A Decade of Celebration ~ A Decade of Celebration ~ Centuries of DiscoveryCenturies of Discovery

Indiana has a rich and varied archaeological history, as well as a great history of archaeological investi-gations. The individuals who have conducted archaeological research, excavations and more have included a wide range of individuals. Professional archaeologists, avocational archaeologists, students, geologists, and many others have helped contribute to our knowledge about the past.

Join us as we examine some of the early discoveries of archaeology, and those who made them, in the Hoosier state!

Charles Alexander Charles Alexander Lesueur, a French Lesueur, a French naturalist and artist, naturalist and artist, conducted the first conducted the first archaeological archaeological investigations in our investigations in our state. state.

This image shows his This image shows his notes, in French from notes, in French from 1828, and his rendering 1828, and his rendering of prehistoric pottery at of prehistoric pottery at the important Bone Bank the important Bone Bank site in southern Indiana.site in southern Indiana.

Early publications sometimes included discussions about Early publications sometimes included discussions about archaeological sites and features. These descriptions archaeological sites and features. These descriptions and information are still important today. The images and information are still important today. The images

below are from the 1870s.below are from the 1870s.

Some early reports sometimes Some early reports sometimes included maps of earthwork included maps of earthwork complexes.complexes.

These can provide information These can provide information about the size and condition of about the size and condition of the sites in the late 1800s.the sites in the late 1800s.

This image This image shows one of shows one of the earliest the earliest excavation excavation efforts, in efforts, in 1896, at the 1896, at the Crib Mound Crib Mound site in site in southern southern Indiana.Indiana.

Early images Early images such as these such as these can allow us to can allow us to glimpse how glimpse how some sites some sites were were investigated in investigated in the late the late 1800s. 1800s.

Early archaeological studies provided us with much Early archaeological studies provided us with much information. Often included was information information. Often included was information

regarding collections of artifacts which private regarding collections of artifacts which private individuals had from the relevant county.individuals had from the relevant county.

In the early twentieth century, archaeological In the early twentieth century, archaeological investigations were being conducted at various investigations were being conducted at various locations around the state. This image shows locations around the state. This image shows Harry M. Stoops examining a mound site in Harry M. Stoops examining a mound site in

1928.1928.

Early investigations of mound Early investigations of mound and earthwork sites recorded and earthwork sites recorded much important information. much important information.

Photographs and site maps Photographs and site maps such as those shown (from such as those shown (from 1928) still provide 1928) still provide archaeologists with valuable archaeologists with valuable data today. data today.

Two of the early Two of the early pioneers of archaeology pioneers of archaeology in Indiana were Warren in Indiana were Warren K. Moorehead (left) and K. Moorehead (left) and E.Y. Guernsey.E.Y. Guernsey.

They are shown in 1931 They are shown in 1931 in southern Indiana in southern Indiana looking for looking for archaeological sites to archaeological sites to be investigated. be investigated.

Eli Lilly, famous founder of the Eli Lilly Pharmaceutical Eli Lilly, famous founder of the Eli Lilly Pharmaceutical Company, is shown taking a soil sample at the Angel Mounds Company, is shown taking a soil sample at the Angel Mounds

site (left), and looking over a site in 1936. Mr. Lilly was site (left), and looking over a site in 1936. Mr. Lilly was instrumental in saving Angel Mounds (now a State Historic Site instrumental in saving Angel Mounds (now a State Historic Site

and currently Indiana’s only archaeological National Historic and currently Indiana’s only archaeological National Historic Landmark). Landmark).

Mr. Lilly was keenly interested in archaeology, wrote important Mr. Lilly was keenly interested in archaeology, wrote important archaeological publications, and supported archaeological and archaeological publications, and supported archaeological and historic preservation projects for decades. His legacy to historic preservation projects for decades. His legacy to archaeology continues in many ways.archaeology continues in many ways.

Dr. James H. Kellar at an archaeological Dr. James H. Kellar at an archaeological investigation in the late 1940s. Dr. Kellar, later the investigation in the late 1940s. Dr. Kellar, later the

first Director of the Glenn A. Black Laboratory of first Director of the Glenn A. Black Laboratory of Archaeology at Indiana University, was involved in Archaeology at Indiana University, was involved in

many important archaeological projects.many important archaeological projects.

Glenn A. Black, for whom the archaeology Glenn A. Black, for whom the archaeology laboratory at Indiana University was named. Mr. laboratory at Indiana University was named. Mr. Black was a pioneering figure in Indiana Black was a pioneering figure in Indiana archaeology. He is shown in the field, and drafting archaeology. He is shown in the field, and drafting a site map in 1950 of the famous Angel Mounds.a site map in 1950 of the famous Angel Mounds.

Women were involved in many of the early Women were involved in many of the early archaeological investigations in our state. archaeological investigations in our state.

Frances Martin is shown investigating a Frances Martin is shown investigating a basin-shaped firepit feature (1950) and basin-shaped firepit feature (1950) and

working in a rock shelter in the late 1950s working in a rock shelter in the late 1950s with James Kellar.with James Kellar.

Laboratory work and all of the many types of Laboratory work and all of the many types of analyses which must be conducted are critical parts analyses which must be conducted are critical parts of the archaeological process. Emily Blasingham is of the archaeological process. Emily Blasingham is

shown in her office, ca. 1966, working on shown in her office, ca. 1966, working on Yankeetown prehistoric ceramic materials which Yankeetown prehistoric ceramic materials which

were recovered from Indiana.were recovered from Indiana.

Robert E. Pace (wearing hat in photo below) founded the Anthropology Laboratory at Indiana State University in 1964.

He was active in Indiana archaeology through the late 80s conducting major excavations. He was instrumental in founding the Wabash Valley Archaeological Society for avocational archaeologists and taught anthropology and

archaeology at ISU until his retirement in 1987.

The important archaeological work goes on today. However, the The important archaeological work goes on today. However, the science would not be what it is now in our state were it not for the science would not be what it is now in our state were it not for the

earlier work of so many others, obviously more than can be earlier work of so many others, obviously more than can be included in this brief presentation.included in this brief presentation.

We owe them all a huge debt of gratitude!We owe them all a huge debt of gratitude!

To find out more about the early years of archaeology in Indiana, To find out more about the early years of archaeology in Indiana, go togo to

the following locations, and others:the following locations, and others:

http://www.indiana.edu/%7Earchaeo/bone_bank/first.htmhttp://www.indiana.edu/%7Earchaeo/bone_bank/first.htmhttp://www.gbl.indiana.edu/figures/lilly/lilly2.htmlhttp://www.gbl.indiana.edu/figures/lilly/lilly2.html

http://www.statelib.lib.in.us/www/ihb/publications/archaeoearly.pdfhttp://www.statelib.lib.in.us/www/ihb/publications/archaeoearly.pdf

Sources of images:Sources of images:

Glenn A. Black Laboratory of Archaeology, Indiana Univ.Glenn A. Black Laboratory of Archaeology, Indiana Univ. Indiana Historical BureauIndiana Historical Bureau Emily BlasinghamEmily Blasingham Museum, collection Le Havre, FranceMuseum, collection Le Havre, France ““Sixth Annual Report of the Geological Survey of Indiana” Cox Sixth Annual Report of the Geological Survey of Indiana” Cox

(1875)(1875) Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Division of Historic Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Division of Historic

Preservation and ArchaeologyPreservation and Archaeology Lori Burns, Woodburn GraphicsLori Burns, Woodburn Graphics Indiana State UniversityIndiana State University

PowerPoint presentation compiled by Amy L. Johnson, Archaeology Outreach Coordinator, PowerPoint presentation compiled by Amy L. Johnson, Archaeology Outreach Coordinator, Division of Historic Preservation and Archaeology, 2005.Division of Historic Preservation and Archaeology, 2005.