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EVIDENCE CONCERNING WHEN VARIOUS PHOTOS WERE TAKEN DURING THE JFK AUTOPSY I. Evidence From the Contents of the Autopsy Photos Themselves A. The Photos Fall Into Two Groups RE: the Position of the Body 1. TAKEN FIRST: Photos with the body supine, flat on its back; head and shoulders over a striped towel; head in a metal stirrup; neither of the two official wounds of entrance are displayed; “before the postmortem examination was begun … identification type photographs, I recall having been made of the full face of the late President. A photograph showing the massive head wound with the large defect that was associated with it. To my recollection all of these were made before the proceedings began.” Humes, Warren Commission, 2 H pg. 349. “I first took a full body photo from above the body after the wrappings were removed. I did this standing on a ladder, still using the tripod mount. The tripod is just raised higher than usual in this case.” Stringer, ARRB Phone Interview, pg. 3. Then I moved in and started taking close-up photos as directed by Dr. Humes.” Stringer, ARRB Phone Interview, pg. 3. NO OFFICIAL “WOUNDS OF ENTRANCE” ARE SHOWN IN THE ABOVE FOUR “IDENTIFICATION TYPE” PHOTOGRAPHIC VIEWS “Left Side of Head and Shoulders" "Right Side of Head and Shoulders” "Superior View of Head” “Right Anterior View of Head and Upper Torso, Including Tracheotomy Wound”

A Chronology of Official Photography During the Autopsy of President John Kennedy

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This research document uses official government documents and government records of testimonies to determine the when the various official autopsy photographs were taken of JFK during the autopsy.

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Page 1: A Chronology of Official Photography During the Autopsy of President John Kennedy

EVIDENCE CONCERNING WHEN VARIOUS PHOTOS WERE TAKEN DURING THE JFK AUTOPSY

I. Evidence From the Contents of the Autopsy Photos Themselves

A. The Photos Fall Into Two Groups RE: the Position of the Body

1. TAKEN FIRST: Photos with the body supine, flat on its back; head and shoulders over a striped towel; head in a metal stirrup; neither of the two official wounds of entrance are displayed; “before the postmortem examination was begun … identification type photographs, I recall having been made of the full face of the late President. A photograph showing the massive head wound with the large defect that was associated with it. To my recollection all of these were made before the proceedings began.” Humes, Warren Commission, 2 H pg. 349. “I first took a full body photo from above the body after the wrappings were removed. I did this standing on a ladder, still using the tripod mount. The tripod is just raised higher than usual in this case.” Stringer, ARRB Phone Interview, pg. 3.

“Then I moved in and started taking close-up photos as directed by Dr. Humes.” Stringer, ARRB Phone Interview, pg. 3.

NO OFFICIAL “WOUNDS OF ENTRANCE” ARE SHOWN

IN THE ABOVE FOUR “IDENTIFICATION TYPE” PHOTOGRAPHIC VIEWS

“Left Side of Head and Shoulders"

"Right Side of Head and Shoulders”

"Superior View of Head”

“Right Anterior View of Head and Upper Torso, Including Tracheotomy Wound”

Page 2: A Chronology of Official Photography During the Autopsy of President John Kennedy

2. ADDITIONAL EVIDENCE THAT THE ABOVE BODY VIEWS WERE PHOTOGRAPHED AT THE OUTSET OF THE AUTOPSY a. Evidence from Testimony Reibe “said that he began taking pictures as soon as the remains were on the table.” Reibe, HSCA, pg. 2

“I think it was only six or seven exposures [that I took on the film roll].” Reibe, ARRB, pg. 40. “Yes” [this roll of 120 film was being taken at the same time as your pictures were being taken]” Stringer, Taped Interview by Lifton, 1972. b. Evidence From Content of Film Roll Photos (only 3 roll photos contain images) “Photo #1 shows left side of body with a towel around the abdomen (i.e., ‘Left Side’ view). “Photo #2 shows top of skull-but can't make out any detail (i.e., ‘Superior View of Head’). “Photo #3 is a 45o angle taken over the right shoulder, which also shows the towel over the abdomen.” (i.e., ‘Right Side of Head and Shoulders’ view) (D. Horne, to S. Barber, 3-1-98)

3. THE OTHER THREE AUTOPSY PHOTOGRAPHIC VIEWS – Their Similarities a. similarity: the subject of these photos are the two official “wounds of entrance”

b. similarity: (on two of the views) the body is on its side; head probably on a chock

“Missile wound of entrance in posterior skull”

Humes, Boswell, Stringer, 1966

“Wound of entrance in right occipital region,”

Humes, Boswell, Stringer, 1966

“Posterior view of wound of entrance of missile high

in shoulder” Humes, Boswell, Stringer, 1966

“Wound of entrance in right occipital region,” “Posterior view of wound of entrance of missile high in shoulder”

Page 3: A Chronology of Official Photography During the Autopsy of President John Kennedy

“the head of the President was supported by a block” Hagan (arriving 20 min before the autopsy concluded), ARRB, pg. 3. “It [the chock] could be turned to different sizes to raise or lower the head.” Paul O’Connor, HT2, pg. 306 “… we had a chock. It was a block approximately six inches long that had four prongs on it…. And it was matched more or less to the … behind the neck as opposed to supporting the back of the head.” James Jenkins, HT2, p. 306 “We used an aluminum block that was scalloped for different sized, for the neck and so forth. And the headrest really, unless they used it for the photograph, would have gone underneath the neck.” Jenkins, Law, pg. 91.

c. similarity: on the two views with the body on its side, the skull piece is flapped out in similar position;

B. The Photos Fall Into Two Groups RE: the Scalp Position on the Right Forehead

1. In order to remove the brain, the scalp was first “reflected” forward over the face.

“He seemed to recall the scalp being reflected forward during the autopsy” Robinson, ARRB “I remember looking at the head and the scalp was all dropped forward and the cranial cavity was still there.” Lifton, Custer Interview 1989, pg. 38, 39 (tape 1)

“the brain had been removed” Humes,

ARRB, pg. 200

“Missile wound of entrance In posterior skull, following reflection of scalp”

Humes, Boswell, Stringer, 1966 Inventory

“the scalp is reflected downward” Humes, ARRB, pg. 190

Page 4: A Chronology of Official Photography During the Autopsy of President John Kennedy

In the ‘Identification-type’ Photos Made Before the Start of Autopsy Dissection, the Scalp on Right Forehead in Place,

and the Hair on It is Sweeping Backward

In ‘Entrance Wound’\Body on its Side Photo, the Right Forehead Skull is

Open, with the Scalp Reflected Forward Out of View

Inference: The ‘official head entrance wound’ photo – below - was taken after the scalp was reflected forward; that is, after the dissection autopsy was underway

Inference: The ‘official shoulder entrance wound’ photo – below - ,

taken near the same time as the photo on the left, also was taken after the dissection autopsy was underway

Page 5: A Chronology of Official Photography During the Autopsy of President John Kennedy

C. Autopsy Photo of Two Autopsists’ Hands Inserted Into the Cranial Vault

Inference: The above photo, with two hands inserted into the cranial vault, was taken after the brain was removed

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D. Autopsy Photo With the Hair Wetted/Washed Q. “Did you do the [pre-autopsy] photos and x-rays before you did any cleaning of the head?” A. “Yes.” Humes, ARRB, pg. 95. “…wasn’t a deliberate attempt to clean it up … the hair was not disturbed in any way” Humes, ARRB, Pg. 162 …………………………….. [Dr. Karnei remembers the pre-autopsy] “photographs being taken while the body was undressed. The President’s hair was covered in dried, matted blood at this viewing.” Karnei, ARRB, pg. 2 ……………………………….. [In the color back of head photograph there is] “an area at the back of the President's head wherein the hair appears to be abnormally dark, but they said this must have been because the hair was washed before the photographs were taken to make the wound visible. They said the area looked wet.” Opinion of panel of four photo-optics experts, assembled by Boston Globe, and allowed access by the Natl. Archives to the original autopsy photos, 1981 [from tape at JFK Library]. “I would indeed” [agree that in the original color back of head photograph, the hair in the upper portion appears to be wet, that in the lower portion appears to be relatively dry] … “I would” [agree that the hair in the original color back of head photograph is spread apart in the upper portion of the photograph, exposing portions of the scalp in contrast to the hair in the lower portion, that is in a relatively natural position]. Humes alone, HSCA, pg. 326. Inference: The above ‘color back of the head’ photo (with hair “wetted” and the hair “spread apart”) was not taken at the same time as pre-dissection ‘identification type’ photographs, that were taken at the beginning of the autopsy.

For comparison, an autopsy photo of the hair on the back of the head in which the hair is not “wet”, “washed”, and “spread apart”

Page 7: A Chronology of Official Photography During the Autopsy of President John Kennedy

IN SUMMARY, The contents of the photos themselves indicate one group of four different body views, in which all possess the following similarities

1. none of the official wounds of entrance are shown 2. the body is supine on its back, 3. the forehead scalp/hair are not reflected forward, 4. hair on the upper area of the back of the head has not been wetted and

spread apart to show the underlying scalp (from testimony) 5. no hands are inserting into the cranial vault

The contents of the photos themselves indicate other photos that are not in the above group, in which

1. the official wounds of entrance are shown in all three body profiles 2. the body is on its side in two of the three body profiles shown 3. the right forehead scalp/hair is visibly reflected forward in at least two of

the three body profiles 4. in one of the views the hair on the upper part of the back of the head has

been wetted and spread apart 5. hands are visible on the head in all three profiles, and in one a pair of

hands are inserting into the cranial vault II. Evidence from testimony/documentation of persons who were present at the autopsy

A. Evidence that after the initial ‘predissection’ photography, photographs continued to be taken throughout the autopsy

1. Initial Photographs Prior to Autopsy Dissection

“The external examination was done first and as soon as the body had been examined, the photographer was brought in and various photographs, external photographs, were taken, at which point we then backed away and permitted the radiologist to X-ray the entire body, and then we began further external examination and dissection while awaiting the development of the X-ray film.” Stringer ARRB pg. 98 “before the postmortem examination was begun … identification type photographs, I recall having been made of the full face of the late President. A photograph showing the massive head wound with the large defect that was associated with it. To my recollection all of these were made before the proceedings began.” Humes, Warren Commission, 2 H pg. 349.

Reibe “said that he began taking pictures as soon as the remains were on the table.” Reibe, HSCA, pg. 2

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“Rudnicki said that personnel began taking photos as soon as the body arrived” Rudnicki, HSCA, pg. 2 “I was present when various persons placed the body on the autopsy table. Doctors then proceeded to remove the sheet covering JFK and to photograph the body.” O’Neill, HSCA, pg. 2.

2. Photography Continued After the Autopsy Dissection had Commenced

“Yes [photographs were taken] throughout the autopsy.” Boswell ARRB Phone Interview 04/08/96 “Yes … throughout the whole autopsy …” Reibe ARRB “Rudnicki said that [photography] continued to do so throughout the autopsy.” Rudnicki, HSCA, pg. 2 “[Stringer] was the photographer [he took photographs] throughout the autopsy…” “the photographers were quite busy, because every time we time we turned around we had him take a picture” Boswell ARRB pg. 129, 38 “Photographs were being taken all the time.” Custer, ARRB, pg. 39 “Dr. Karnei said “... they took a lot of photographs at various times." Karnei, HSCA interview, pg. 6 “There were photographs taken at various stages” Burkley, Oral History to McHugh, 1967, pg. 17 “I think they were taking pictures during the whole process (the autopsy), not just before … pretty well all during it.” Hagan, Livingstone KTT, p. 700 [once the autopsy started] “…then, periodically, more pictures were being taken – you know, different angles and so forth; where the entry was, and so forth; this angle, and that angle.” Van Hoesen, Liften 1992, pg. 666.

“I think they took photographs before, during and after; they kept on taking photographs. They took photographs from the time they got the body out until it was put into the new casket.” McHugh, Lifton, BE, pg.431 “… about 20 minutes before the autopsy was concluded. The body of the President was being “cleaned up” … photos were being taken,” Hagan, ARRB “It seems to me that the photographer, and I guess it was Mr. Stringer at the time, came back in. I think he wasn’t satisfied with some of the shots and decided that he wanted some more. He was back in there more than once, I believe. In other words, the

Page 9: A Chronology of Official Photography During the Autopsy of President John Kennedy

pictures were not taken all at one time. As I remember it, he did return to shoot a couple of extra shots.” Stover, Liften, 1992, pg. 667 Note: Compare all of the above to: Q. “Other than that series of photographs, were the remainder of the photographs all taken at the beginning of the autopsy, do you recall?” A. Virtually all of them were, yeah” … “There's only basically two that weren't” [One inside of the occipital region … one of the interior of the right side of the thorax] Humes ARRB

B. Evidence the Autopsist Finck Was Not Present for the Initial ‘PreDissection’ Photos

1. Evidence From Finck’s Own 1960s testimony

“Some of the photographs were taken in my presence in the autopsy room.” Finck, Shaw Trial, 1969

2. Evidence Arising From When Finck Arrived to the Autopsy

a. The autopsists removed bullet fragments from the brain after the dissection had commenced (i.e., after the initial ‘predissection’ photos) Humes: “To better examine the situation with regard to the skull, at this time, Boswell and I extended the lacerations of the scalp which were at the margins of this wound, down in the direction of both of the President's ears. At that point, we had even a better appreciation of the extensive damage which had been done to the skull by this injury. We had to do virtually no work with a saw to remove these portions of the skull, they came apart in our hands very easily, and we attempted to further examine the brain, and seek specifically this fragment which was the one we felt to be of a size which would permit us to recover it. … Specter: Will you proceed, then, to tell us what you did then? Humes: Yes, sir. We dissected carefully in this region and in fact located this small fragment, which was in a defect in the brain tissue in just precisely this location…. Warren Commission Hearings, Vol. II, Pg. 354

b. Finck arrived after the bullet fragments were removed from the brain, i.e., Finck arrived after the time that the initial ‘pre-dissection’ autopsy photos were taken.

McCloy: Did you examine any of the fragments which were removed from the President's skull? Finck: I only saw one fragment shown to me when I arrived at Bethesda, and it was an elongated black metallic fragment, and that is the only one I saw to my recollection. I was told that it had been removed from the brain of President Kennedy in the anterior portion of his head." (Finck, Warren Commission Testimony, pg 383)

Page 10: A Chronology of Official Photography During the Autopsy of President John Kennedy

c. Finck arrived after the brain was removed, i.e., Finck arrived after the time that the initial ‘pre-dissection’ autopsy photos were taken.

Finck: “I arrived at the Naval Hospital at 2030 hours ... The autopsy had been in progress for thirty minutes when I arrived” Finck, Blumberg letter 1965 Finck: “When I arrived, … as I recall, the brain had been removed” Finck, Shaw Trial, 1969 Finck: “As a matter of fact, when I reached the hospital, as far as I can recall, the brain had been removed.” Finck, HSCA, pg. 72

d. After Finck arrived (which was after the brain was removed) Finck directly assisted in taking the photo of the wound in the upper back.

[Finck] “I help the Navy photographer to take photographs … of the wound in the back.” Finck, Blumberg Letter, 1965 [Dr. Karnei] “doesn't remember whether Dr. Finck did any cutting or just examined the body. He said he does “.. .remember him working with a probe [i.e., back wound] and arranging for photographs." Karnei, HSCA, pg. 6 “...when they were putting the probes through the body … Dr. Karnei said he was “… not exactly sure ..." how successful they were with the probing. He recalls them putting the probe in and taking pictures (the body was on the side at the time). He said they felt the hole in the back was a wound of entrance and they were ".. .trying to figure out where the bullet came out."” Karnei, HSCA interview, pg. 5

SECTION IIA.B SUMMARY. The autopsist Finck did not arrive to the autopsy until after the initial ‘predissection’ photograpy. However, he did later help with, and perhaps arranged for, the autopsy photos of the back/shoulder wound. Therefore, the autopsy photos of the back/shoulder wound were not taken as part of the set of initial ‘predissection’ autopsy photos.

C. Evidence that An Attempt was Made to Photograph the Bruised Lung

1. Evidence From the Autopsists’ Testimony

“STRINGER remembers taking at least two exposures of the body cavity." Stringer, HSCA, Pg 16 “The area of discoloration on the apical portion of the right upper lung … Kodachrome [= color] photographs [note pleural tense] were made of this area in the interior of the President’s chest.” Humes, Warren Commission, 2 H pg. 363. “I distinctly recall going to great lengths to try and get the interior upper portion of the right thorax illuminated --- you know the technical difficulties with that, getting the camera positioned and so forth, and what happened to that film, I don’t know.” Humes, HSCA, pg. 253.

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“Dr. Humes, Commander and Naval doctor, testified before the Warren Commission that this one photo made of the highest portion of the right lung. The other two doctors don’t recall if such a photo was made.” Ramsey Clark phone conversation with President Johnson, Jan. 27, 1967 2. Evidence From Photographer’s Testimony “It was Kodak film … two per set … we had one or two cassettes that were not exposed, and they took those too.” Reibe, ARRB, pg. 23, 24, 40. 3. Evidence From the Autopsy Photo Inventory

“unexposed but developed 4 x 5 ektachrome transparency; unexposed, undeveloped 4 x 5 ektachrome film” Military Inventory of JFK Autopsy Photographs and X-Rays, 11/01/66 (signed 11/10/66)

SECTION II.C SUMMARY. The attempt to take a photographs of the bruised lung was made after Finck had arrived, but before the evisceration of the lung out of the body cavity. Inference: The two unexposed color transparency films in the official National Archives autopsy photo collection likely arose from the attempt to take photos bruised lung. This attempt was made separate and after the initial ‘predissection’ set of photos, but prior to “the final stages” of the autopsy.

III. Evidence From Official Documents Made at the Autopsy by Government Officials

A. Late Arriving Skull Fragments From Dallas

“close to midnight, portions of the cranial vault are received from DALLAS, Texas.” Finck, Blumberg Letter “Close to midnight, portions of the cranial vault --- portions of the cranial vault are received from Dallas, Texas....” Finck, ARRB, pg. 98 “I would have guessed it was midnight or one o’clock in the morning….” Humes, HSCA, pg. 244. “I think it was midnight” Boswell, ARRB, pg. 106. “[It arrived] prior to [the beginning of the embalming]” “I think it was midnight”. Stringer ARRB pg. 107, 106 “This was maybe midnight to one o'clock when these fragments arrived from Dallas … the autopsy was still going on.” Ebersole, HSCA, pg. 20 “Also during the latter stages of the autopsy, a piece of the skull measuring 10 x 6.5 centimeters was brought to Dr. HUMES who was instructed that this had been removed from the President’s skull.” FBI report filed by Sibert and O’Neill, 11/26/63

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B. First ‘Stover/Ebersole’ Receipts of Autopsy Photos and X-rays

1. “Kellerman said the receipts for items received in the autopsy were ‘made up’ by the Navy.” Kellerman, HSCA, pg. 5

2. “AMC CHESTER H. BOYERS, U. S. Navy, visited the autopsy room during the final stages of such to type receipts given by FBI and Secret Service for items obtained.” FBI Report on Autopsy, Sibert and O’Neill, 11/26/63

3. “Mr. Kellerman said that prior to signing the receipts "...everyone counted them...” ” Kellerman, HSCA, pg. 9

4. The typed receipt to the Secret Service for the number of autopsy X-rays contained the TYPED wording:

(Dated 22 November 1963 from Ebersole to Kellerman) [in typing:] “The following number and types of X-ray films were taken this date. Eight (8) 14 x 17 inch X-ray film Three (3) 10 x 12 inch X-ray film”

SECTION III.A, B.1-4. SUMMARY: The above record lists a total of 11 X-rays… that is, when the above list was typed “during the final stages” of the autopsy, the number of X-rays recorded as being in existence was not the final number of autopsy x-rays that officially came into existence (14 = official final total). Inference: This list, made “during the final stages” of the autopsy either (a) was typed shortly before the late-arriving skull fragments from Dallas were X-rayed, for which 3 additional X-rays were taken, or (b) there was such confusion at the scene that the intended-to-be-official counting and recording of existing autopsy X-rays of the dead President failed to record 3 of the 14 existing X-ray films.

5. The typed index (‘receipt’) to the Secret Service for the number of autopsy photographs contained the wording:

(Dated 22 November 1963 From Stover to Kellerman) [in typing:] “The following items of photographic material were placed in the custody of Mr. Roy H. Kellerman … 22 November 1963… 8 graphic film holders (4 x 5) containing 16 sheets of exposed Ektachrome E3 film 6 graphic film holders (4 x 5 ) containing 12 sheets exposed Portrait Pan film 1 roll 120 Ektachrome E3 exposed film. To my knowledge this is the total amount of film exposed on this occasion.” [Editorial note: two of the sixteen 4 x 5 Ecktachrome film sheets above, that are the two relating to the lung bruise, are actually unexposed]

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SECTION II.B2 SUMMARY: The above record lists a total of 16 (color) and 12 (black and white) photographic sheets … that is, when the above list of the “total amount of film exposed” was typed “during the final stages” of the autopsy, the number of photographs recorded as being in existence was not the final number of autopsy photographic sheets that officially came into existence (22 color, 18 black and white official final totals). Inference: Either (a) after this intended-to-be-official-receipt-of-record was typed, 6 additional color and 6 additional black and white photographic sheets came into existence, or (b) there was such confusion at the scene that the intended-to-be-official counting and recording of existing autopsy photos of the dead President failed to record 12 of the 40 existing sheets of used Ectachrome film.

C. The FBI (‘Sibert/O’Neill) Index of photos and X-rays

1. “We both took notes” [during the autopsy] (Sibert, ARRB, pg. 78) 2. “Yes, we did [take notes during the autopsy]. We did take some, though. Yes, we did. And I destroyed them” [after preparing the official 302 report]. O’Neill, ARRB, pg. 142, 143. 3. “Regarding the listing of those materials in my [11/26/63] report, Humes told us the number of X-rays and photographs; we had no independent verification, we did not count them,” Sibert, HSCA/Purdy interview, pg. 5

4. The typed report of the FBI as to the number of X-rays and autopsy photographs contained the wording: “The following is a complete listing of the photographs and X-Rays taken by the medical authorities of the President's body. They were turned over to Mr. ROY KELLERMAN of the Secret Service. X-Rays were developed by the hospital, however, the photographs were delivered to the Secret Service undeveloped: 11 X-Rays 22 4 X 5 Color Photographs 18 4 X 5 Black and White Photographs 1 Roll of 120 film containing five exposures.” (Sibert, O’Neill FBI Report on Autopsy) SECTION III.C SUMMARY: The above record lists a total of 22 (color) and 18 (black and white) photographic sheets and 11 X-rays. That is, the number of photographs recorded as being in existence was the same as the final number of autopsy photographic sheets that officially came into existence (22 color, 18 black and white official final totals). However, the number of

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X-rays recorded as being in existence was not the final number of autopsy x-rays that officially came into existence (14 = official final total). Inference: Either (a) at the time Humes told the FBI agents as to the number of photos and X-rays, all photographs had been taken, but the final three X-rays had not yet been taken, or (b) there was such confusion at the scene that the intended-to-be-official accounting and recording by the FBI of the existing X-rays of the dead President failed to record 3 of the 14 existing X-rays.

D. The Second ‘Stover/Ebersole’ (Typed by Boyers; Handcorrected by Stover)

Receipt of Photos and X-rays

1. The typed receipts to the Secret Service for the number of autopsy X-rays and photographs contained the additional HANDWRITTEN wording: Number of X-rays Receipt dated 22 November 1963 from Ebersole to Kellerman [in typing:] “The following number and types of X-ray films were taken this date. Eight (8) 14 x 17 inch X-ray film Six (6) Three (3) 10 x 12 inch X-ray film” [The typed “Three” and “3” were by handwriting crossed out and changed to “SIX” and “6”, next to initialing “JHS” (John H. Stover); now, is 14 total, not 11 total] Number of photos Receipt memo, 22 November 1963 From Stover to Kellerman [in typing:] “The following items of photographic material were placed in the custody of Mr. Roy H. Kellerman … 22 November 1963… 11 8 graphic film holders (4 x 5) containing 16 sheets of exposed Ektachrome E3 film 9 6 graphic film holders (4 x 5 ) containing 12 sheets exposed Portrait Pan film 1 roll 120 Ektachrome E3 exposed film. To my knowledge this is the total amount of film exposed on this occasion.” [The typed “8” and” 6” are crossed out in handwriting and “11” and “9” hand written in with adjacent initialing of “JHS” (John H. Stover). This change yields total 22 color films and total 18 black and white films]. SECTION III.D SUMMARY: The above record lists is a total of 14 X-rays and 22 (color) and 18 (black and white) photographic sheets. That is, the number of photographs and number of X-rays recorded as being in existence was the same the official final total numbers for each.

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Inference: Either (a) after time that the receipts were originally typed, 6 more color photos, 6 more black and white photos, and 3 more X-rays were taken, necessitating the subsequent handwritten corrections to the receipts by John H. Stover, or (b) there was such confusion at the scene that the official-for-the-record typed receipt was factually wrong on every point, of the number existing of color autopsy photos, black and white autopsy photos, and autopsy X-rays of the dead President.

IV. ACCOUNTING OF PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN AT THE JFK AUTOPSY If the following statements are correct: 1. The four different views in which the body is supine, the head supported in a metal stirrup, the forehead scalp not reflected forward, and no official wounds of entrance are shown, were all taken at the outset, before the dissection autopsy started, and all other photos were taken after the dissection autopsy started; and that no official autopsy photos taken at the autopsy are missing; and that all official autopsy photos taken of the body were taken in the autopsy room at the official autopsy; 2. The attempt to take color photos of the lung bruise occurred later than the initial ‘presdissection’ series, but before the “final stages” of the autopsy; 3. The ‘receipt’ for autopsy photographs typed by Boyer to the Secret Service, made “during the final stages” of the autopsy, was accurate that six black and white photos, and six color photos, had not yet been taken --- a circumstance supported by

a. Dr. Finck’s attestations as early as 1965 that he arrived after the brain was removed and helped take the shoulder wound entrance photo;

b. Doug Horne’s 1998 description that the color shoulder wound entrance photo at the National Archives (and not available for public viewing) shows two hands inserted into the cranial cavity (i.e., the photo was taken after the brain was removed) (Horne’s description was not subsequently disputed by anti-conspiracists Larry Sturdivan and Chad Zimmeran, who viewed the same photo at the National Archives after Horne published his description)

c. The back-of-the-head bullet entrance photos show the right forehead scalp is reflected forward out of view, and the scalp was not reflected forward until the dissection autopsy was underway, when the scalp was reflected as part of normal autopsy process to enable the brain to be removed (i.e., the back of the head entrance photos were taken after the brain was removed)

d. The attestations of many of the autopsy observers and participants that photography was occurring “throughout” the autopsy including at the end near the “body clean-up” stage

e. The statement by Dr. Humes that the predissection “identification-type” photos taken at the outset of the autopsy were made without any cleaning or disturbing of the hair, and his agreement with the HSCA that the color back-of-the-head, ‘wound entrance’ photo shows the hair wetted and spread apart

then organizational sequence of the autopsy photograph-taking below is the only one fits.

Page 16: A Chronology of Official Photography During the Autopsy of President John Kennedy

18 TOTAL 4 x 5” B&W PHOTO FILMS AT NATIONAL ARCHIVES (Note: the numbering system below is that used by the 1966 Naval Inventory of the photos) 12 B&W photographs (6 duplex cassettes) were taken before the ‘dissecting autopsy’ started (this number is recorded in typing on the typed up on official receipt record of photos) 4: "Left Side of Head and Shoulders" (numbers "1, 2, 3, 4") 2: "Right side of Head and Shoulders" (numbers "5, 6") 4: "Superior View of Head” (numbers “7, 8, 9, 10”) (two are ‘upper’ view’; two are ‘lower’ view) 2: “Right Anterior View of Head and Upper Torso, Including Tracheotomy Wound ("13,14") 6 B&W photographs (3 duplex cassettes) were made after Dr. Finck arrived (after the brain was removed), and were taken “during the final stages” of the autopsy (these are documented in handwriting onto the earlier typed official receipt for photographs) 2: “Missile Wound of Entrance in Posterior Skull” (numbers “17, 18”) 2: “Wound of Entrance in Right Occipital Region” (numbers “15, 16”) 2: “Posterior View of Wound of Entrance Of Missile High in Shoulder (numbers “11, 12”) 22 TOTAL COLOR PHOTO FILMS AT NATIONAL ARCHIVES 16 Color Photographs (8 duplex cassettes) were taken before the ‘dissecting autopsy’ started (this number is recorded in typing on the typed up on official receipt record of photos) 3: "Left Side of Head and Shoulders" (numbers "29, 30, 31") 3: "Right Side of Head and Shoulders" (numbers "26, 27, 28") 6: "Superior View of Head” (numbers “32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37”; (three are ‘upper’ view; three are ‘lower’ view) 2: “Right Anterior View of Head and Upper Torso, Including Tracheotomy Wound” (“40, 41”) 2 Unexposed Color Films (one of which was developed; these two films may relate to the “two” photos of the interior of the chest that the Stringer told the ARRB he remembered taking) 6 Color Photographs (3 duplex cassettes) were made after Dr. Finck arrived (after the brain was removed), and were taken “during the final stages” of the autopsy (these are documented in handwriting on to the earlier typed official receipt for photographs) 2: “Missile Wound of Entrance in Posterior Skull” (numbers “42, 43”) 2: “Wound of Entrance in Right Occipital Region” (numbers “44, 45”) 2: “Posterior View of Wound of Entrance Of Missile High in Shoulder (numbers “38, 39”)