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AGA KHAN DEVELOPMENT NETWORK
What is the AKDN?
The Aga Khan Development Network (AKDN) is a group of international, private, non-denominational development agencies and institutions that seek to empower communities and individuals, usually in disadvantaged circumstances, to improve living conditions and opportunities.
Unless they can be touched with the spark which ignites the spirit of individual enterprise and determination, they will only sink into apathy, degradation and despair. It is for us, who are more fortunate, to provide that spark.”
His Highness the Aga Khan
“There are those who enter the world in such poverty that they are deprived of both the means and the motivation to improve their lot.
About the AKDN’s Founder
Stone TownZanzibar, Tanzania
• His Highness the Aga Khan is the 49th hereditary Imam of the Shia Imami Ismaili Muslims and a direct descendant of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him);
• He has emphasised the view of Islam as a thinking, spiritual faith, one that teaches compassion and tolerance and that upholds the dignity of man, Allah's noblest creation;
• In recent generations, the Aga Khan’s family has followed a tradition of international service;
• Over the years the Aga Khan has received numerous decorations, honorary degrees, and awards in recognition of the various dimensions of his work
Core Theme: Education
Cross Cutting
Higher Education
Primary and Secondary
Pre-Primary
• Early childhood care and education programmes
• Manages pre-schools
• Human Development Programme
• Develops and operates
• Primary and secondary schools in rural and urban areas
• Centre of Excellence schools
• School Improvement Programmes (public, private, community)
• Professional Development Centres
• International Academic Partnership
• Institute for Educational Development
• Masters programme
• In-service teacher training
• Humanities Programme
• Policy reform
• Action research
• Curriculum development
Madrasa programmeKampala, Uganda
Sultan Mohammed Shah SchoolKarachi, Pakistan
AKU-Institute for Educational Development
Health
Cross Cutting
Higher Education
Service deliveryPrimary Care
• Community health care programmes
• Builds village-level capacity (CHNs TBAs, LHVs)
• Immunisation
• Health promotion
• Mobilisation
• Health education
• Develops and operates
• Basic health care centres in rural areas
• Secondary health care facilities
• Diagnostic centres
• Maternity homes
• Referral hospitals
• Medical education
• Nursing education
• Pre-service
• In-service
• Public health training
• Health sector reform
• Technical assistance to government systems
• Infectious diseases programmes
Lady Health VisitorKwale,Kenya
Aga Khan Hospital AKU-Faculty of Health Sciences
Rural Development
Rural savings and creditNorthern Areas, Pakistan
Farming practicesKwale, Kenya
Check-dam constructionGujarat, India
Agricultural inputsNorth Coast, Mozambique
Social mobilisationChitral, Pakistan
Bridge and irrigation channel constructionTajikistan
Housing
Construction of Professional Development Centre, Gilgit, Pakistan
Water supplyGujarat, India
SanitationZanzibar, Tanzania
NGO Enhancement
Indigenous Philanthropy
Building a knowledge base on civil society
Enabling Environment Initiative
Macro
Developing professional associations and networks
Strengthening civil society organisations
Development management education and leadership development
Micro
Economic Development
Zanzibar Serena Inn Zanzibar, Tanzania
Financial ServicesDevelopment Credit Bank, India
Fastoplast SABurkina Faso
Enterprise Support FacilityKhorog, Tajikistan
FrigokenKenya
Azito EnergieCôte d’Ivore
Architecture
Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architectureat Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Historic Cities Support ProgrammeKarimabad and Balit Project, Hunza, Pakistan
Geoffrey Bawa, Sri Lanka Recipient of the Chairman’s Award, 2001Aga Khan Award for Architecture, 8th Cycle
PublicationAga Khan Trust for Culture
ArchNet.org
Aga Khan Award for Architecture CeremonyEgypt
Culture
Aga Khan Music Initiative in Central AsiaSilk Road Project with Yo-Yo MaSmithsonian Folklife Festival 2002
Aga Khan Museum (under development)Toronto, Canada
Institute for Studies in Muslim CivilisationsLondon, UK
Pluralism
society as are poverty alleviation and conflict prevention. In fact all three are intimately related. ... The inability of human society to recognise pluralism as a fundamental value constitutes a real handicap for its development and a serious danger for our future.”
His Highness the Aga Khan
“My conviction is that the strengthening of institutions supporting pluralism is as critical for the welfare and progress of human
AKDN’s Geographic Presence: 31 Countries in 6 Regions
Europe and North America• Bosnia-Herzegovina• Canada• France• Portugal• Russian Federation• Spain• Switzerland• United Kingdom• United States of America
West Africa• Burkina Faso• Congo• Côte d’Ivoire• Mali• Niger• Senegal
Middle East• Egypt• Iran• Syria
Eastern Africa• Kenya• Madagascar• Mauritius• Mozambique• Tanzania• Uganda
South Asia• Bangladesh• India• Pakistan
Central Asia• Afghanistan• Kazakhstan • Kyrgyz Republic• Tajikistan
AKDN’s Organisational Structure: Foundations
University of Central Asia
Aga Khan University
THE IMAMAT
AGA KHAN DEVELOPMENT NETWORK
Economic Development CultureSocial Development
Aga KhanFoundation
Aga Khan Trust for Culture
Aga Khan Education Services
Aga KhanHealth Services
Aga KhanPlanning and
Building Services
Aga KhanAward for
Architecture
Historic Cities Support
Programme
Educationand Culture Programme
Aga Khan Fundfor EconomicDevelopment
TourismPromotionServices
IndustrialPromotionServices
FinancialServices
AGA KHAN FOUNDATION
• Seeks to develop and promote creative solutions to problems that impede social development, primarily in Asia and Eastern Africa;
• Focuses on rural development, education, health and enhancement of non-governmental organisations; and
• Has interest in cross-cutting issues of gender and human resource development.
• Founded in 1967. Has branches and independent affiliates in 14 countries.
Village OrganisationSost, Northern Areas, Pakistan
AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE
• Focuses on culture as a means to enhance the physical, social and economic revitalisation of communities in the Islamic world; and
• Aims to recognise excellence in architecture, conservation and creative re-use of historic buildings and public spaces and strengthen education of architectural practice.
• In addition to the Aga Khan Award for Architecture and the Museum Unit, conducts the Historic Cities Support Programme and Education and Culture Programme.
Al-Azhar Park Project and Conservation and Rehabilitation of Darb al-Ahzar,Cairo, Egypt
Universities
University of Central Asia
Aga Khan University
THE IMAMAT
AGA KHAN DEVELOPMENT NETWORK
Economic Development CultureSocial Development
Aga KhanFoundation
Aga Khan Trust for Culture
Aga Khan Education Services
Aga KhanHealth Services
Aga KhanPlanning and
Building Services
Aga KhanAward for
Architecture
Historic Cities Support
Programme
Educationand Culture Programme
Aga Khan Fundfor EconomicDevelopment
TourismPromotionServices
IndustrialPromotionServices
FinancialServices
• Aims to promote human welfare by disseminating knowledge and by providing instruction, training, research and services;
• Comprises the Faculty of Health Sciences (Medical College, School of Nursing, University Hospital), Institute for Educational Development, Institute for the Study of Muslim Civilisations. Under development are the Faculty of Arts and Sciences and Institute for Human Development;
• Maintains relationships with leading international universities; and
• Has campuses in Pakistan, East Africa and UK. Established in 1983. Has over 3,500 alumni.
Faculty of Health Sciences campusKarachi, Pakistan
AGA KHAN UNIVERSITY
• World’s first university dedicated to education and research in mountain regions and societies;
• Founded by treaty between Tajikistan, Kyrgyz Republic, Kazakhstan and Ismaili Imamat
• Located on three campuses Khorog, Tajikistan; Tekeli, Kazakhstan; and Naryn, Kyrgyz Republic;
• Will offer programmes in Mountain Development, Liberal Arts and Continuing Education and Training; and
• Will use state-of the-art distance learning technology and English as medium of instruction.
Campus locationKhorog, Tajikistan
UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL ASIA
Private, not-for-profit social service delivery agencies
University of Central Asia
Aga Khan University
THE IMAMAT
AGA KHAN DEVELOPMENT NETWORK
Economic Development CultureSocial Development
Aga KhanFoundation
Aga Khan Trust for Culture
Aga Khan Education Services
Aga KhanHealth Services
Aga KhanPlanning and
Building Services
Aga KhanAward for
Architecture
Historic Cities Support
Programme
Educationand Culture Programme
Aga Khan Fundfor EconomicDevelopment
TourismPromotionServices
IndustrialPromotionServices
FinancialServices
Aga Khan Education Services
• Operates over 300 schools across Eastern Africa, South and Central Asia, from pre-school to higher secondary levels.
• Enrols 55,000 students and employs 3,500 staff;
• Aims to diminish the many obstacles to educational access, quality and achievement; and
• Emphasis on excellence in educational practice and management, child-centred learning, female education, ethics and school-based teacher training.
Aga Khan SchoolKarachi, Pakistan
Aga Khan HospitalDar-es-Salaam, Tanzania
Aga Khan Health Services
• Operates 320 medical facilities in Eastern Africa, South and Central Asia, comprising primary health care centres in rural areas, dispensaries, diagnostic centres, maternity homes and referral hospitals;
• Provides technical support in the management of government health systems; and
• Cares for 1 million people annually and employs 3,900 staff.
• Major initiatives include assisting communities in manage their health, providing care in modern, efficient and cost-effective facilities and educating health professionals.
Water and Sanitation activitiesSangodra, India
Aga Khan Planning and Building Services
• Improves the built environment through design and construction, village planning, natural hazard mitigation, environmental sanitation and improved water supply systems;
• Provides material and technical assistance and construction management services for rural and urban areas; and
• Develops appropriate, low-cost ‘technologies’ for the built environment.
For-profit venture capital development agency
University of Central Asia
Aga Khan University
THE IMAMAT
AGA KHAN DEVELOPMENT NETWORK
Economic Development CultureSocial Development
Aga KhanFoundation
Aga Khan Trust for Culture
Aga Khan Education Services
Aga KhanHealth Services
Aga KhanPlanning and
Building Services
Aga KhanAward for
Architecture
Historic Cities Support
Programme
Educationand Culture Programme
Aga Khan Fundfor EconomicDevelopment
TourismPromotionServices
IndustrialPromotionServices
FinancialServices
• Strengthens the private sector in developing countries by promoting entrepreneurial activity and supporting private sector initiatives;
• Catalyses investment in developing or transitional economies;
• Constructs or rehabilitates infrastructure and builds economically viable enterprises;
• Operates over 100 companies in the hotel, banking, insurance, microfinance, property development, telecommunications, agro-processing, power, printing and textile industries; and
• Employs over 15,000 staff.
Aga Khan Fund for Economic Development
Sewing factoryEnterprise Support FacilityKhorog, Tajikistan
Defining characteristics: Grounded in Ethics
Inclusiveness
Education and Research
Compassion and Sharing
Self-reliance
Respect for life and healthcare
Sound mind
Sustainable environment
Governance
Works in difficult, often marginalised places
Post-conflictAfghanistan
Resource-poorSyria
Harsh climate and terrainTajikistan
Takes a long-term perspective
1989
1990
1999
Rural developmentGujarat, India
• Engages for the long term to ensure sustainability - in some areas for over 30 years;
• Moves communities from poverty to self-reliance;
• Has its own funding sources, reducing the impact of ‘peaks and valleys’ in donor funding; and
• Builds lasting institutions.
Protocols
His Highness with President Karzai, 2002Afghanistan
• Has agreements and protocols with over 20 countries and international bodies;
• Provides AKDN with• Fiscal privileges
• Ability to bring in world-class expertise
• Sustained relationships with host governments; and
• Demonstrates AKDN’s long-term commitment.
Area development approach
EXAMPLE: Northern Pakistan
AKU: PDC Gilgit
AKPBS: Water supply
AKF: Agriculture AKHS: Lady Health Visitor AKTC: Ganesh restoration
AKES: Sultanabad school
AKFED: Micro-credit
cannot be contemplated exclusively in economic terms, but rather as an integrated programme that encompasses social and cultural dimensions”
His Highness the Aga Khan
“Development is sustainable only if the beneficiaries become, in a gradual manner, the masters of the process. This means that initiatives
Broad range of capabilities
EUPEK School Improvement ProgrammeKampala, Uganda
• Privileged relationships with a broad range of partners
• Governments – policy dialogue• Donor agencies – funding and expertise• Technical experts – world-leading expertise • Field-level NGOs – operational experience• Communities – ownership;
• Scale (all numbers are for 2002)• Annual expenditure: US $825 million• Not-for-profit expenditure: US $235 million• Number of employees: 28,200;
• Developed deep expertise in specific fields• For example in high-mountain and coastal area development;
• Efficiency and effectiveness• Innovation• Systematic, cross-sector and cross-geography learning• Relentless focus on quality, evaluation and impact
assessment; and
• Can draw on a diverse set of institutions - to tackle a range of development challenges.
Grounded in a constituency
Partnership WalkHouston, USA
• Draws from the presence, locally and globally of the Ismaili community:
• Extensive voluntary support
• Leadership and governance
• Institutional infrastructure
• Local knowledge and access
• Financial support.
Key drivers
• Field-driven• Over 99 percent of AKDN’s staff is in the field;
• Community-based• Mobilises and engages communities to identify,
prioritise and implement development projects;
• Creates opportunities and not dependence• Provides an environment as well as support, for
communities to take control of their development; and
• Facilitates a slip-stream of investment• Pioneers development models that others can use
• Invests seed ‘development’ capital that is leveraged by other investments
• Leads work in ‘hard-to-reach’ areas, allowing others to join in the development process.
Community group constructing pre-school facilityZanzibar, Tanzania
Impact: Improved economic indicators…
AKRSP programme areaPassu, Northern Areas, Pakistan
1987
2000
“While the AKRSP (Aga Khan Rural Support Programme) is at the top end of a range of global and local comparators for operating costs per household, the estimated economic rate of return of at least 16 percent – probably closer to 25 to 30 percent if all benefits could be quantified and attributed – suggests the investment choices have been sound and the program has been highly efficient”
World Bank Operations and Evaluation Department, 2002
…and social indicators
Community health centreGujarat, India
Health case study: Gujarat Health Systems Development Programme
Indicator 1998 2002
Immunisation 49% 74%
Post-natal check-up 13% 57%
Antenatal registration 36% 70%
Incidence of anemia 46% 21%
Built local capacity and infrastructure
Bridge linking Afghanistan and Tajikistan, 2002Shugnan, Badakshan
• Strengthens local capacity through training, staff development, and replacing expatriate staff with locals;
• Strengthens existing and builds new local institutions;
• Enhances government capacity; and
• Creates infrastructure, for example:• Schools and hospitals
• Banks
• Roads, bridges and dams
• Power plants.
Policy reform
Health sectorGorno-Badakshan, Tajikistan
• Education – contributed to setting national policies and curricula in early childhood education, in Pakistan and East Africa
• Health – reformed the pharmaceutical regime in Gorno-Badakshan, Tajikistan
• NGO Enhancement – enacted legislation for private sector tax incentives, to enhance social sector giving – Pakistan, Kenya and Tanzania
• Rural development – policy changes in forestry and irrigation to enable sustainable development – India
Setting new standards
Nursing profession in PakistanAKU-School of Nursing
Setting standards in corporate citizenship, quality service and progressive employment practices.Nairobi Serena Hotel
Centre of Excellence schoolMombasa, Kenya
this region is the need to attack its true roots. These lie not in religion or in corruption, but rather in deprivation, poverty, exclusion and lack of opportunity – and therefore hope. ... We firmly believe that the disadvantaged amongst us must be able to build a sound and secure future with dignity and pride – and not merely to survive.”
His Highness the Aga Khan
“Poverty is a problem whose import is ignored at great peril. Perhaps, the greatest lesson of the tragedy of conflict that has recently engulfed