A Citations Analysis and Assessment of Research

International Journal of Library and Information Studies Vol.5 (1) Jan-Mar, 2015 ISSN: 2231-4911

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A Citations Analysis and Assessment of Research Productivity: Trends and Growth

Dr. S. DHANAVANDAN

Assistant Librarian Gandhigram Rural Institute - Deemed University

Gandhigram-624 302, Dindigul Dt. TN. e-mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

Indian Citation Index (ICI) database is an abstracts and citation database intended to measure and perform two basic functions, general literature search and evaluation using citations similar to international databases. This paper is discussed about the published research articles and its citation available in the Indian Citation Index by the authors from Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar. The relevant are data collected from Indian Citation Index and it was were analyzed. During the period of the last ten year (2005-2014) 3233 articles were published which are indexed in Indian Citation Index. The growth rate of article productivity increased from 2005 onwards upto 2010 in Indian journals but after 2010 it was in the decreasing order Keywords: Indian Citation Index; Year wise Distribution; Citation Analysis; Document Type

INTRODUCTION If you can measure that of which you speak, and can express it by a number, you know something of your subject; but if you cannot measure it, your knowledge is meager and unsatisfactory." William Thomson, Lord Kelvin. India is a huge part of the global society, has long and distinguished history as country, possess capability and vital resource to influence, mark presence on the emerging universe of knowledge. India is contributing good amount of knowledge but there is no tool for evaluation and measurement of its knowledge. At international level few tools/databases are available but coverage of Indian knowledge contents particularly published in local national journals are negligible. Therefore, these tools/databases are not adequate to evaluate/ analyze India's knowledge contents. INDIAN CITATION INDEX (ICI) Indian Citation Index (ICI) is a home grown abstracts and citation database, with multidisciplinary objective information/knowledge contents from about 1000 top Indian


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scholarly journals. It provides powerful search engine basically to perform search and evaluation for researchers, policy makers, decision makers etc. At present, it is planned to launch this long awaited and needed information tool with five years back files (depth) which would go over 10 years and beyond in a year's time. ICI database is a powerful tool that let you search, track, measure and collaborate in the sciences, social sciences, arts, and humanities to turns raw data/information into the powerful knowledge you need. Indian Citation Index (ICI) database is an abstracts and citation database intended to measure and perform two basic functions, general literature search and evaluation using citations similar to international databases. A database in general is a collection of information that is organized so that it can easily be accessed for various purposes, managed, and updated regularly. Citations symbolize the association of R&D ideas. The references that researchers cite in their papers make explicit links between their current research and prior work in the literature archive. Indian Citation Index (ICI) use intellectual links by listing both cited and citing works. Like other indexes, this enables one to move back in time to previously published papers. But uniquely one can also look forward in time to determine who has subsequently cited an earlier piece of research. CONCEPT OF ICI ICI is the abbreviation of "Indian Citation Index "(ICI).1 It is a multidisciplinary abstract and citation database of journals publish from India. ICI is useful for researchers, administrators, policy makers, editors, librarians and analysts for their respective nature of work. Once you get registered with the site you will be given a 30 days trial to see and adjudge its usability. The access to ICI without registration is now restricted, you need to register yourself before you are given an access to ICI. The registration is free. The registration in ICI is a simple process. Please click on the Register New User, this will open the Registration page. You need to fill in the mandatory fields Email address, City and Country. The rest of the fields are optional. ICI works with its basic intent to cover all scholarly journals from India irrespective of their discipline (s) subject to content selection criteria initially for two years considering general time lag factor in Indian publications, ICI has decided to provide an opportunity to such publishers to bring their publications as per defined schedule. REVIEW OF LITERATURE More recently Plotter2 had defined bibliometrics as “the study and measurement of the publication patterns of all forms of written communication and their authorship”. Some of the recent studies on bibliometric study have been reviewed. Mooghali et al.3 using bibliographic records from the Social Science Citation Index, Science Citation Index, and Arts and Humanities Citation Index, tried to give a complete view of the evolution of the field of Scientometrics based on its literature published during 1980 to 2009. This is a descriptive survey using scientometric indicators. Karpagam et al.4 analysed the growth pattern of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology


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literature in India during 1990-2009 (20 years). The Scopus international multi-disciplinary bibliographical database has been used to identify the Indian contributions in the field of Nano science and Nanotechnology. Abramo5 made the study on the development of bibliometric techniques to suggest their integration or total substitution for classic peer review in the national research assessment exercises, as far as the hard sciences are concerned. They compare rankings lists of universities captured by the first Italian evaluation exercise, through peer review, with the results of bibliometric simulations. The comparison shows the great differences between peer review and bibliometric rankings for excellence and productivity. Lapon-Kandeishein and Prebor6 presented the state of bibliographical research in the discipline of Hebrew printing during a 30-year period, ranging from the latter quarter of the twentieth century until the beginning of the third millennium (1976-2006). Krampen, Eye and Schui7 studied bibliometric data on psychology publications from 1977 through 2008 are modelled and forecasted for the 10 years following 2008. Kumar Suchetan, et.al.8 Bibliometric method is most often used in the field of library and information science; it has an equal applicability in other areas also. In fact, in many research fields use of bibliometric methods is carried out to explore the impact of their field, the impact of a set of researchers, or the impact of a particular paper etc. Bibliometrics are now used in quantitative research assessment exercises of academic output. Uma and Dhanavandan9 found that the research articles and their citations available in the Indian Citation Index by the authors from University of Madras during the period of the study 538 articles published which includes 480(89.22%) Research Articles type, 19(3.53%) short communication type and 10 (1.86%) articles each from Review articles and Case Studies type. METHODOLOGY This study is aimed to discuss about the analysis of the citation index of the research output by faculty members of Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar. The Citation analysis is the examination of the frequency, patterns, and graphs of citations in articles and books. It uses

citations in scholarly works to establish links to other works or other researchers. Citation

analysis is one of the most widely used methods of bibliometrics. The relevant sources and data are collected from Indian Citation Index on 20.02.2015 for the period of 2005-2014. Based on the available sources the following discussions were made.


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Figure 1.Home Page of Indian Citation index

ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION The distribution of the research output and the citations by the various authors from Annamalai University which are available in Indian Citation Index were analyzed in the table 1.

Table 1: Year Wise Distribution of published Articles Vs Citations

Sl. No. Year Articles % Citation % Citation density

Article/ Citation

2 2005 245 7.58 250 14.58 1.02 1 3 2006 316 9.77 284 16.56 0.899 1 4 2007 381 11.78 302 17.61 0.793 1 5 2008 357 11.04 242 14.11 0.678 1 6 2009 350 10.83 210 12.24 0.6 2 7 2010 421 13.02 171 9.97 0.406 2 8 2011 387 11.97 113 6.59 0.292 3 9 2012 378 11.69 103 6.01 0.272 4 10 2013 229 7.08 32 1.87 0.14 7 11 2014 169 5.23 8 0.47 0.047 21 Total 3233 100.00 1715 100.00 5.147 43

Table 1 indicates the year wise distribution of articles published by the faculty member in Annamalai University. During the period of the last ten year (2005-2014) 3233 articles were published which are indexed in Indian Citation Index. Among the 3233, 245(7.58%) articles in the year 2005, 316(9.77%) articles in 2006 and 381(11.78%) articles in 2007. The highest no. of articles i.e 421 was published in the year 2010. The growth rate of article productivity increased from 2005 onwards upto 2010 in Indian journals but after 2010 it was in the decreasing order. In the part of total citation 1715 were found that for the period of 2005 to 2014. Among the 1715,


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250(14.58%) citations in the year 2005, 284(16.54%) citations in 2006 and 302(17.61%) articles in 2007 and the remaining year the citations rate in under decreasing order.

Table 2: Distribution of Cited Articles and Cited Density Sl. No. Year Cited Articles Cited Density Article/Cited Articles

2 2005 82 0.335 2.988 3 2006 97 0.307 3.258 4 2007 117 0.307 3.256 5 2008 97 0.272 3.68 6 2009 98 0.28 3.571 7 2010 90 0.214 4.678 8 2011 73 0.189 5.301 9 2012 66 0.175 5.727

10 2013 22 0.096 10.409 11 2014 6 0.036 28.167

Total 748 2.211 71.035 Table 2 shows the year wise distribution of cited articles ant cited density of the authors by Annamalai University for the period of 2005-2014. From the last ten years 748 cited articles were identified. Among the 748, 82 in 2005, 97 in 2006 & 2008, 117 in 2007, 98 in 2009 and 90 in 2010 cited articles were identified. It is pointed out that 117 cited articles were identifies which is in the highest during the period.

Table 3: Author Wise Distribution of Articles and Citations (TOP 15) Sl.No. Author Articles Citation Citation Density

1 Manavalan R 164 169 1.03 2 Kannan K 49 31 0.633 3 Kathiresan K 48 80 1.667 4 Balasubramanian T 45 34 0.756 5 Anburani A 41 17 0.415 6 Sivakumar K 41 21 0.512 7 Sriramachandrasekharan M V 40 12 0.3 8 Manna P K 35 29 0.829 9 Prakash M 34 16 0.471

10 Muthu A Kottai 33 34 1.03 11 Mohanta G P 33 29 0.853 12 Karuppaiah P 33 37 1.121 13 Ganesan J 33 40 1.212 14 Shakila Arumugam 33 11 0.333 15 Saravanan K 33 31 0.939

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The table 6 and figure 4 indicates the distribution of document type based on the articles published by various authors in Annamalai University. It shows 3156 Research Articles, 119 short communication 84 Review articles, 51 research notes and 24 editorial essays type. It is concluded that the highest articles are from research type. CONCLUSION A citation analysis and research productivity of various authors in Annamalai University were discussed. The Indian Citation Index to offer an easy-to-use, reliable bibliographic and citation database to users and it link users quickly and accurately to the full-text articles library have invested in. ICI increase the visibility of and access to other library resources. Further it provides users to search peer-reviewed and highly used contents publish in local national journals. Above the analysis clearly shows faculty of Science has more research productivity when comparing faculty social sciences. REFERENCES

1. Indian Citation Index : http://www.indiancitationindex.com/ 2. Potter, W.G. (1981). Introduction to bibliometrics. Library Trends, 30: 5. Retrieved from

http://www.myjurnal.my/ filebank/published_article/17760/4.pdf 3. Mooghali, A. et al. (2011). Scientometric Analysis of the Scientometric Literature.

International Journal of Information Science and Management, 9(1): 19–31. 4. 4. Karpagam, R. et al. (2011). Mapping of nanoscience and nanotechnology research in

India: a scientometric analysis, 1990-2009. Scientometrics, 89(2): 501–522. 5. 5. Abramo, G. (2011). National research assessment exercises: a comparison of peer review

and bibliometrics rankings. Scientometrics, 89(3): 929–941 6. Lapon-Kandelshein, E. and Prebor, G. (2011). Bibliographical research in the study of

Hebrew printing: a bibliometric analysis. Scientometrics, 88(3): 899–913. 7. Krampen, G.; Eye, A. and Schui, G. (2011). Forecasting trends of development of

psychology from a bibliometric perspective. Scientometrics, 87(3): 687–694. 8. Kumar, S; Tiwari, C. and Deepu, M. (2012). Contribution to Indian Sociology: A

Bibliometric study. Language in India. 12(5): 650. Retrieved from http://www.languageinin-dia.com/may2012/suchetanbibliometricfinal.pdf

9. Uma,V., and Dhanavandan, S., (2015). “Distribution and Exploration and Mapping of Research Performance, Productivity and Citations”, SRELS Journal of Information Management, 52(1) (2014), 77-82 ISSN: 0976-2477, Print ISSN: 0972-2467

Documents

A Citations Analysis and Assessment of Research