A CRITIQUE ON COMPREHENSIVE MOBILITY PLAN · PDF filea critique on comprehensive mobility plan for the city ... goals, future urban growth and ... asansol cmps – in other cmps

A CRITIQUE ON COMPREHENSIVE MOBILITY PLAN FOR THE CITY

M.L. CHOTANIDIRECTOR-CUM-MEMBER SECRETARY

Association of Municipalities & Development Authorities

URBAN MOBILITY INDIA CONFERENCE & EXHIBITION-2010

1

MASSIVE URBANISATION AND INCREATING

METROPOLITISATION

HIGH GROWTH OF PERSONALISED VEHICLES

LACK OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT

MOBILITY DEMANDS RAPIDLY INFREASINGAN EFFICIENT PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEM ESSENTIAL FOR SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENTINTIALLY TRANSPORTATION ISSUES DEALT AS PART OF MASTER PLAN EXERCISEDETAILED TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORT STUDIES UNDERTAKEN TO STRENGTHEN TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE AND MANAGEMENT OF TRAFFIC FLOWS

The Context

2

The Context (Contd.)

LAUNCH OF JAWAHARLAL NEHRU NATIONAL URBAN RENEWAL MISSION (JNNURM) BY GOVT. OF INDIA – DEC. 2005

FORMULATION OF NATIONAL URBAN TRANSPORT POLICY (NUTP) BY GOVT. OF INDIA – APRIL, 2006

JNNURM AND NUTP ENVISAGED PREPARATION OF COMPREHENSIVE MOBILITY PLAN (CMP) FOR METRO CITIES IN THE FIRST PHASE

CMP – A PRE-REQUISITE FOR SEEKING FINANCIAL ASSITANCE FOR URBAN TRANSPORT PROJECTS UNDER JNNURM

3

The Context (Contd.)

CMP – LONG TERM POLICY DOCUMENT FOR MOBILITY PLAN FRAME WORK AND URBAN TRANSPORT PROJECTS IN THE CITY

MINISTRY ALSO FORMULATED TOOLKIT FOR PREPARATION OF CMPs

AS OF DATE 25 CITIES HAVE PREPARED CMPs AND 10 CITIES IN THE PROCESS OF PREPARATION OF CMPs.

A CRITIQUE ON CMP PRESENTED IN LIGHT OF THE PROVISIONS OF NUTP, CMP TOOLKIT AND ADVISORIES & GUIDELINIES ISSUED BY MINISTRY OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT

4

NUTP PROVISIONSTO ENSURE SAFE, AFFORDABLE, QUICK, COMFORTABLE, RELIABLE AND SUSTAINABLE ACCESS TO URBAN POPULATION

INCORPORATE URBAN TRANSPORTATION NEEDS AT THE URBAN PLANNING STAGE RATHER THAN BEING A CONSEQUENTIAL REQUIREMENTS

INTEGRATED LAND USE AND TRANSPORT PLANNING IN CITIES TO MINIMISE TRAVEL DISTANCES

GREATER USE OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT AND NON-MOTORISED MODES

5

NUTP PROVISIONS (Contd.)

MULTIPRONGED APPROACH WOVEN AROUND : • INTEGRATED LANDUSE AND TRANSPORT PLANNING, • EQUITABLE ALLOCATION OF ROAD SPACE, • PRIORITY TO USE OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT, • QUALITY & PRICING OF PUPBLIC TRANSPORT, • PARA-TRANSIT SPECIFICALLY NMT, • SMOOTH MOVEMENT OF FREIGHT TRAFFIC ,• USE OF CLEANER TECHNOLOGY, • ADEQUATE PARKING AREAS, • INNOVATIVE FINANCING MECHANISM, • PPP AND ENLISTING PUBLIC COOPERATION

CMP TO BE PREPARED IN FURTHERANCE OF IMPLEMENTATION OF NUTP

6

CMP TOOLKITFEATURES

A GUIDE FOR DECISION MAKERS AND PRACTITIONERS DEALING WITH URBAN TRANSPORT DEVELOPMENT

MAIN FEATURES OF CMP AS PER TOOLKIT :TO OPTIMISE MOBILITY OF PEOPLE AND GOODS RATHER THAN VEHICLESTO IMPROVE AND PROMOTE PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMTO FOCUS ON NON-MOTORISED VEHICLES AND PEDESTRIANSTO ACT AN EFFECTIVE PLATFORM FOR INTEGRATING LAND USE AND TRANSPORT PLANNINGCMP TO TAKE COGNIZANCE OF EXISTING PLANS AND STUDIES SUCH AS CDPs, MASTER PLAN AND TRANSPORT STUDIES

7

CMP TOOLKIT (Contd.)

APPROACH FOR CMP PREPARATION

TOOLKIT IDENTIFIED THE FOLLOWING APPROACHIDENTIFICATION OF SCOPE OF WORKDATA COLLECTION AND ANALSYSIS OF EXISTING URBAN TRANSPORT SCENARIOPREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF URBAN TRANSPORT DEVELOPMENT STRATEGYDEVELOPMENT OF URBAN MOBILITY PLANPREPARATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAMMEWIDE STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATION THROUGH ADVISORY COMMITTEE AND WORKSHOPS AND SEMINARS

8

CMP TOOLKIT (Contd.)

CONTENTS OF CMPTOOKIT INDICATES AN ILLUSTRATIVE LIST OF CONTENTS IN FOUR PARTS :

9

PART ONE INTRODUCTION ,CITY PROFILE, LAND USE AND TRANSPORT SYSTEM RELATED ISSUES

PART TWO DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN LAND USE AND TRANSPORT STRATEGY VISION, GOALS, FUTURE URBAN GROWTH AND TRANSPORT SCENARIO

PART THREE PUBLIC TRANSPORT IMPROVEMENT PLAN, ROAD NETWORK IMPROVEMENT PLAN, NON-MOTORISED TRANSPORT FACILITY IMPROVEMENT PLAN REGULATORY AND INSTITUTIONAL MEASURES, FISCAL AND MOBILITY IMPROVEMENT MEASURES

PART FOUR IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAMMES, COSTING, PHASING

ADVISORIES AND GUIDLINESMASS RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEM ALONG PRE-DEFINED TRANSPORT AXES

PROVISION FOR PEDESTRIANS AND NMT ALONG NEW ROADSDEDICATED CORRIDOR FOR BUS BASED TRANSIT SYSTEM ON MAJOR ARTERIAL ROADS

BY-PASS TO BE RETAINED AS BY-PASS ONLY

BAN DEVELOPMENT WITHIN 500m ON EITHER SIDE OF BY-PASS

ALL URBAN TRANSPORT PROJECTS UNDER JNNURM TO BE NUTP COMPLIANT

CMP TO BE IN CONFORMITY WITH PROVISIONS OF NUTP 10

ADVISORIES AND GUIDELINES (Contd.)

PROPER PARKING POLICY FOR EACH CITY TO BE PREPARED

REGULATORY MEASURES FOR PARKING THROUGH PARKING FEE, BAN ON PARKING ON MAJOR ARTERIAL ROADS

DEVELOPMENT OF PARKING COMPLEX ON PPP MODE

DENSIFICATION ALONG MAJOR ROADS FOR SUSTAINABILITY OF HIGH CAPACITY PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEM

ALTERNATIVE OPTIONS FOR HIGH COST FLY-OVERS, METROS, ROAD WIDENING PROJECTS

COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS TO BE DONE FOR VARIOUS ALTERNATIVE OPTIONS IN CMP

ALL URBAN TRANSPORT PROJECTS TO EMANATE FROM CMP 11


EACH FLY-OVER AND ROAD PROJECT TO CATER TO PEDESTRIANS AND NMT

RESERVE LANE FOR PUBLIC TRANSPORT/HIGH CAPACITY BUS SYSTEM ON ALL ROADS WITH 3 OR MORE LANES ON EITHER SIDE

PROVISION FOR DEDICATED PATH FOR PEDESTRIANS AND CYCLISTS ALOGH NEW ROADS – IF NOT POSSIBLE – INTRODUCE TRAFFIC CALMING MEASURES WITH SPEED LIMIT OF 30 Kmph

PROVISION FOR BICYCLE TRACKS WHILE PREPARING MASTER PLANS FOR CITY, SATELLITE TOWN, SEZ

12


PUBLIC TRANSPORT BE MADE ACCESSIBLE TO PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 44-46 OF THE PERSONS WITH DISABILITY ACT, 1995

URBAN TRANSPORT PROJECT TO FOLLOW CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM (CDM) TECHNIQUE TO MITIGATE GREEN HOUSE GASES EMISSION

13

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF 8 CMPs ATTEMPTED AS PER CHEKLISTFORMAT OF TOOLKIT, NUTP AND ADVISORIES OF THE MINISTRY

REALITY CHECK OF CMPs

FOR CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF CMPs A SAMPLE OF 8 CMPs TAKEN FOR THE FOLLOWING CITIES

14

REALITY CHECK (contd.)

SCOPE OF CMPCLEARLY DEFINED SCOPE IN BANGALURU, VARANSAI AND ASANSOL CMPs – IN OTHER CMPs SCOPE NOT ELABORATED

PLANNING AREA AND TIME PERIOD (HORIZON) IN ALL CMPs CLEARLY SPELT OUT

BANGALURU, MADURAI, ASANSOL, CHANDIGARH CMP COVER A LARGER PLANNING AREA WHILE OTHERS CMPs CONFINED TO CITY LIMITS

GOALS, VISION AND OBJECTIVES CLEARLY INDICATED IN JAIPUR AND ASANSOL OTHERS CMPs NOT ELABORATED ON THIS ASPECT 15

World’s population has doubled in last 40 yearsPopulation in urban areas it has increased five-fold


EXISTING LAND USE TAKEN COGNIZANCE OF LAND USE STRUCTURE AS PER MASTER PLAN OF RESPECTIVE CITY

HOWEVER PROPOSED LAND USE NOT IN SYNC WITH TIME HORIZON OF 20 YEARS OF CMPs

ADEQUACY OR INADEQUACY OF DEVELOPED AREA UNDER TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORT USE NOT ANALYSED IN CMPs IN VIEW OF THE PROPOSED MOBILITY PLAN FRAME WORK

16



EXISTING TRANSPORT SYSTEMCOMPREHENSIVE COVERAGE ON FINDINGS AND RESULTS OF VARIOUS TRAFFIC SURVEYS AND OTHER TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORT CHARATERISTICSSECONDARY DATA SOURCES EMPLOYED IN THANE AND RAJKOT CMPsSPECIFIC PRIMARY SURVEYS CONDUCTED TO MEET THE LOCAL REQUIREMENTS :

HAWKERS SURVEY IN THANE, TRAFFIC REFORMS IN ASANSOL ,INTER-CITY BUS SERVICE IN CHANDIGARH

ANALYSIS OF EXISTING TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN DETAIL IN MADURAI AND ASANSOL, WHILE IN OTHER CMPs IT IS NOT COMPREHENSIVE 17



EXISTING TRANSPORT DEMAND

BASIC DATA ON POPULATION AND EMPLOYMENT CONSIDERED ALONGWITH PROJECTIONS IN MASTER PLANS

RELAVANT DATA ON ZONEWISE TRAFFIC VOLUMEN SURVEY ANALYSED IN ALL CMPs

FINDINGS OF VARIOUS TRAFFIC SURVEY AND TRAVEL CHARATERISTICS INCLUDED IN CMPs NOTEWORTHY

18



ANALYSIS OF EXISTING TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTENVIRONMENT

OVERALL ADEQUATE COVERAGE IN BANGALURU, MADURAI AND RAJKOT CMPs WHILE IN OTHER CMPs COVERAGE IS PARTIAL

MADURAI CMP HAS DETAILED COVERAGE ON ROAD NETWORK

CITY SPECIFIC ISSUES CONCERNING TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORT ENVIRONMENT ADDRESSED IN PARTIAL MANNER

19



ANALYSIS OF EXISTING TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORT ENVIRONMENT

FUNCTIONAL HIERARCHY OF ROADS STUDIED WELL IN CHANDIGARH

ANALYSIS OFCMPs REVEALED : INADEQUACY OF ROAD NETWORK IN ALL CITIES, HIGH SHARE OF TWO WHEELERS, HIGH VOLUME CAPACITY RATIO, DECLINING AVERAGE SPEED, PARKING DEMAND OUTSTRIP PARKINIG SUPPLY, POOR ROAD SAFETY, HIGH PEDESTRIANS IN CORE AREAS OF CITY

BANGALURU, MADURAI AND CHANDIGARH ANALYSED PROBLEMS AND ISSUES IN MORE CRITICAL MANNER THAN OTHER CITIES

20



LAND USE SCENARIOSFUTURE LAND USE PATTERN INCORPORATED AS IT IS WITH SOME READJUSTMENT AS PER PROPOSED TRANSPORT SYSTEM

CHANDIGARH, BANGALURU AND THANE HAVE TAKEN REGIONAL AND LOCAL LAND USE SCENARIO INTO CONSIDERATION

DEVELOPMENT COMING UP IN THE PERIPHERY OF CITIES ALSO TAKEN INTO CONSIDERATION

MOST OF THE CMPs ADVOCATED FOR TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT AND SUGGESTED CHANGES IN MASTER PLANS21



TRANSPORT NETWORK SCENARIOOPTIMISING EXISTING TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE, IMPROVEMENT IN PUBLIC TRANSPORT, NMT FACILITIES ARE COMMON FEATURES OF CMPs PROPOSALSREQUIREMENT FOR IMPROVEMENT IN TRANSPORT NETWORK IN TERMS OF EXISTING ROADS, REGIONAL CONNECTIVITY, PROPER HIERARCHY OF ROADS VARY FROM CITY TO CITYJAIPUR HIGHLIGHTED ON MOBILITY CORRIDOR, PARKING AND FREIGHT FACILITIESCHANDIGARH FOCUSED ON MAXIMISING CAPACITY OF EXISTING ROADSASANSOL EMPHASISED ON REGIONAL TRANSPORTVARANASI STRESSED ON NETWORK IMPROVEMENT 22



TRANSPORT NETWORK SCENARIO• IN MADURAI SHORT, MEDIUM AND LONG TERM ROAD

IMPROVEMENT MEASURES ALONGWITH BRT AND SUB-URBAN RAIL ARE THE KEY FEATURES

• IN THANE, NMT, PEDESTRIAN SUBWAYS, PUBLIC TRANSPORT IMPROVEMENT, INTER CITY BUS AND TRUCK-TERIMANALS ARE IMPORTANT PROPOSALS

• RAJKOT CMP EMPHASISE ON PUBLIC TRANSPORT, ROAD NETWORK IMPROVEMENT IN PHASING

• BANGALURU CMP INCLUDES EXTENSION OF MASS TRANSPORT SYSTEM, COMMUTER RAIL SYSTEM, BRT, LOCAL BUS SYSTEM, TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT, ROAD HIERARCHY AS PROPOSALS

23



EVALUATION OF STRATEGIC LAND USE AND TRANSPORT PATTERN

CMPs BASED ON FUTURE LAND USE PATTERN

DESIRED CHANGES SUGGESTED IN MASTER PLANS

PERIPHERY DEVELOPMENT ALSO CONSIDERED

IN THANE, CHANDIGARH, BANGALURU AND ASANSOL LINKAGES IN RESPECT OF LAND USE AND TRANSPORT CONSIDERED FOR LARGER METROPOLITAN REGION. WHILE IN OTHER CITIES IT IS TAKEN AT CITY LEVEL

24



MOBILITY FRAMEWORKSTRATEGY VARY FROM CITY TO CITYMADURAI, RAJKOT AND CHANDIGARH – SHORT, MEDIUM AND LONG TERM MEASURES WITH VARYING COMPONENTSIN MADURAI SHIFTING OF ACTIVITIES, TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT MEASURES, IMPROVEMENT OF ROAD NETWORK, BRT, SUB-URBAN RAILS SUGGESTED IN VARIOUS PHASESSIMILAR PATTERN IN RAJKOTCHANDIGARH PHASING INCLUDES OPTIMISATION OF EXISTING TRANSPORT NETWORK, TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT MEASURES, NMT, CYCLE AND PEDESTRIAN FACILITY, BRT, COMMUTER RAIL ETC.IN ALL OTHER CITIES IMPROVEMENT MEASURES SUGGESTED WITHOUT ANY PHASING

25



MOBILITY IMPROVEMENT MEASURES

BASED ON VISION AND GOALS

ROAD COMPONENT SIGNIFICANT

PUBLIC TRANSPORT IMPROVEMENT MAINLY IN LAST PHASE

ADEQUATE TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT MEASURES SUGGESTED IN PHASES

SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATION NOT COVERED IN MOST OF THE CMPs EXCEPT PARTIALLY IN THANE, ASANSOL AND JAIPUR CITIES

26



IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAMME

LONG LIST OF PROGRAMME GIVEN

SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL PHASING, STAGES OF IMPLEMENTATION, RESOURCE MOBILISATION INNOVATIVE FINANCING MECHANISM NOT COVERED ADEQUATELY

EVALUATION OF HIGH COST PROJECTS AND ALTERNATIVE OPTIONS NOT ATTEMPTED

SYSTEMATIC IMPLEMENTATION MECHANISM NOT SUGGESTED

SOME OF THE PROJECTS SUGGESTED IN BANGALURU, ASANSOL AND JAIPUR ALSO FUNDED UNDER JNNURM

27


CRITICAL APPRAISAL

UNIQUE EXPERIENCE AS IMPORTANT STRATEGY TO DEAL WITH COMPLEXITY OF URBAN TRANSPORT PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT

WEALTH OF BASE LINE DATA GENERATED

COGNIZANCE OF EXISTING LAND USE TAKEN AND OTHER SITUATIONS CAPTURED

SLUM & INFORMAL SECTOR NOT TOUCHED IN CMP

MIXED LAND USE ASPECTS NOT TAKEN INTO CONSIDERATION

ROAD WIDENING PROJECTS MAINLY AT THE COST OF SPACE FOR PEDESTRIANS 28


CRITICAL APPRAISAL (Contd.)

BROAD CHANGES IN CITY STRUCTURE NOT WELL REFLECTED IN CMPs

COSTING AND FUNDING NOT ON RATIONAL APPROACH

ONLY FEW CMPs HAVE TAKEN LARGER STUDY AREAS. OTHER CONFINED TO CITY AREAS ONLY

LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE ISSUES NOT ELABORATED

COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS NOT DONE

PUBLIC PARTICIPATION AND STAKEHOLDERS CONSULTATION POOR

MORE FOCUS ON LISTING OUT OF NUMBER OF PORJECTS RATHER ON HOLISTIC APPROACH 29


WAY FORWARD

MOMENTUM TO CONTINUE

MORE CITIES OF 5 LAKH AND ABOVE TO BE TAKEN UP FOR CMPs

NMT TO BE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY

SAFETY ISSUES TO BE GIVEN DUE IMPORTANCE

I T S TO BE PROPAGATED FOR IMPROVEMENT OF TRANSPORT NETWORK EFFICIENCY

NATIONAL LEVEL DATA BASE TO BE CREATED

30


WAY FORWARD (Contd.)

CHOICE OF MODE SHOULD BE ON THE BASIS OF CONVENIENCE, FEASIBILITY AND FINANCIAL VIABILITY

PPP MODE TO BE ENCOURAGED

STRENGTHENING OF INSTITUTIONAL SET UP INCLUDING ESTABLISHMENT OF UMTA

LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT TO BE REVIEWED

DUE IMPORTANCE TO BE TIVEN TO URBAN TRANSPORT IN THE SCHEME OF THINGS

ENFORCEMENT OF DEVELOPMENT CONTROL REGULATIONS AS PER MASTER PLAN FOR EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION OF CMPsPPP MODE TO BE ENCOURAGED IN URBAN TRANSPORT

31


CITYCONTENTS

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Bangaluru Madurai Thane Rajkot Jaipur Varansai Asansol Chandigarh

Scope of CMPA P P P P A A A

Existing Land Use PlanP P A P A P P P

Existing Transport System

P A P P P P A P

Existing Transport Demand

A P P P P A A A

Analysis of the Existing Traffic/Transport Environment

A A P A P A A A

Land Use Scenarios P P P P A P P A

Transport Network Scenarios

P P P P A P P P

Evaluation of Strategic Land Use and Transport Patterns

A P A P P P A A

Mobility Framework P A P A P P P AMobility Improvement Measures

P P P P P P P P

Social and EnvironmentalConsiderations

N N P N P N P N

Implementation Program P N P N P P P P

EVALUATION OF CMPs AS PER TOOLKIT CHECKLIST

A – Adequate P – Partial N- Negligible

32


33

Documents

A CRITIQUE ON COMPREHENSIVE MOBILITY PLAN · PDF filea critique on comprehensive mobility plan for the city ... goals, future urban growth and ... asansol cmps – in other cmps