A.A. James Madison James Madison defeats Charles defeats Charles Pinckney to Pinckney to become the become the fourth President fourth President of the US. He of the US. He was President was President Jefferson’s Jefferson’s Secretary of Secretary of State.State.

A.A. Since 1803, a war Since 1803, a war between France and between France and Great Britain Great Britain reopens old reopens old problems when the problems when the two countries start two countries start the seizure of US the seizure of US merchant ships and merchant ships and the impressment of the impressment of its crew into the its crew into the British Navy.British Navy.

B.B. The US under The US under Jefferson tried Jefferson tried Embargos, which Embargos, which prohibits trade with prohibits trade with another country.another country.

C.C. Unfortunately, it hurt Unfortunately, it hurt the US economy and the US economy and industry and was industry and was ineffective with ineffective with Great Britain or Great Britain or France.France.

A.A. Tecumseh and The Tecumseh and The Prophet, two Prophet, two brothers of the brothers of the Shawnee tribe Shawnee tribe helped to unite a helped to unite a Confederacy of Confederacy of Native Americans.Native Americans.

B.B. Tecumseh hoped to Tecumseh hoped to stop US settlers stop US settlers from taking any from taking any more of their land. more of their land.

C.C. Tecumseh was a Tecumseh was a commanding speaker commanding speaker that also possessed that also possessed impressive political impressive political skills.skills.

D.D. The Native The Native Americans began to Americans began to renew contacts with renew contacts with British agents and fur British agents and fur traders in Canada. traders in Canada.

1.1. In 1811 the In 1811 the Governor of the Governor of the Indiana Territory, Indiana Territory, General William General William Henry Harrison, Henry Harrison, decided to attack decided to attack the Tecumseh’s the Tecumseh’s brother’s village brother’s village known as known as Prophetstown. Prophetstown.

2.2. After two hours of After two hours of fighting, The fighting, The Prophet’s forces Prophet’s forces fled the area in fled the area in defeat.defeat.

3.3. It was a great It was a great patriotic victory for patriotic victory for the Americans.the Americans.

4.4. However, it However, it resulted in resulted in Tecumseh allying Tecumseh allying himself with British himself with British troops.troops.

A.A. War Hawks were War Hawks were young Republicans young Republicans from the South and from the South and West elected in West elected in 1810, that 1810, that demanded a more demanded a more aggressive policy aggressive policy against the British.against the British.

B.B. Two of the leaders Two of the leaders of the War Hawks of the War Hawks were Henry Clay were Henry Clay and John Calhoun.and John Calhoun.

C.C. Using patriotism and Using patriotism and nationalism, the war nationalism, the war hawks heightened hawks heightened war fever war fever throughout the throughout the nation.nation.

D.D. They hoped that war They hoped that war with Britain would with Britain would bring more bring more territorial gains in territorial gains in Canada and in Canada and in Spanish Florida.Spanish Florida.

E.E. Through Congress, Through Congress, the War Hawks the War Hawks quadrupled the size quadrupled the size of the US Army. of the US Army.

V. War is DeclaredV. War is DeclaredA.A. For the 1For the 1stst time the time the

United States United States declares war against declares war against Great Britain on June Great Britain on June 18, 1812.18, 1812.

B.B. It would not be a It would not be a quick war as the War quick war as the War Hawks expected. It Hawks expected. It lasted almost 3 lasted almost 3 years.years.

C.C. The battles began in July The battles began in July 1812 with American 1812 with American Generals Hull and Generals Hull and Harrison trying to take Harrison trying to take Canada, but would fail Canada, but would fail with the British in control with the British in control of Lake Erieof Lake Erie

D.D. Oliver Hazard Perry, Oliver Hazard Perry, commander of the Lake commander of the Lake Erie Naval Forces, was Erie Naval Forces, was ordered to seize control ordered to seize control of the lake from the of the lake from the British British

E.E. The Battle of Lake The Battle of Lake Erie happened on Erie happened on September 10, 1813.September 10, 1813.

F.F. The bloody battle The bloody battle ended in victory for ended in victory for the Americans.the Americans.

G.G. Perry sent this to Perry sent this to General Harrison: General Harrison: “We have met the “We have met the enemy and they are enemy and they are ours.”ours.”

VI. Victories for the USVI. Victories for the US

A.A. By the end of 1813, By the end of 1813, the US was winning the US was winning battles on sea and on battles on sea and on land.land.

B.B. In the Battle of the In the Battle of the Thames in October, Thames in October, Tecumseh was killed Tecumseh was killed marking the eventual marking the eventual defeat of the Native defeat of the Native American American confederacy confederacy

VII. British attack Washington VII. British attack Washington D.C.D.C.

A.A. On August 24, 1814, the On August 24, 1814, the British sailed up the British sailed up the Chesapeake Bay and Chesapeake Bay and attacked Washington D.C.attacked Washington D.C.

B.B. British soldiers burned British soldiers burned and destroyed everything and destroyed everything associated with the associated with the government.government.

C.C. The Capitol and the The Capitol and the President’s Mansion were President’s Mansion were among the buildings burnt among the buildings burnt down.down.

VIII. The Star-Spangled VIII. The Star-Spangled BannerBannerA.A. After attacking D.C., After attacking D.C.,

the British head to the British head to Baltimore where Baltimore where 13,000 US militiamen 13,000 US militiamen were awaiting them. were awaiting them.

B.B. The militiamen and The militiamen and the bombardment the bombardment from Fort McHenry from Fort McHenry allowed for the US to allowed for the US to claim victory.claim victory.

C.C. Francis Scott Key, Francis Scott Key, a young attorney, a young attorney, was moved by the was moved by the victory and wrote victory and wrote a poem that would a poem that would become our become our National Anthem: National Anthem: “The Star-“The Star-Spangled Banner.”Spangled Banner.”

IX. End of the WarIX. End of the WarA.A. British General Prevost British General Prevost

led 10,000 troops from led 10,000 troops from Canada into New York. Canada into New York.

B.B. Their goal was to Their goal was to capture Plattsburg capture Plattsburg along Lake Champlainalong Lake Champlain

C.C. The British would The British would retreat following the retreat following the American Naval force American Naval force defeating the British defeating the British fleet in September.fleet in September.

D.D. After the Battle of Lake After the Battle of Lake Champlain, the British Champlain, the British decided the war in decided the war in North America was too North America was too costly and unnecessary.costly and unnecessary.

E.E. The US and Great The US and Great Britain would sign the Britain would sign the Treaty of Ghent Treaty of Ghent (Belgium) in December (Belgium) in December of 1814 marking the of 1814 marking the end of the War of 1812.end of the War of 1812.

F.F. Word of the treaty being Word of the treaty being signed was late allowing for signed was late allowing for one final battle in New one final battle in New Orleans on January 8, 1815.Orleans on January 8, 1815.

G.G. The Americans won this The Americans won this short gruesome battle, short gruesome battle, killing hundreds of British killing hundreds of British soldiers.soldiers.

H.H. The Battle of New Orleans The Battle of New Orleans made Andrew Jackson a made Andrew Jackson a national hero and it national hero and it propelled him to the propelled him to the Presidency in 1828.Presidency in 1828.