from other research groups in order toprovide what I take to be a compre-hensive and up-to-date review of thisliterature.

There is no doubt that these chaptersdo a good job of reviewing the con-siderable work carried out by thisparticular research group, and there-fore provide a summary of what is, Ithink, the longest running and broad-est research program in this area. Whatis less clear to me is whether the bookreally meets its aim of linking thesevarious levels of analysis. I feel that thepotential that comes from using thesame participants is not fully exploitedhere, because there is relatively littleexamination of the correlations ofpatterns of performance across levels.This is touched upon in some chapters;for example Mills et al. relate magni-tudes of ERPs to behavioural measuresof face recognition, Gallaburda andBellugi use staining techniques tomap gene expression onto brain anat-omy, and Korenberg et al. suggest howdifferences in size of genetic lesionmight relate to differences in pheno-type. However, other chapters onlyspeculate, often rather briefly, on whatthe findings might mean for otherareas, without testing these hypothesesdirectly. In addition, the book lacks a

summary chapter that explicitlydraws out these possible links. Thisabsence of over-arching structuremay reflect the fact that these chapterswere originally taken from a collectionof conference presentations, andhave been previously published (invirtually identical form) in a specialedition of the Journal of CognitiveNeuroscience.

To be fair, research that directly linksgene, brain and behaviour is stillrelatively rare in Williams syndrome,and this particular research group isextremely well placed to conduct thiskind work in the future. What thisvolume presents, as is noted in a fewchapters, is a summary of the ground-work that has been carried out by thisgroup prior to a more ambitiousanalysis across genetic, neurologicaland cognitive levels. As Ursula Bellugiherself commented in discussing thisvolume at a recent conference, it maynot provide all the answers, but it doesa good job of highlighting the impor-tant questions.

Chris JarroldUniversity of Bristol, UK

DOI: 10.1002/icd. 322

A CLINICAL GUIDE TO SLEEPDISORDERS IN CHILDREN ANDADOLESCENTSby Gregory Stores. CambridgeUniversity Press, Cambridge, 2001.ISBN 0 521 65398 3, Price: £27.95,$40.00, (paperback).

Of course, we are all familiar with thesettling issues and night waking pro-blems that so many parents encounterwith their babies and young children,but, in fact, there are a much widerrange of problems of sleeplessness andexcessive sleepiness that may beset

children and sometimes engenderserious problems for them and theirparents. Professor Gregory Stores, aclinical developmental neuropsychia-trist who has been prominent as aresearcher in the field and who hascreated a leading tertiary specialistclinical service, has written an excellentguide to these childhood and adoles-cent disorders.

As emphasised throughout the bookthere is currently a wide gap betweenthe clinical need and the provision ofservices. Professor Stores sees a needfor both better education and training

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for doctors and other health profes-sionals and the development of ser-vices at the primary care level, as partof paediatric services working withchild psychiatry and as specialisedsleep disorders services.

After a brief description of aspects ofnormal sleep and its disorders, thebook provides a discussion of theclassification and assessment of sleepdisorders. This is followed by chapterson sleeplessness in infancy, middlechildhood and adolescence, problemsof excess sleepiness and the parasom-nias; the disorders of arousal and sleepstage transition. The book concludeswith a discussion of clinical servicesand research and a very helpful glos-sary of terms.

This book could well serve as amodel of what a good basic clinicalguide should be and I am sure it willbe influential and have wide servicesfor years to come.

I would make but one criticism. Thisis a book about disorders and theirdiagnosis and treatment seen from theperspective of a clinical specialist.However, some patterns of sleepinginvolving bedtime struggles and/ornight or early morning waking areboth very common and widely seenas problems by parents, if not byclinical or health professionals. Ap-proaches to the management of theseissues by parents varies widely, as doesthe advice they may receive from

different quarters. There is a veryblurred line between what we mayregard as issues in parent child rela-tionships and what may be seen asclinical disorders requiring clinicaltreatment. This is a matter that de-serves at least brief mention in thebook. The issue is not simply one ofwhere we might turn for help butone for our understanding of thesocial context of child rearing. Whyare the sleep patterns of so many

infants and young children regardedas a problem? It would appear thatthis is a relatively modern issue,apparent only from the 19th Centuryonwards, suggesting it may havesomething to do with industrialization.It seems unlikely that all the di-fficulties that parents perceive will besolved by better clinical services. Thisis probably an area where medicaliza-tion of the problem is not going toprovide all the answers. However, thatbroad and complex issue should notdetract from the crucial point; thatthere are widespread disorders of sleepthat do require effective and readilyavailable services which are well de-scribed in this excellent book.

Martin RichardsCentre for Family Research,

University of Cambridge, UK

DOI: 10.1002/icd. 326

Book Reviews210

Copyright # 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Inf. Child Dev. 12: 205–210 (2003)