosses would be better regarded as species(based on Nunn et al., 1996, unpublished data, biogeographical considerations, and a desire to raise threatened subspecies tospecies in order to improve their conservation status). Until further data are published that support their elevation, the currentarrangement is followed here. Threatened subspecies, or any other discrete populations, should be regarded as significant asspecies for conservation purposes.

70. Diomedea bulleri Rothschild, 1893 Buller's Albatross VU, V, O71. Diomedea cauta Gould, 1841 Shy Albatross VU, V72. Diomedea chlororhynchos Gmelin, 1789 Yellow-nosed Albatross V73. Diomedea chrysostoma Forster, 1785 Grey-headed Albatross VU, V74. Diomedea epomophora Lesson, 1825 Royal Albatross VU, V,O

includes Diomedea epomophora sanfordi Murphy, 1917 Northern Royal Albatross EN, E, O75. Diomedea exulans Linnaeus, 1758 Wandering Albatross VU, V76. Diomedea fusca Hilsenberg, 1822 Sooty Albatross VU, V, O77. Diomedea melanophris Temminck, 1828 Black-browed Albatross V78. Diomedea palpebrata Forster, 1785 Light-mantled Sooty Albatross R

FAMILY HYDROBATIDAE - Storm-petrels

79. Fregetta tropica (Gould, 1844) Black-bellied Storm-Petrel O80. Oceanites nereis (Gould, 1841) Grey-backed Storm-Petrel O

Some authors place this species in a monotypic genus Garrodia, but the evidence for this generic split is equivocal.81. Oceanites oceanicus (Kuhl, 1820) Wilson's Storm-Petrel82. Oceanodroma leucorhoa (Vieillot, 1818) Leach’s Storm-Petrel O83. Pelagodroma marina (Latham, 1790) White-faced Storm-Petrel

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ORDER PELECANIFORMES - Tropicbirds, gannets, boobies, darters,cormorants, pelicans and frigatebirds

FAMILY PHAETHONTIDAE - Tropicbirds

84. Phaethon rubricauda Boddaert, 1783 Red-tailed Tropicbird O

FAMILY SULIDAE - Gannets and boobies

85. Morus serrator (G.R. Gray, 1843) Australasian Gannet

FAMILY ANHINGIDAE - Darters

86. Anhinga melanogaster Pennant, 1769 Darter

FAMILY PHALACROCORACIDAE - Cormorants

87. Phalacrocorax carbo (Linnaeus, 1758) Great Cormorant (Black Cormorant)88. Phalacrocorax fuscescens (Vieillot, 1817) Black-faced Cormorant (Black-faced Shag)89. Phalacrocorax melanoleucos (Vieillot, 1817) Little Pied Cormorant90. Phalacrocorax sulcirostris (Brandt, 1837) Little Black Cormorant91. Phalacrocorax varius (Gmelin, 1789) Pied Cormorant

FAMILY PELECANIDAE - Pelicans

92. Pelecanus conspicillatus Temminck, 1824 Australian Pelican

ORDER CICONIIFORMES - Herons, bitterns, ibises, spoonbills andstorks

FAMILY ARDEIDAE - Herons and bitterns

93. Ardea alba Linnaeus, 1758 Great Egret (White Egret)94. Ardea ibis Linnaeus, 1758 Cattle Egret95. Ardea intermedia Wagler, 1829 Intermediate Egret (Plumed Egret) R96. Ardea pacifica Latham, 1802 White-necked Heron (Pacific Heron)97. Ardea picata Gould, 1845 Pied Heron O98. Botaurus poiciloptilus (Wagler, 1827) Australasian Bittern (Brown Bittern) V99. Egretta garzetta (Linnaeus, 1766) Little Egret100. Egretta novaehollandiae (Latham, 1790) White-faced Heron101. Egretta sacra (Gmelin, 1789) Eastern Reef Egret (Reef Heron) R102. Ixobrychus minutus (Linnaeus, 1766) Little Bittern R103. Nycticorax caledonicus (Gmelin, 1789) Nankeen Night Heron (Rufous Night Heron)

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FAMILY THRESKIORNITHIDAE - Ibises and spoonbills

104. Platalea flavipes Gould, 1838 Yellow-billed Spoonbill105. Platalea regia Gould, 1838 Royal Spoonbill106. Plegadis falcinellus (Linnaeus, 1766) Glossy Ibis R107. Threskiornis molucca (Cuvier, 1829) Australian White Ibis (Sacred Ibis)

Combined by some authors with T. aethiopicus, but shown by Lowe and Richards (1991. Emu 91: 41) to be morphologicallydistinct.

108. Threskiornis spinicollis (Jameson, 1835) Straw-necked Ibis

ORDER FALCONIFORMES - Osprey, hawks, eagles, falcons and allies

FAMILY ACCIPITRIDAE - Osprey, hawks, eagles and allies

Subfamily Pandioninae – Osprey

109. Pandion haliaetus (Linnaeus, 1758) Osprey R

Subfamily Accipitrinae - Hawks, eagles and allies

110. Accipiter cirrhocephalus (Vieillot, 1817) Collared Sparrowhawk111. Accipiter fasciatus (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827) Brown Goshawk112. Accipiter novaehollandiae (Gmelin, 1788) Grey Goshawk (White Goshawk) R, O113. Aquila audax (Latham, 1802) Wedge-tailed Eagle114. Circus approximans Peale, 1848 Swamp Harrier (Marsh Harrier)115. Circus assimilis Jardine & Selby, 1828 Spotted Harrier116. Elanus axillaris (Latham, 1802) Black-shouldered Kite117. Elanus scriptus Gould, 1842 Letter-winged Kite118. Haliaeetus leucogaster (Gmelin, 1788) White-bellied Sea-Eagle V119. Haliastur sphenurus (Vieillot, 1818) Whistling Kite120. Hamirostra melanosternon (Gould, 1841) Black-breasted Buzzard R121. Hieraaetus morphnoides (Gould, 1841) Little Eagle122. Lophoictinia isura (Gould, 1838) Square-tailed Kite V123. Milvus migrans (Boddaert, 1783) Black Kite

FAMILY FALCONIDAE - Falcons

124. Falco berigora Vigors & Horsfield, 1827 Brown Falcon125. Falco cenchroides Vigors & Horsfield, 1827 Nankeen Kestrel (Australian Kestrel)126. Falco hypoleucos Gould, 1841 Grey Falcon R127. Falco longipennis Swainson, 1837 Australian Hobby (Little Falcon)128. Falco peregrinus Tunstall, 1771 Peregrine Falcon R129. Falco subniger G.R. Gray, 1843 Black Falcon

ORDER GRUIFORMES - Cranes, rails, bustards and allies

FAMILY GRUIDAE - Cranes

130. Grus rubicunda (Perry, 1810) Brolga V

FAMILY RALLIDAE - Rails, crakes and allies

131. Fulica atra Linnaeus, 1758 Eurasian Coot132. *Gallinula mortierii (Du Bus, 1840) Tasmanian Native-hen133. Gallinula tenebrosa Gould, 1846 Dusky Moorhen134. Gallinula ventralis Gould, 1837 Black-tailed Native-hen135. Gallirallus philippensis (Linnaeus, 1766) Buff-banded Rail (Banded Landrail)

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136. Porphyrio porphyrio (Linnaeus, 1758) Purple Swamphen137. Porzana fluminea Gould, 1843 Australian Spotted Crake138. Porzana pusilla (Pallas, 1776) Baillon's Crake (Marsh Crake) R139. Porzana tabuensis (Gmelin, 1789) Spotless Crake140. Rallus pectoralis Temminck, 1831 Lewin's Rail V

FAMILY OTIDIDAE - Bustards

141. Ardeotis australis (J.E. Gray, 1829) Australian Bustard V

ORDER TURNICIFORMES - Button-quails

Relationships of the Turnicidae are equivocal; on morphological grounds it has been placed with various groups butprincipally with gruiforms or galliforms. DNA hybridisation studies indicate no clear relationship with any other group,although Sibley and Ahlquist (1990) argued a closer relationship with gruiforms. On the basis of skull structure (similar toPedionomidae) the Turnicidae is placed here.

FAMILY TURNICIDAE - Button-quails

142. Turnix pyrrhothorax (Gould, 1841) Red-chested Button-quail R143. Turnix varia (Latham, 1802) Painted Button-quail V144. Turnix velox (Gould, 1841) Little Button-quail

ORDER CHARADRIIFORMES - Plains-wanderer, sandpipers and allies,Painted Snipe, stone-curlews, oystercatchers, stilts, plovers, dotterels,

pratincoles, gulls and terns

FAMILY PEDIONOMIDAE - Plains-wanderer

145. Pedionomus torquatus Gould, 1840 Plains-wanderer VU, V

FAMILY SCOLOPACIDAE - Sandpipers and allies

Subfamily Gallinagoninae - Snipe

146. Gallinago hardwickii (J.E. Gray, 1831) Latham's Snipe (Japanese Snipe) V

Subfamily Tringinae - Godwits, curlews, ‘shanks’ and allies

147. Actitis hypoleucos (Linnaeus, 1758) Common Sandpiper148. Heteroscelus brevipes (Vieillot, 1816) Grey-tailed Tattler149. Limosa haemastica (Linnaeus, 1758) Hudsonian Godwit O150. Limosa lapponica (Linnaeus, 1758) Bar-tailed Godwit151. Limosa limosa (Linnaeus, 1758) Black-tailed Godwit152. Numenius madagascariensis (Linnaeus, 1766) Eastern Curlew V153. Numenius minutus Gould, 1841 Little Curlew (Little Whimbrel) R154. Numenius phaeopus (Linnaeus, 1758) Whimbrel155. Tringa flavipes (Gmelin, 1789) Lesser Yellowlegs O156. Tringa glareola Linnaeus, 1758 Wood Sandpiper157. Tringa nebularia (Gunnerus, 1767) Common Greenshank158. Tringa stagnatilis (Bechstein, 1803) Marsh Sandpiper159. Tringa totanus (Linnaeus, 1758) Common Redshank O160. Xenus cinereus (Güldenstädt, 1775) Terek Sandpiper

Subfamily Arenariinae - Turnstones

161. Arenaria interpres (Linnaeus, 1758) Ruddy Turnstone

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Subfamily Calidrinae - Arctic sandpipers and allies

162. Calidris acuminata (Horsfield, 1821) Sharp-tailed Sandpiper163. Calidris alba (Pallas, 1764) Sanderling164. Calidris bairdii (Coues, 1861) Baird's Sandpiper O165. Calidris canutus (Linnaeus, 1758) Red Knot166. Calidris ferruginea (Pontoppidan, 1763) Curlew Sandpiper167. Calidris fuscicollis (Vieillot, 1819) White-rumped Sandpiper O168. Calidris melanotos (Vieillot, 1819) Pectoral Sandpiper169. Calidris minuta (Leisler, 1812) Little Stint O

Calidris paramelanotos Parker 1982 Cox’s Sandpiper – now shown to be hybrid C.ferruginea x C melanotos, Christidis et al.(1966). The Condor 98: 459.

170. Calidris ruficollis (Pallas, 1776) Red-necked Stint171. Calidris subminuta (Middendorff, 1853) Long-toed Stint172. Calidris tenuirostris (Horsfield, 1821) Great Knot173. Limicola falcinellus (Pontoppidan, 1763) Broad-billed Sandpiper O174. Philomachus pugnax (Linnaeus, 1758) Ruff175. Tryngites subruficollis (Vieillot, 1819) Buff-breasted Sandpiper O

Subfamily Phalaropodinae - Phalaropes

176. Phalaropus fulicaria (Linnaeus, 1758) Grey Phalarope O177. Phalaropus lobatus (Linnaeus, 1758) Red-necked Phalarope O

FAMILY ROSTRATULIDAE - Painted Snipe

178. Rostratula benghalensis (Linnaeus, 1758) Painted Snipe R

FAMILY BURHINIDAE - Stone-curlews

179. Burhinus grallarius (Latham, 1802) Bush Stone-curlew (Southern Stone-curlew, Bush Thick-knee) V

FAMILY HAEMATOPODIDAE - Oystercatchers

180. Haematopus fuliginosus Gould, 1845 Sooty Oystercatcher181. Haematopus longirostris Vieillot, 1817 Pied Oystercatcher

FAMILY RECURVIROSTRIDAE - Avocets and stilts

182. Cladorhynchus leucocephalus (Vieillot, 1816) Banded Stilt183. Himantopus himantopus (Linnaeus, 1758) Black-winged Stilt (White-headed Stilt)184. Recurvirostra novaehollandiae Vieillot, 1816 Red-necked Avocet

FAMILY CHARADRIIDAE - Plovers and dotterels

185. Charadrius australis (Gould, 1841) Inland Dotterel186. Charadrius bicinctus Jardine & Selby, 1827 Double-banded Plover (Double-banded Dotterel)187. Charadrius dubius Scopoli, 1786 Little Ringed Plover O188. Charadrius hiaticula Linnaeus, 1758 Ringed Plover O189. Charadrius leschenaultii Lesson, 1826 Greater Sand Plover (Large Sand Plover)190. Charadrius mongolus Pallas, 1776 Lesser Sand Plover (Mongolian Dotterel)191. Charadrius ruficapillus Temminck, 1822 Red-capped Plover (Red-capped Dotterel)192. Charadrius veredus Gould, 1848 Oriental Plover (Oriental Dotterel)193. Elseyornis melanops (Vieillot, 1818) Black-fronted Dotterel (Black-fronted Plover)194. Erythrogonys cinctus Gould, 1838 Red-kneed Dotterel195. Pluvialis fulva (Gmelin, 1789) Pacific Golden Plover (Lesser Golden Plover)196. Pluvialis squatarola (Linnaeus, 1758) Grey Plover

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197. Thinornis rubricollis (Gmelin, 1789) Hooded Plover (Hooded Dotterel) VU, V198. Vanellus miles (Boddaert, 1783) Masked Lapwing (Spur-winged Plover)199. Vanellus tricolor (Vieillot, 1818) Banded Lapwing (Banded Plover)

FAMILY GLAREOLIDAE - Pratincoles and coursers

200. Glareola maldivarum Forster, 1795 Oriental Pratincole O201. Stiltia isabella (Vieillot, 1816) Australian Pratincole

FAMILY LARIDAE Gulls, skuas and allies

SUBFAMILY STERCORARIINAE - Skuas and jaegers

202. Catharacta skua Brünnich, 1764 Great Skua (Brown Skua, Subantarctic Skua)The taxonomic status of populations of Catharacta is unresolved (Higgins and Davies, 1996). This treatment follows Christidisand Boles (1994) and includes antarctica and the population occurring in Australia, lonnbergi, as subspecies of C. skua. Otherauthors separate the northern hemisphere skua, leaving southern populations as subspecies of C. antarctica, including C. a.lonnbergi. Yet others consider the populations as allospecies.

203. Catharacta maccormicki (Saunders, 1893) South Polar Skua O204. Stercorarius longicaudus Vieillot, 1819 Long-tailed Jaeger (Long-tailed Skua) O205. Stercorarius parasiticus (Linnaeus, 1758) Arctic Jaeger (Arctic Skua)206. Stercorarius pomarinus (Temminck, 1815) Pomarine Jaeger (Pomerine Skua)

Subfamily Larinae - Gulls

207. Larus dominicanus Lichtenstein, 1823 Kelp Gull (Dominican Gull)208. Larus novaehollandiae Stephens, 1826 Silver Gull209. Larus pacificus Latham, 1802 Pacific Gull210. Larus pipixcan Wagler, 1831 Franklin’s Gull O211. Larus sabini Sabine, 1819 Sabine’s Gull O

Subfamily Sterninae - Terns and noddies

212. Chlidonias hybridus (Pallas, 1811) Whiskered Tern (Marsh Tern)213. Chlidonias leucopterus (Temminck, 1815) White-winged Black Tern214. Sterna albifrons Pallas, 1764 Little Tern EN, V215. Sterna anaethetus Scopoli, 1786 Bridled Tern O216. Sterna bergii Lichtenstein, 1823 Crested Tern217. Sterna caspia Pallas, 1770 Caspian Tern218. Sterna fuscata Linnaeus, 1766 Sooty Tern O219. Sterna hirundo Linnaeus, 1758 Common Tern R220. Sterna nereis (Gould, 1843) Fairy Tern V221. Sterna nilotica Gmelin, 1789 Gull-billed Tern222. Sterna paradisaea Pontoppidan, 1763 Arctic Tern O223. Sterna striata Gmelin, 1789 White-fronted Tern224. Sterna vittata Gmelin, 1789 Antarctic Tern E, E OAustralian subspecies S. v. bethunei Buller, 1896 considered E

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ORDER COLUMBIFORMES - Pigeons and doves

FAMILY COLUMBIDAE - Pigeons and doves

225. *Columba livia Gmelin,1789 Rock Dove (Feral Pigeon)226. Geopelia cuneata (Latham, 1802) Diamond Dove227. Geopelia placida Gould, 1844 Peaceful Dove

This species is considered by some authors as a subspecies of the SE Asian G. striata; this list follows Schodde and Mason(1997) in maintaining it as a separate species.

228. Geophaps plumifera Gould, 1842 Spinifex Pigeon (Plumed Pigeon) R229. Ocyphaps lophotes (Temminck, 1822) Crested Pigeon230. Phaps chalcoptera (Latham, 1790) Common Bronzewing231. Phaps elegans (Temminck, 1809) Brush Bronzewing232. Phaps histrionica (Gould, 1841) Flock Bronzewing (Flock Pigeon) V233. *Streptopelia chinensis (Scopoli, 1786) Spotted Turtle-Dove234. *Streptopelia 'risoria' (Linnaeus, 1758) Ringed Turtle-Dove (Barbary Dove)

This is a domesticated form of S.roseogrisea (Sundevall, 1857) African Collared-Dove; there is a localised population inmetropolitan Adelaide.

ORDER PSITTACIFORMES - Cockatoos and parrots

FAMILY CACATUIDAE - Cockatoos and Cockatiel

235. Cacatua galerita (Latham, 1790) Sulphur-crested Cockatoo236. Cacatua leadbeateri (Vigors, 1831) Major Mitchell's Cockatoo (Pink Cockatoo) V237. Cacatua roseicapilla Vieillot, 1817 Galah238. Cacatua sanguinea Gould, 1843 Little Corella239. Cacatua tenuirostris (Kuhl, 1820) Long-billed Corella240. Callocephalon fimbriatum (Grant, 1803) Gang-gang Cockatoo R

Kangaroo Island population introduced in 1940 and 1956.241. Calyptorhynchus banksii (Latham,1790) Red-tailed Black-Cockatoo

includes Calyptorhynchus banksii graptogyne Schodde, Saunders & Homberger, 1989 (from the South-East) EN, Eand Calyptorhynchus banksii samueli Mathews, 1917 (from the far north) R

242. Calyptorhynchus funereus (Shaw, 1794) Yellow-tailed Black-Cockatoo VThe Eyre Peninsula population of this species is considered E

243. Calyptorhynchus lathami (Temminck, 1807) Glossy Black-Cockatoo ECalyptorhynchus lathami halmaturinus Mathews, 1912 from Kangaroo Island is the only South Australian subspecies and is EN,E

244. Nymphicus hollandicus (Kerr, 1792) Cockatiel

FAMILY PSITTACIDAE - Parrots

245. Aprosmictus erythropterus (Gmelin, 1788) Red-winged Parrot R246. Barnardius zonarius (Shaw, 1805) Australian Ringneck (Ring-necked Parrot)247. Glossopsitta concinna (Shaw, 1791) Musk Lorikeet248. Glossopsitta porphyrocephala (Dietrichsen, 1837) Purple-crowned Lorikeet249. Glossopsitta pusilla (Shaw, 1790) Little Lorikeet V250. Lathamus discolor (Shaw, 1790) Swift Parrot V251. Melopsittacus undulatus (Shaw, 1805) Budgerigar252. Neophema chrysogaster (Latham, 1790) Orange-bellied Parrot EN, E253. Neophema chrysostoma (Kuhl, 1820) Blue-winged Parrot V254. Neophema elegans (Gould, 1837) Elegant Parrot255. Neophema petrophila (Gould, 1841) Rock Parrot R256. Neophema pulchella (Shaw, 1792) Turquoise Parrot O257. Neophema splendida (Gould, 1841) Scarlet-chested Parrot R258. Neopsephotus bourkii (Gould, 1841) Bourke's Parrot259. Northiella haematogaster (Gould, 1838) Blue Bonnet

includes Northiella haematogaster narethae (H.L. White, 1921) V260. Pezoporus occidentalis (Gould, 1861) Night Parrot EN, E

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261. Pezoporus wallicus (Kerr, 1792) Ground Parrot (Swamp Parrot) EMay still occur in lower SE; EX in Mt Lofty Ranges-Adelaide Plains region.

262. Platycercus elegans (Gmelin, 1788) Crimson Rosella (includes Adelaide Rosella and Yellow Rosella)263. Platycercus eximius (Shaw, 1792) Eastern Rosella264. Polytelis alexandrae Gould, 1863 Princess Parrot VU, R265. Polytelis anthopeplus (Lear, 1831) Regent Parrot V266. Psephotus haematonotus (Gould, 1838) Red-rumped Parrot267. Psephotus varius Clark, 1910 Mulga Parrot268. Trichoglossus haematodus (Linnaeus, 1771) Rainbow Lorikeet

ORDER CUCULIFORMES - Cuckoos

FAMILY CUCULIDAE - Cuckoos

269. Cacomantis flabelliformis (Latham, 1802) Fan-tailed Cuckoo270. Cacomantis variolosus (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827) Brush Cuckoo O271. Chrysococcyx basalis (Horsfield, 1821) Horsfield's Bronze-Cuckoo

Relationships among species of Chrysococcyx sensu lato are unresolved and some authors separate Australian species asChalcites (e.g. Schodde and Mason, 1997). Pending further evidence, Christidis and Boles (1994) are followed here.

272. Chrysococcyx lucidus (Gmelin, 1788) Shining Bronze-Cuckoo R273. Chrysococcyx osculans (Gould, 1847) Black-eared Cuckoo274. Cuculus pallidus (Latham, 1802) Pallid Cuckoo275. Cuculus saturatus Hodgson, 1843 Oriental Cuckoo O276. Scythrops novaehollandiae Latham, 1790 Channel-billed Cuckoo O

ORDER STRIGIFORMES - Owls

FAMILY STRIGIDAE - Typical owls

277. Ninox connivens (Latham, 1802) Barking Owl R278. Ninox novaeseelandiae (Gmelin, 1788) Southern Boobook (Boobook Owl)

Relationships between populations of N. novaeseelandiae remain equivocal, and some authors separate Australian populations asN. boobook (e.g. Schodde and Mason, 1997).

279. Ninox strenua (Gould, 1838) Powerful Owl O

FAMILY TYTONIDAE - Barn Owls

280. Tyto alba (Scopoli, 1769) Barn Owl281. Tyto capensis (A. Smith, 1834) Grass Owl R282. Tyto novaehollandiae (Stephens, 1826) Masked Owl E

ORDER CAPRIMULGIFORMES - Frogmouths, nightjars and owlet-nightjars

FAMILY PODARGIDAE - Frogmouths

283. Podargus strigoides (Latham, 1802) Tawny Frogmouth

FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE - Nightjars

284. Eurostopodus argus (Hartert, 1892) Spotted Nightjar

FAMILY AEGOTHELIDAE - Owlet-nightjars

285. Aegotheles cristatus (Shaw, 1790) Australian Owlet-nightjar

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ORDER APODIFORMES - Swifts

FAMILY - APODIDAE Swifts

286. Apus affinis (J.E. Gray, 1830) House Swift O287. Apus pacificus (Latham, 1802) Fork-tailed Swift288. Hirundapus caudacutus (Latham, 1802) White-throated Needletail (Spine-tailed Swift)

ORDER CORACIIFORMES - Kingfishers, bee-eaters and rollers

FAMILY ALCEDINIDAE - Kingfishers

Schodde and Mason (1997) are followed here in retaining the wood (tree) kingfishers within Alcedinidae.

Subfamily Alecedininae - River kingfishers

289. Alcedo azurea Latham, 1802 Azure Kingfisher E (in South-East), EX (in Mt Lofty Ranges-Adelaide Plains)

Subfamily Halcyoninae - Wood kingfishers

290. Dacelo novaeguineae (Hermann, 1783) Laughing Kookaburra291. Todiramphus pyrrhopygia (Gould, 1840) Red-backed Kingfisher292. Todiramphus sanctus (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827) Sacred Kingfisher

FAMILY MEROPIDAE - Bee-eaters

293. Merops ornatus Latham, 1802 Rainbow Bee-eater (Rainbow Bird)

FAMILY CORACIIDAE - Rollers

294. Eurystomus orientalis (Linnaeus, 1766) Dollarbird O

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1. Kangaroo Island EmuDromaius baudinianus

2. EmuDromaius novaehollandiae

3. *Ostrich*Struthio camelus

4. *Brush Turkey*Alectura lathami

5. MalleefowlLeipoa ocellata

6. King QuailCoturnix chinensis

7. Stubble QuailCoturnix pectoralis

8.Brown QuailCoturnix ypsilophora

9. *Indian Peafowl*Pavo cristatus

10. Magpie GooseAnseranas semipalmata

11. Plumed Whistling-DuckDendrocygna eytoni

12. Blue-billed DuckOxyura australis

52

13. Musk DuckBiziura lobata

14. Freckled DuckStictonetta naevosa

15. Cape Barren GooseCereopsis novaehollandiae

16. Black SwanCygnus atratus

17. Radjah ShelduckTadorna rajah

%

%

%

18. Australian ShelduckTadorna tadornoides

19. Chestnut TealAnas castanea

20. Northern ShovelerAnas clypeata

21. Grey TealAnas gracilis

22. *Mallard*Anas platyrhynchos

23. GarganeyAnas querquedula

%

24. Australasian ShovelerAnas rhynchotis

53

25. Pacific Black DuckAnas superciliosa

26. HardheadAythya australis

27. AustralainWood DuckChenonetta jubata

28. Pink-eared DuckMalacorhynchus membranaceus

29. Great Crested GrebePodiceps cristatus

30. Hoary-headed GrebePoliocephalus poliocephalus

31. Australasian GrebeTachybaptus novaehollandiae

32. King PenguinAptenodytes patagonicus

33. Rockhopper PenguinEudyptes chrysocome

34. Macaroni PenguinEudyptes chrysolophus

35. Fiordland PenguinEudyptes pachyrhynchus

36. Snares PenguinEudyptes robustus

54

37. Erect-crested PenguinEudyptes sclateri

%

38. Little PenguinEudyptula minor

39. Cape PetrelDaption capense

40. Southern FulmarFulmarus glacialoides

41. Blue PetrelHalobaena caerulea

42. Kerguelen PetrelLugensa brevirostris

43. Southern Giant-PetrelMacronectes giganteus

44. Northern Giant-PetrelMacronectes halli

%

%%

%

45. Slender-billed PrionPachyptila belcheri

46. Antarctic PrionPachyptila desolata

47. Salvin’s PrionPachyptila salvini

48. Fairy PrionPachyptila turtur

55

49. Broad-billed PrionPachyptila vittata

50. Snow PetrelPagodroma nivea

%

51 South Georgian Diving-Petrel

Pelecanoides georgicus

52. Common Diving-PetrelPelecanoides urinatrix

53. White-chinned PetrelProcellaria aequinoctialis

54. Grey PetrelProcellaria cinerea

55. Mottled PetrelPterodroma inexpectata

56. White-headed PetrelPterodroma lessonii

57. Gould’s PetrelPterodroma leucoptera

58. Great-winged PetrelPterodroma macroptera

59. Soft-plumaged PetrelPterodroma mollis

60. Little ShearwaterPuffinis assimilis

56

61. Fleshy-footed ShearwaterPuffinus carneipes

62. Fluttering ShearwaterPuffinus gavia

63. Great ShearwaterPuffinus gravis

% %

64. Sooty ShearwaterPuffinus griseus

65. Hutton's ShearwaterPuffinus huttoni

66. Wedge-tailed ShearwaterPuffinus pacificus

%

67. Manx ShearwaterPuffinus puffinus

%

68. Short-tailed ShearwaterPuffinus tenuirostris

69. Antarctic PetrelThalassoica antarctica

70. Buller's AlbatrossDiomedea bulleri

71. Shy AlbatrossDiomedea cauta

72. Yellow-nosed AlbatrossDiomedea chlororhynchos

57

73. Grey-headed AlbatrossDiomedea chrysostoma

74. Royal AlbatrossDiomedea epomophora

75. Wandering AlbatrossDiomedea exulans

76. Sooty AlbatrossDiomedea fusca

77. Black-browed AlbatrossDiomedea melanophris

78. Light-mantled SootyAlbatross

Diomedea palpebrata

79. Black-bellied Storm-PetrelFregetta tropica

80. Grey-backed Storm-PetrelOceanites nereis

81. Wilson's Storm-PetrelOceanites oceanicus

82. Leach’s Storm-PetrelOceanodroma leucorhoa

%

83. White-faced Storm-PetrelPelagodroma marina

84. Red-tailed TropicbirdPhaethon rubricauda

58

85. Australasian GannetMorus serrator

86. DarterAnhinga melanogaster

87. Great CormorantPhalacrocorax carbo

88. Black-faced CormorantPhalacrocorax fuscescens

89. Little Pied CormorantPhalacrocorax melanoleucos

90. Little Black CormorantPhalacrocorax sulcirostris

91. Pied CormorantPhalacrocorax varius

92. Australian PelicanPelecanus conspicillatus

93. Great EgretArdea alba

94. Cattle EgretArdea ibis

95. Intermediate EgretArdea intermedia

96. White-necked HeronArdea pacifica

59

97. Pied HeronArdea picata

%

98. Australasian BitternBotaurus poiciloptilus

99. Little EgretEgretta garzetta

100. White-faced HeronEgretta novaehollandiae

101. Eastern Reef EgretEgretta sacra

102. Little BitternIxobrychus minutus

103. Nankeen Night HeronNycticorax caledonicus

104. Yellow-billed SpoonbillPlatalea flavipes

105. Royal SpoonbillPlatalea regia

106. Glossy IbisPlegadis falcinellus

107. Australian White IbisThreskiornis molucca

108. Straw-necked IbisThreskiornis spinicollis

60

109. OspreyPandion haliaetus

110. Collared SparrowhawkAccipiter cirrhocephalus

111. Brown GoshawkAccipiter fasciatus

112. Grey GoshawkAccipiter novaehollandiae

113. Wedge-tailed EagleAquila audax

114. Swamp HarrierCircus approximans

115. Spotted HarrierCircus assimilis

116. Black-shouldered KiteElanus axillaris

117. Letter-winged KiteElanus scriptus

118. White-bellied Sea-EagleHaliaeetus leucogaster

119. Whistling KiteHaliastur sphenurus

120. Black-breasted BuzzardHamirostra melanosternon

61

121. Little EagleHieraaetus morphnoides

122. Square-tailed KiteLophoictinia isura

123. Black KiteMilvus migrans

124. Brown FalconFalco berigora

125. Nankeen KestrelFalco cenchroides

126. Grey FalconFalco hypoleucos

127. Australian HobbyFalco longipennis

128. Peregrine FalconFalco peregrinus

129. Black FalconFalco subniger

130. BrolgaGrus rubicunda

131. Eurasian CootFulica atra

132. *Tasmanian Native-hen*Gallinula mortieri

%

62

133. Dusky MoorhenGallinula tenebrosa

134. Black-tailed Native-henGallinula ventralis

135. Buff-banded RailGallirallus philippensis

136. Purple SwamphenPorphyrio porphyrio

137. Australian Spotted CrakePorzana fluminea

138. Baillon's CrakePorzana pusilla

139. Spotless CrakePorzana tabuensis

140. Lewin's RailRallus pectoralis

141. Australian BustardArdeotis australis

142. Red-chested Button-quailTurnix pyrrhothorax

143. Painted Button-quailTurnix varia

144. Little Button-quailTurnix velox

63

145. Plains-wandererPedionomus torquatus

146. Latham's SnipeGallinago hardwickii

147. Common SandpiperActitis hypoleucos

148. Grey-tailed TattlerHeteroscelus brevipes

149. Hudsonian GodwitLimosa haemastica

%

150. Bar-tailed GodwitLimosa lapponica

151. Black-tailed GodwitLimosa limosa

152. Eastern CurlewNumenius madagascariensis

153. Little CurlewNumenius minutus

154. WhimbrelNumenius phaeopus

155. Lesser YellowlegsTringa flavipes

%

156. Wood SandpiperTringa glareola

64

157. Common GreenshankTringa nebularia

158. Marsh SandpiperTringa stagnatilis

159. Common RedshankTringa totanus

%

%

160. Terek SandpiperXenus cinereus

161. Ruddy TurnstoneArenaria interpres

162. Sharp-tailed SandpiperCalidris acuminata

163. SanderlingCalidris alba

164. Bairds SandpiperCalidris bairdii

%

165. Red KnotCalidris canutus

166. Curlew SandpiperCalidris ferruginea

167. White-rumped SandpiperCalidris fuscicollis

%

168. Pectoral SandpiperCalidris melanotos

65

169. Little StintCalidris minuta

170. Red-necked StintCalidris ruficollis

171. Long-toed StintCalidris subminuta

172. Great KnotCalidris tenuirostris

173. Broad-billed SandpiperLimicola falcinellus

174. RuffPhilomachus pugnax

175. Buff-breasted SandpiperTryngites subruficollis

%

176. Grey PhalaropePhalaropus fulicaria

177. Red-necked PhalaropePhalaropus lobatus

178. Painted SnipeRostratula benghalensis

179. Bush Stone-curlewBurhinus grallarius

180. Sooty OystercatcherHaematopus fuliginosus

66

181. Pied OystercatcherHaematopus longirostris

182. Banded StiltCladorhynchus leucocephalus

183. Black-winged StiltHimantopus himantopus

184. Red-necked AvocetRecurvirostra novaehollandiae

185. Inland DotterelCharadrius australis

186. Double-banded PloverCharadrius bicinctus

187. Little Ringed PloverCharadrius dubius

188. Ringed PloverCharadrius hiaticula

%

189. Greater Sand PloverCharadrius leschenaultii

190. Lesser Sand PloverCharadrius mongolus

191. Red-capped PloverCharadrius ruficapillus

192. Oriental PloverCharadrius veredus

67

193. Black-fronted DotterelElseyornis melanops

194. Red-kneed DotterelErythrogonys cinctus

195. Pacific Golden PloverPluvialis fulva

196. Grey PloverPluvialis squatarola

197. Hooded PloverThinornis rubricollis

198. Masked LapwingVanellus miles

199. Banded LapwingVanellus tricolor

200. Oriental PratincoleGlareola maldivarum

201. Australian PratincoleStiltia isabella

202. Great SkuaCatharacta skua

203. South Polar SkuaCatharacta maccormicki

%

204. Long-tailed JaegerStercorarius longicaudus

%

%

68

205. Arctic JaegerStercorarius parasiticus

206. Pomarine JaegerStercorarius pomarinus

207. Kelp GullLarus dominicanus

208. Silver GullLarus novaehollandiae

209. Pacific GullLarus pacificus

210. Franklin’s GullLarus pipixcan

%

211. Sabine’s GullLarus sabini

%

212. Whiskered TernChlidonias hybridus

213. White-winged Black TernChlidonias leucopterus

214. Little TernSterna albifrons

215. Bridled TernSterna anaethetus

216. Crested TernSterna bergii

69

217. Caspian TernSterna caspia

218. Sooty TernSterna fuscata

219. Common TernSterna hirundo

220. Fairy TernSterna nereis

221. Gull-billed TernSterna nilotica

222. Arctic TernSterna paradisaea

223. White-fronted TernSterna striata

224. Antarctic TernSterna vittata

225. *Rock Dove*Columba livia

226. Diamond DoveGeopelia cuneata

227. Peaceful DoveGeopelia placida

228. Spinifex PigeonGeophaps plumifera

70

229. Crested PigeonOcyphaps lophotes

230. Common BronzewingPhaps chalcoptera

231. Brush BronzewingPhaps elegans

232. Flock BronzewingPhaps histrionica

233. *Spotted Turtle-Dove*Streptopelia chinensis

234. *Ringed Turtle-Dove*Streptopelia ‘risoria’

235. Sulphur-crested CockatooCacatua galerita

236. Major Mitchell’s CockatooCacatua leadbeateri

237. GalahCacatua roseicapilla

238. Little CorellaCacatua sanguinea

239. Long-billed CorellaCacatua tenuirostris

240. Gang-gang CockatooCallocephalon fimbriatum

71

241. Red-tailed Black-CockatooCalyptorhynchus banksii

242. Yellow-tailed Black-Cockatoo

Calyptorhynchus funereus

243. Glossy Black-CockatooCalyptorhynchus lathami

244. CockatielNymphicus hollandicus

245. Red-winged ParrotAprosmictus erythropterus

246. Australian RingneckBarnardius zonarius

247. Musk LorikeetGlossopsitta concinna

248. Purple-crowned LorikeetGlossopsitta porphyrocephala

249. Little LorikeetGlossopsitta pusilla

250. Swift ParrotLathamus discolor

251. BudgerigarMelopsittacus undulatus

252. Orange-bellied ParrotNeophema chrysogaster

72

253. Blue-winged ParrotNeophema chrysostoma

254. Elegant ParrotNeophema elegans

255. Rock ParrotNeophema petrophila

256. Turquoise ParrotNeophema pulchella

%

257. Scarlet-chested ParrotNeophema splendida

258. Bourke's ParrotNeopsephotus bourkii

259. BluebonnetNorthiella haematogaster

260. Night ParrotPezoporus occidentalis

261. Ground ParrotPezoporus wallicus

262. Crimson Rosella (includesAdelaide and Yellow Rosellas)

Platycercus elegans

263. Eastern RosellaPlatycercus eximius

264. Princess ParrotPolytelis alexandrae

73

265. Regent ParrotPolytelis anthopeplus

266. Red-rumped ParrotPsephotus haematonotus

267. Mulga ParrotPsephotus varius

268. Rainbow LorikeetTrichoglossus haematodus

269. Fan-tailed CuckooCacomantis flabelliformis

270. Brush CuckooCacomantis variolosus

%

271. Horsfield's Bronze-CuckooChrysococcyx basalis

272. Shining Bronze-CuckooChrysococcyx lucidus

273. Black-eared CuckooChrysococcyx osculans

274. Pallid CuckooCuculus pallidus

275. Oriental CuckooCuculus saturatus

%

276. Channel-billed CuckooScythrops novaehollandiae

%

%

74

277. Barking OwlNinox connivens

278. Southern BoobookNinox novaeseelandiae

279. Powerful OwlNinox strenua

%

280. Barn OwlTyto alba

281. Grass OwlTyto capensis

282. Masked OwlTyto novaehollandiae

283. Tawny FrogmouthPodargus strigoides

284. Spotted NightjarEurostopodus argus

285. Australian Owlet-nightjarAegotheles cristatus

286. House SwiftApus affinus

%

287. Fork-tailed SwiftApus pacificus

288. White-throated NeedletailHirundapus caudacutus

75

289. Azure KingfisherAlcedo azurea

290. Laughing KookaburraDacelo novaeguineae

291. Red-backed KingfisherTodiramphus pyrrhopygia

292. Sacred KingfisherTodiramphus sanctus

293. Rainbow Bee-eaterMerops ornatus

294. DollarbirdEurystomus orientalis

76

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ORDER PASSERIFORMES - Songbirds

FAMILY CLIMACTERIDAE - Australopapuan treecreepers

295. Climacteris affinis Blyth, 1864 White-browed Treecreeper R296. Climacteris picumnus Temminck, 1824 Brown Treecreeper297. Climacteris rufa Gould, 1841 Rufous Treecreeper298. Cormobates leucophaeus (Latham, 1802) White-throated Treecreeper

FAMILY MALURIDAE - Fairy-wrens, emu-wrens and grasswrens

Subfamily Malurinae - Fairy-wrens (blue wrens) and emu-wrens

299. Malurus cyaneus (Ellis, 1782) Superb Fairy-wren (Superb Blue Wren)300. Malurus lamberti Vigors & Horsfield, 1827 Variegated Fairy-wren (Variegated Wren)301. Malurus leucopterus Dumont, 1824 White-winged Fairy-wren (White-winged Wren)302. Malurus pulcherrimus Gould, 1844 Blue-breasted Fairy-wren (Blue-breasted Wren) V303. Malurus splendens (Quoy & Gaimard, 1830) Splendid Fairy-wren (Splendid Wren)304. Stipiturus malachurus (Shaw, 1798) Southern Emu-wren R

Includes Stipiturus malachurus malachurus (Shaw, 1798) South-east population R, S. m. halmaturinus Parsons, 1920 KangarooIsland population R, S. m. intermedius (Ashby, 1920) Mount Lofty Ranges population EN, E, and S. m. parimeda Schodde &Weatherly, 1981 southern Eyre Peninsula population VU, E

305. Stipiturus mallee A.J. Campbell, 1908 Mallee Emu-wren VU, V306. Stipiturus ruficeps A.J. Campbell, 1899 Rufous-crowned Emu-wren R

Subfamily Amytornithinae - Grasswrens

307. Amytornis barbatus Favaloro & McEvey, 1968 Grey Grasswren R308. Amytornis goyderi (Gould, 1875) Eyrean Grasswren309. Amytornis merrotsyi Mellor, 1913 Short-tailed Grasswren R

Formerly considered as a subspecies of Amytornis striatus. Molecular work by Christidis (1999. Aust. J. Zool. 47: 113) combinedwith morphological features indicates that it is a separate species.

310. Amytornis purnelli (Mathews, 1914) Dusky Grasswren311. Amytornis striatus (Gould, 1840) Striated Grasswren V312. Amytornis textilis (Dumont, 1824) Thick-billed Grasswren V

Includes Amytornis textilis textilis (Dumont, 1824) western population E, A. t. modestus (North, 1902) eastern population R andA. t. myall (Matthews, 1916) Gawler Ranges population VU, E

FAMILY PARDALOTIDAE - Pardalotes

The pardalotes are separated from the acanthizids for reasons detailed in Schodde and Mason (1999).

313. Pardalotus punctatus (Shaw, 1792) Spotted Pardaloteincludes Pardalotus punctatus xanthopyge McCoy, 1866 Yellow-rumped Pardalote (following Christidis and Boles, 1994, andSchodde and Mason, 1999)

314. Pardalotus rubricatus Gould, 1838 Red-browed Pardalote315. Pardalotus striatus (Gmelin, 1789) Striated Pardalote

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FAMILY ACANTHIZIDAE - Bristlebirds, thornbills, scrubwrens and allies

Subfamily Dasyornithinae - Bristlebirds

316. Dasyornis broadbenti (McCoy, 1867) Rufous Bristlebird V

Subfamily Acanthiztnae - Thornbills, scrubwrens and allies

317. Acanthiza apicalis Gould, 1847 Inland Thornbill318. Acanthiza chrysorrhoa (Quoy & Gaimard, 1830) Yellow-rumped Thornbill319. Acanthiza iredalei Mathews, 1911 Slender-billed Thornbill (Samphire Thornbill) V320. Acanthiza lineata Gould, 1838 Striated Thornbill321. Acanthiza nana Vigors & Horsfield, 1827 Yellow Thornbill (Little Thornbill)322. Acanthiza pusilla (Shaw, 1790) Brown Thornbill323. Acanthiza reguloides Vigors & Horsfield, 1827 Buff-rumped Thornbill324. Acanthiza robustirostris Milligan, 1903 Slaty-backed Thornbill R325. Acanthiza uropygialis Gould, 1838 Chestnut-rumped Thornbill326. Aphelocephala leucopsis (Gould, 1841) Southern Whiteface327. Aphelocephala nigricincta (North, 1895) Banded Whiteface328. Aphelocephala pectoralis (Gould, 1871) Chestnut-breasted Whiteface R329. Calamanthus campestris (Gould, 1841) Rufous Fieldwren (Western Fieldwren)

Includes Calamanthus campestris campestris (Gould, 1841) EX in Mt Lofty Ranges, uncommon elsewhere.330. Calamanthus cautus (Gould, 1843) Shy Heathwren (Shy Hylacola)

Schodde and Mason (1999) combined the very similar Hylacola and Calamanthus and are followed here.331. Calamanthus fuliginosus (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827) Striated Fieldwren (Eastern Fieldwren)332. Calamanthus pyrrhopygius (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827) Chestnut-rumped Heathwren (Chestnut-rumped

Hylacola) V333. Gerygone fusca (Gould, 1838) Western Gerygone (Western Warbler) R334. Gerygone olivacea (Gould, 1838) White-throated Gerygone (White-throated Warbler) R335. Pyrrholaemus brunneus Gould, 1841 Redthroat R336. Sericornis frontalis (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827) White-browed Scrubwren

Includes the spotted scrubwrens of Kangaroo Island, the gulf region and further west.337. Smicrornis brevirostris (Gould, 1838) Weebill

FAMILY MELIPHAGIDAE - Honeyeaters and Australian chats

338. Acanthagenys rufogularis Gould, 1838 Spiny-cheeked Honeyeater339. Acanthorhynchus tenuirostris (Latham, 1802) Eastern Spinebill340. Anthochaera carunculata (Shaw, 1790) Red Wattlebird341. Anthochaera chrysoptera (Latham, 1802) Little Wattlebird342. Certhionyx niger (Gould, 1838) Black Honeyeater

Relationships of this species with the Pied and Banded Honeyeaters are uncertain, and it may be more appropriately separated asSugomel niger or separated with the Banded Honeyeater in Cissomela.

343. Certhionyx variegatus Lesson, 1830 Pied Honeyeater344. Conopophila whitei (North, 1910) Grey Honeyeater R345. Entomyzon cyanotis (Latham, 1802) Blue-faced Honeyeater R346. Gliciphila melanops (Latham, 1802) Tawny-crowned Honeyeater347. Grantiella picta (Gould, 1838) Painted Honeyeater348. Lichenostomus chrysops (Latham, 1802) Yellow-faced Honeyeater349. Lichenostomus cratitius (Gould, 1841) Purple-gaped Honeyeater350. Lichenostomus fuscus (Gould, 1837) Fuscous Honeyeater351. Lichenostomus keartlandi (North, 1895) Grey-headed Honeyeater R352. Lichenostomus leucotis (Latham, 1802) White-eared Honeyeater353. Lichenostomus melanops (Latham, 1802) Yellow-tufted Honeyeater354. Lichenostomus ornatus (Gould, 1838) Yellow-plumed Honeyeater355. Lichenostomus penicillatus (Gould, 1837) White-plumed Honeyeater356. Lichenostomus plumulus (Gould, 1841) Grey-fronted Honeyeater (Yellow-fronted Honeyeater)357. Lichenostomus virescens (Vieillot, 1817) Singing Honeyeater358. Lichmera indistincta (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827) Brown Honeyeater R359. Manorina flavigula (Gould, 1840) Yellow-throated Miner

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includes Manorina flavigula melanotis (Wilson, 1911) Black-eared Miner EN, E (Schodde and Mason (1999) give a detailedjustification for considering this form as a distinct taxon within the flavigula complex.)

360. Manorina melanocephala (Latham, 1802) Noisy Miner361. Melithreptus brevirostris (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827) Brown-headed Honeyeater362. Melithreptus gularis (Gould, 1837) Black-chinned Honeyeater V

includes Melithreptus gularis laetior (Gould, 1875) Golden-backed Honeyeater (from the far North-East) R363. Melithreptus lunatus (Vieillot, 1802) White-naped Honeyeater364. Philemon citreogularis (Gould, 1837) Little Friarbird R365. Philemon corniculatus (Latham, 1790) Noisy Friarbird O366. Phylidonyris albifrons (Gould, 1841) White-fronted Honeyeater367. Phylidonyris novaehollandiae (Latham, 1790) New Holland Honeyeater368. Phylidonyris pyrrhoptera (Latham, 1802) Crescent Honeyeater369. Plectorhyncha lanceolata Gould,1838 Striped Honeyeater R370. Xanthomyza phrygia (Shaw, 1794) Regent Honeyeater EN, E

Subfamily Epthianurinae - Australian chats

371. Ashbyia lovensis (Ashby, 1911) Gibberbird372. Epthianura albifrons (Jardine & Selby, 1828) White-fronted Chat373. Epthianura aurifrons Gould, 1838 Orange Chat374. Epthianura crocea Castelnau & Ramsay, 1877 Yellow Chat R275. Epthianura tricolor Gould, 1841 Crimson Chat

FAMILY PETROICIDAE - Australopapuan robins and allies

376. Drymodes brunneopygia Gould, 1841 Southern Scrub-robin377. Eopsaltria australis (Shaw, 1790) Eastern Yellow Robin378. Eopsaltria griseogularis Gould, 1838 Western Yellow Robin379. Melanodryas cucullata (Latham, 1802) Hooded Robin380. Microeca fascinans (Latham, 1802) Jacky Winter381. Petroica goodenovii (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827) Red-capped Robin382. Petroica multicolor (Gmelin, 1789) Scarlet Robin

Schodde and Mason (1999) separate Australian populations as Petroica boodang (Lesson, 1838), distinct from the Pacific RobinP. multicolor. This is a wide-ranging and variable complex and a conservative approach is taken here in retaining Australianpopulations within P. multicolor.

383. Petroica phoenicea Gould, 1837 Flame Robin R384. Petroica rodinogaster (Drapiez, 1819) Pink Robin385. Petroica rosea Gould, 1840 Rose Robin R

FAMILY POMATOSTOMIDAE - Australopapuan Babblers

386. Pomatostomus ruficeps (Hartlaub, 1852) Chestnut-crowned Babbler387. Pomatostomus superciliosus (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827) White-browed Babbler388. Pomatostomus temporalis (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827) Grey-crowned Babbler R

including Pomatostomus temporalis temporalis (from the South-East) E

FAMILY EUPETIDAE - Whipbirds, quail-thrushes and allies

389. Cinclosoma castanotus Gould, 1840 Chestnut Quail-thrush Rincludes Cinclosoma castanotus castanotus (from more southern and eastern regions of the state) V

390. Cinclosoma cinnamomeum Gould, 1846 Cinnamon Quail-thrushincludes Cinclosoma cinnamomeum alisteri Mathews, 1910 Nullarbor Quail-thrush R (sometimes separated as a distinctspecies)

391. Cinclosoma punctatum (Shaw, 1794) Spotted Quail-thrushIncludes Cinclosoma punctatum anachoreta Schodde & Mason, 1999 (Mt Lofty Ranges) Eand C. p. punctatum (South-East) possibly EX (but secure in other parts of its range in SE. Australia)

392. Psophodes cristatus (Gould, 1838) Chirruping Wedgebill393. Psophodes nigrogularis Gould, 1844 Western Whipbird R

Includes Psophodes nigrogularis leucogaster Howe & Ross, 1933 (mainland populations) VU, Vand P. n. lashmari Schodde & Mason, 1991 (Kangaroo Island) R

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Schodde and Mason (1999) separated the mallee populations as Psophodes leucogaster Mallee Whipbird (including P. l.leucogaster, P. l. lashmari and the Western Australian mallee form P. l. oberon), leaving just the SW. Western Australian formas P. nigrogularis. In view of the limited information concerning these populations and the small number of specimens availablefor critical analysis, South Australian whipbirds are retained here within P. nigrogularis, pending further evidence.

394. Psophodes occidentalis (Mathews, 1912) Chiming Wedgebill

FAMILY NEOSITTIDAE - Sittellas

395.Daphoenositta chrysoptera (Latham, 1802) Varied Sittella

FAMILY PACHYCEPHALIDAE - Whistlers, shrike-tits and allies

396. Colluricincla harmonica (Latham, 1802) Grey Shrike-thrush397. Falcunculus frontatus (Latham, 1802) Crested Shrike-tit V

Schodde and Mason (1999) separate the three forms of shrike-tit as distinct species, forming a superspecies; under thisarrangement the South Australian population remains as Falcunculus frontatus, the Eastern Shrike-tit.

398. Oreoica gutturalis (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827) Crested Bellbird399. Pachycephala inornata Gould, 1841 Gilbert's Whistler400. Pachycephala olivacea Vigors & Horsfield, 1827 Olive Whistler V401. Pachycephala pectoralis (Latham, 1802) Golden Whistler402. Pachycephala rufiventris (Latham, 1802) Rufous Whistler403. Pachycephala rufogularis Gould, 1841 Red-lored Whistler VU, V

FAMILY DICRURIDAE - Monarchs, drongos, magpie-larks and allies

404. Dicrurus bracteatus Gould, 1843 Spangled Drongo O405. Grallina cyanoleuca (Latham, 1802) Magpie-lark406. Monarcha melanopsis (Vieillot, 1818) Black-faced Monarch O407. Myiagra cyanoleuca (Vieillot, 1818) Satin Flycatcher V408. Myiagra inquieta (Latham, 1802) Restless Flycather409. Myiagra rubecula (Latham, 1802) Leaden Flycatcher O410. Rhipidura albiscapa Gould, 1840 Grey Fantail

Formerly combined with R. fuliginosa (New Zealand Fantail); both species, with others, regarded by Schodde and Mason (1999)as members of a superspecies.

411. Rhipidura leucophrys (Latham, 1802) Willie Wagtail412. Rhipidura rufifrons (Latham, 1802) Rufous Fantail

FAMILY ARTAMIDAE - Woodswallows, butcherbirds and allies

413. Artamus cinereus Vieillot, 1817 Black-faced Woodswallow414. Artamus cyanopterus (Latham, 1802) Dusky Woodswallow415. Artamus leucorhynchus (Linnaeus, 1771) White-breasted Woodswallow416. Artamus minor Vieillot, 1817 Little Woodswallow417. Artamus personatus (Gould, 1841) Masked Woodswallow418. Artamus superciliosus (Gould, 1837) White-browed Woodswallow419. Cracticus nigrogularis (Gould, 1837) Pied Butcherbird420. Cracticus torquatus (Latham, 1802) Grey Butcherbird421. Gymnorhina tibicen (Latham, 1802) Australian Magpie422. Strepera versicolor (Latham, 1802) Grey Currawong

FAMILY CAMPEPHAGIDAE - Cuckoo-shrikes and allies

423. Coracina novaehollandiae (Gmelin, 1789) Black-faced Cuckoo-shrike424. Coracina maxima (Rüppell, 1839) Ground Cuckoo-shrike425. Coracina papuensis (Gmelin, 1788) White-bellied Cuckoo-shrike R426. Coracina tenuirostris (Jardine, 1831) Cicadabird O

427. Lalage tricolor (Swainson, 1825) White-winged TrillerSee Schodde and Mason (1999) for separation of L. sueurii and L. tricolor as members of a superspecies.

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FAMILY ORIOLIDAE - Orioles

428. Oriolus sagittatus (Latham, 1802) Olive-backed Oriole R

FAMILY CORVIDAE - Crows

429. Corvus bennetti North, 1901 Little Crow430. Corvus coronoides Vigors & Horsfield, 1827 Australian Raven431. Corvus mellori Mathews, 1912 Little Raven432. Corvus orru Bonaparte, 1850 Torresian Crow (Australian Crow)433. Corvus tasmanicus Mathews, 1912 Forest Raven

FAMILY CORCORACIDAE - Chough and Apostlebird

434. Corcorax melanorhamphos (Vieillot, 1817) White-winged Chough435. Struthidea cinerea Gould, 1837 Apostlebird

FAMILY PTILONORHYNCHIDAE - Bowerbirds

436. Chlamydera guttata Gould, 1862 Western Bowerbird437. Chlamydera maculata (Gould, 1837) Spotted Bowerbird EX

FAMILY MUSCICAPIDAE - Thrushes and Old World flycatchers

438. *Turdus merula Linnaeus, 1758 Eurasian Blackbird (Common Blackbird)439. Zoothera lunulata (Latham, 1802) Bassian Thrush (Ground Thrush, White’s Thrush, Mountain Thrush) R

FAMILY STURNIDAE - Starlings

440. *Sturnus vulgaris Linnaeus, 1758 Common Starling

FAMILY HIRUNDINIDAE - Swallows and martins

441. Cheramoeca leucosternus (Gould, 1841) White-backed Swallow442. Hirundo neoxena Gould, 1842 Welcome Swallow443. Hirundo rustica Linnaeus, 1758 Barn Swallow O444. Petrochelidon ariel (Gould, 1842) Fairy Martin445. Petrochelidon nigricans (Vieillot, 1817) Tree Martin

Generic classification of swallows and martins has always been unsettled. The arrangement of Schodde and Mason (1999) isfollowed here.

FAMILY ZOSTEROPIDAE - White-eyes

446. Zosterops lateralis (Latham, 1802) Silvereye

FAMILY SYLVIIDAE - Warblers

Subfamily Acrocephalinae – Reed-Warblers and allies

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447. Acrocephalus australis (Gould,1838) Australian Reed-Warbler (Clamorous Reed-Warbler)Now shown to be separable from the widespread A. stentoreus (see Schodde and Mason, 1999).

Subfamily Megalurinae - Grassbirds and allies

448. Cincloramphus cruralis (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827) Brown Songlark449. Cincloramphus mathewsi Iredale, 1911 Rufous Songlark450. Eremiornis carteri North, 1900 Spinifexbird R451. Megalurus gramineus (Gould, 1845) Little Grassbird

Subfamily Cisticolinae - Cisticolas

452. Cisticola exilis (Vigors & Horsfeld, 1827) Golden-headed Cisticola R

FAMILY ALAUDIDAE - Larks

453. *Alauda arvensis Linnaeus, 1758 Eurasian Skylark454. Mirafra javanica Horsfield, 1821 Horsfield’s Bushlark (Singing Bushlark)

A change of common name is required to distinguish this species from M. cantillans (Singing Lark) of Africa.

FAMILY DICAEIDAE - Flowerpeckers

455. Dicaeum hirundinaceum (Shaw, 1792) Mistletoebird

FAMILY PASSERIDAE - Old World sparrows

456. *Passer domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758) House Sparrow

FAMILY MOTACILLIDAE - Wagtails and pipits

457. Anthus novaeseelandiae (Gmelin, 1789) Richard's PipitSome authors separate A. novaeseelandiae (Australasian Pipit, from Australia, New Zealand and New Guinea) as distinct fromAfro-Asian species (Sibley and Monroe, 1990), and others further split the Australasian forms, with A. australis (Australian Pipit)being the species occurring in South Australia (e.g. Schodde and Mason, 1999).

458. Motacilla cinerea Tunstall, 1771 Grey Wagtail O459. Motacilla citreola Pallas, 1776 Citrine Wagtail (Yellow-headed Wagtail) O460. Motacilla flava Linnaeus, 1758 Yellow Wagtail O

FAMILY ESTRILDIDAE - Grass-finches (waxbills)

See Schodde and Mason (1999) for arguments supporting the separation of grass-finches from Old World sparrows as a distinctfamily.

461. Emblema pictum Gould, 1842 Painted Finch R462. Neochmia temporalis (Latham, 1802) Red-browed Finch463. Stagonopleura bella (Latham, 1802) Beautiful Firetail R464. Stagonopleura guttata (Shaw, 1796) Diamond Firetail V465. Taeniopygia guttata (Vieillot, 1817) Zebra Finch

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FAMILY FRINGILLIDAE - Finches

466. *Carduelis carduelis (Linnaeus, 1758) European Goldfinch467. *Carduelis chloris (Linnaeus, 1758) European Greenfinch

SUPPLEMETARY LIST

These are introduced species that either have not established feral populations in South Australia or that appear to havedied out or have been exterminated in this state.

PHASIANIDAEPhasianus colchicus Linnaeus, 1758 Common Pheasant

ANATIDAETadorna ferruginea (Pallas, 1764) Ruddy Shelduck

PSITTACIDAEAgapornis roseicollis (Vieillot, 1818) Peach-faced Lovebird

STURNIDAEAcridotheres tristis (Linnaeus, 1766) Common Mynah (Indian Mynah)

PYCNONOTIDAEPycnonotus jocosus (Linnaeus, 1758) Red-whiskered Bulbul

PLOCEIDAEEuplectes orix (Linnaeus, 1758) Red Bishop

ESTRILDIDAELonchura punctulata (Linnaeus, 1758) Nutmeg Mannikin

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295. White-browed TreecreeperClimacteris affinis

296. Brown TreecreeperClimacteris picumnus

297. Rufous TreecreeperClimacteris rufa

298. White-throatedTreecreeper

Cormobates leucophaeus

299. Superb Fairy-wrenMalurus cyaneus

300. Variegated Fairy-wrenMalurus lamberti

301. White-winged Fairy-wrenMalurus leucopterus

302. Blue-breasted Fairy-wrenMalurus pulcherrimus

303. Splendid Fairy-wrenMalurus splendens

304. Southern Emu-wrenStipiturus malachurus

305. Mallee Emu-wrenStipiturus mallee

306. Rufous-crowned Emu-wren

Stipiturus ruficeps

85

307. Grey GrasswrenAmytornis barbatus

308. Eyrean GrasswrenAmytornis goyderi

309. Short-tailed GrasswrenAmytornis merrotsyi

310. Dusky GrasswrenAmytornis purnelli

311. Striated GrasswrenAmytornis striatus

312. Thick-billed GrasswrenAmytornis textilis

313. Spotted PardalotePardalotus punctatus

314. Red-browed PardalotePardalotus rubricatus

315. Striated PardalotePardalotus striatus

316. Rufous BristlebirdDasyornis broadbenti

317. Inland ThornbillAcanthiza apicalis

318. Yellow-rumped ThornbillAcanthiza chrysorrhoa

86

319. Slender-billed ThornbillAcanthiza iredalei

320. Striated ThornbillAcanthiza lineata

321. Yellow ThornbillAcanthiza nana

322. Brown ThornbillAcanthiza pusilla

323. Buff-rumped ThornbillAcanthiza reguloides

324. Slaty-backed ThornbillAcanthiza robustirostris

325. Chestnut-rumpedThornbill

Acanthiza uropygialis

326. Southern WhitefaceAphelocephala leucopsis

327. Banded WhitefaceAphelocephala nigricincta

328. Chestnut-breastedWhiteface

Aphelocephala pectoralis

329. Rufous FieldwrenCalamanthus campestris

330. Shy HeathwrenCalamanthus cautus

87

331. Striated FieldwrenCalamanthus fuliginosus

332. Chestnut-rumpedHeathwren

Calomanthus pyrrhopygius

333. Western GerygoneGerygone fusca

324. White-throated GerygoneGerygone olivacea

335. RedthroatPyrrholaemus brunneus

336. White-browed ScrubwrenSericornis frontalis

337. WeebillSmicrornis brevirostris

338. Spiny-cheeked HoneyeaterAcanthagenys rufogularis

339. Eastern SpinebillAcanthorhynchus tenuirostris

340. Red WattlebirdAnthochaera carunculata

341. Little WattlebirdAnthochaera chrysoptera

342. Black HoneyeaterCerthionyx niger

88

343. Pied HoneyeaterCerthionyx variegatus

344. Grey HoneyeaterConopophila whitei

345. Blue-faced HoneyeaterEntomyzon cyanotis

346. Tawny-crownedHoneyeater

Gliciphila melanops

347. Painted HoneyeaterGrantiella picta

348. Yellow-faced HoneyeaterLichenostomus chrysops

349. Purple-gaped HoneyeaterLichenostomus cratitius

350. Fuscous HoneyeaterLichenostomus fuscus

351. Grey-headed HoneyeaterLichenostomus keartlandi

352. White-eared HoneyeaterLichenostomus leucotis

353. Yellow-tufted HoneyeaterLichenostomus melanops

354. Yellow-plumed HoneyeaterLichenostomus ornatus

89

355. White-plumed HoneyeaterLichenostomus penicillatus

356. Grey-fronted HoneyeaterLichenostomus plumulus

357. Singing HoneyeaterLichenostomus virescens

358. Brown HoneyeaterLichmera indistincta

359. Yellow-throated MinerManorina flavigula

360. Noisy MinerManorina melanocephala

361. Brown-headed HoneyeaterMelithreptus brevirostris

362. Black-chinned HoneyeaterMelithreptus gularis

363. White-naped HoneyeaterMelithreptus lunatus

364. Little FriarbirdPhilemon citreogularis

365. Noisy FriarbirdPhilemon corniculatus

%%%%

%

366. White-fronted HoneyeaterPhylidonyris albifrons

90

367. New Holland HoneyeaterPhylidonyris novaehollandiae

368. Crescent HoneyeaterPhylidonyris pyrrhoptera

369. Striped HoneyeaterPlectorhyncha lanceolata

370. Regent HoneyeaterXanthomyza phrygia

371. GibberbirdAshbyia lovensis

372. White-fronted ChatEpthianura albifrons

373. Orange ChatEpthianura aurifrons

374. Yellow ChatEphthianura crocea

375. Crimson ChatEpthianura tricolor

376. Southern Scrub-robinDrymodes brunneopygia

377. Eastern Yellow RobinEopsaltria australis

378. Western Yellow RobinEopsaltria griseogularis

91

379. Hooded RobinMelanodryas cucullata

380. Jacky WinterMicroeca fascinans

381. Red-capped RobinPetroica goodenovii

382. Scarlet RobinPetroica multicolor

383. Flame RobinPetroica phoenicea

384. Pink RobinPetroica rodinogaster

385. Rose RobinPetroica rosea

386. Chestnut-crowned BabblerPomatostomus ruficeps

387. White-browed BabblerPomatostomus superciliosus

388. Grey-crowned BabblerPomatostomus temporalis

389. Chestnut Quail-thrushCinclosoma castanotus

390. Cinnamon Quail-thrushCinclosoma cinnamomeum

92

391. Spotted Quail-thrushCinclosoma punctatum

392. Chirruping WedgebillPsophodes cristatus

393. Western WhipbirdPsophodes nigrogularis

394. Chiming WedgebillPsophodes occidentalis

395. Varied SittellaDaphoenositta chrysoptera

396. Grey Shrike-thrushColluricincla harmonica

397. Crested Shrike-titFalcunculus frontatus

398. Crested BellbirdOreoica gutturalis

399. Gilbert's WhistlerPachycephala inornata

400. Olive WhistlerPachycephala olivacea

%

% %

%

401. Golden WhistlerPachycephala pectoralis

402. Rufous WhistlerPachycephala rufiventris

93

403. Red-lored WhistlerPachycephala rufogularis

404. Spangled DrongoDicrurus bracteatus

405. Magpie-larkGrallina cyanoleuca

406. Black-faced MonarchMonarcha melanopsis

%

407. Satin FlycatcherMyiagra cyanoleuca

408. Restless FlycatcherMyiagra inquieta

409. Leaden FlycatcherMyiagra rubecula

410. Grey FantailRhipidura albiscapa

411. Willie WagtailRhipidura leucophrys

412. Rufous FantailRhipidura rufifrons

413. Black-faced WoodswallowArtamus cinereus

414. Dusky WoodswallowArtamus cyanopterus

94

415. White-breastedWoodswallow

Artamus leucorhynchus

416. Little WoodswallowArtamus minor

417. Masked WoodswallowArtamus personatus

418. White-browedWoodswallow

Artamus superciliosus

419. Pied ButcherbirdCracticus nigrogularis

420. Grey ButcherbirdCracticus torquatus

421. Australian MagpieGymnorhina tibicen

422. Grey CurrawongStrepera versicolor

423. Black-faced Cuckoo-shrikeCoracina novaehollandiae

424. Ground Cuckoo-shrikeCoracina maxima

425. White-bellied Cuckoo-shrike

Coracina papuensis

426. CicadabirdCoracina tenuirostris

%

95

427. White-winged TrillerLalage tricolor

428. Olive-backed OrioleOriolus sagittatus

429. Little CrowCorvus bennetti

430. Australian RavenCorvus coronoides

431. Little RavenCorvus mellori

432. Torresian CrowCorvus orru

433. Forest RavenCorvus tasmanicus

434. White-winged ChoughCorcorax melanorhamphos

435. ApostlebirdStruthidea cinerea

436. Western BowerbirdChlamydera guttata

437. Spotted BowerbirdChlamydera maculata

%%

%%

438. *Eurasian Blackbird*Turdus merula

96

439. Bassian ThrushZoothera lunulata

440. *Common Starling*Sturnus vulgaris

441. White-backed SwallowCheramoeca leucosternus

442. Welcome SwallowHirundo neoxena

443. Barn SwallowHirundo rustica

444. Fairy MartinPetrochelidon ariel

445. Tree MartinPetrochelidon nigricans

446. SilvereyeZosterops lateralis

447. Australian Reed-WarblerAcrocephalus australis

448. Brown SonglarkCincloramphus cruralis

449. Rufous SonglarkCincloramphus mathewsi

450. SpinifexbirdEremiornis carteri

97

451. Little GrassbirdMegalurus gramineus

452. Golden-headed CisticolaCisticola exilis

453. *Eurasian Skylark*Alauda arvensis

454. Horsfield’s BushlarkMirafra javanica

455. MistletoebirdDicaeum hirundinaceum

456. *House Sparrow*Passer domesticus

441. Richard's PipitAnthus novaeseelandiae

458. Grey WagtailMotacilla cinerea

459. Citrine WagtailMotacilla citreola

%

460. Yellow WagtailMotacilla flava

%

461. Painted FinchEmblema pictum

462. Red-browed FinchNeochmia temporalis

98

463. Beautiful FiretailStagonopleura bella

464. Diamond FiretailStagonopleura guttata

465. Zebra FinchTaeniopygia guttata

466. *European Goldfinch*Carduelis carduelis

467. *Greenfinch*Carduelis chloris

A List of the Vertebrates of South Australia

Reptiles and AmphibiansCompiled by Mark Hutchinson and Adrienne Edwards, Herpetology Section South Australian Museum, North Terrace,

ADELAIDE 5000

This compilation shows the distributions of alltortoises, turtles, lizards, snakes and frogs that occur inSouth Australia. Records are based to a very largeextent on South Australian sources, primarily theHerpetology collection held by the South AustralianMuseum, plus records from the Biological Survey ofSouth Australia. For a few very rare or seldomcollected species, some use has been made of recordsfrom other sources (interstate or overseas museums).All but one of the species listed are regarded asnaturally occurring in South Australia. The oneexception is the water dragon, Physignathus lesueurii,an eastern Australian lizard that has established a feralpopulation in parts of the Torrens River system.

Reptile and amphibian taxonomy is subject to frequentchange as new information emerges regarding speciesrelationships, and as new species are discovered (stillan annual occurrence in the Australian fauna). Themost recent edition of Cogger (1996) tends to be thestandard source for taxonomic usage, but there is roomfor disagreement with some of the decisions taken inCogger’s book, which results in some differencesbetween that work and the taxonomy used in this work.The synonymies provided by Cogger et al. (1981)provide most of the background needed to follow anydifferences of usage. Major revisions not incorporatedinto Cogger’s work, but used in the present work,include Kluge’s (1967) revision of diplodactylinegeckoes which synonymised Lucasium withDiplodactylus; Shea’s (1990) revision of Tiliqua, whichsynonymised Trachydosaurus with Tiliqua; Bauer’s(1990) revision of carphodactyline geckoes whichsynonymised Underwoodisaurus with Nephrurus.Other differences include recognition of Demansiareticulata as specifically distinct from D. psammophis(ie, following Storr 1978). A recent revision of theCtenotus uber species complex (Hutchinson &

Donnellan 1999) is also followed here. We acceptBauer et al.’s (1997) validation of the genus Christinusfor the Australian geckoes formerly included inPhyllodactylus. At the higher taxonomic level, werecognise the gekkonid affinities of the pygopodidlegless lizards by submerging them as a subfamilywithin the family Gekkonidae (Kluge, 1987; Donnellanet al., 1999). Higher taxa within the order Squamataare unstable at present. In recognition of this we listsome familiar higher taxon names, such as Serpentes,but leave them unranked. No standardised list ofcommon names exists for reptiles and amphibians. Thenames used here are those currently in use by the SAMuseum and the Heritage &Biodiversity Branch,DEHAA.

This list excludes one species (Ctenophorus scutulatus)long included in the South Australian list.; see Houstonand Hutchinson (1998) for discussion of this species.In the near future other rearrangements will certainlychange the number of species recognised. Somestudies in progress have shown that current speciesboundaries are misleading. Accordingly we havecombined the distribution data for two such problemgroups. The map for Ctenotus helenae and C. saxatilisis composite, as is the map for Cryptoblepharuscarnabyi and C. plagiocephalus. In each case a singlemap shows all records of both species, the name on themap caption being the older name (C. saxatilis and C.plagiocephalus, respectively).

The following list includes all species of reptiles andfrogs reliably recorded as free-living forms from SouthAustralia during the period of European settlement. Thelist has the ordering and composition shown in the tablebelow (figures in brackets show the number ofintroduced families and species)

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Class Order(Suborder)

Common Name Number of families Number of species

Reptilia Testudines Turtles & Tortoises 3 6Squamata Lizards & Snakes 7 221(Sauria) Lizards 4 179(Serpentes) Snakes 3 42

Amphibia Anura Frogs 2 27Totals 12 254

The conservation status of South Australian reptiles is shown in the table below:

Order (Suborder) Common Name TotalSpecies

EX E V R

Testudines Turtles & Tortoises 6 4Squamata Lizards & Snakes 221 5 5 24(Sauria) Lizards 179 5 3 21(Serpentes) Snakes 42 2 3Anura Frogs 27Totals 254 5 15 25

References consulted in the preparation of this listing are cited below:

REFERENCESBauer, A. M. (1990) Phylogenetic systematics and

biogeography of the Carphodactylini (Reptilia:Gekkonidae). Bonner ZoologischeMonographien Nr 30: 1-218.

Bauer, A. M., Good, D. A. and Branch, W. R. (1997)The taxonomy of the southern African leaf-toed geckos (Squamata: Gekkonidae), with areview of Old World “Phyllodactylus” and thedescription of five new genera. Proceedingsof the California Academy of Sciences 49:447-497.

Cogger, H. G. (1996) Reptiles and Amphibians ofAustralia (6th edn). Reed Books

Cogger, H. G., Cameron, E. E. and Cogger, H. M.(1983) Zoological Catalogue of Australia.Vol. 1. Amphibia and Reptilia. AustralianGovernment Publishing Service, Canberra.

Donnellan, S. C., Hutchinson, M. N. and Saint, K. M.(1999) Molecular evidence for thephylogeny of Australian gekkonoid lizards.Biological Journal of the Linnean Society67: 97-118.

Houston, T. F. and Hutchinson, M. N. (ed., 2nd Edition)1998. Dragon Lizards and Goannas of SouthAustralia (2nd edn). South AustralianMuseum, Adelaide.

Hutchinson, M. N. and Donnellan, S. C. (1999).Genetic variation and taxonomy of the lizardsassigned to Ctenotus uber orientalis Storr(Squamata: Scincidae) with description of anew species. Records of the South AustralianMuseum 32(2), in press.

Kluge, A. G. (1967) Systematics, phylogeny andzoogeography of the lizard genusDiplodactylus Gray (Gekkonidae). AustralianJournal of Zoology 15: 1007-1108.

Shea, G. M. (1990) The genera Tiliqua andCyclodomorphus (Lacertilia: Scincidae):generic diagnoses and systematicrelationships. Memoirs of the QueenslandMuseum 29: 495 -519.

Storr, G. M. (1978) Whip snakes (Demansia,Elapidae) of Western Australia. Records ofthe Western Australian Museum 6: 287-301.

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CLASS REPTILIA - Reptiles

ORDER TESTUDINES - Turtles and tortoises

FAMILY CHELIDAE - Side-necked Tortoises

1. Chelodina expansa Gray, 1857 Broad-shelled Tortoise V2. Chelodina longicollis (Shaw, 1794) Common Long-necked Tortoise3. Emydura macquarii (Gray, 1830) Macquarie Tortoise

FAMILY CHELONIIDAE - Sea Turtles

4. Caretta caretta (Linnaeus, 1758) Loggerhead Turtle EN, V5. Chelonia mydas (Linnaeus, 1758) Green Turtle VU, V

FAMILY DERMOCHELYIDAE - Leathery Turtle

6. Dermochelys coriacea (Vandelli, 1761) Leathery Turtle VU, V

ORDER SQUAMATA - Lizards and snakes

Lizards

FAMILY AGAMIDAE - Dragon lizards

7. Amphibolurus gilberti (Gray, 1842) Gilbert's Dragon R8. Amphibolurus longirostris (Boulenger, 1883) Long-nosed Dragon9. Amphibolurus muricatus (White, 1790) Jacky Lizard R10. Amphibolurus nobbi Witten, 1972 Nobbi Dragon11. Amphibolurus norrisi Witten & Coventry, 1984 Mallee Tree-dragon12. Ctenophorus clayi (Storr, 1966) Black-collared Dragon13. Ctenophorus cristatus (Gray, 1841) Crested Dragon14. Ctenophorus decresii (Dumeril & Bibron, 1837) Tawny Dragon15. Ctenophorus fionni (Proctor, 1923) Peninsula Dragon16. Ctenophorus fordi (Storr, 1965) Mallee Dragon17. Ctenophorus gibba (Houston, 1974) Gibber Dragon18. Ctenophorus isolepis (Fischer, 1881) Military Dragon19. Ctenophorus maculatus (Gray, 1831) Spotted Dragon20. Ctenophorus maculosus (Mitchell, 1948) Lake Eyre Dragon21. Ctenophorus mckenziei (Storr, 1981) McKenzie's Dragon R22. Ctenophorus nuchalis (De Vis, 1884) Central Netted Dragon23. Ctenophorus pictus (Peters, 1866) Painted Dragon24. Ctenophorus reticulatus (Gray, 1845) Western Netted Dragon25. Ctenophorus rufescens (Stirling & Zietz, 1893) Rusty Dragon26. Ctenophorus salinarum (Storr, 1966) Claypan Dragon R27. Ctenophorus tjantjalka Johnston, 1992 Ochre Dragon28. Ctenophorus vadnappa (Houston, 1974) Red-barred Dragon29. Diporiphora linga Houston, 1977 Linga Dragon30. Diporiphora winneckei Lucas & Frost, 1896 Canegrass Dragon31. Moloch horridus Gray, 1841 Thorny Devil32. *Physignathus lesueurii (Gray, 1831) Water Dragon33. Pogona barbata (Cuvier, 1829) Eastern Bearded Dragon34. Pogona minor (Sternfeld, 1919) Dwarf Bearded Dragon

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35. Pogona nullarbor (Badham, 1976) Nullarbor Bearded Dragon R36. Pogona vitticeps (Ahl, 1926) Central Bearded Dragon37. Tympanocryptis adelaidensis (Gray, 1841) Prickly Dragon38. Tympanocryptis centralis Sternfield, 1924 Centralian Earless Dragon39. Tympanocryptis cephalus Gunther, 1867 Pebble Dragon40. Tympanocryptis houstoni Storr, 1982 Nullarbor Earless Dragon41. Tympanocryptis intima Mitchell, 1948 Smooth-snouted Earless Dragon42. Tympanocryptis lineata Peters, 1863 Five-lined Earless Dragon43. Tympanocryptis tetraporophora Lucas & Frost, 1895 Eyrean Earless Dragon

FAMILY GEKKONIDAE - Geckos and legless lizards

Subfamily Diplodactylinae

44. Crenadactylus ocellatus (Gray, 1845) Clawless Gecko45. Diplodactylus byrnei Lucas & Frost, 1896 Pink-blotched Gecko46. Diplodactylus conspicillatus Lucas & Frost, 1897 Fat-tailed Gecko47. Diplodactylus damaeus (Lucas & Frost, 1896) Beaded Gecko48. Diplodactylus galeatus Kluge, 1963 Mesa Gecko49. Diplodactylus granariensis Storr, 1979 Western Stone Gecko50. Diplodactylus pulcher (Steindachner, 1870) Patchwork Gecko51. Diplodactylus steindachneri Boulenger, 1885 Map Gecko52. Diplodactylus stenodactylus Boulenger, 1896 Sandplain Gecko53. Diplodactylus tessellatus (Gunther, 1875) Tessellated Gecko54. Diplodactylus vittatus Gray, 1832 Eastern Stone Gecko55. Nephrurus deleani Harvey, 1983 Pernatty Knob-tailed Gecko VU, V56. Nephrurus laevissimus Mertens, 1958 Pale Knob-tailed Gecko57. Nephrurus levis De Vis, 1886 Smooth Knob-tailed Gecko58. Nephrurus milii (Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1825) Barking Gecko59. Nephrurus stellatus Storr, 1968 Starred Knob-tailed Gecko60. Oedura marmorata Gray, 1842 Marbled Velvet Gecko61. Rhynchoedura ornata Gunther, 1867 Beaked Gecko62. Strophurus assimilis Storr, 1988 Thorn-tailed Gecko R63. Strophurus ciliaris Boulenger, 1885 Northern Spiny-tailed Gecko64. Strophurus elderi Stirling & Zietz, 1893 Jewelled Gecko65. Strophurus intermedius (Ogilby, 1892) Southern Spiny-tailed Gecko66. Strophurus williamsi (Kluge, 1963) Eastern Spiny-tailed Gecko

Subfamily Gekkoninae

67. Christinus marmoratus (Gray, 1845) Marbled Gecko68. Gehyra montium Storr, 1982 Central Rock Dtella69. Gehyra purpurascens Storr, 1982 Purple Dtella70. Gehyra sp.'2n=44' Southern Rock Dtella71. Gehyra variegata (Dumeril & Bibron, 1836) Tree Dtella72. Heteronotia binoei (Gray, 1845) Bynoe's Gecko

Subfamily Pygopodinae

73. Aprasia inaurita Kluge, 1974 Red-tailed Worm-lizard74. Aprasia pseudopulchella Kluge, 1974 Flinders Worm Lizard VU75. Aprasia striolata Lutken, 1863 Lined Worm-lizard76. Delma australis Kluge, 1974 Barred Snake-lizard77. Delma borea Kluge, 1974 Northern Snake-lizard78. Delma butleri Storr,1987 Spinifex Snake-lizard79. Delma fraseri Gray, 1831 Fraser's Snake-lizard80. Delma impar (Fischer, 1882) Striped Snake-lizard VU, E81. Delma inornata Kluge, 1974 Olive Snake-lizard R82. Delma molleri Lutken, 1863 Adelaide Snake-lizard83. Delma nasuta Kluge, 1974 Centralian Snake-lizard

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84. Delma tincta De Vis, 1888 Black-necked Snake-lizard85. Lialis burtonis Gray, 1835 Burton's Legless Lizard86. Ophidiocephalus taeniatus Lucas & Frost, 1897 Bronzeback Legless Lizard VU, V87. Pygopus lepidopodus (Lacepede, 1804) Common Scaly-foot88. Pygopus nigriceps (Fischer, 1882) Black-headed Scaly-foot89. Pygopus schraderi Boulenger, 1913 Hooded Scaly-foot

FAMILY SCINCIDAE - Skinks

90. Bassiana duperreyi (Gray, 1838) Eastern Three-lined Skink91. Bassiana trilineata (Gray,1839) Western Three-lined Skink R92. Carlia triacantha (Mitchell, 1953) Desert Rainbow Skink93. Cryptoblepharus plagiocephalus (Cocteau, 1836) Desert Wall Skink

Includes forms currently identified as Cryptoblepharus carnabyi Storr, 1976 Speckled Wall Skink94. Cryptoblepharus virgatus (Garman, 1901) Striped Wall Skink95. Ctenotus ariadnae Storr,1969 Pin-striped Ctenotus96. Ctenotus atlas Storr, 1969 Southern Spinifex Ctenotus97. Ctenotus brachyonyx Storr, 1971 Brown Ctenotus98. Ctenotus brooksi (Loveridge, 1933) Sandhill Ctenotus99. Ctenotus calurus Storr, 1969 Blue-tailed Skink100. Ctenotus dux Storr, 1969 Narrow-lined Ctenotus101. Ctenotus grandis Storr, 1969 Giant Desert Ctenotus102. Ctenotus greeri Storr, 1979 Greer's Ctenotus103. Ctenotus joanae Storr, 1970 Blacksoil Ctenotus R104. Ctenotus leae (Boulenger, 1887) Centralian Coppertail105. Ctenotus leonhardii (Sternfeld, 1919) Common Desert Ctenotus106. Ctenotus olympicus Hutchinson & Donellan, 1999 Saltbush Ctenotus107. Ctenotus orientalis Storr, 1969 Eastern Spotted Ctenotus108. Ctenotus pantherinus (Peters, 1866) Leopard Skink109. Ctenotus piankai Storr, 1969 Paleface Ctenotus110. Ctenotus quattuordecimlineatus (Sternfeld, 1919) Many-lined Ctenotus111. Ctenotus regius Storr, 1971 Eastern Desert Ctenotus112. Ctenotus robustus Storr, 1970 Eastern Striped Skink113. Ctenotus saxatilis Storr, 1970 Centralian Striped Skink

Includes forms currently identified as Ctenotus helenae Storr, 1969 Dusky Ctenotus114. Ctenotus schomburgkii (Peters, 1863) Sandplain Ctenotus115. Ctenotus septenarius King & Horner, 1988 Gibber Ctenotus116. Ctenotus strauchii (Boulenger, 1887) Short-legged Ctenotus117. Cyclodomorphus melanops (Stirling & Zietz,1893) Spinifex Slender Bluetongue118. Cyclodomorphus venustus Shea & Miller, 1995 Saltbush Slender Bluetongue119. Egernia coventryi Storr, 1978 Swamp Skink E120. Egernia cunninghami (Gray, 1832) Cunningham's Skink V121. Egernia inornata Rosen, 1905 Desert Skink122. Egernia kintorei Stirling and Zietz, 1893 Tjakura VU, E123. Egernia margaretae Storr, 1968 Masked Rock Skink124. Egernia multiscutata Mitchell & Behrndt, 1949 Bull Skink125. Egernia richardi (Peters, 1869) Western Tree Skink126. Egernia slateri Storr, 1968 Black-striped Desert Skink E127. Egernia stokesii (Gray, 1845) Gidgee Skink128. Egernia striata Sternfeld, 1919 Night Skink129. Egernia striolata (Peters, 1870) Eastern Tree Skink130. Egernia whitii (Lacepede, 1804) White's Skink131. Eremiascincus fasciolatus (Gunther, 1867) Narrow-banded Sandswimmer132. Eremiascincus richardsonii (Gray, 1845) Broad-banded Sandswimmer133. Eulamprus heatwolei Wells & Wellington, 1983 Yellow-bellied Water Skink R134. Eulamprus quoyii (Dumeril & Bibron, 1939) Eastern Water Skink135. Eulamprus tympanum (Lonnberg & Andersson, 1913) Southern Water Skink136. Hemiergis decresiensis (Cuvier, 1829) Three-toed Earless Skink137 Hemiergis initialis (Werner, 1910) Western Earless Skink138. Hemiergis millewae Coventry, 1976 Rusty Earless Skink139. Hemiergis peronii (Gray, 1831) Four-toed Earless Skink

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140. Lampropholis delicata (De Vis, 1888) Delicate Skink141. Lampropholis guichenoti (Dumeril & Bibron, 1839) Garden Skink142. Lerista arenicola Storr, 1990 Beach Slider R143. Lerista baynesi Storr, 1972 Speckled Slider144. Lerista bipes (Fischer, 1882) Western Two-toed Slider145. Lerista bougainvillii (Gray, 1839) Bougainville's Skink146. Lerista desertorum (Sternfeld, 1919) Great Desert Slider147. Lerista distinguenda (Werner,1910) Dwarf four-toed Slider R148. Lerista dorsalis Storr,1985 Southern Four-toed Slider149. Lerista edwardsae Storr, 1982 Myall Slider150. Lerista elongata Storr, 1990 Woomera Slider151. Lerista labialis Storr, 1971 Eastern Two-toed Slider152. Lerista microtis (Gray, 1845) Long-legged Slider R153. Lerista muelleri (Fischer, 1881) Dwarf Three-toed Slider154. Lerista punctatovittata (Gunther, 1867) Spotted Slider155. Lerista speciosa Storr, 1990 Musgrave Slider R156. Lerista taeniata Storr, 1986 Ribbon Slider R157. Lerista terdigitata (Parker, 1926) Southern Three-toed Slider158. Lerista xanthura Storr, 1976 Yellow-tailed Slider159. Menetia greyii Gray, 1845 Dwarf Skink160. Morethia adelaidensis Peters, 1874 Adelaide Snake-eye161. Morethia boulengeri (Ogilby, 1890) Common Snake-eye162. Morethia butleri (Storr, 1963) Butler's Snake-eye163. Morethia obscura Storr, 1972 Mallee Snake-eye164. Morethia ruficauda (Lucas & Frost, 1895) Fire-tailed Skink165. Notoscincus ornatus (Broom, 1896) Desert Glossy Skink R166. Proablepharus kinghorni (Copland, 1947) Blacksoil Skink R167. Proablepharus reginae (Glauert, 1960) Silvereye Skink R168. Pseudomoia baudini (Greer, 1982) Bight Coast Skink R169. Pseudemoia entrecasteauxii (Dumeril & Bibron, 1839) Southern Grass Skink170. Pseudemoia pagenstecheri (Lindholm, 1901) Tussock Skink R171. Pseudemoia rawlinsoni (Hutchinson & Donnellan,1988) Glossy Grass Skink E172. Tiliqua adelaidensis (Peters, 1863) Pygmy Bluetongue EN, E173. Tiliqua multifasciata Sternfeld, 1919 Centralian Bluetongue174. Tiliqua nigrolutea (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) Blotched Bluetongue175. Tiliqua occipitalis (Peters, 1863) Western Bluetongue176. Tiliqua rugosa (Gray, 1825) Sleepy Lizard177. Tiliqua scincoides (White, 1790) Eastern Bluetongue

FAMILY - VARANIDAE Goannas

178. Varanus brevicauda Boulenger, 1898 Short-tailed Pygmy Goanna179. Varanus eremius Lucas & Frost, 1895 Desert Pygmy Goanna180. Varanus giganteus (Gray, 1845) Perentie181. Varanus gilleni Lucas & Frost, 1895 Pygmy Mulga Goanna182. Varanus gouldii (Gray, 1838) Sand Goanna183. Varanus rosenbergi Mertens, 1957 Heath Goanna R184. Varanus tristis (Schlegel, 1839) Black-headed Goanna185. Varanus varius (White, ex Shaw, 1790) Tree Goanna R

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Snakes

FAMILY - BOIDAE Boas and Pythons

186. Antaresia stimsoni (Smith,1895) Stimson's Python187. Aspidites ramsayi (Macleay, 1882) Woma188. Morelia spilota (Lacepede, 1804) Carpet Python V

FAMILY - ELAPIDAE Elapid Snakes

189. Acanthophis antarcticus (Shaw & Nodder, 1802) Common Death Adder190. Acanthophis pyrrhus Boulenger, 1898 Desert Death Adder R191. Austrelaps labialis (Jan, 1859) Pygmy Copperhead192. Austrelaps superbus (Gunther, 1858) Lowland Copperhead193. Demansia psammophis (Schlegel, 1837) Yellow-faced Whipsnake194. Demansia reticulata (Gray, 1842) Desert Whipsnake195. Demansia sp.'Channel Country Whipsnake' Channel Country Whipsnake V196. Drysdalia coronoides (Gunther, 1858) White-lipped Snake197. Drysdalia mastersii (Krefft, 1866) Masters’ Snake198. Echiopsis curta (Schlegal, 1837) Bardick R199. Furina diadema (Schlegal, 1837) Red-naped Snake200. Furina ornata (Gray, 1842) Moon Snake201. Notechis ater (Krefft, 1866) Black Tiger Snake

N. a. ater, the Flinders Ranges population, is considered VU202. Notechis scutatus (Peters, 1861) Eastern Tiger Snake203. Oxyuranus microlepidotus (McCoy, 1879) Inland Taipan204. Pseudechis australis (Gray, 1842) Mulga Snake205. Pseudechis porphyriacus (Shaw, 1794) Red-bellied Black Snake206. Pseudonaja affinis Gunther, 1872 Dugite207. Pseudonaja guttata (Parker, 1926) Spotted Brown Snake208. Pseudonaja inframacula (Waite, 1925) Peninsula Brown Snake209. Pseudonaja modesta (Gunther, 1872) Five-ringed Snake210. Pseudonaja nuchalis Gunther, 1858 Western Brown Snake211. Pseudonaja textilis (Dumeril, Bibron & Dumeril, 1854) Eastern Brown Snake212. Simoselaps anomalus (Sternfeld, 1919) Centralian Banded Snake213. Simoselaps australis (Krefft, 1864) Coral Snake214. Simoselaps bertholdi (Jan, 1859) Desert Banded Snake215. Simoselaps bimaculatus Dumeril, Bibron & Dumeril, 1854) Western Black-naped Snake216. Simoselaps fasciolatus (Gunther, 1872) Narrow-banded Snake217. Simoselaps semifasciatus (Gunther, 1863) Half-girdled Snake218. Suta flagellum (McCoy, 1878) Little Whip Snake219. Suta monachus (Storr, 1964) Hooded Snake220. Suta nigriceps (Gunther, 1863) Mitchell's Short-tailed Snake221. Suta spectabilis (Krefft, 1869) Mallee Black-headed Snake222. Suta suta (Peters, 1863) Curl Snake223. Vermicella annulata (Gray, 1841) Common Bandy-Bandy R

FAMILY - TYPHLOPIDAE Blind Snakes

224. Ramphotyphlops australis (Gray, 1845) Southern Blind Snake225. Ramphotyphlops bituberculatus (Peters, 1863) Rough-nosed Blind Snake226. Ramphotyphlops endoterus (Waite, 1918) Centralian Blind Snake

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1. Broad-shelled TortoiseChelodina expansa

2. Common Long-neckedTortoise

Chelodina longicollis

3. Murray River TortoiseEmydura macquarii

4. Loggerhead TurtleCaretta caretta

5. Green TurtleChelonia mydas

6. Leathery TurtleDermochelys coriacea

7. Gilbert's DragonAmphibolurus gilberti

8. Long-nosed DragonAmphibolurus longirostris

9. Jacky LizardAmphibolurus muricatus

10. Nobbi DragonAmphibolurus nobbi

11. Mallee Tree-DragonAmphibolurus norrisi

12. Black-collared DragonCtenophorus clayi

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13. Crested DragonCtenophorus cristatus

14. Tawny DragonCtenophorus decresii

15. Peninsula DragonCtenophorus fionni

16. Mallee DragonCtenophorus fordi

17. Gibber DragonCtenophorus gibba

18. Military DragonCtenophorus isolepis

19. Spotted DragonCtenophorus maculatus

20. Lake Eyre DragonCtenophorus maculosus

21. McKenzie's DragonCtenophorus mckenziei

22. Central Netted DragonCtenophorus nuchalis

23. Painted DragonCtenophorus pictus

24. Western Netted DragonCtenophorus reticulatus

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25. Rusty DragonCtenophorus rufescens

26. Western Painted DragonCtenophorus salinarum

27. Ochre DragonCtenophorus tjantjalka

29. Red-barred DragonCtenophorus vadnappa

29. Linga DragonDiporiphora linga

30. Canegrass DragonDiporiphora winneckei

31. Thorny DevilMoloch horridus

32. Water Dragon*Physignathus lesueurii

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33. Eastern Bearded DragonPogona barbata

34. Dwarf Bearded DragonPogona minor

35. Nullarbor Bearded DragonPogona nullarbor

36. Central Bearded DragonPogona vitticepsSee

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37. Prickly DragonTympanocryptis adelaidensis

38. Centralian Earless DragonTympanocryptis centralis

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39. Pebble DragonTympanocryptis cephalus

40. Nullarbor Earless DragonTympanocryptis houstoni

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41. Smooth-snouted EarlessDragon

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42. Five-lined Earless DragonTympanocryptis lineata

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43. Eyrean Earless DragonTympanocryptis tetraporophora

44. Clawless GeckoCrenadactylus ocellatus

45. Pink-blotched GeckoDiplodactylus byrnei

46. Fat-tailed GeckoDiplodactylus conspicillatus

47. Beaded GeckoDiplodactylus damaeus

48. Mesa GeckoDiplodactylus galeatus

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49. Western Stone GeckoDiplodactylus granariensis

50. Patchwork GeckoDiplodactylus pulcher

51. Map GeckoDiplodactylus steindachneri

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52. Sandplain GeckoDiplodactylus stenodactylus

53. Tessellated GeckoDiplodactylus tessellatus

54. Eastern Stone GeckoDiplodactylus vittatus

55. Pernatty Knob-tailed GeckoNephrurus deleani

56. Pale Knob-tailed GeckoNephrurus laevissimus

57. Smooth Knob-tailed GeckoNephrurus levis

58. Barking GeckoNephrurus milii

59. Starred Knob-tailed GeckoNephrurus stellatus

60. Marbled Velvet GeckoOedura marmorata

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61. Beaked GeckoRhynchoedura ornata

62. Thorn-tailed GeckoStrophorus assimilis

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63. Northern Spiny-tailedGecko

Strophurus ciliaris

64. Jewelled GeckoStrophurus elderi

65. Southern Spiny-tailedGecko

Strophurus intermedius

66. Eastern Spiny-tailed GeckoStrophurus williamsi

67. Marbled GeckoChristinus marmoratus

68. Central Rock DtellaGehyra montium

69. Purple DtellaGehyra purpurascens

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70. Southern Rock DtellaGehyra sp. 2n=24

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71. Tree DtellaGehyra variegata

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72. Bynoe's GeckoHeteronotia binoeiSee

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73. Red-tailed Worm-lizardAprasia inaurita

74. Flinders Worm LizardAprasia pseudopulchella

75. Lined Worm-lizardAprasia striolata

76. Barred Snake-lizardDelma australis

77. Northern Snake-lizardDelma borea

78. Spinifex Snake-lizardDelma butleri

79. Fraser's Snake-lizardDelma fraseri

80. Striped Snake-lizardDelma impar

81. Olive Snake-lizardDelma inornata

82. Adelaide Snake-lizardDelma molleri

83. Centralian Snake-lizardDelma nasuta

84. Black-necked Snake-lizardDelma tincta

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113

85. Burton's Legless LizardLialis burtonis

86. Bronzeback Legless LizardOphidiocephalus taeniatus

87. Common Scaly-footPygopus lepidopodus

88. Black-headed Scaly-footPygopus nigriceps

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89. Hooded Scaly-footPygopus schraderi

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90. Eastern Three-lined SkinkBassiana duperreyi

91. Western Three-lined SkinkBassiana trilineata

92. Desert Rainbow SkinkCarlia triacantha

93. Desert Wall SkinkCryptoblepharus plagiocephalus

94. Striped Wall SkinkCryptoblepharus virgatus

95. Pin-striped CtenotusCtenotus ariadnae

96. Southern Spinifex CtenotusCtenotus atlasSee

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97. Brown CtenotusCtenotus brachyonyx

98. Sandhill CtenotusCtenotus brooksi

99. Blue-tailed SkinkCtenotus calurus

100. Narrow-lined CtenotusCtenotus dux

101. Giant Desert CtenotusCtenotus grandis

102. Greer’s CtenotusCtenotus greeri

103. Blacksoil CtenotusCtenotus joanae

104. Centralian CoppertailCtenotus leae

105. Common Desert CtenotusCtenotus leonhardii

106. Saltbush CtenotusCtenotus olympicus

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107. Eastern Spotted CtenotusCtenotus orientalis

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108. Leopard SkinkCtenotus pantherinusSee

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109. Paleface CtenotusCtenotus piankai

110. Many-lined CtenotusCtenotus quattuordecimlineatus

111. Eastern Desert CtenotusCtenotus regius

112. Eastern Striped SkinkCtenotus robustus

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113. Centralian Striped SkinkCtenotus saxatilis

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114. Sandplain CtenotusCtenotus schomburgkii

115. Gibber CtenotusCtenotus septenarius

116. Short-legged CtenotusCtenotus strauchii

117. Spinifex SlenderBluetongue

Cyclodomorphus melanops

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118. Saltbush SlenderBluetongue

Cyclodomorphus venustus

119. Swamp SkinkEgernia coventryi

120. Cunningham's SkinkEgernia cunninghami

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121. Desert SkinkEgernia inornata

122. TjakuraEgernia kintorei

123. Masked Rock SkinkEgernia margaretae

124. Bull SkinkEgernia multiscutata

125. Western Tree SkinkEgernia richardi

126. Black-striped Desert SkinkEgernia slateri

127. Gidgee SkinkEgernia stokesii

128. Night SkinkEgernia striata

129. Eastern Tree SkinkEgernia striolata

130. White's SkinkEgernia whitii

131. Narrow-bandedSandswimmer

Eremiascincus fasciolatus

132. Broad-bandedSandswimmer

Eremiascincus richardsonii

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133. Yellow-bellied WaterSkink

Eulamprus heatwolei

134. Eastern Water SkinkEulamprus quoyii

135. Southern Water SkinkEulamprus tympanum

136. Three-toed Earless SkinkHemiergis decresiensis

137. Western Earless SkinkHemiergis initialis

138. Rusty Earless SkinkHemiergis millewae

139. Four-toed Earless SkinkHemiergis peronii

140. Delicate SkinkLampropholis delicata

141. Garden SkinkLampropholis guichenoti

142. Beach SliderLerista arenicola

143. Speckled SliderLerista baynesi

144. Western Two-toed SliderLerista bipesSee

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145. Bougainville's SkinkLerista bougainvillii

146. Great Desert SliderLerista desertorum

146. Dwarf four-toed SliderLerista distinguenda

148. Southern Four-toed SliderLerista dorsalis

149. Myall SliderLerista edwardsae

150. Woomera SliderLerista elongata

151. Eastern Two-toed SliderLerista labialis

152. Long-legged SliderLerista microtis

153. Dwarf Three-toed SliderLerista muelleri

154. Spotted SliderLerista punctatovittata

155. Musgrave SliderLerista speciosa

156. Ribbon SliderLerista taeniataSee

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157. Southern Three-toedSlider

Lerista terdigitata

158. Yellow-tailed SliderLerisata xanthura

159. Dwarf SkinkMenetia greyii

160. Adelaide Snake-eyeMorethia adelaidensis

161. Common Snake-eyeMorethia boulengeri

162. Butler's Snake-eyeMorethia butleri

163. Mallee Snake-eyeMorethia obscura

164. Fire-tailed SkinkMorethia ruficauda

165. Desert Glossy SkinkNotoscincus ornatus

166. Blacksoil SkinkProablepharus kinghorni

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167. Silvereye SkinkProablepharus reginae

168. Bight Coast SkinkPseudemoia baudiniSee

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169. Southern Grass SkinkPseudemoia entrecasteausii

170. Tussock SkinkPseudemoia pagenstecheri

171. Glossy Grass SkinkPseudemoia rawlinsoni

172. Pygmy BluetongueTiliqua adelaidensis

173. Centralian BluetongueTiliqua multifasciata

174. Blotched BluetongueTiliqua nigrolutea

175. Western BluetongueTiliqua occipitalis

176. Sleepy LizardTiliqua rugosa

177. Eastern BluetongueTiliqua scincoides

178. Short-tailed PygmyGoanna

Varanus brevicauda

179 Desert Pygmy GoannaVaranus eremius

180. PerentieVaranus giganteus

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181. Pygmy Mulga GoannaVaranus gilleni

182. Sand GoannaVaranus gouldii

183. Heath GoannaVaranus rosenbergi

184. Black-headed GoannaVaranus tristis

185. Tree GoannaVaranus varius

186. Stimson's PythonAntaresia stimsoni

187. WomaAspidites ramsayi

188. Carpet PythonMorelia spilota

189. Common Death AdderAcanthophis antarcticus

190. Desert Death AdderAcanthophis pyrrhus

191. Pigmy CopperheadAustrelaps labialis

192. Lowland CopperheadAustrelaps superbus

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193. Yellow-faced WhipsnakeDemansia psammophis

194. Desert WhipsnakeDemansia reticulata

195. Channel CountryWhipsnake

Demansia sp. ‘Channel CountryWhipsnake’

196. White-lipped SnakeDrysdalia coronoides

197. Masters’ SnakeDrysdalia mastersii

198. BardickEchiopsis curta

199. Red-naped SnakeFurina diadema

200. Moon SnakeFurina ornata

201. Black Tiger SnakeNotechis ater

202. Eastern Tiger SnakeNotechis scutatus

203. Inland TaipanOxyuranus microlepidotus

204. Mulga SnakePseudechis australis

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205. Red-bellied Black SnakePseudechis porphyriacus

206. DugitePseudonaja affinis

207. Spotted Brown SnakePseudonaja guttata

208 Peninsula Brown SnakePseudonaja inframacula

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209. Five-ringed SnakePseudonaja modesta

210. Western Brown SnakePseudonaja nuchalis

211. Eastern Brown SnakePseudonaja textilis

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212. Centralian Banded SnakeSimoselaps anomalus

213. Coral SnakeSimoselaps australis

214. Desert Banded SnakeSimoselaps bertholdi

215. Western Black-napedSnake

Simoselaps bimaculatus

216. Narrow-banded SnakeSimoselaps fasciolatus

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217. Half-girdled SnakeSimoselaps semifasciatus

218. Little Whip SnakeSuta flagellum

219. Hooded SnakeSuta monachus

220. Mitchell's Short-tailedSnake

Suta nigriceps

221. Mallee Black-headedSnake

Suta spectabilis

222. Curl SnakeSuta suta

223. Common Bandy-BandyVermicella annulata

224. Southern Blind SnakeRamphotyphlops australis

225. Rough-nosed Blind SnakeRamphotyphlops bituberculatus

226. Centralian Blind SnakeRamphotyphlops endoterus

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CLASS AMPHIBIA - Amphibians

ORDER ANURA - Frogs

FAMILY HYLIDAE - Tree frogs

1. Cyclorana cultripes Parker, 1940 Knife-footed Frog2. Cyclorana maini Tyler & Martin,1977 Main's Frog3. Cyclorana platycephala (Gunther, 1873) Water-holding Frog4. Litoria caerulea (White, 1790) Green Tree Frog5. Litoria ewingi (Dumeril & Bibron, 1841) Brown Tree Frog6. Litoria latopalmata Gunther, 1867 Broad-palmed Frog7. Litoria peroni (Tschudi, 1838) Peron's Tree Frog8. Litoria raniformis (Keferstein, 1867) Golden Bell Frog V9. Litoria rubella (Gray, 1842) Red Tree Frog

FAMILY MYOBATRACHIDAE - Southern frogs

10. Crinia deserticola Liem & Ingram, 1977 Desert Froglet11. Crinia parinsignifera (Main, 1957) Eastern Sign Bearing Froglet12. Crinia riparia (Littlejohn & Main, 1965) Streambank Froglet13. Crinia signifera (Girard, 1853) Common Froglet14. Geocrinia laevis (Gunther, 1864) Smooth Frog R15. Limnodynastes dumerili Peters, 1863 Bull Frog16. Limnodynastes fletcheri Boulenger, 1888 Long-thumbed Frog17. Limnodynastes peroni (Dumeril & Bibron, 1841) Striped Marsh Frog18. Limnodynastes spenceri Parker, 1940 Spencer's Burrowing Frog19. Limnodynastes tasmaniensis Gunther, 1858 Spotted Grass Frog20. Neobatrachus centralis (Parker, 1940) Trilling Frog21. Neobatrachus pictus Peters, 1863 Painted Frog22. Neobatrachus sudelli (Lamb, 1911) Sudell's Frog23. Neobatrachus sutor Main, 1957 Shoemaker Frog24. Pseudophryne bibroni Gunther, 1858 Brown Toadlet25. Pseudophryne occidentalis Parker, 1940 Orange-crowned Toadlet26. Pseudophryne semimarmorata Lucas, 1892 Marbled Toadlet27. Uperoleia capitulata Davies, McDonald & Corbin, 1986 Small-headed ToadletSee

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1. Knife-footed FrogCyclorana cultripes

2. Main’s FrogCyclorana maini

3. Water-holding FrogCyclorana platycephala

4. Green Tree FrogLitoria caerulea

5. Brown Tree FrogLitoria ewingii

6. Broad-palmed Tree FrogLitoria latopalmata

7. Peron's Tree FrogLitoria peroni

8. Golden Bell FrogLitoria raniformis

9. Red Tree FrogLitoria rubella

10. Desert FrogletCrinia deserticola

11. Eastern Sign-bearing FrogletCrinia parinsignifera

12. Streambank FrogletCrinia riparia

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13. Brown FrogletCrinia signifera

14. Smooth FrogGeocrinia laevis

15. Bull FrogLimnodynastes dumerili

16. Long-thumbed FrogLimnodynastes fletcheri

17. Striped Marsh FrogLimnodynastes peroni

18. Spencer’s Burrowing frogLimnodynastes spenceri

19. Marbled FrogLimnodynastes tasmaniensis

20. Trilling FrogNeobatrachus centralis

21. Meeowing FrogNeobatrachus pictus

22. Sudell’s FrogNeobatrachus sudelli

23. Shoemaker FrogNeobatrachus sutor

24. Brown ToadletPseudophryne bibronii

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25. Orange-crowned ToadletPseudophryne occidentalis

26. Marbled ToadletPseudophryne semimarmorata

27. Small-headed ToadletUperoleia capitulata

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A List of the Vertebrates of South Australia_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Freshwater Fishes_______________________________________________________________________________________________

Compiled by T. Sim, Collection Manager, FishesSouth Australian Museum, North Terrace, ADELAIDE 5000

The following list comprises all species of freshwaterfish reliably recorded as free living forms from SouthAustralia during the period of European settlement.‘Freshwater fishes’ are here regarded as those speciesthat necessarily spend all or part of their life cycles innon-marine inland waters. The list therefore excludesthose essentially marine species which occasionallyventure into fresh water.

Two classes are represented in South Australia:Cephalaspidomorpha and Osteichthyes. Within theseclasses, orders, families, genera and species are listedalphabetically

The list of South Australian Freshwater fishes showsthe following statistical composition. Figures inbrackets show numbers of introduced families andspecies.

Class Common Name Number offamilies

Number ofspecies

Cephalaspidomorpha Jawless Cartilaginous Fishes 1 2Osteichthyes Bony Fishes 20(3) 63(9)Totals 21(3) 65 (9)

The conservation status of South Australian freshwater fish is shown in the table below:

Class Common Name TotalSpecies

EX E V R

Cephalaspidomorpha Jawless Cartilaginous Fishes 2Osteichthyes Bony Fishes 63(9) 3 2 3 3Totals 65(9) 3 2 3 3

Distributions are indicated in terms of environmentalprovinces (Fig. 1) rather than as grid maps as for therest of the sections of this list, as suitable computeriseddistribution data is not yet available for the freshwaterfishes. Some species found in provinces 1, 2, 3 and 4may also occur in adjacent coastal and/or gulf waters aswell as inland waters because their life cycles normallyinvolve both freshwater and marine phases. For thepurposes of this listing, Province 4 has been dividedinto two sub-regions: 4a refers to Eyre Peninsula, 4b tothat part of the province east of Spencer Gulf(including the Adelaide Plains). A province in bracketsindicates that there is no museum record, but thespecies is recorded from there.

On present evidence, four species are believed to beendemic to South Australia and these are indicated inthe list

A # sign alongside a particular region indicates thatrecorded occurrences there are only from artificialhabitats (reservoirs, dams or tanks). Reported butunsubstantiated occurrences are accompanied by a ?.With respect to Rainbow and Brown Trout,

distributions include non-breeding populations that aremaintained only by regular re-introductions.The given terrestrial environmental provinces havebeen transcribed from occurrences recorded in drainagedivisions (Glover, 1982 and unpublished data).Drainage divisions are more natural provinces forplotting and describing fish occurrences, but thedrainage divisions almost correspond with theenvironmental provinces recognised for SouthAustralia.

Occurrence of a species in any one province may not bewidespread and in fact may be based on only one ortwo records, especially for introduced species.Furthermore, in at least one instance (Salvelinusfrontalis), the recorded occurrence is no longer presentand most, if not all occurrences of salmonid fishesevidently do not represent self-sustaining breedingpopulations

Common names used and conservation status are fromThe Action Plan for Australian Freshwater Fish (Wagerand Jackson 1993).

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References which have been consulted in the preparation of this listing are cited below.

REFERENCES

Allen, G. R. (1989) Freshwater Fishes of Australia.TFH Publications

Cadwallader, P. L. and Backhouse, G. N. (1983). AGuide to the Freshwater Fish of Victoria.Victoria Government Printing Office,Melbourne

Glover, C. J. M. (1979). Fishes. In: Tyler, M. J.,Twidale, C. R. and Ling, J. K. (eds) NaturalHistory of Kangaroo Island. pp 139-153.Royal Society of South Australia, Adelaide.

Glover, C. J. M. (1982). A checklist of freshwaterfishes (Pteromyzones, Teleostomi) recorded inSouth Australian inland waters. SouthAustralian Museum Information Leaflet No71. South Australian Museum, Adelaide.

Glover, C. J. M. (1983). Freshwater and marine fishesIn: Tyler, M. J., Twidale, C. R., Ling, J. K.and Holmes, J. W. (eds) Natural History ofthe South East pp 157-167. Royal Society ofSouth Australia.

Glover, C. J. M. (1985). Additions to the fish fauna ofSouth Australia. Transactions of the RoyalSociety of South Australia 109, 59-60.

Glover, C. J. M. (1987). Threatened fish species inSouth Australia. In: Harris, J. H. (ed.)Proccedings of a Cconference on Australianthreatened fishes. pp55-58. Division ofFisheries, Department of Agriculture, Sydney.

Glover, C. J. M. (1989). Fishes. In: Zeidler, W. andPonder, W. F. (eds) Natural History of theDalhousie Springs. pp89-111. SouthAustralian Museum, Adelaide.

Glover, C. J. M. and Olsen, A. M. (1985). Fish andmajor fisheries. In: Twidale, C. R. , Tyler, M.J. and Davies, M. (eds) Natural History ofEyre Peninsula. pp 169-181. Royal Society ofSouth Australia.

McCulloch, A. R. (1929-30) A check-list of the fishesrecorded from Australia. Australian MuseumMemoirs 5, i-x and 1-534.

McDowell, R. M. (ed.) (1970). FreshwaterFishes ofSouth-eastern Australia. A. H. and A.W. ReedPty Ltd, Sydney.

Paxton, J. R., Hoese, D. F., Allen, G. R. and Hanley, J.E. (1989) Zoological Catalogue of Australia 7Pisces Petromyzontidae to Carangidae.Australian Government Publishing Service

Scott, T. D., Glover, C. J. M. and Southcott, R. V.(1974). The Marine and Freshwater Fishes ofSouth Australia (Second Edition).Government Printer, Adelaide.

Wager, R and Jackson, P (1993) The Action Plan forAustralian Freshwater Fish. Australian NatureConservation Agency, Canberra.

Waite, E. R. (1923). The Fishes of South Australia.Government Printer, Adelaide.

131

Figure 1.Environmental Provinces of South Australia:1-South East, 2-Murray Mallee, 3-Mt Lofty Block, 4-Eyre and Yorke Peninsulas and Adelaide Plains, 5-Eastern

Pastoral, 6-Flinders Ranges, 7-Western Pastoral, 8-Northern Arid.

132

CLASS CEPHALASPIDOMORPHA -Jawless cartilaginous fishes

ORDER PETROMYZONTIFORMES - Lampreys

FAMILY PETROMYZONTIDAE - Lampreys

1. Geotria australis Gray, 1851 Pouched Lamprey (1), 2, 3, 4b2. Mordacia mordax (Richardson, 1846) Short-headed Lamprey (1), 2, 3, 4b

CLASS OSTEICHTHYES - Bony Fishes

ORDER ANGUILLIFORMES

FAMILY ANGUILLIDAE - Freshwater eels

3. Anguilla australis Richardson, 1841 Short-finned Eel (1), 2,3

ORDER ATHERINIFORMES

FAMILY - ATHERINIDAE Hardyheads or silversides

4. Atherinosoma microstoma (Gunther, 1861) Smallmouth Hardyhead 1, 2, (3), 4a, 4b5. Craterocephalus dalhousiensis Ivantsoff & Glover, 1974 Dalhousie Hardyhead 8 R (Endemic)6. Craterocephalus eyresii (Steindachner, 1884) Lake Eyre Hardyhead 6, 87. Craterocephalus fluviatilis McCulloch, 1913 Murray Hardyhead 28. Craterocephalus gloveri Crowley & Ivantsoff 1990 Glover’s Hardyhead 8 (Endemic)9. Craterocephalus stercusmuscarum (Gunther, 1867) Fly-specked Hardyhead

FAMILY MELANOTAENIDAE - Rainbow fishes

10. Melanotaenia fluviatilis (Castelnau,1878) Crimson-spotted Rainbow Fish 211. Melanotaenia splendida (Peters, 1867) Desert Rainbow Fish 8

South Australian form M. s tatei FAMILY POECILIIDAE - Live bearers

12. *Gambusia holbrooki Girard,1859 Eastern Gambusia 1, 2, 3, 4b, 5, 6, 7, 8

ORDER CLUPEIFORMES

FAMILY CLUPEIDAE - Bony Bream, herrings, pilchards and sprats

13. Nematalosa erebi (Gunther, 1868) Bony Bream 2, 6, 8

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ORDER CYPRINIFORMES

FAMILY CYPRINIDAE - Carps and allies

14. *Carassius auratus (Linnaeus, 1758) Goldfish 1, 2, 3, 4a#, 4b, 7#, 815. *Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758 European Carp 2, 3, 4b, 6, 8#16. *Tinca tinca (Linnaeus, 1758) Tench 2, (3), 4b

ORDER PERCIFORMES

FAMILY AMBASSIDAE - Chanda perches and allies

16. Ambassis agassizi Steindachner,1866 Agassiz’s Perchlet (Western Chanda Perch) 2 E17. Ambassis mulleri Klunzinger, 1880 Mueller’s Perchlet 8

FAMILY BOVICHTHYIDAE - Temperate icefishes

18. Pseudaphritis urvilli (Valenciennes, 1831) Congolli 1, 2, 3, 4Although regarded as a primarily marine species, this fish nevertheless very commonly enters freshwater which may therefore bean essential phase of its lifecycle.

FAMILY ELEOTRIDAE - Gudgeons

19. Hypseleotris klunzingeri (Ogilby, 1898) Western Carp Gudgeon 1, 2, 4, 820. Hypseleotris sp A (undescribed species) Midgley’s Carp Gudgeon 2, 821. Hypseleotris sp B (undescribed species) Lake’s Carp Gudgeon 2, 822. Mogurnda adspersa (Castelnau, 1878) Purple-Spotted Gudgeon 2, 3, 4b E23. Mogurnda mogurnda (Richardson, 1844) Northern Trout Gudgeon (Northern Chequered Gudgeon, Purple-

spotted Gudgeon) 824. Morgurnda clivicola Jenkins & Allen, (in press) Flinders Ranges Purple-spotted Gudgeon 6 (Endemic)26. Morgurnda thermophila Jenkins & Allen, (in press) Dalhousie Purple-spotted Gudgeon 8 (Endemic)27. Philypnodon grandiceps (Krefft, 1864) Big-headed Gudgeon 1, 2, 328. Philypnodon sp 2 (undescribed species) Dwarf Flathead Gudgeon 2

FAMILY GADOPSIDAE - River Blackfish

29. Gadopsis marmoratus Richardson, 1848 River Blackfish 1, 2, 3, (4b)

FAMILY GOBIIDAE - Gobies

30. Chlamydogobius eremius (Zietz, 1896) Desert Goby 6, 831. Chlamydogobius gloveri Larson, 1995 Dalhousie Goby 8 (Endemic)32. Favonigobius tamarensis (Johnston, 1883) Tamar River Goby 2, 3, 4b33. Pseudogobius olorum (Sauvage, 1880) Swan River Goby 2, 3, 4a, 4b

FAMILY KUHLIIDAE - Pygmy Perches

34. Nannoperca australis Gunther, 1862 Southern Pygmy Perch 1, 2, 335. Nannoperca obscura (Klunzinger, 1872) Yarra Pygmy Perch 1 VU, V36. Nannoperca variegata Kuiter & Allen,1986 Ewen’s Pygmy Perch (Variegated Pygmy Perch) 1 VU, R

FAMILY PERCICHTHYIDAE - Australian freshwater basses, cods

37. Maccullochella macquariensis (Cuvier,1829) Trout Cod 2 EN, EX38. Maccullochella peeli (Mitchell, 1839) Murray Cod 2 V39. Macquaria ambigua (Richardson, 1845) Callop (2)

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40. Macquaria australasica Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1839 Macquarie Perch 2, EX41. Macquaria colonorum (Gunther, 1863) Estuary Perch 242. Macquaria sp A (undescribed species) Lake Eyre Golden Perch 8

FAMILY PERCIDAE True perches

43. *Perca fluviatilis Linnaeus, 1758 Redfin Perch 1, 2, 3, 4a#, 4b, 5#?, 6

FAMILY TERAPONTIDAE - Freshwater Grunters or Terapon Perch

44. Amniataba percoides (Gunther, 1864) Barred Grunter (Black-striped Grunter) 845. Bidyanus bidyanus (Mitchell, 1838) Silver Perch 246. Bidyanus sp (undescribed species) Cooper Grunter 847. Bidyanus welchi (McCulloch & Waite, 1917) Welch's Grunter 848. Leiopotherapon unicolor (Gunther, 1859) Spangled Perch 2, 8, 649. Scortum barcoo (McCulloch & Waite, 1917) Barcoo Grunter 8

ORDER SALMONIFORMES

FAMILY GALAXIIDAE – Galaxiids (jollytails), minnows, native trouts

50. Galaxias brevipinnis Gunther, 1855 Climbing Galaxias 2, 3, 4b51. Galaxias maculatus (Jenyns, 1842) Common Jollytail 1, 2, 3, 4a, 4b52. Galaxias olidus Gunther, 1866 Mountain Galaxias (1), 2, 3, 4b53. Galaxias rostratus Klunzinger, 1872 Murray Jollytail (2) V54. Galaxiella pusilla (Mack, 1936) Dwarf Galaxias 1 VU

FAMILY PROTOTROCTIDAE - Grayling

55. Prototroctes maraena Gunther, 1864 Australian Grayling (1) VU, R

FAMILY RETROPINNIDAE - Smelt

56. Retropinna semoni (Weber, 1895) Australian Smelt 2, 6, 8

FAMILY SALMONIDAE Salmon and trout

57. *Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792) Rainbow Trout (1), 2, 3, (4a#), (4b), (6?), (7#?), (8#?)58. *Salmo trutta Linnaeus, 1758 Brown Trout (1), 2, 3, (4b)59. *Salmo salar Linnaeus, 1778 Atlantic Salmon 260. *Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill, 1815) Brook Trout (3) EX

ORDER SILURIFORMES

FAMILY PLOTOSIDAE - Eel-tailed Catfishes

61. Neosilurus hyrtlii Steindachner, 1867 Hyrtl's Tandan 862. Neosilurus gloveri Allen & Feinberg, 1998 Glover’s Catfish 8 (Endemic)63. Neosiluroides cooperensis Allen & Feinberg, 1998 Cooper Creek Tandan 864. Porochilus argenteus (Zeitz, 1896) Silver Tandan 865 Tandanus tandanus Mitchell, 1838 Freshwater Catfish 1, 2, 4b V

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INDEX___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Current Scientific and common names are shown in bold italics and bold normal type respectively. Alternative common names andscientific names from the previous edition of this list (Watts, 1990) are shown in normal type

Acanthagenys rufogularis 78Acanthiza apicalis 78Acanthiza chrysorrhoa 78Acanthiza iredalei 78Acanthiza lineata 78Acanthiza nana 78Acanthiza pusilla 78Acanthiza reguloides 78Acanthiza robustirostris 78Acanthiza uropygialis 78Acanthophis antarcticus 105Acanthophis pyrrhus 105Acanthorhynchus tenuirostris 78Accipiter cirrhocephalus 44Accipiter fasciatus 44Accipiter novaehollandiae 44Acridotheres tristis 83Acrobates pygmaeus 19Acrocephalus australis 82Acrocephalus stentoreus seeAcrocephalus australis 82Actitis hypoleucos 45Aegintha temporalis = Neochimiatemporalis 82Aegotheles cristatus 50Agapornis roseicollis 83Alauda arvensis 82Albatross, Black-browed 42Albatross, Buller’s 42Albatross , Grey-headed 42Albatross, Light-mantled Sooty 42Albatross, Northern Royal 42Albatross, Royal 42Albatross, Shy 42Albatross, Sooty 42Albatross, Wandering 42Albatross, Yellow-nosed 42Alcedo azurea 50Alectura lathami 40Ambassis agassizi 133Ambassis mulleri 133Amniataba percoides 134Amphibolurus gilberti 101Amphibolurus longirostris 101Amphibolurus muricatus 101Amphibolurus nobbi 101Amphibolurus norrisi 101Amytornis barbatus 77Amytornis goyderi 77Amytornis merrotsyi 77Amytornis purnelli 77Amytornis striatus 77Amytornis textilis 77Anas castanea 41Anas clypeata 41Anas gracilis 41Anas platyrhynchos 41Anas querquedula 41Anas rhynchotis 41Anas superciliosa 41Anguilla australis 132

Anhinga melanogaster 43Anseranas semipalmata 40Antaresia stimsoni 105Antechinomys laniger 17Antechinus flavipes 16Antechinus minimus 16Antechinus , Swamp 16Antechinus,Yellow-footed 16Anthochaera carunculata 78Anthochaera chrysoptera 78Anthus novaeseelandiae 82Aphelocephala leucopsis 78Aphelocephala nigricincta 78Aphelocephala pectoralis 78Apostlebird 81Aprasia inaurita 102Aprasia pseudopulchella 102Aprasia striolata 102Aprosmictus erythropterus 48Aptenodytes patagonicus 41Apus affinus 50Apus pacificus 50Aquila audax 44Arctocephalus forsteri 20Arctocephalus tropicalis 20Arctocephalus pusillus 20Ardea alba 43Ardea garzetta = Egretta garzetta 43Ardea ibis 43Ardea intermedia 43Ardea novaehollandiae = Egrettanovaehollandiae 43Ardea pacifica 43Ardea picata 43Ardea sacra = Egretta sacra 43Arenaria interpres 46Artamus cinereus 80Artamus cyanopterus 80Artamus leucorhynchus 80Artamus minor 80Artamus personatus 80Artamus superciliosus 80Ashbyia lovensis 79Aspidites ramsayi 105Atherinosoma microstoma 132Austrelaps sp. = Austrelaps labialis105Austrelaps labialis 105Austrelaps superbus 105Avocet, Red-necked 46Aythya australis 41Balaenoptera acutorostrata 21Balaenoptera borealis 21Balaenoptera edeni 21Balaenoptera musculus 21Balaenoptera physalus 21Bandicoot, Desert 17Bandicoot, Eastern Barred 17Bandicoot, Golden 17Bandicoot, Pig-footed 17

Bandicoot, Short-nosed = SouthernBrown Bandicoot 17Bandicoot, Southern Brown 17Bandicoot, Western Barred 17Bandy Bandy, Common 105Bardick 105Berardius arnouxii 22Barnardius zonarius 48Bassiana duperreyi 103Bassiana trilineata 103Bat, Chocolate Wattled 20Bat, Finlayson’s Cave 20Bat, Ghost 19Bat, Gould’s Long-eared 20Bat, Gould’s Wattled 20Bat, Greater Long-eared 20Bat, Hill’s Sheathtail 19Bat, Inland Broad-nosed 20Bat, Inland Forest 20Bat, Large Bentwing 20Bat, Large Forest 20Bat, Little Forest 20Bat, Lesser Long-eared 20Bat, Little Broad-nosed 20Bat, Little Pied 20Bat, Southern Forest 20Bat, Yellow-bellied Sheathtail 19Bee-eater, Rainbow 50Bellbird, Crested 80Bettong, Brush-tailed 18Bettong, Burrowing 18Bettongia lesueur 18Bettongia penicillata 18Bidyanus bidyanus 134Bidyanus sp. 134Bidyanus welchi 134Bilby 17Bilby, Greater 17Bilby, Lesser 17Bishop, Red 83Bittern, Australasian 43Bittern, Brown = AustralasianBittern 43Bittern, Little 43Biziura lobata 40Blackbird, Common = EurasianBlackbird 81Blackbird, Eurasian 81Black-Cockatoo, Glossy 48Black-Cockatoo, Red-tailed 48Black-Cockatoo, Yellow-tailed 48Blackfish, River 133Bluetongue, Blotched 104Bluetongue, Centralian 104Bluetongue, Eastern 104Bluetongue, Pygmy 104Bluetongue, Saltbush Slender 103Bluetongue, Spinifex Slender 103Bluetongue, Western 104Boobook, Southern 49Bos taurus 22

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Botaurus poiciloptilus 43Bowerbird, Spotted 81Bowerbird, Western 81Bream, Bony 132Bristlebird, Rufous 78Brolga 44Bronze-Cuckoo, Horsfield’s 49Bronze-Cuckoo, Shining 49Bronzewing, Brush 48Bronzewing, Common 48Bronzewing, Flock 48Brumby 22Brush-turkey, Australian 40Bubulcus ibis = Ardea ibis 43Bulbul, Red-whiskered 83Burhinus grallarius 46Bushlark, Horsfield’s 82Bushlark, Singing = Horsfield’sBushlark 82Butcherbird, Grey 80Butcherbird, Pied 80Button-quail, Little 45Button-quail, Painted 45Button-quail, Red-chested 45Buzzard, Black-breasted 44Cacatua galerita 48Cacatua leadbeateri 48Cacatua roseicapilla 48Cacatua sanguinea 48Cacatua tenuirostris 48Cacomantis flabelliformis 49Cacomantis variolosus 49Calamanthus campestris 78Calamanthus cautus 78Calamanthus fuliginosus 78Calamanthus pyrrhopygius 78Calidris acuminata 46Calidris alba 46Calidris bairdii 46Calidris canutus 46Calidris ferruginea 46Calidris fuscicollis 46Calidris melanotos 46Calidris minuta 46Calidris paramelanotos 46Calidris ruficollis 46Calidris subminuta 46Calidris tenuirostris 46Callop 134Caloprymnus campestris 18Calyptorhynchus banksii 48Calyptorhynchus funereus 48Calyptorhynchus lathami 48Callocephalon fimbriatum 48Camel, One-humped 22Camel, Arabian = One-humpedCamel 22Camelus dromedarius 22Canis lupus 20Caperea marginata 21Capra hircus 22Carassius auratus 133Carduelis carduelis 83Carduelis chloris 83Caretta caretta 101Carlia triacantha 103Carp, European 133Cat 20Cat, Feral = Cat 20

Catfish, Freshwater 134Catfish, Glover’s 134Catharacta antarctica = Catharactaskua 47Catheracta skua 47Catheracta maccormicki 47Cattle 22Cattle, European 22Cercartetus concinnus 18Cercartetus lepidus 18Cercartetus nanus 18Cereopsis novaehollandiae 41Cervus dama 22Cervus elaphus 22Certhionyx niger 78Certhionyx variegatus 78Ceyx azureus = Alcedo azurea 50Chaeropus ecaudatus 17Chalinolobus gouldii 20Chalinolobus morio 20Chalinolobus picatus 20Charadrius australis 46Charadrius bicinctus 46Charadrius dubius 46Charadrius hiaticula 46Charadrius leschenaultii 46Charadrius mongolus 46Charadrius rubricollis = Thinornisrubricollis 47Charadrius ruficapillus 46Charadrius veredus 47Chat, Crimson 79Chat, Orange 79Chat, White-fronted 79Chat, Yellow 79Chelodina expansa 101Chelodina longicollis 101Chelonia mydas 101Chenonetta jubata 41Cheramoeca leucosternus 81Chlamydera guttata 81Chlamydera maculata 81Chlamydogobius eremius 133Chlamydogobius gloveri 133Chlamydogobius sp. 2 =Chlamydogobius gloveri 133Chlidonias hybridus 47Chlidonias leucopterus 47Chough, White-winged 81Christinus marmoratus 102Chrysococcyx basalis 49Chrysococcyx lucidus 49Chrysococcyx osculans 49Cicadabird 81Cinclosoma alisteri now part ofCinclosoma cinnamomeum 79Cinclosoma castanotus 79Cinclosoma cinnamomeum 79Cinclosoma punctatum 80Cincloramphus cruralis 82Cincloramphus mathewsi 82Circus approximans 44Circus assimilis 44Cisticola exilis 82Cisticola, Golden-headed 82Cladorhynchus leucocephalus 46Climacteris affinis 77Climacteris picumnus 77Climacteris rufa 77

Cockatiel 48Cockatoo, Gang Gang 48Cockatoo, Major Mitchell’s 48Cockatoo, Pink = Major Mitchell’sCockatoo 48Cockatoo, Sulphur-crested 48Cod, Murray 133Cod, Trout 133Columba livia 47Colluricincla harmonica 80Congolli 133Copperhead, Lowland 105Copperhead, Pygmy 105Coppertail, Centralian 103Coracina novaehollandiae 80Coracina maxima 80Coracina papuensis 80Coracina tenuirostris 80Cormobates leucophaea =Cormobates leucophaeus 77Cormobates leucophaeus 77Cormorant, Black = GreatCormorant 43Cormorant, Black-faced 43Cormorant, Great 43Cormorant, Little Black 43Cormorant, Little Pied 43Cormorant, Pied 43Conilurus albipes 23Conopophila whitei 78Corella, Little 48Corella, Long-billed 48Corcorax melanorhamphos 81Corvus bennetti 81Corvus coronoides 81Corvus mellori 81Coprvus orru 81Corvus tasmanicus 81Coturnix chinensis 40Coturnix novaezelandiae seeCoturnix pectoralis 40Coturnix pectoralis 40Coturnix ypsilophora 40Cracticus nigrogularis 80Cracticus torquatus 80Crake, Australian Spotted 45Crake, Baillon’s 45Crake, Marsh = Baillon’s Crake 45Crake, Spotless 45Craterocephalus dalhousiensis 132Craterocephalus eyresii 132Craterocephalus fluviatilis 132Craterocephalus gloveri 132Craterocephalus sp. 5 =Craterocephalus gloveri 132Craterocephalus stercusmuscarum132Crenadactylus ocellatus 102Crinia deserticola 125Crinia parinsignifera 125Crinia riparia 125Crinia signifera 125Crow, Australian = Torresian Crow81Crow, Little 81Crow, Torresian 81Cryptoblepharus carnabyi =Cryptoblepharus plagiocephalus103

137

Cryptoblepharus plagiocephalus103Cryptoblepharus virgatus 103Ctenophorus clayi 101Ctenophorus cristatus 101Ctenophorus decresii 101Ctenophorus fionni 101Ctenophorus fordi 101Ctenophorus gibba 101Ctenophorus isolepis 101Ctenophorus maculatus 101Ctenophorus maculosus 101Ctenophorus mckenzei 101Ctenophorus nuchalis 101Ctenophorus pictus 101Ctenophorus reticulatus 101Ctenophorus rufescens 101Ctenophorus salinarum 101Ctenophorus scutulatus deletedCtenophorus tjantjalka 101Ctenophorus vadnappa 101Ctenotus ariadnae 103Ctenotus atlas 103Ctenotus, Blacksoil 103Ctenotus brachyonyx 103Ctenotus brooksi 103Ctenotus, Brown 103Ctenotus calurus 103Ctenotus, Common Desert 103Ctenotus dux 103Ctenotus, Eastern Desert 103Ctenotus, Eastern Spotted 103Ctenotus, Giant Desert 103Ctenotus, Gibber 103Ctenotus grandis 103Ctenotus, Greer’s 103Ctenotus greeri 103Ctenotus joanae 103Ctenotus leae 103Ctenotus leonhardii 103Ctenotus, Many-lined 103Ctenotus, Narrow-lined 103Ctenotus olympicus 103Ctenotus uber deletedCtenotus, Paleface 103Ctenotus pantherinus 103Ctenotus piankai 103Ctenotus, Pin-striped 103Ctenotus quattuordecimlineatus 103Ctenotus regius 103Ctenotus robustus 103Ctenotus, Saltbush 103Ctenotus, Sandhill 103Ctenotus, Sandplain 103Ctenotus saxatilis 103Ctenotus schomburgkii 103Ctenotus septenarius 103Ctenotus, Short-legged 103Ctenotus, Southern Spinifex 103Ctenotus, Spotted 103Ctenotus strauchii 103Ctenotus orientalis 103Cuckoo, Black-eared 49Cuckoo, Brush 49Cuckoo, Channel-billed 49Cuckoo, Fan-tailed 49Cuckoo, OrientalCuckoo, Pallid 49Cuckoo-shrike, Black-faced 80

Cuckoo-shrike, Ground 80Cuckoo-shrike, White-bellied 80Cuculus pallidus 49Cuculus saturatus 49Curlew, Eastern 45Curlew, Little 45Currawong, Grey 80Cyclodomorphus melanops 103Cyclodomorphus venustus 103Cyclorana cultripes 125Cyclorana maini 125Cyclorana platycephala 125Cygnus atratus 41Cyprinus carpio 133Dacelo novaeguineae 50Daphoenositta chrysoptera 80Daption capense 41Darter 43Dasycercus byrnei 16Dasycercus cristicauda 16Dasyornis broadbenti 78Dasyuroides byrnei = Dasycercusbyrnei 16Dasyurus geoffroii 16Dasyurus maculatus 16Dasyurus viverrinus 16Death Adder, Common 105Death Adder, Desert 105Deer, Fallow 22Deer, Red 22Delma australis 102Delma borea 102Delma butleri 102Delma fraseri 102Delma haroldi = Delma butleri 102Delma impar 102Delma inornata 102Delma molleri 102Delma nasuta 103Delma tincta 103Delphinus delphis 21Demansia psammophis 105Demansia reticulata 105Demansia sp. ‘Channel CountryWhipsnake’ 105Dendrocygna eytoni 40Dermochelys coriacea 101Devil, Thorny 102Dicaeum hirundinaceum 82Dicrurus bracteatus 80Dicrurus megarhynchus see Dicrurusbracteatus 80Diomedea bulleri 42Diomedea cauta 42Diomedea chlorohynchos 42Diomedea chrysostoma 42Diomedea epomophora 42Diomedea exulans 42Diomedea fusca 42Diomedea melanophris 42Diomedea palpebrata 42Dingo 20Diplodactylus byrnei 102Diplodactylus ciliaris = Strophurusciliaris 102Diplodactylus conspicillatus 102Diplodactylus damaeus 102Diplodactylus elderi = Strophuruselderi 102

Diplodactylus galeatus 102Diplodactylus granariensis 102Diplodactylus intermedius =Strophurus intermedius 102Diplodactylus pulcher 102Diplodactylus steindachneri 102Diplodactylus stenodactylus 102Diplodactylus tesselatus 102Diplodactylus vittatus 102Diporiphora linga 101Diporiphora winneckei 101Diving-Petrel, Common 42Diving-Petrel, South Georgian 42Dog 20Dollarbird 50Dolphin, Bottlenose 21Dolphin, Common 21Dolphin, Dusky 21Dolphin, Risso’s 21Donkey 22Donkey, Feral = Donkey 22Dotterel, Black-fronted 47Dotterel, Double-banded = Double-banded Plover 46Dotterel, Hooded = Hooded Plover47Dotterel, Inland 46Dotterel, Mongolian = Lesser SandPlover 46Dotterel, Oriental = Oriental Plover47Dotterel, Red-capped = Red-cappedPlover 46Dotterel, Red-kneed 46Dove, Barbary = Ringed Turtle-Dove 48Dove, Diamond 47Dove, Peaceful 48Dove, Rock 47Dragon, Black-collared 101Dragon, Canegrass 101Dragon, Central Bearded 102Dragon, Central Netted 101Dragon, Centralian Earless 102Dragon, Claypan 101Dragon, Crested 101Dragon, Dwarf Bearded 101Dragon, Eastern Bearded 101Dragon, Eastern Water 101Dragon, Eyrean Earless 102Dragon, Five-lined Earless 102Dragon, Gibber 101Dragon, Gilbert’s 101Dragon, Lake Eyre 101Dragon, Linga 101Dragon, Long-nosed 101Dragon, Losenge-marked deletedDragon, Mallee 101Dragon, McKenzie’s 101Dragon, Military 101Dragon, Nobbi 101Dragon, Nullarbor Bearded 102Dragon, Nullarbor Earless 102Dragon, Ochre 101Dragon, Painted 101Dragon, Pebble 102Dragon, Prickly 102Dragon, Peninsula 101Dragon, Red-barred 101

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Dragon, Rusty 101Dragon, Smooth-snouted Earless102Dragon, Spotted 101Dragon, Tawny 101Dragon, Western Netted 101Dromaius baudinianus 40Dromaius novaehollandiae 40Dromedary = One-humped Camel22Drongo, Spangled 80Drymodes brunneopygia 79Drysdalia coronoides 105Drysdalia mastersii 105Dtella, Central Rock 102Dtella, Purple 102Dtella, Southern Rock 102Dtella, Tree 102Duck, Australian Wood 41Duck, Black = Pacific Black Duck41Duck, Blue-billed 40Duck, Burdekin = Radjah Shelduck41Duck, Freckled 40Duck, Maned = Australian WoodDuck 41Duck, Mountain = AustralianShelduck 41Duck, Musk 40Duck, Pacific Black 41Duck, Pink-eared 41Duck, White-eyed 41Dugite 105Dunnart, Common 17Dunnart, Fat-tailed 17Dunnart, Hairy-footed 17Dunnart, Kangaroo Island 17Dunnart, Lesser Hairy-footed 17Dunnart, Little Long-tailed 17Dunnart, Ooldea 17Dunnart, Sandhill 17Dunnart, Sooty = Kangaroo IslandDunnart 17Dunnart, Stripe-faced 17Eagle, Little 44Eagle, Wedge-tailed 44Echidna, Short-beaked 16Echiopsis curta 105Eel, Short-finned 132Egernia carinata = Egernia richardi103Egernia coventryi 103Egernia cunninghami 103Egernia inornata 103Egernia kintorei 103Egernia margaretae 103Egernia multiscutata 103Egernia richardi 103Egernia slateri 103Egernia stokesii 103Egernia striata 103Egernia striolata 103Egernia whitii 103Egret, Cattle 43Egret, Great 43Egret, Intermediate 43Egret, Little 43

Egret, Plumed = IntermediateEgret 43Egret, White = Great Egret 43Egretta garzetta 43Egretta novaehollandiae 43Egretta sacra 43Elanus axillaris 44Elanus caeruleus see Elanusaxillaris 44Elanus scriptus 44Elseyornis melanops 47Emblema bellum = Stagonopleurabella 82Emblema guttatum = Stagonopleuraguttata 82Emblema pictum 82Emu 40Emu, Kangaroo Island 40Emu-wren, Mallee 77Emu-wren, Rufous-crowned 77Emu-wren, Southern 77Emydura macquarii 101Entomyzon cyanotis 78Eolophus roseicapillus = Cacatuaroseicapilla 48Eopsaltria australis 79Eopsaltria griseogularis 79Eptesicus baverstocki = Vespadelusbaverstocki 20Eptesicus darlingtoni = Vespadelusdarlingtoni 20Eptesicus finlaysoni = Vespadelusfinlaysoni 20Eptesicus vulturnus = Vespadelusvulturnus 20Epthianura albifrons 79Epthianura aurifrons 79Epthianura crocea 79Epthianura tricolor 79Equus assinus 22Equus caballus 22Eremiornis carteri 82Eremiascincus fasciolatus 103Eremiascincus richardsonii 103Erythrogonys cinctus 47Eubalaena australis 21Eudyptes chrysocome 41Eudyptes chrysolophus 41Eudyptes pachyrynchus 41Eudyptes robustus 41Eudyptes sclateri 41Eudyptula minor 41Eulamprus heatwolei 103Eulamprus quoyi 103Eulamprus tympanum 103Euplectes orix 83Euro 18Eurostopodus argus 49Eurystomus orientalis 50Fairy-wren, Blue-breasted 77Fairy-wren, Splendid 77Fairy-wren, Superb 77Fairy-wren, Variegated 77Fairy-wren, White-winged 77Falco berigora 44Falco cenchroides 44Falco hypoleucos 44Falco longipennis 44Falco peregrinus 44

Falco subniger 44Falcon, Black 44Falcon, Brown 44Falcon, Grey 44Falcon, Little = Australian Hobby44Falcon, Peregrine 44Falcunculus frontatus 80Falsistrelle, Eastern 20Falsistrellus tasmaniensis 20Fantail, Grey 80Fantail, Rufous 80Favonigobius tamarensis 133Felis catus 20Field-rat, Pale 23Fieldwren, Eastern = StriatedFieldwren 78Fieldwren, Rufous 78Fieldwren, Striated 78Fieldwren, Western = RufousFieldwren 78Finch, Painted 82Finch, Red-browed 82Finch, Zebra 82Firetail, Beautiful 82Firetail, Diamond 82Fish, Crimson-spotted Rainbow132Fish, Desert Rainbow 132Flycatcher, Leaden 80Flycatcher, Restless 80Flycatcher, Satin 80Flying-fox, Grey-headed 19Flying-fox, Little Red 19Fox 20Fox, Red = Fox 20Freetail-bat, White-striped 19Freetail-bat, Southern 19Fregetta tropica 42Friarbird, Little 79Friarbird, Noisy 79Frog, Broad-palmed 125Frog, Brown Tree 125Frog, Bull 125Frog, Burrowing 125Frog, Golden Bell 125Frog, Green Tree 125Frog, Knife-footed 125Frog, Long-thumbed 125Frog, Main’s 125Frog, Painted 125Frog, Peron’s Tree 125Frog, Red Tree 125Frog, Shoemaker 125Frog, Smooth 125Frog, Spotted Grass 125Frog, Striped Marsh 125Frog, Sudell’s 125Frog, Trilling 125Frog, Water-holding 125Froglet, Common 125Froglet, Desert 125Froglet, Eastern Sign Bearing 125Froglet, Streambank 125Frogmouth, Tawny 49Fulica atra 44Fulmar, Southern 41Fulmarus glacialoides 41Furina diadema 105

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Furina ornata 105Fur-seal, Australian 20Fur-seal, New Zealand 20Fur-seal, Subantarctic 20Gadopsis marmoratus 133Galah 48Galaxias brevipinnis 134Galaxias, Climbing 134Galaxias, Common = CommonJollytail 134Galaxias, Dwarf 134Galaxias maculatus 134Galaxias, Mountain 134Galaxias olidus 134Galaxias rostratus 134Galaxiella pusilla 134Gallinago hardwickii 45Gallinula mortierii 44Gallinula tenebrosa 45Gallinula ventralis 45Gallirallus philippensis 45Gambusia, Eastern 132Gambusia holbrooki 132Gannet, Australasian 43Garganey 41Gecko, Barking 102Gecko, Beaded 102Gecko, Beaked 102Gecko, Bynoe’s 102Gecko, Clawless 102Gecko, Eastern Spiny-tailed 102Gecko, Eastern Stone 102Gecko, Fat-tailed 102Gecko, Jewelled 102Gecko, Map 102Gecko, Marbled 102Gecko, Marbled Velvet 102Gecko, Mesa 102Gecko, Northern Spiny-tailed 102Gecko, Pale Knob-tailed 102Gecko, Patchwork 102Gecko, Pernatty Knob-tailed 102Gecko, Pink-blotched 102Gecko, Sandplain 102Gecko, Smooth Knob-tailed 102Gecko, Southern Spiny-tailed 102Gecko, Starred Knob-tailed 102Gecko, Tessellated 102Gecko, Thorn-tailed 102Gecko, Western Stone 102Gehyra montium 102Gehyra purpurascens 102Gehyra ‘2n=44’ 102Gehyra variegata 102Gelochelidon nilotica = Sternanilotica 47Geocrinia laevis 125Geopelia cuneata 47Geopelia placida 48Geophaps plumifera 48Geopsittacus occidentalis =Pezoporus occidentalis 48Geotria australis 132Gerygone fusca 78Gerygone olivacea 78Gerygone, Western 78Gerygone, White-throated 78Giant-Petrel, Northern 41Giant-Petrel, Southern 42

Gibberbird 79Glareola maldivarum 47Gliciphila melanops 78Glider, Feathertail 19Glider, Squirrel 19Glider, Sugar 19Glider, Yellow-bellied 19Globicephala macrorhynchus 21Globicephala melas 21Glossopsitta concinna 48Glossopsitta porphyrocephala 48Glossopsitta pusilla 48Goanna, Black-headed 104Goanna, Desert Pygmy 104Goanna, Heath 104Goanna, Tree 104Goanna, Pygmy Mulga 104Goanna, Sand 104Goanna, Short-tailed Pygmy 104Goat 22Goat, Feral = Goat 22Goby, Dalhousie 133Goby, Desert 133Goby, Swan River 133Goby, Tamar River 133Godwit, Bar-tailed 45Godwit, Black-tailed 45Godwit, Hudsonian 45Goldfinch, European 83Goldfish 133Goose, Magpie 40Goose, Cape Barren 41Goshawk, Brown 44Goshawk, Grey 44Goshawk, White = Grey Goshawk44Grallina cyanoleuca 80Grampus griseus 21Grantiella picta 78Grassbird, Little 82Grasswren, Dusky 77Grasswren, Eyrean 77Grasswren, Grey 77Grasswren, Short-tailed 77Grasswren, Striated 77Grasswren, Thick-billed 77Grayling, Australian 134Grebe, Australasian 41Grebe, Great Crested 41Grebe, Hoary-headed 41Grebe, Little = Australasian Grebe41Greenfinch, European 83Greenshank, Common 45Grunter, Barcoo 134Grunter, Barred 134Grunter, Black-striped = BarredGrunter 134Grunter, Spangled = Spangled Perch134Grunter, Welch’s 134Grus rubicunda 44Gudgeon, Big-headed 133Gudgeon, Flathead = Big-headedGudgeon 133Gudgeon, Dalhousie Purple-spotted133Gudgeon, Dwarf Flathead 133

Gudgeon, Flinders Ranges Purple-spotted 133Gudgeon, Lakes Carp 133Gudgeon, Midgley’s Carp 133Gudgeon, Northern Trout 133Gudgeon, Northern Chequered orPurple-spotted = Northern TroutGudgeon 133Gudgeon, Purple-spotted 133Gudgeon, Southern Chequered orTrout = Purple-spotted Gudgeon133Gudgeon, Western Carp 133Gull, Dominican = Kelp Gull 47Gull, Franklin’s 47Gull, Kelp 47Gull, Pacific 47Gull, Sabine’s 47Gull, Silver 47Gymnorhina tibicen 80Haematopus fuliginosus 46Haematopus longirostris 46Haematopus ostralegus seeHaematopus longirostris 46Halcyon pyrrhopygia = Todiramphuspyrrhopygia 50Halcyon sancta = Todiramphussanctus 50Haliaeetus leucogaster 44Haliastur sphenurus 44Halobaena caerulea 41Hamirostra melanosternon 44Hare, Brown 23Hare, European = Brown Hare 23Hare-wallaby, Rufous 18Hare-wallaby, Eastern 18Hardhead 41Hardyhead, Dalhousie 132Hardyhead, Fly-specked 132Hardyhead, Glover’s 132Hardyhead, Lake Eyre 132Hardyhead, Mitchellian = Fly-specked Hardyhead 132Hardyhead, Murray 132Hardyhead, Smallmouth 132Harrier, Marsh = Swamp Harrier44Harrier, Spotted 44Harrier, Swamp 44Hemiergis decresiensis 104Hemiergis initialis 104Hemiergis millewae 104Hemiergis peronii 104Heron, Nankeen Night 43Heron, Pacific = White-neckedHeron 43Heron, Pied 43Heron, Reef = Eastern Reef Egret43Heron, Rufous Night = NankeenNight Heron 43Heron, White-faced 43Heron, White-necked 43Heteronotia binoei 102Heteronotia planiceps deletedHeteroscelus brevipes 45Hieraaetus morphnoides 44Himantopus himantopus 46

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Himantopus leucocephalus seeHimantopus himantopus 46Hirundapus caudacutus 50Hirundo ariel = Petrochelidon ariel81Hirundo neoxena 81Hirundo nigricans = Pterochelidonnigricans 81Hirundo rustica 81Hobby, Australian 44Honeyeater, Black 78Honeyeater, Black-chinned 79Honeyeater, Blue-faced 78Honeyeater, Brown 79Honeyeater, Brown-headed 79Honeyeater, Crescent 79Honeyeater, Fuscous 78Honeyeater, Grey 78Honeyeater, Grey-fronted 79Honeyeater, Grey-headed 78Honeyeater, New Holland 79Honeyeater, Painted 78Honeyeater, Pied 78Honeyeater, Purple-gaped 78Honeyeater, Regent 79Honeyeater, Singing 79Honeyeater, Spiny-cheeked 78Honeyeater, Striped 79Honeyeater, Tawny-crowned 78Honeyeater, White-eared 78Honeyeater, White fronted 78Honeyeater, White-naped 79Honeyeater, White-plumed 78Honeyeater, Yellow-faced 78Honeyeater, Yellow-fronted = Grey-fronted Honeyeater 79Honeyeater, Yellow-plumed 78Honeyeater, Yellow-tufted 78Hoplopterus miles = Vanellus miles47Hoplopterus tricolor = Vanellustricolor 47Hopping-mouse, Dusky 23Hopping-mouse, Fawn 23Hopping-mouse, Long-tailed 23Hopping-mouse, Mitchell’s 23Hopping-mouse, Short-tailed 23Hopping-mouse, Spinifex 23Horse 22Hydromys chrysogaster 23Hydroprogne caspia = Sterna caspia47Hydrurga leptonyx 21Hylacola cauta = Calamanthuscautus 78Hylacola pyrrhopygia =Calamanthus pyrrhopygius 78Hylacola, Chestnut-rumped =Chestnut-rumped Heathwren 78Hylacola, Shy = Shy Heathwren 78Hyperoodon planifrons 22Hypseleotris klunzingeri 133Hypseleotris sp A 133Hypseleotris sp B 133Ibis, Australian White 44Ibis, Glossy 44Ibis, Sacred = Australian WhiteIbis 44Ibis, Straw-necked 44

Isoodon auratus 17Isoodon obesulus 17Itjari itjari = Marsupial Mole 17Ixobrychus minutus 43Jacky Winter 79Jaeger, Arctic 47Jaeger, Long-tailed 47Jaeger, Pomarine 47Jollytail, Common 134Jollytail, Murray 134Kangaroo, Western Grey 18Kangaroo, Eastern Grey 18Kangaroo, Red 18Kestrel, Australian = NankeenKestrel 44Kestrel, Nankeen 44Kingfisher, Azure 50Kingfisher, Red-backed 50Kingfisher, Sacred 50Kite, Black 44Kite, Black-shouldered 44Kite, Letter-winged 44Kite, Square-tailed 44Kite, Whistling 44Knot, Great 46Knot, Red 46Koala 17Kogia breviceps 22Kogia sima 22Kogia simus = Kogia sima 22Kookaburra, Laughing 50Kowari 16Kultarr 17Lagenorhynchus obscurus 21Lagorchestes hirsutus 18Lagorchestes leporides 18Lalage sueurii see Lalage tricolor81Lalage tricolor 81Lamprey, Pouched 132Lamprey, Short-headed 132Lampropholis delicata 104Lampropholis guichenoti 104Landrail, Banded = Buff-bandedrail 45Lapwing, Banded 47Lapwing, Masked 47Larus dominicanus 47Larus novaehollandiae 47Larus pacificus 47Larus pipixcan 47Larus sabini 47Lasiorhinus latifrons 18Lathamus discolor 48Leggadina forresti 23Leiopotherapon unicolor 134Leiolopisma baudini = Pseudemoiabaudini 104Leiolopisma duperreyi = Bassianaduperreyi 104Leiolopisma entrecasteauxii =Pseudemoia entrecasteauxii 104Leiolopisma rawlinsoni =Pseudemoia rawlinsoni 104Leiolopisma trilineatum = Bassianatrilineata 103Leipoa ocellata 40Leporillus apicalis 23Leporillus conditor 23

Leptonychotes weddellii 21Lepus capensis 23Lerista aericeps = Lerista xanthura104Lerista arenicola 104Lerista baynesi 104Lerista bipes 104Lerista bougainvillii 104Lerista desertorum 104Lerista distinguenda 104Lerista dorsalis 104Lerista edwardsae 104Lerista elongaata 104Lerista labialis 104Lerista microtis 104Lerista muelleri 104Lerista punctatovittata 104Lerista speciosa 104Lerista taeniata 104Lerista terdigitata 104Lerista xanthura 104Leucocarbo fuscescens =Phalacrocorax fuscescens 43Lialis burtonis 103Liasis stimsoni = Antaresia stimsoni105Lichenostomus chrysops 78Lichenostomus cratitius 78Lichenostomus fuscus 78Lichenostomus keartlandi 78Lichenostomus leucotis 78Lichenostomus melanops 78Lichenostomus ornatus 78Lichenostomus penicillatus 78Lichenostomus plumulus 78Lichenostomus virescens 78Lichmera indistincta 79Limicola falcinellus 46Limnodynastes dumerili 125Limnodynastes fletcheri 125Limnodynastes peroni 125Limnodynastes spenceri 125Limnodynastes tasmaniensis 125Limosa haemastica 45Limosa lapponica 45Limosa limosa 45Litoria caerulea 125Litoria ewingi 125Litoria latopalmata 125Litoria peroni 125Litoria raniformis 125Litoria rubella 125Lizard, Bronzeback Legless 103Lizard, Burton’s Legless 103Lizard, Jacky 101Lizard, Sleepy 104Lobodon carcinophagus 21Lonchura punctulata 83Lophoictinia isura 44Lorikeet, Little 48Lorikeet, Musk 48Lorikeet, Purple-crowned 48Lorikeet, Rainbow 49Lovebird, Peach-faced 83Lugensa brevirostris 41Maccullochella macquariensis 133Maccullochella peeli 133Macquaria ambigua 134Macquaria australasica 134

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Macquaria colonorum 134Macquaria sp. A 134Macroderma gigas 19Macronectes giganteus 42Macronectes halli 42Macropus eugenii 18Macropus fuliginosus 18Macropus giganteus 18Macropus greyi 18Macropus robustus 18Macropus rufogriseus 18Macropus rufus 18Macrotis lagotis 17Macrotis leucura 17Magpie, Australian 80Magpie-lark 80Mala = Rufous Hare-wallaby 18Mallard 41Malacorhynchys membranaceus 41Malleefowl 40Malurus cyaneus 77Malurus lamberti 77Malurus leucopterus 77Malurus pulcherrimus 77Malurus splendens 77Mannikin, Nutmeg 83Manorina flavigula 79Manorina melanocephala 79Manorina melanotis now part ofManorina flavigula 79Martin, Fairy 81Martin, Tree 81Megalurus gramineus 82Megaptera novaeangliae 21Melanodryas cucullata 79Melanotaenia fluviatilis 132Melanotaenia splendida 132Meliphaga chrysops =Lichenostomus chrysops 78Meliphaga cratitia = Lichenostomuscratitius 78Meliphaga fusca = Lichenostomusfuscus 78Meliphaga keartlandi =Lichenostomus keartlandi 78Meliphaga leucotis = Lichenostomusleucotis 78Meliphaga melanops =Lichenostomus melanops 78Meliphaga ornata = Lichenostomusornatus 78Meliphaga penicillata =Lichenostomus penicillatus 78Meliphaga plumula = Lichenostomusplumulus 78Meliphaga virescens =Lichenostomus virescens 78Melithreptus brevirostris 79Melithreptus gularis 79Melithreptus laetior now part ofMelithreptus gularis 79Melithreptus lunatus 79Melopsitticus undulatus 48Menetia greyii 104Merops ornatus 50Mesoplodon bowdoini 22Mesoplodon grayi 22Mesoplodon hectori 22Mesoplodon layardii 22

Microeca fascinans 79Microeca leucophaea now Microecafascinans 79Milvus migrans 44Miner, Black-eared see Yellow-throated Miner 79Miner, Yellow-throated 79Miner, Noisy 79Miniopterus schreibersii 20Mirafra javanica 82Mirounga leonina 21Mistletoebird 82Mogurnda adspersa 133Mogurnda mogurnda 133Mogurnda clivicola 133Mogurnda sp. 3 = Mogurndaclivicola 133Mogurnda thermophila 133Mole, Marsupial 17Moloch horridus 101Monarch, Black-faced 80Monarcha melanopsis 80Mordacia mordax 132Morelia spilota 105Morethia adelaidensis 104Morethia boulengeri 104Morethia butleri 104Morethia obscura 104Morethia ruficauda 104Mormopterus planiceps seeMormopterus spp. 19Mormopterus spp. 19Morus serrator 43Motacilla cinerea 82Motacilla citreola 82Motacilla flava 82Mouse, Bolam’s 23Mouse, Brown Desert = DesertMouse 23Mouse, Desert 23Mouse, Forrest’s 23Mouse, Gould’s 23Mouse, House 23Mouse, Plains 23Mouse, Sandy Inland 23Mouse, Shark Bay 23Mouse, Silky 23Mulgara 16Mus domesticus = Mus musculus 23Mus musculus 23Muttonbird = Short-tailedShearwater 42Myiagra cyanoleuca 80Myiagra inquieta 80Myiagra rubecula 80Mynah, Common 83Mynah, Indian = Common Mynah83Myotis adversus macropus = Myotismacropus 20Myotis macropus 20Myotis, Southern 20Nannoperca australis 133Nannoperca obscura 133Nannoperca variegata 133Needletail, White-throated 50Neelaps bimaculatus = Simoselapsbimaculatus 105Nematalosa erebi 132

Neobatrachus centralis 125Neobatrachus pictus 125Neobatrachus sudelli 125Neobatrachus sutor 125Neochmia temporalis 82Neophema bourkii = Neopsephotusbourkii 48Neophema chrysogaster 48Neophema chrysostoma 48Neophema elegans 48Neophema petrophila 48Neophema pulchella 48Neophema splendida 48Neopsephotus bourkii 48Neophoca cinerea 20Neosilurus argenteus = Porochilusargenteus 134Neosilurus hyrtlii 134Neosilurus gloveri 134Neosilurus sp. 3 = Neosilurus gloveri134Neosilurus sp. 4 = Neosiluroidescooperensis 134Neosiluroides cooperensis 134Nephrurus deleani 102Nephrurus laevissimus 102Nephrurus levis 102Nephrurus milii 102Nephrurus stellatus 102Nightjar, Spotted 49Ningaui ridei 16Ningaui, Southern 17Ningaui, Wongai 16Ningaui yvonneae 17Ninox connivens 49Ninox novaeseelandiae 49Ninox strenua 49Northiella haematogaster 48Notechis ater 105Notechis scutatus 104Notomys alexis 23Notomys amplus 23Notomys cervinus 23Notomys fuscus 23Notomys longicaudatus 23Notomys mitchellii 23Notoryctes typhlops 17Notoscincus ornatus 104Numbat 16Numenius madagascariensis 45Numenius minutus 45Numenius phaeopus 45Nycticorax caledonicus 43Nyctinomus australis = Tadaridaaustralis 19Nyctophilus geoffroyi 20Nyctophilus gouldi 20Nyctophilus timoriensis 20Nymphicus hollandicus 48Oceanites nereis 42Oceanites oceanicus 43Oceanodroma leucorhoa 43Ocyphaps lophotes 48Oedura marmorata 102Ommatophoca rossii 21Oncorhynchus mykiss 134Ophidiocephalus taeniatus 103Orcinus orca 21Oreoica gutturalis 80

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Oriole, Olive-backed 81Oriolus sagittatus 81Oryctolagus cuniculus 23Osprey 44Ostrich 40Ovis aries 22Owl, Barn 49Owl, Barking 49Owl, Boobook = Southern Boobook49Owl, Grass 49Owl, Masked 49Owl, Powerful 49Owlet-nightjar, Australian 50Oxyura australis 40Oxyuranus microlepidotus 105Oystercatcher, Pied 46Oystercatcher, Sooty 46Pachycephala inornata 80Pachycephala olivacea 80Pachycephala pectoralis 80Pachycephala rufiventris 80Pachycephala rufogularis 80Pachyptila belcheri 42Pachyptila desolata 42Pachyptila salvini 42Pachytila turtur 42Pachyptila vittata 42Pademelon, Tasmanian 18Pagodroma nivea 42Pandion haliaetus 44Pardalote, Red-browed 77Pardalote, Spotted 77Pardalote, Striated 77Pardalote, Yellow-rumped seeSpotted Pardalote 77Pardalotus punctatus 77Pardalotus rubricatus 77Pardalotus striatus 77Pardalotus xanthopyge now part ofPardalotus punctatus 77Parrot, Blue-winged 48Parrot, Bourke’s 48Parrot, Elegant 48Parrot, Ground 49Parrot, Mulga 49Parrot, Night 49Parrot, Orange-bellied 48Parrot, Princess 48Parrot, Red-rumped 49Parrot, Red-winged 48Parrot, Regent 48Parrot, Ring-necked = AustralianRingneck 48Parrot, Rock 48Parrot, Scarlet-chested 48Parrot, Swamp = Ground Parrot48Parrot, Swift 48Parrot, Turquoise 48Passer domesticus 82Pavo cristatus 40Peafowl, Blue = Indian Peafowl 40Peafowl, Indian 40Pedionomus torquatus 45Pelagodroma marina 43Pelican, Australian 43Pelecanoides georgicus 42Pelecanoides urinatrix 42

Pelecanus conspicillatus 43Peltohyas australis = Charadriusaustralis 46Penguin, Erect-crested 41Penguin, Fairy = Little Penguin 41Penguin, Fiordland 41Penguin, King 41Penguin, Little 41Penguin, Macaroni 41Penguin, Rockhopper 41Penguin, Royal see MacaroniPenguin 41Penguin, Snares 41Perameles bougainville 17Perameles eremiana 17Perameles gunnii 17Perca fluviatilis 134Perch, Barcoo = Barcoo Grunter134Perch, Estuary 134Perch, Ewen’s Pygmy 133Perch, Lake Eyre Golden 134Perch, Macquarie 134Perch, Redfin 134Perch, Silver 134Perch, Southern Pygmy 133Perch, Spangled 134Perch, Welch’s = Welch’s Grunter134Perch, Western Chanda = Agassiz’sPerchlet 133Perch, Variegated Pygmy = Ewen’sPygmy Perch 133Perchlet 133Perch, Yarra Pygmy 133Perchlet, Agassiz’s 133Perchlet, Mueller’s 133Perentie 104Petaurus australis 19Petaurus breviceps 19Petaurus norfolcensis 19Petrel, Antarctic 42Petrel, Blue 41Petrel, Cape 41Petrel, Great-winged 42Petrel, Gould’s 42Petrel, Grey 42Petrel, Kerguelen 41Petrel, Mottled 42Petrel, Snow 42Petrel, Soft-plumaged 42Petrel, White-chinned 42Petrel, White-headed 42Petrochelidon ariel 81Petrochelidion nigricans 81Petrogale lateralis 18Petrogale xanthopus 18Petroica goodenovii 79Petroica multicolor 79Petroica phoenicea 79Petroica rodinogaster 79Petroica rosea 79Pezoporus occidentalis 49Pezoporus wallicus 49Phaethon rubricauda 43Phalacrocorax carbo 43Phalacrocorax fuscescens 43Phalacrocorax melanoleucos 43Phalacrocorax sulcirosrtis 43

Phalacrocorax varius 43Phalarope, Grey 46Phalarope, Red-necked 46Phalaropus fulicaria 46Phalaropus lobatus 46Phaps chalcoptera 48Phaps elegans 48Phaps histrionica 48Phascogale, Brush-tailed 16Phascogale calura 16Phascogale, Red-tailed 16Phascogale tapoatafa 16Phascolarctos cinereus 17Phasianus colchicus 83Pheasant, Common 83Philemon citreogularis 79Philemon corniculatus 79Philomachus pugnax 46Philypnodon grandiceps 133Philypnodon sp 2 133Phoebetria fusca = Diomedea fusca42Phoebetria palpebrata = Diomedeapalpebrata 42Phocoena dioptrica 21Phylidonyris albifrons 79Phylidonyris novaehollandiae 79Phylidonyris pyrrhoptera 79Phyllodactylus marmoratus =Christinus marmoratus 102Physeter macrocephalus 21Physignathus lesueurii 101Pipistrelle, Eastern 20Pig 22Pig, Feral = Pig 22Pigeon, Crested 48Pigeon, Feral = Rock Dove 47Pigeon, Flock = Flock Bronzewing48Pigeon, Plumed = Spinifex Pigeon48Pigeon, Spinifex 48Pipit, Richard’s 82Plains-wanderer 45Planigale cf ingrami 17Planigale, Giles' 17Planigale gilesi 17Planigale, Long-tailed 17Planigale, Narrow-nosed 17Planigale, Paucident = Giles’Planigale 17Planigale tenuirostris 17Platalea flavipes 44Platalea regia 44Platycercus elegans 48Platycercus eximius 48Platypus 16Plectorhyncha lanceolata 79Plegadis falcinellus 44Plover, Banded = Banded Lapwing47Plover, Black-fronted = Black-fronted Dotterel 46Plover, Double-banded 46Plover, Greater Sand 46Plover, Grey 47Plover, Hooded 47Plover, Large Sand = Greater SandPlover 46

143

Plover, Lesser Golden = PacificPlover, Lesser Sand 46Golden Plover 47Plover, Little Ringed 46Plover, Ringed 46Plover, Oriental 47Plover, Pacific Golden 47Plover, Red-capped 46Plover, Spur-winged = MaskedLapwing 47Pluvialis fulva 47Pluvialis squatarola 47Podargus strigoides 49Podiceps cristatus 41Poephila guttata = Taeniopygiaguttata 82Pogona barbata 101Pogona minor 101Pogona nullarbor 102Pogona vitticeps 102Poliocephalus poliocephalus 41Polytelis alexandrae 48Polytelis anthopeplus 48Pomatostomus ruficeps 79Pomatostomus superciliosus 79Pomatostomus temporalis 79Porochilus argenteus 134Porphyrio porphyrio 45Porpoise, Spectacled 21Porzana fluminea 45Porzana pusilla 45Porzana tabuensis 45Possum, Common Brushtail 18Possum, Common Ringtail 18Potoroo, Long-nosed 18Potorous tridactylus 18Pratincole, Australian 47Pratincole, Oriental 47Prion, Antarctic 42Prion, Broad-billed 42Prion, Dove = Antarctic Prion 42Prion, Fairy 42Prion, Medium-billed = Salvin’sPrion 42Prion, Salvin’s 42Proablepharus kinghorni 104Proablepharus reginae 104Procellaria aequinoctialis 42Procellaria cinerea 42Prototroctes maraena 134Psephotus haematonotus 49Psephotus varius 49Pseudantechinus, Fat-tailed 16Pseudantechinus macdonnellensis16Pseudaphritis urvilli 133Pseudechis australis 105Pseudechis porphyriacus 105Pseudocheirus peregrinus 18Pseudogobius olorum 133Pseudemoia baudini 104Pseudemoia entrecasteauxii 104Pseudemoia pagenstecheri 104Pseudemoia rawlinsoni 104Pseudomys apodemoides 23Pseudomys australis 23Pseudomys bolami 23Pseudomys desertor 23Pseudomys fieldi 23

Pseudomys gouldii 23Pseudomys hermannsburgensis 23Pseudomys shortridgei 23Pseudonaja affinis 105Pseudonaja guttata 105Pseudonaja inframacula 105Pseudonaja modesta 105Pseudonaja nuchalis 105Pseudonaja textilis 105Pseudophryne bibroni 125Pseudophryne occidentalis 125Pseudophryne semimarmorata 125Pseudorca crassidens 21Psophodes cristatus 79Psophodes nigrogularis 80Psophodes occidentalis 80Pterodroma inexpectata 42Pterodroma lessonii 42Pterodroma leucoptera 42Pterodroma macroptera 42Pterodroma mollis 42Pteropodocys maxima = Coracinamaxima 81Pteropus poliocephalus 19Pteropus scapulatus 19Puffinus assimilis 42Puffinis carneipes 42Puffinus gavia 42Puffinus gravis 42Puffinus griseus 42Puffinus huttoni 42Puffinus pacificus 42Puffinus puffinus 42Puffinus tenuirostris 42Pycnonotus jocosus 83Pygmy-possum, Eastern 18Pygmy-possum, Little 18Pygmy-possum, Western 18Pygopus lepidopodus 103Pygopus nigriceps 103Pygopus schraderi 103Pyrrholemus brunneus 78Python, Carpet 105Python, Stimson’s 105Quail, Brown 40Quail. King 40Quail, Stubble 40Quail, Swamp = Brown Quail 40Quail-thrush, Chestnut 79Quail-thrush, Cinnamon 79Quail-thrush, Nullarbor seeCinnamon Quail-thrush 79Quail-thrush, Spotted 79Quoll, Spotted-tailed 16Quoll, Tiger 16Quoll, Western 16Rabbit 23Rabbit, European = Rabbit 23Rail, Buff-banded 45Rail, Lewin’s 45Rainbowbird = Rainbow bee-eater50Rallus pectoralis 45Ramphotyphlops australis 105Ramphotyphlops bituberculatus 105Ramphotyphlops broomi deletedRamphotyphlops endoterus 105Ramphotyphlops ligatus deletedRamphotyphlops pinguis deleted

Ramphotyphlops proximus deletedRamphotyphlops unguirostris deletedRat, Black 23Rat, Brown 23Rat, Bush 23Rat, Greater Stick-nest 23Rat, Heath 23Rat, Lesser Stick-nest 23Rat, Long-haired 23Rat, Norway = Brown Rat 23Rat, Plague = Long-haired Rat 23Rat, Plains 23Rat, Roof = Black Rat 23Rat, Sewer = Brown Rat 23Rat, Ship = Black Rat 23Rat, Swamp 23Rat, White-footed Tree 23Rat-kangaroo, Desert 18Rattus fuscipes 23Rattus lutreolus 23Rattus norvegicus 23Rattus tunneyi 23Rattus villosissimus 23Raven, Australian 81Raven, Forest 81Raven, Little 81Recurvirostra novaehollandiae 46Redshank, Common 45Redthroat 78Reed-Warbler, Australian 82Reed-Warbler, Clamorous =Australian Reed-Warbler 82Retropinna semoni 134Rhinoplocephalus flagellum = Sutaflagellum 105Rhinoplocephalus monachus = Sutamonachus 105Rhinoplocephalus nigriceps = Sutanigriceps 105Rhinoplocephalus spectabilis = Sutaspectabilis 105Rhipidura albiscapa 80Rhipidura fuliginosa now Rhipiduraalbiscapa 80Rhipidura leocophrys 80Rhipidura rufifrons 80Rhynchoedura ornata 102Robin, Eastern Yellow 79Robin, Flame 79Robin, Hooded 79Robin, Pink 79Robin, Red-capped 70Robin, Rose 79Robin, Scarlet 79Robin, Western Yellow 79Rock-wallaby, Black-footed 18Rock-wallaby, Yellow-footed 18Rosella, Adelaide = CrimsonRosella 48Rosella, Crimson 48Rosella, Eastern 48Rosella, Yellow = Crimson Rosella48Rostratula benghalensis 46Ruff 46Saccolaimus flaviventris 19Salmo trutta 134Salmo salar 134Salmon, Atlantic 134

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Salvelinus fontinalis 134Sanderling 46Sandpiper, Baird’s 46Sandpiper, Broad-billed 46Sandpiper, Buff-breasted 46Sandpiper, Common 45Sandpiper, Cox’s 46Sandpiper, Curlew 46Sandpiper, Marsh 45Sandpiper, Pectoral 46Sandpiper, Sharp-tailed 46Sandpiper, Terek 45Sandpiper, White-rumped 46Sandpiper, Wood 45Sandswimmer, Broad-banded 103Sandswimmer, Narrow-banded103Scaly-foot, Black-headed 103Scaly-foot, Common 103Scaly-foot, Hooded 103Scortum barcoo 134Scotorepens balstoni 20Scotorepens greyii 20Scrub-robin, Southern 79Scrubwren, Spotted see White-browed Scrubwren 78Scrubwren. White-browed 78Scythrops novaehollandiae 49Sea-eagle, White-bellied 44Sea-lion, Australian 20Seal, Crabeater 21Seal, Leopard 21Seal, Southern Elephant 21Seal, Ross 21Seal, Weddell 21Sericornis frontalis 78Sericornis maculatus now part ofSericornis frontalis 78Shag, Black-faced = Black-facedCormorant 43Shearwater, Fleshy-footed 42Shearwater, Fluttering 42Shearwater, Great 42Shearwater, Hutton’s 42Shearwater, Little 42Shearwater, Manx 42Shearwater, Short-tailed 42Shearwater, Sooty 42Shearwater, Wedge-tailed 42Sheep 22Sheep, Feral = Sheep 22Shelduck, Australian 41Shelduck, Radjah 41Shelduck, Ruddy 83Shoveler, Australasian 41Shoveler, Blue-winged =Australasian Shoveler 41Shoveler, Northern 41Shrike-thrush, Grey 80Shrike-tit, Crested 80Simoselaps anomalus 105Simoselaps australis 105Simoselaps bertholdi 105Simoselaps bimaculatus 105Simoselaps fasciolatus 105Simoselaps semifasciatus 105Silvereye 81Sittella, Varied 80Skink, Bight Coast 104

Skink, Blacksoil 104Skink, Black-striped Desert 103Skink, Blue-tailed 103Skink, Bougainville’s 104Skink, Bull 103Skink, Centralian Striped 103Skink, Cunningham’s 103Skink, Delicate 104Skink, Desert 103Skink, Desert Glossy 104Skink, Desert Wall 103Skink, Desert Rainbow 103Skink, Dwarf 104Skink, Garden 104Skink, Glossy Glass 104Skink, Gidgee 103Skink, Eastern Striped 103Skink, Eastern Three-lined 103Skink, Eastern Tree 103Skink, Eastern Water 103Skink, Fire-tailed 104Skink, Four-toed Earless 104Skink, Leopard 103Skink, Night 103Skink, Rock 103Skink, Rusty Earless 104Skink, Silvereye 104Skink, Southern Grass 104Skink, Southern Water 103Skink, Striped Wall 103Skink, Swamp 103Skink, Three-toed Earless 104Skink, Tussock 104Skink, Western Earless 104Skink, Western Three-lined 103Skink, Western tree 103Skink, Yellow-bellied Water 103Skink, White’s 103Skua, Arctic = Arctic Jaeger 47Skua, Brown = Great Skua 47Skua, Great 47Skua, Long-tailed = Long-tailedJaeger 47Skua, Pomarine = Pomarine Jaeger47Skua, South Polar 47Skua, Subantarctic = Great Skua47Skylark, Eurasian 82Slider, Beach 104Slider, Dwarf Four-toed 104Slider, Dwarf Three-toed 104Slider, Eastern Two-toed 104Slider, Great Desert 104Slider, Long-legged 104Slider, Musgrave 104Slider, Myall 104Slider, Ribbon 104Slider, Southern Four-toed 104Slider, Southern Three-toed 104Slider, Speckled 104Slider, Spotted 104Slider, Western Two-toed 104Slider, Woomera 104Slider, Yellow-tailed 104Smelt, Australian 134Smicrornis brevirostris 78Sminthopsis aitkeni 17Sminthopsis crassicaudata 17

Sminthopsis dolichura 17Sminthopsis hirtipes 17Sminthopsis macroura 17Sminthopsis murina 17Sminthopsis ooldea 17Sminthopsis psammophila 17Sminthopsis youngsoni 17Snake, Black Tiger 105Snake, Centralian Banded 105Snake, Centralian Blind 105Snake, Coral 105Snake, Curl 105Snake, Desert Banded 105Snake, Eastern Brown 105Snake, Eastern Tiger 105Snake, Five-ringed 105Snake, Half-girdled 105Snake, Hooded 105Snake, Little Whip 105Snake, Mallee Black-headed 105Snake, Masters’ 105Snake, Mitchell’s Short-tailed 105Snake, Moon 105Snake, Mulga 105Snake, Narrow-banded 105Snake, Peninsula Brown 105Snake, Red-bellied Black 105Snake, Red-naped 105Snake, Rough-nosed Blind 105Snake, Southern Blind 105Snake, Spotted Brown 105Snake, Western Black-naped 105Snake, Western Brown 105Snake, White-lipped 105Snake-eye, Adelaide 104Snake-eye, Butler’s 104Snake-eye Common 104Snake-eye Mallee 104Snake-lizard, Adelaide 102Snake-lizard, Barred 102Snake-lizard, Black-necked 102Snake-lizard, Centralian 102Snake-lizard, Fraser’s 102Snake-lizard, Northern 102Snake-lizard, Olive 102Snake-lizard, Spinifex 102Snake-lizard, Striped 102Snipe, Japanese 45Snipe, Latham’s 45Snipe, Painted 46Songlark, Brown 82Songlark, Rufous 83Sparrow, House 82Sparrowhawk, Collared 44Sphenomorphus quoyii = Eulamprusquoyii 103Sphenomorphus tympanum =Eulamprus tympanum 103Spinifexbird 82Spoonbill, Royal 44Spoonbill, Yellow-billed 44Stagonopleura bella 82Stagonopleura guttata 82Starling, Common 81Stercorarius longicaudus 47Stercorarius parasiticus 47Stercorarius pomarinus 47Sterna albifrons 47Sterna anaethetus 47

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Sterna bergii 47Sterna caspia 47Sterna fuscata 47Sterna hirundo 47Sterna nereis 47Sterna nilotica 47Sterna paradisaea 47Sterna striata 47Sterna vittata 47Stictonetta naevosa 40Stilt, Banded 46Stilt, Black-winged 46Stilt, White-headed = Black-wingedStilt 46Stiltia isabella 47Stint, Little 46Stint, Long-toed 46Stint, Red-necked 46Spinebill, Eastern 78Stipiturus malachurus 77Stipiturus mallee 77Stipiturus ruficeps 77Bush Stone-curlew 46Stone-curlew, Southern = BushStone-curlew 46Storm-Petrel, Black-bellied 42Storm-Petrel, Grey-backed 42Storm-Petrel, Leach’s 43Storm-Petrel, White-faced 43Storm-Petrel, Wilson’s 43Strophurus assimilis 102Strophurus ciliaris 102Strophurus elderi 102Strophurus intermedius 102Strophurus williamsi 102Strepera versicolor 80Streptopelia chinensis 48Streptopelia ‘risoria’ 48Struthidea cinerea 81Struthio camelus 40Sturnus vulgaris 81Sugomel niger = Certhionyx niger78Sus scroffa 22Suta flagellum 105Suta monachus 105Suta nigriceps 105Suta spectabilis 105Suta suta 105Swamphen, Purple 45Swallow, Barn 81Swallow, Welcome 81Swallow, White-backed 81Swan, Black 41Swift, Fork-tailed 50Swift, House 50Swift, Spine-tailed = White-throatedNeedletail 50Tachybaptus novaehollandiae 41Tachyglossus aculeatus 16Tadarida australis 19Tadorna ferruginea 83Tadorna radjah 41Tadorna tadornoides 41Taeniopygia guttata 82Taipan, Inland 105Tandan, Cooper Creek 134Tandan, Hyrtl’s 134Tandan, Silver 134

Tandanus tandanus 134Taphozous georgianus deletedTaphozous hilli 19Tasmacetus shepherdi 22Tattler, Grey-tailed 45Teal, Australasian Grey = Grey Teal41Teal, Chestnut 41Teal, Grey 41Tench 133Tern, Antarctic 47Tern, Arctic 47Tern, Bridled 47Tern, Caspian 47Tern, Common 47Tern, Crested 47Tern, Fairy 47Tern, Gull-billed 47Tern, Little 47Tern, Marsh = Whiskered Tern 47Tern, Sooty 47Tern, Whiskered 47Tern, White-fronted 47Tern, White-winged Black 47Thalasseus bergii = Sterna bergii 47Thalassoica antarctica 42Thick-knee, Bush = Bush Stone-curlew 46Thinornis rubricollis 46Thornbill, Brown 78Thornbill, Buff-rumped 78Thornbill, Chestnut-rumped 78Thornbill, Inland 78Thornbill, Little = Yellow Thornbill78Thornbill, Samphire = Slender-billed Thornbill 78Thornbill, Slaty-backed 78Thornbill, Slender-billed 78Thornbill, Striated 78Thornbill, Yellow 78Thornbill, Yellow-rumped 78Thorny Devil 102Threskiornis aethiopicus nowThreskiornis molucca 44Threskiornis molucca 44Threskiornis spinicollis 44Thrush, Bassian 81Thrush, Ground = Bassian Thrush81Thrush, Mountain = Bassian Thrush81Thrush, White’s = Bassian Thrush81Thylogale billardierii 18Tiliqua adelaidensis 104Tiliqua multifasciata 104Tiliqua nigrolutea 104Tiliqua occipitalis 104Tiliqua rugosa 104Tiliqua scincoides 104Tinca tinca 133Tjakura 103Toadlet, Brown 125Toadlet, Marbled 125Toadlet, Orange-crowned 125Toadlet, Small-headed 125Todiramphus pyrrhopygia 50Todiramphus sanctus 50

Tortoise, Broad-shelled 101Tortoise, Common Long-necked101Tortoise, Macquarie 101Treecreeper, Brown 77Treecreeper, Rufous 77Treecreeper, White-browed 77Treecreeper, White-throated 77Tree-dragon, Mallee 101Tree-rat, White-footed 23Trichoglossus haematodus 48Trichosurus vulpecula 18Triller, White-winged 81Tringa flavipes 45Tringa glareola 45Tringa nebularia 45Tringa stagnatilis 45Tringa totanus 45Tropicbird, Red-tailed 43Trout, Brook 134Trout, Brown 134Trout, Rainbow 134Tryngites subruficollis 46Turdus merula 81Turnix pyrrhothorax 45Turnix varia 45Turnix velox 45Turnstone, Ruddy 46Tursiops truncatus 21Turtle, Green 101Turtle, Leathery 101Turtle, Loggerhead 101Turtle-Dove, Ringed 48Turtle-Dove, Spotted 48Tympanocryptis adelaidensis 102Tympanocryptis centralis 102Tympanocryptis cephalus 102Tympanocryptis houstoni 102Tympanocryptis intima 102Tympanocryptis lineata 102Tympanocryptis tetraporophora 102Tyto alba 49Tyto capensis 49Tyto novaehollandiae 49Uperoleia capitulata 125Underwoodisaurus milii =Nephrurus milii 102Vanellus miles 47Vanellus tricolor 47Varanus brevicauda 104Varanus eremius 104Varanus giganteus 104Varanus gilleni 104Varanus gouldii 104Varanus rosenbergi 104Varanus tristis 104Varanus varius 104Vermicella annulata 105Vespadelus baverstocki 20Vespadelus darlingtoni 20Vespadelus finlaysoni 20Vespadelus regulus 20Vespadelus vulturnus 20Vombatus ursinus 18Vulpes vulpes 20Wagtail, Citrine 82Wagtail, Grey 82Wagtail, Willie 80Wagtail, Yellow 82

146

Wagtail, Yellow-headed = CitrineWagtail 82Warbler, Western = WesternGerygone 78Warbler, White-throated = White-throated Gerygone 78Water-rat 23Wallabia bicolor 18Wallaby, Crescent Nailtail 18Wallaby, Red-necked 18Wallaby, Swamp 18Wallaby, Tammar 18Wallaby, Toolache 18Wattlebird, Little 78Wattlebird, Red 78Wedgebill, Chiming 80Wedgebill, Chirruping 79Weebill 78Whale, Andrews’ Beaked Whale 22Whale, Arnoux’s Beaked 22Whale, Blue 21Whale, Bryde’s 21Whale, Cuvier’s Beaked 22Whale, Dwarf Sperm 22Whale, False Killer 21Whale, Fin 21Whale, Goosebeak = Cuvier’sBeaked Whale 22Whale, Gray’s Beaked 22Whale, Hector’s Beaked 22Whale, Humpback 21Whale, Killer 21Whale, Pygmy Right 21Whale, Pygmy Sperm 22Whale, Minke 21Whale, Sei 21Whale, Strap-toothed 22Whale, Long-finned Pilot 21Whale, Scamperdown = Gray’sBeaked Whale 22Whale, Shepherds’s Beaked 22Whale, Short-finned Pilot 21Whale, Southern Right 21Whale, Southern Bottlenose 22Whale, Sperm 21Whale, Tasman Beaked =Shepherd’s Beaked Whale 22Whimbrel 45Whimbrel, Little = Little Curlew 45Whipbird, Western 80Whipsnake, Channel Country 105Whipsnake, Desert 105Whipsnake, Yellow-faced 105Whistler, Gilbert’s 80Whistler, Golden 80Whistler, Olive 80Whistler, Red-lored 80Whistler, Rufous 80Whistling-Duck, Plumed 40Whiteface, Banded 78Whiteface, Chestnut-breasted 78Whiteface, Southern 78Wolf 20Woma 105Wombat, Common 18Wombat, Southern Hairy-nosed 18Woodswallow, Black-faced 80Woodswallow, Dusky 80Woodswallow, Little 80

Woodswallow, Masked 80Woodswallow, White-breasted 80Woodswallow, White-browed 80Worm-lizard, Flinders 102Worm-lizard, Lined 102Worm-lizard, Red-tailed 102Woylie = Brush-tailed Bettong 18Wren, Blue-breasted = Blue-breasted Fairy-wren 77Wren, Splendid = Splendid Fairy-wren 77Wren, Superb Blue = Superb Fairy-wren 77Wren, Variegated = VariegatedFairy-wren 77Wren, White-winged = White-winged Fairy-wren 77Xanthomyza phrygia 79Xenus cinereus 45Yellowbelly = Callop 134Yellowlegs, Lesser 45Ziphius cavirostris 22Zoothera lunulata 81Zosterops lateralis 81