A Case Study of Intercontinental Bank Plc on Motivation

8/12/2019 A Case Study of Intercontinental Bank Plc on Motivation

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[A CASE STUDY OF INTERCONTINENTAL BANK PLC]

BY

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Motivation i !on!"#n"$ %it& %&' ("o()" $o %&at t&"' $o. It an %"# *!& +*" tion a %&' $o,ana-"# o# %o# "# -ot o %o# an$ $o a -oo$ /o0. T&i t#i" to " ()ain %&at ,otivat" ("o()"to a!t t&" %a' t&"' $o2 %it& (#i,a#' 3o!* on t&" %o# ()a!". It i t&" (#i,a#' ta o3 t&",ana-"# to !#"at" an$ ,aintain an "nvi#on,"nt in %&i!& ",()o'"" !an %o# "33i!i"nt)' to#"a)i4" t&" o0/"!tiv" o3 t&" o#-ani4ation.

E,()o'"" $i33"# not on)' in t&"i# a0i)it' to %o# 0*t a) o in t&"i# %i)) to $o o 5,otivation6. To,otivat" i to in$*!"2 ("# *a$"2 ti,*)at"2 "v"n !o,(")2 an ",()o'"" to a!t in a ,ann"# %&i!&3*)3i)) t&" o0/"!tiv" o3 an o#-ani4ation. T&" ,otivation o3 ",()o'"" $"("n$ on t&" t#"n-t&o3 t&"i# ,otiv" . Motiv" a#" n""$ 2 %ant 2 $#iv" 2 o# i,(*) " %it&in t&" in$ivi$*a)2 an$ t&" "$"t"#,in" &*,an 0"&avio*#.

Motivation t&"n i t&" (#o!" o37

v A#o* in- 0"&avio*#.

v S* tainin- 0"&avio*# in (#o-#" 2 an$

v C&ann")in- 0"&avio*# into a ("!i3i! !o*# " o3 a!tion.

T&* 2 ,otiv" 5n""$ 2 $" i#" 6 in$*!" ",()o'"" to a!t. Motivation2 t&"#"3o#"2 i t&" inn"# tat"t&at "n"#-i" 2 !&ann") 2 an$ * tain &*,an 0"&avio*#.


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Sin!" it &a 0""n " ta0)i &"$ t&at a)) 0"&avio*# " !"(t invo)vin- #" (on " a#" -oa) $i#"!t"$2,ana-"# !an a(()' ,otivationa) t&"o#i" o3 ,ana-","nt in t&"i# att",(t to $i#"!t t&" /o00"&avio*# o3 ",()o'"" to%a#$ t&" -oa) o3 t&"i# " ta0)i &,"nt.

1.8 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

9o# "# )"av" o#-ani4ation $*" to t&" 3a!t t&at t&"' a#" not ,otivat"$ "no*-&. So," a#" not %i))in- to )"av" 0"!a* " t&"' a#" "n/o'in- o," 0"n"3it in t"#, o3 (#o,otion %&i!& )"a$ toin!#"a " in a)a#i" an$ %a-" 2 0on* " an$ o," ot&"# in!"ntiv" .

O#-ani4ation ,* t i,(#ov" t&" %o# ("#3o#,an!"2 (#o$*!tivit'2 i)) an$ a0i)it' o3 it",()o'"" . T&" (#o0)", i &o% to ,otivat" %o# "# to a!&i"vin- &i-&"# (#o$*!tivit'.

1.: RELE;ANT RESEARCH #" ("!t t#a$" *nion (o ition o3 it ",()o'"" =

?. A#" t&"#" $i33"#"n!" in t&" %a' ta33 an$ %o# "# a#" t?"at"$ in t&" o#-ani4ation=

@. I /oint !on *)tation (#a!ti!"$ (o itiv")'2 a a ,"t&o$ o3 o0tainin- ",()o'"" vi"% on(#o0)", an$ (#o(o "$ !&a#-" 0"3o#" 3ina) $"!i ion a#" ta "n=

1.? STATEMENT OF RESEARCH HYPOTHESES

T&" #" "a#!& &'(ot&" " a#"7

H'(ot&" i I7


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HO7 T&" ,o#" t&"#" i "33"!tiv" ,otivation2 t&" )" t&" ,o#a)" o3 ",()o'"" .

H17 T&" ,o#" t&"#" i "33"!tiv" ,otivation2 t&" ,o#" t&" ,o#a) o3 ",()o'"" .

H'(ot&" i II7

HO7 A$o(tion o3 ,otivationa) t"!&ni+*" %i)) a*to,ati!a))' $"!#"a " t&" %o# "# (#o$*!tivit'.

H17 A$o(tion o3 ,otivationa) t"!&ni+*" %i)) a*to,ati!a))' in!#"a " t&" %o# "# (#o$*!tivit'.

H'(ot&" i III7

HO7 t&" *!!" o3 an o#-ani4ation $o" not $"("n$ on t&" ,otivationa) (#o!"$*#" 0"in-a$o(t"$.

H17 T&" *!!" o3 an o#-ani4ation $"("n$ on t&" ,otivationa) (#o!"$*#" 0"in- a$o(t"$.

1.@ PURPOSE>OB ECTI;E OF THE STUDY

T&" t*$' i to a !"#tain t&" ,otivationa) a!tiviti" o3 Int"#!ontin"nta) 0an P)!.

a. To a !"#tain t&" a(()i!ation o3 t&" ,otivationa) t"!&ni+*" 0' t&" o#-ani4ation !on!"#n"$.

0. To no% t&" (#o0)", in&i0itin- t&" *!!" o3 t&" ",()o'"" ,otivation in t&" o#-ani4ation.

!. To no% t&" #" (on " o3 t&" ",()o'"" to ,otivationa) t"!&ni+*" a$o(t"$ 0' t&"o#-ani4ation.

$. To (#ovi$" o)*tion an$ #"!o,,"n$ation %&"#" n"!" a#' on t&" 0" t an$ "33"!tiv",otivationa) t"!&ni+*" * "$ in t&" o#-ani4ation.

1. SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

T&i (#o/"!t !ov"# t&" a ("!t o3 ,otivation in ("# *a$in-2 ti,*)atin- an$ !o,("))inan",()o'"" to a!t in a ,ann"# %&i!& 3*)3i)) t&" o0/"!tiv" o3 t&" o#-ani4ation.


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On" !annot 0*t a' t&at $ata !o))"!tion i t&" ,o t t"$io* o3 %#itin- t&" (#o/"!t.

Anot&"# )i,itation i t&at t&" #" "a#!&"# 0"in- a t*$"nt %&o &a to #"a$ ot&"# !o*# " a %"))a to ta " no#,a) )"!t*#" $*#in- t&" ("#io$ o3 t&" #" "a#!& ,a' 0" )i,it"$ 0' ti," -iv"n 3o# t&"

t*$' 0"in- too &o#t.

La t)'2 t&" 3*n$ !on t#aint in !a##'in- o*t t&i #" "a#!& (#o/"!t2 t&" !o t o3 -"ttin- ,at"#ia) an$in3o#,ation a %")) a t&"i# a$"+*a!i" %i)) a) o !on tit*t" t&" )i,itation o3 t&" t*$'.

1. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

T&" i-ni3i!an!" o3 t&i t*$' !annot 0" ov"# ",(&a i4"$. It %i)) 0" 0a " $on t&" " a,ination o3t&" ,otivation (#a!ti!" in Int"#!ontin"nta) Ban P)!2 an$ to no% t&" " t"nt to %&i!& it i 0"in-!a##i"$ o*t2 t&" "33"!t on t&" %o# "# 2 t&" o#-ani4ation an$ t&" !o*nt#' at )a#-". Mo#" o2 toa!+*aint t&" va#io* ,ana-"# an$ $i33"#"nt !at"-o#i" o3 ",()o'"" to t&" n""$ to ",0#a!",otivation %&i!& %i)) -o a)on- %a' in a!&i"vin- &i-&"# (#o$*!tivit'.

B" i$" 2 t&o " t*$"nt in t&" 3i")$ o3 a$,ini t#ation %i)) 3in$ it "$*!ativ"2 int"#" tin- an$!&a))"n-inin t&at2 t&" va#io* a!tiviti" an$ t"!&ni+*" o3 ,otivation a#" #"v"a)"$ an$ )o-i!a))'ana)'4"$.

La t)'2 t&i (#o/"!t %i)) 0" o3 va)*" to t&o " %&o ,a' %ant to !a##' o*t i,i)a# #" "a#!& in t&"n"a#" t 3*t*#".

1. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF INTERCONTINENTAL BANK PLC

Int"#!ontin"nta) Ban P)! !a," into " i t"n!" in Ma#!&2 1 a a (#o$*!t o3 t&" (a#tn"# &i(0"t%""n o," vi iona#' an$ $'na,i! Ni-"#ian 0* in" ,"n2 to (#ovi$" innovativ" an$!* to,"# 3o!* "$ (#o$*!t an$ "#vi!" t&at %i)) ati 3' t&" (*0)i! -#o%in- n""$ 3o#

o(&i ti!at"$ 0an in- "#vi!" . Sin!" it in!"(tion t&"n a Ni-"#ian Int"#!ontin"nta) M"#!&antBan Li,it"$2 t&" 0an &a 0""n (#ovi$in- a %i$" a##a' o3 (#o$*!t an$ "#vi!" !ov"#in-inv" t,"nt 0an in-2 #"tai) an$ 3*n$ ,ana-","nt.


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Sin!" it $"0*t in t "& !o,,"#!ia) 0an in- 3i")$2 Int"#!ontin"nta) Ban P)! &a (*# *"$ ana--#" iv" 0#an!& n"t%o# " (an ion (#o-#a,,". A at Ma#!&2 8 @2 t&" Ban &a :0#an!&" ,a in- it i t& )a#-" t 0an in t&" !o*nt#' in t"#, o3 n"t%o# .

A o!ia))' #" (on i0)" o#-ani4ation2 Int"#!ontin"nta) Ban ,aintain a )on- tan$in- (o)i!' o3!o#(o#at" #" (on i0i)it' to t&" !o,,*niti" in %&i!& it o("#at" 2 an$ &a ,a$" i,(a!t in t&"a#"a o3 (*0)i! &"a)t& an$ "$*!ation.

In *)'2 1 12 t&" Ban !onv"#t"$ to a !o,,"#!ia) 0an an$ )at"# o0tain"$ a Univ"# a) Ban in-Li!"n " to avai) ,an' ,o#" !* to,"# o3 it *ni+*" (#o$*!t an$ "#vi!" a %")) a ta( intoot&"# ,a# "t o((o#t*niti" in t&" Ni-"#ian "!ono,'. Fo))o%in- a #" o)*tion o3 t&" Boa#$ inO!to0"#2 8 12 t&" Ban !&an-"$ to a P*0)i! Li,it"$ Lia0i)it' Co,(an' in *n"2 8 8 an$3o))o%"$ it *( in *)' a," '"a# %it& an Initia) P*0)i! O33"#in- 5IPO6. T&" !a(ita)i4ation o3 t&"

Ban %a 3*#t&"# 0oo t"$ %it& N:.@ 0i))ion 0"in- (#o!""$ o3 t&" IPO an$ 0' ,i$ 8 ?2 t&"Ban &a#"&o)$"# 3*n$ &a$ -#o%n to N1 0i))ion 0"3o#" t&" n"% ,ini,*, !a(ita) 0a " o3N8@ 0i))ion %a "t 0' t&" #"-*)ato# . Con "+*"nt)'2 t&" Ban #"t*#n"$ to t&" !a(ita) ,a# "t an$#ai "$ n"% 3*n$ tota)in- N88.? 0i))ion t&"#"0' -#o%in- it &a#"&o)$"# 3*n$ to N:?. 0i))ion.T&" Ban &a#" a#" )i t"$ on t&" Ni-"#ian Sto! E !&an-" 5NSE6.

1.1 DEFINITION OF TERMS

Motivation7 T&i i t&" (#o!" o3 a#o* in- 0"&avio*#2 * tainin- 0"&avio*# in (#o-#" 2 an$

!&ann")in- 0"&avio*# into a ("!i3i! !o*# " o3 a!tion.

Mana-","nt7 T&i i t&" (#o!" o3 -"ttin- t&in- $on" to*-& ("o()". It invo)v" ()annin-2o#-ani4in-2 ta332 $i#"!tin-2 !oo#$inatin- an$ !ont#o))in- 0ot& &*,an an$ ,at"#ia) #" o*#!" 3o#t&" (*#(o " o3 a!&i"vin- a "t -oa).

R" (on i0i)it'7 T&i i t&" *0o#$inat" o0)i-ation to ("#3o#, a $*t' %&i!& &a 0""n a i-n"$ to&i,.

L"a$"# &i(7 I a (#o!" o3 * in- non !o"#!iv" in3)*"n!" to $i#"!t an$ !oo#$inat" t&" a!tiviti"o3 -#o*( ,",0"# to%a#$ -oa) a!!o,()i &,"nt.


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Mana-"#7 I on" %&o ("#3o#, t&" 3*n!tion o3 ,ana-","nt 5()annin-2 o#-ani4in-2 ta33in-2 "t!6an$ o!!*(i"# a 3o#,a) (o ition in an o#-ani4ation.

O#-ani4ation7 T&i &a to $o %it& $"t"#,ination an$ (#ovi ion o3 !a(ita)2 ,at"#ia)2 "+*i(,"ntan$ ("# onn") t&at ,a' 0" #"+*i#"$ in an "nt"#(#i " in o#$"# to a!&i"v" t&" "t -oa) .

O#-ani4ationa) St#*!t*#"7 T&i i t&" " ta0)i &"$ (att"#n o3 #")ation &i( a,on- t&" !o,(on"nto3 t&" o#-ani4ation.

O#-ani4ationa) C&a#t7 It i a $ia-#a, t&at &o% t&" a##an-","nt2 (o ition an$ int"##")ation &i(o3 va#io* !o,(on"nt (a#t o3 !o,(an'.

E,()o'""7 T&i i a ("# on %&o i (ai$ to %o# 3o# an o#-ani4ation o# 0* in" "nt"#(#i ".

B"&avio*#7 I t&" ,ann"# t&at o,"on"2 an ani,a)2 a ()ant "t! $o t&inin a (a#ti!*)a# %a'.

D"(a#t,"nt7 An' o3 t&" $ivi ion o# *nit o3 a -ov"#n,"nt2 0* in" 2 !&oo) o# !o))"-" an$ o on.

E,()o'"" S"#vi!" 7 T&i i t&" ,aintainin- o3 t&" -"n"#a) %")3a#" o3 ",()o'"" on t&" /o0 an$a i tin- %it& (#o0)", #")at"$ to t&"i# "!*#it' an$ ("# ona) %"))0"in- ".-. ,"$i!a) "#vi!"an$ in *#an!" (#ot"!tion.

REFERENCES

A/a'i N") on 51 167 Mana-"#ia) P)annin- an$ Cont#o)2 I0a$an7 U.I. P#" Li,it"$.


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A int*n$"2 A.D. 58 @67 Ho% to Motivat" 9o# "# to A!&i"v" Hi-&"# P#o$*!tivit'2 Un(*0)i &"$ND B* in" St*$i" Po)'t"!&ni! I0a$an2 O'o Stat".

Don")' Gi0 on 51 ?67 F*n$a,"nta) o3 Mana-","nt P)an2 N"% Yo# 7 T" a B* in"Co,(an'.

Int"#!ontin"nta) Ban P)! 58 @67 Ann*a) R"(o#t an$ A!!o*nt .

Ko)a%o)"2 E.O. 58 867 T&" E33"!tiv"n" o3 A*$ito# R"(o#t on Mana-","nt D"!i ion Ma in- o3So," S")"!t"$ Co,(ani" in t&" In *#an!" In$* t#'2 Un(*0)i &"$ B.S!. A!!o*ntin- Univ"# it'o3 A$o2 E iti2 Davi$ Bin$"# (a#tn"# 2 La-o .

CHAPTER T9O

RE;IE9 OF LITERATURE

8.1 INTRODUCTION

B* in" o#-ani4ation " i t to (#o$*!" -oo$ an$ "#vi!" 2 %&i!& t&"' &o(" to " !&an-" 3o#,on"' to ,a i,i4" (#o3it. In t&" (*# *it o3 t&" " $"3in"$ o0/"!tiv" 2 t&" o#-ani4ation (#o!*#"#" o*#!" an$ (#o!" "$ t&", into o*t(*t. O3 t&" #" o*#!" a!+*i#"$2 t&" &*,an 3a!to# &a0""n $" !#i0"$ a t&" ,o t i-ni3i!ant 0"!a* " i3 not (#o("#)' ,ana-"$2 it !an $")i0"#at")'#"ta#$ o#-ani4ationa) "33"!tiv"n" .

Evi$"n!" a0o*n$ to att" t to t&" 3a!t t&at a)) ",()o'"" $o not " "#t t&" a," "33o#t to%a#$o#-ani4ationa) -oa) o# in ot&"# %o#$ 2 o," ",()o'"" a!&i"v" 0"tt"# #" *)t t&an ot&"# .

To a!&i"v" #" *)t 2 ",()o'"" %i)) " &i0it t&" #"+*i#"$ /o0 0"&avio*#. T&" $i)",,a t&at,ana-"# 3a!" in to$a' 0* in" i &o% t&"' !o*)$ -"t ",()o'"" to " &i0it t&" #"+*i#"$ /o0

0"&avio*# in t&" %o# ()a!". Sin!" it &a 0""n " ta0)i &"$ t&at a)) 0"&avio*# " !"(t invo)*nta#'#" (on " a#" -oa) $i#"!t"$2 ,ana-"# !an a(()' ,otivationa) t&"o#i" o3 ,ana-","nt in t&"i#att",(t to $i#"!t t&" /o0 0"&avio*# o3 ",()o'"" to%a#$ t&" -oa) o3 t&"i# " ta0)i &,"nt.

8.8 MODELS AND THEORIES ON MOTI;ATION


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A n*,0"# o3 !on!"(t &av" 0""n " ta0)i &"$ to " ()ain t&" (&"no,"non o3 &*,an ,otivation.It i * "3*) to !)a i3' t&" " !on!"(t into t%o 0#oa$ !at"-o#i" 2 %&i!& a#"7 Cont"nt t&"o#i" an$P#o!" t&"o#i" .

CONTENT THEORIES

T&" " ",(&a i4"$ #"a on 3o# ,otivat"$ 0"&avio*# an$ o# %&at !a* " it. T&"' " ()ain0"&avio*# in t"#, o3 ("!i3i! Jn""$ o# J,otiv" 5t&" t%o t"#, * "$ int"#!&an-"a0)' &"#"6.Cont"nt t&"o#i" &")( to #"(#" "nt (&' io)o-i!a) o# ( '!&o)o-i!a) $"3i!i"n!i" t&at an in$ivi$*a)3"") o," !o,(*) ion to ")i,inat". So," o3 t&" ,a/o# !ont"nt t&"o#i" a#"7

v Hi"#a#!&' o3 n""$ A0#a&a, Ma )o%

v ERG C)a'ton A)$"#3"#

v T%o Fa!to# T&"o#' F#"$#i! H"#t40"#-

v L"a#n"$ N""$ T&"o#' Davi$ M!C)"))an$.

a. HIERARCHY OF NEEDS

In 1 ?:2 A0#a&a, Ma )o% in a ",ina# (a("# tit)"$2 A T&"o#' o3 H*,an Motivation (#o(o "$t&at a ("# on ,otivationa) n""$ !o*)$ 0" a##an-"$ in a &i"#a#!&i!a) o#$"#. In&"#"nt in t&i&i"#a#!&i!a) o#$"# o3 n""$ i t&at on!" a -iv"n )"v") o3 n""$ i ati 3i"$2 it no )on-"# "#v" to,otivat" #at&"# t&" n" t &i-&"# )"v") o3 n""$ &a to 0" a!tivat"$ in o#$"# to ,otivat" t&"

in$ivi$*a). Ma )o% i$"nti3i" 3iv" )"v") o3 n""$ 2 %&i!& a#"7 P&' io)o-i!a) N""$ 7 T&" " a#" t&" 0a i! &*,an n""$ to * tain )i3" a 3oo$2 !)ot&in-2 an$&")t"#. Unti) t&" " 0a i! n""$ a#" ati 3i"$ to t&" $"-#"" n""$"$2 n""$ 3o# t&" *33i!i"nt

o("#ation o3 t&" 0o$'2 t&" ,a/o#it' o3 a ("# on a!tivit' %i)) (#o0a0)' 0" a t t&i )"v") an$ ot&"#n""$ %i)) (#ovi$" )itt)" o# no ,otivation. B*t on!" t&" (&' io)o-i!a) n""$ &av" 0""n ati 3i"$2ot&"# )"v") o3 n""$ 0"!o," i,(o#tant an$ t&" " ,otivat" an$ $o,inat" t&" 0"&avio*# o3 t&"in$ivi$*a).

Sa3"t' o# S"!*#it' N""$ 7 T&" " n""$ a#" " "ntia)2 t&" $" i#" to 0" 3#"" o3 t&" 3"a# o3(&' i!a) $an-"# an$ t&" $"(#ivation o3 t&" 0a i! (&' io)o-i!a) n""$ . T&i i a n""$ 3o# ")3(#" "#vation an$ t&" !on!"#n 3o# t&" 3*t*#". I3 an in$ivi$*a) a3"t' o# "!*#it' n""$ i in$an-"#2 ot&"# t&in- "", *ni,(o#tant. Ma )o% t#" "$ ",otiona) a %")) a (&' i!a) a3"t'.

T&" %&o)" o#-ani , ,a' 0"!o," a a3"t' "" in- o#-ani , . Y"t2 a it i t#*" o3 t&"(&' io)o-i!a) n""$ 2 on!" t&" " a3"t' n""$ a#" ati 3i"$2 t&"' no )on-"# ,otivat".


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So!ia) o# A33i)iation N""$7 In t&" o#i-ina) v"# ion o3 Ma )o% t&"o#'2 &" * "$ t&" %o#$ Lov"to $" !#i0" t&" n""$ 3o# att"ntion an$ a33i)iation. T&i &o%"v"# &a 0""n ,o$i3i"$ 0' t&" (o tMa )o% t&"o#i t 3o# t&" %o#$ )ov" ,a' in!)*$" " *a) #")ation &i(2 %&i!& i a (&' io)o-i!a) n""$.So!ia) n""$ in!)*$" t&" n""$ to 0")on- an$ 0" a!!"(t"$ 0' ("o()"2 t&i a) o ,"an0")on-in-n" 2 a!!"(tan!" an$ 3#i"n$ &i(.

E t"", N""$ 7 T&" " t"", n""$ #"(#" "nt ")3 " t"", an$ #"!o-nition 3#o, ot&"# . T&"ati 3a!tion o3 t&" " n""$ (#o$*!" 3"")in- o3 ")3 !on3i$"n!"2 (#" ti-"2 (o%"# an$ !ont#o).

P"o()" 0"in- to 3"") t&at t&"' a#" * "3*) an$ &av" o," "33"!t on t&"i# "nvi#on,"nt.

S")3 A!t*a)i4ation7 T&i i t&" n""$ to ,a i,i4" on" (ot"ntia) %&at"v"#2 it ,a' 0" aMa )o% " (#" "$ it2 9&at a ,an 0"2 &" ,* t 0" . It i a) o t&" $" i#" to 0"!o," %&at on" i!a(a0)" o3 0"!o,in-. T&" " n""$ a (#" "nt"$ 0' Ma )o% !an 0" a##an-"$ in a &i"#a#!&'

(#" "nt"$ 0")o%.

S")3

A!t*a)i4ation

E t"",

So!ia) N""$

Sa3"t' N""$

P&' io)o-i!a) N""$

Hi-&"# N""$

Lo%"# N""$

So*#!"7 C&"#in-ton2 D. . O#-ani4ationa) B"&avio*#2

8n$ E$ition2 Ma A))'n an$ Ba!on2 1 ?71: 5A$a(t"$6


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0. THE ERG THEORY OF MOTI;ATION

T&" ERG T&"o#' (#o(o*n$"$ 0' C)a'ton A)$"#3"# i in$""$ a #"a!tion o3 Ma )o% T&"o#'. H"a#-*"$ t&at t&"#" a#" t"" !o#" n""$ %&i!& &" !)a i3i"$ a E i t"n!"2 R")at"$n" an$G#o%t& 5ERG6.

T&" E i t"n!" n""$ &a to $o %it& t&" ati 3a!tion o3 o*# 0a i! ,at"#ia) #"+*i#","nt *!& a3oo$2 %at"#2 (a' an$ %o# in- !on$ition 2 t&"' !an 0" !)a i3i"$ a (&' io)o-i!a) an$ a3"t'n""$ .

T&" #")at"$n" n""$ i i,i)a# to t&" o!ia) #o)" n""$ o3 Ma )o% T&"o#' an$ t&i in!)*$"o!ia) an$ int"#("# ona) #")ation &i(.

Fina))'2 t&" G#o%t& n""$ a#" int#in i! $" i#" 3o# ("# ona) $"v")o(,"nt o# ,a in- !#"ativ"(#o$*!tiv" !ont#i0*tion.

F*#t&"#,o#"2 A)$"#3"# a#-*"$ t&at i3 t&" -#ati3i!ation o3 a &i-&"# )"v") o#$"# n""$ i ti3)"$2 t&"$" i#" to ati 3' a )o%"# )"v") n""$ in!#"a " i.". 3#* t#ation2 #"-#" ion an$ $i,"n ion. In ot&"#

%o#$ 2 i3 a ("# on 3ai) to ati 3' a &i-&"# )"v") n""$2 &"> &" ,ov" 0a! to a )o%"# )"v") n""$2

%&i!& t&"n a!t a a ,otivatin- 3o#!".

T&i 3#* t#ation #"-#" iv" $i,"n ion !an 0" i))* t#at"$ 0")o%.

F#* t#ation o3

G#o%t& N""$

I,(o#tan!" o3 G#o%t& N""$

Sati 3a!tion o3 G#o%t& N""$

F#* t#ation o3

R")at"$n" E i t"n!"

I,(o#tan!" o3 R")at"$n" N""$

Sati 3a!tion o3 R")at"$n" N""$


11/63

F#* t#ation o3

E i t"n!" N""$

I,(o#tan!" o3 E i t"n!" N""$

Sati 3a!tion o3 E i t"n!" N""$

So*#!"7 Gi0 on Ivan!"vi!& an$ Donn"))' 1 2 O#-ani4ationa) I#%in. M!G#a% Hi))2 Bo ton.

!. LEARNED NEEDS THEORY

Davi$ M!C)"))an$ (#o(o "$ )"a#n"$ n""$ o3 ,otivation2 %&i!& a!!o#$in- to &i, i a o!iat"$

%it& )"a#nin- !on!"(t . H" i$"nti3i"$ t"" n""$ t&at ,otivat" ("o()". t&" " a#"7

T&" n""$ 3o# a!&i"v","nt .

T&" n""$ 3o# a33i)iation.

T&" n""$ 3o# (o%"#.

T&" n""$ 3o# a!&i"v","nt7 T&i i t&" n""$>$" i#" to "t !&a))"n-in- -oa) 2 %o# to a!&i"v" t&"-oa) o# t&" $#iv" to " !") in #")ation to "t tan$a#$ . T&" n""$ 3o# a!&i"v","nt i $"3in"$ 0'

t&" 3o))o%in- $" i#" 2 to a!!o,()i & o,"t&in- $i33i!*)t7 to ,a t"#2 ,ani(*)at" o# o#-ani4"(&' i!a) o0/"!t &*,an 0"in- o# i$"a . To #iva) an$ *#(a ot&"# . To in!#"a " ")3 #"-a#$ 0't&" *!!" 3*) " "#!i " o3 ta)"nt.

T&" n""$ 3o# a33i)iation7 T&i i t&" n""$ to 0" )i "$ an$ a!!"(t"$ 0' ot&"# . P"o()" %it& t&"n""$ t#iv" 3o# 3#i"n$ &i(2 (#"3"# !oo("#ativ" it*ation #at&"# t&an !o,("titiv" it*ation an$


12/63

$" i#" #")ation &i( invo)vin- a &i-& $"-#"" o3 ,*t*a) *n$"# tan$in-. P"o()" %it& a &i-& n""$ 3o#a33i)iation (#"3"# to ("n$ ,o#" ti," ,aintainin- o!ia) #")ation &i(2 /oinin- -#o*( 2 "t!.in$ivi$*a) %it& a &i-& $"-#"" o3 t&i n""$ a#" not "33"!tiv" ,ana-"# o# )"a$"# 0"!a* " t&"'

%i)) 3in$ it $i33i!*)t to ,a " $"!i ion %it&o*t %o##'in- a0o*t t&" 3"")in- o3 ot&"# o# 0"in-$i )i "$ 0' ot&"# .

T&" n""$ 3o# (o%"#7 T&i i t&" $i )i " to &av" i,(a!t2 to 0" in3)*"n!" an$ to !ont#o) ot&"# .T&"' a) o &av" t&" $" i#" to !oa!&2 t"a!& o# "n!o*#a-" ot&"# to a!&i"v"2 t&"' )ov" to %o#an$ a#" !on!"#n"$ %it& $i !i()in" an$ ")3 #" ("!t. T&" n""$ 3o# (o%"# &a 0ot& n"-ativ" an$(o itiv" i$" . T&" n"-ativ" i$" i ,ani3" t"$ in a %inn"# ta " a)) ,"nta)it' ".-. i3 I %in2 'o*)o " . T&" (o itiv" i$" i 3o!* "$ on a!!o,()i &in- -#o*( -oa) an$ &")(in- ot&"# o0tain t&"3"")in- o3 !o,("t"n!".

PROCESS THEORIES OF MOTI;ATION

T&" " a#" t&"o#i" t&at $" !#i0" an$ ana)'4"$ &o% 0"&avio*# i "n"#-i4"$2 $i#"!t"$2 * tain"$an$ to(("$. 9&i)" it i t#*" t&at ("o()" %o# in o#$"# to ati 3' t&"i# n""$ 2 o," ",()o'""

%ant to %o# an$ $o -oo$ /o0 an$ in o," !a "2 ",()o'"" ,a' " &i0it "33o#t 0"'on$ t&" )"v") %&"#" t&" #"%a#$ *#(a "$ t&"i# n""$. It i t&"#"3o#" t&" $*t' o3 ,ana-","nt to (#ovi$" an"nvi#on,"nt t&at 3a!i)itat" &i-& )"v") o3 ("#3o#,an!". B"!a* " at t&i (oint2 %&at ,otivat" t&"",()o'"" i not t&" $" i#" to ati 3' t&"i# n""$ 0*t #at&"# 3a!to# in t&" "nvi#on,"nt. T&i it&" 0a i o3 t&" (#o!" t&"o#i" o3 ,otivation.

T"" o3 t&" (#o!" t&"o#i" o3 ,otivation %i)) 0" $i !* "$ &"#"2 t&" " a#"7

Goa) "ttin- t&"o#'.

E ("!tan!' t&"o#'.

E+*it' t&"o#'.

a. Goa) S"ttin- T&"o#'7 T&i t&"o#' %a (#o(o*n$"$ 0' E$%in Lo! " 51 6

Di#"!tin- On"

Att"ntion

R"-*)atin- On" E33o#t

In!#"a in- On" P"#3o#,an!"

En!o*#a-in- o3 t&" D"v")o(,"nt o3 Goa) Attain,"nt St#at"-i" o3 A!tion P)an


13/63

Goa) Motivat" t&" In$ivi$*a)

B'

Ta P"#3o#,an!"

A T&"o#' o3 Goa) S"ttin- an$ Ta P"#3o#,an!".

A!!o#$in- to t&" a0ov" ,o$") (#o(o "$ 0' Lo! "2 -oa) "ttin- &av" 3o*# ,otivationa),"!&ani , 7

a. Goa) Di#"!t Att"ntion7 0"&avio*# a#" -oa) o#i"nt"$. Goa) t&at a#" ("# ona))' ,"anin-3*)t"n$ to 3o!* on" att"ntion on %&at i #")"vant an$ i,(o#tant. T&i i 0"!a* " t&" ("#!"iv"$o*t!o," o3 *!& 0"&avio*# i $" i#"$ an$ !&"#i &"$ 0' t&" ("# on " &i0itin- t&" 0"&avio*#.

0. Goa) R"-*)at" E33o#t7 T&" )"v") o3 "33o#t " &i0it"$ i (#o(o#tionat" to t&" $i33i!*)t' o3 t&" -oa).In ot&"# %o#$ 2 a -oa) t&at a(("a# $i33i!*)t to attain %i)) ")i!it a -#"at"# "33o#t i3 ("# ona))'$" i#"$. On t&" ot&"# &an$2 "a i)' attain"$ -oa) %i)) #"+*i#" )itt)" "33o#t .

!. Goa) In!#"a " P"# i t"n!"7 P"# i t"n!" &"#" ,"an t&" "33o#t " ("n$"$ on a ta ov"# an" t"n$"$ ("#io$ o3 ti,". In t&" (*# *an!" o3 an o0/"!tiv" o# a -oa)2 $i33i!*)ti" ,a' a#i "2 t&"#"i a)%a' t&" t"n$"n!' 3o# ("o()" to a0an$on t&" (*# *it o3 t&i -oa) o# o0/"!tiv" %&"#" t&"' a#"


14/63

not ("# ona))' invo)v"$ in t&" "ttin- o3 t&" -oa). On t&" !ont#a#'2 %&"n ("o()" a#" invo)v" $int&" -oa) "ttin- (#o!" 2 t&"' a#" )i ")' t o ("# i t in t&"i# "33o#t to%a#$ attainin- t&" -oa) .

$. Goa) Fo t"# St#at"-i" an$ A!tion P)an 7 S"ttin- o3 -oa) o# tatin- ("#3o#,an!" tan$a#$ it&" 3i# t t"( to%a#$ attainin- t&" " -oa) . Ho%"v"#2 it i i,(o#tant to a t&" +*" tion2 Ho%a#" t&" -oa) -oin- to 0" a!&i"v"$= 9&"n -oa) a#" "t2 it "n!o*#a-" ("o()" -oin- to 0"a!&i"v"$. 9&"n -oa) a#" "t2 it "n!o*#a-" ("o()" to $"v")o( t#at"-i" an$ a!tion ()an t&at

%i)) "na0)" t&", a!&i"v" t&" -oa) .

;ROOM S E PECTANCY THEORY

In 1 ?2 ;i!to# ;#oo, (#o(o "$ an E ("!tan!' T&"o#' o3 Motivation in %&i!& &" $"3in"$,otivation a a (#o!" -ov"#nin- !&oi!" a,on- a)t"#nativ" 3o#, o3 vo)*nta#' a!tivit'.

To *n$"# tan$ t&" in$ivi$*a) !&oi!" o3 vo)*nta#' a!tiviti" 2 it i i,(o#tant to 3i# t a((#"!iat"!"#tain !on!"(t t&at a#" ",0"$$"$ in t&" " ("!tan!' t&"o#'. T&" " !on!"(t a#"7

O*t!o,"7 T&i i t&" #" *)t o3 $oin- a (a#ti!*)a# t&in-. T&" o*t!o," !an 0" 3i# t )"v") o#"!on$ )"v"). T&" 3i# t )"v") o*t!o," a#" t&" (#o$*!t o3 0"&avio*# a o!iat"$ %it& $oin- t&"

/o0 *!& a (#o$*!tivit' an$ a0 "nt""i ,2 %&i)" t&" "!on$ )"v") o*t!o," a#" t&" (#o$*!t o3t&" 3i# t )"v") o*t!o,"2 %&i!& in!)*$" (*ni &,"nt an$ #"%a#$.

In t#*,"nta)it'7 T&i i t&" in$ivi$*a) ("#!"(tion o# 0")i"3 t&at t&" 3i# t )"v") o*t!o," ia o!iat"$ %it& t&" "!on$ )"v") o*t!o,". In t#*,"nta)it' #an-" 3#o, 1 to Q 1.

1 In t#*,"nta)it' i t&" ("#!"(tion t&at attain,"nt o3 "!on$ )"v") o*t!o," i !"#tain %it&o*tt&" 3i# t )"v") o*t!o," an$ t&at "!on$ )"v") o*t!o," i i,(o i0)" %it& 3i# t )"v") o*t!o,".

Q1 in t#*,"nta)it' i t&" ("#!"(tion t&at 3i# t )"v") o*t!o," i n"!" a#' an$ *33i!i"nt 3o# t&"

"!on$ )"v") o*t!o," to o!!*#.

In t#*,"nta)it' i t&" ("#!"(tion t&at t&"#" i no )in a-" 0"t%""n 3i# t )"v") an$ "!on$ )"v")o*t!o," .


15/63

;a)"n!"7 T&i i t&" (#"3"#"n!" 3o# o*t!o,". A,on- t&" "!on$ )"v") o*t!o," %&i!& o3t&", $o t&" t*$"nt 3o# " a,()" (#"3"#= Do" t&" t*$"nt $" i#" an A2B2C2D2E2 o# F !o#" int&" " a,ination o# a 3i# t !)a 2 "!on$ !)a *(("#2 "!on$ !)a )o%"#2 t&i#$ !)a o# (a =

E ("!tan!'7 T&i #"3"# to t&" in$ivi$*a) 0")i"3 !on!"#nin- t&" )i ")i&oo$ o# *0/"!tiv"(#o0a0i)it' t&at a (a#ti!*)a# 0"&avio*# %i)) 0" 3o))o%"$ 0' a (a#ti!*)a# o*t!o,". T&at i an" &i0it"$ 0"&avio*# !an ")i!it a (a#ti!*)a# o*t!o,". E ("!tan!' #an-" 3#o, to Q 1.

O E ("!tan!'7 T&i i,()i" t&at t&"#" i no !&an!" o3 t&" o!!*##"n!" o3 an o*t!o," a3t"# t&"0"&avio*#.

Q1 E ("!tan!'7 T&i i,()i" t&at t&" o*t!o," %i)) !"#tain)' 3o))o% t&" 0"&avio*#.

Fo#!" 5M67 T&i i "+*at"$ to ,otivation. T&" int"nt o3 " ("!tan!' t&"o#' i to a " t&",a-nit*$" an$ $i#"!tion o3 a)) t&" 3o#!" a!tin- on t&" in$ivi$*a). T&" a!t a o!iat"$ %it& t&"-#"at" t 3o#!" i ,o t )i ")' to o!!*#.

A0i)it' 5A67 T&i #"3"# to a ("# on (ot"ntia) 3o# $oin- a /o0. A0i)it' !o*)$ 0" (&' i!a) o#,"nta).

;#oo, * "$ a ,at&",ati!a) "+*ation to int"-#at" t&" " !on!"(t into a (#"$i!tiv" ,o$") o3,otivationa) 3o#!". E ("!tan!' t&"o#' i t&"#"3o#" 0a "$ on t&" 3o))o%in- (#in!i()" 7

; E 5;8 I6 i.". t&" va)"n!" a o!iat"$ %it& t &" va#io* 3i# t )"v") o*t!o," i a *, o3 t&",*)ti()i!ation o3 va)"n!" 5;86 atta!&"$ to a)) "!on$ )"v") o*t!o," %it& t&"i# #" ("!tiv"in t#*,"nta)it' 5I6.

586 M F 5;I E67 Motivation i a ,*)ti()i!ativ" o3 t&" va)"n!" 3o# "a!& 3i# t )"v") o*t!o," 5;I6an$ t&" ("#!"iv"$ " ("!tan!' 5E6 t&at a -iv"n 0"&avio*# % i)) 0" 3o))o%"$ 0' a (a#ti!*)a# 3i# t)"v") o*t!o,". I3 " ("!tan!' i )o%2 t&"#" %i)) 0" )o% ,otivation.


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5:6 P F 5M A67 T&" ("#3o#,an!" o3 a /o0 i a ,*)ti()i!ativ" 3*n!tion o3 ,otivation 53o#!" 6 an$a0i)it'.

E &" -"t in " !&an-" %it& &i >&"# in(*t . Fa!to# to 0" !on i$"#"$ *n$"# o*t!o," %&"n ,a in- "+*it' !o,(a#i ,in!)*$"7

Pa'>0on* " .


17/63

F#in- 0"n"3it.

C&a))"n-in- a i-n,"nt.

o0 "!*#it'.

Ca#""# a$van!","nt.

Stat* ',0o) .

P)"a ant> a3" %o# in- "nvi#on,"nt.

O((o#t*nit' 3o# ("# ona) -#o%t&>$"v")o(,"nt.

FREDERICK HERT BERG HYGIENE THEORY

Hi a((#oa!& i i,i)a# to t&at o3 Ma )o% t&o*-& ,o#" (#a!ti!a). H" &a 0#o "n ,otivation intot%o. T&" &'-i"n">$i ati 3i"# an$ t&" ,otivato# > ati 3i"#. T&" )o%"# )"v") n""$ a#" i$"nti3i"$ aH'-i"n" 3a!to# an$ t "& &i-&"# )"v") n""$ a#" ,otivato# . S"!*#it' n""$ an$ t&" o!ia) n""$

%&i)" t&" &i-&"# )"v") n""$ !o,(#i " t&" "-o>" t"", n""$ an$ t&" ")3 a!t*a)i4ation n""$ .

H'-i"n" 3a!to# a#" t&o " a0 "n!" o3 %&i!& !a* " $i ati 3a!tion an$ in$i33"#"n!" %&"n(#" "nt ".-. a)a#'2 %o# in- !on$ition2 int"# ("# ona) #")ation *("#vi ion !o,(an' (o)i!' an$a$,ini t#ation. Motivato# a#" t&o " t&" a0 "n!" o3 %&i!& $o" not $",otivat" %o# "# %&i)"t&" (#" "n!" #"a))' ,otivat" t&", ".-. R" (on i0i)it'2 !a#""# -#o%t& an$ a$van!","nt2a!&i"v","nt #"!o-nition an$ /o0 "n#i!&,"nt.

HENRY L. GANTT 5TASK AND BONUS SYSTEM6

H" %a a !ont",(o#a#' o3 Ta')o# in t&" ,ana-","nt ,ov","nt. Gantt %a on" o3 t&" 3i# t to-iv" ,a/o# att"ntion to &*,an #")ation in in$* t#' (a#ti!*)a#)' &*,ani4in- ,ana-","nt

!i"n!"2 a $i tin-*i &"$ 3#o, Ta')o# ",(&a i on 3inan!ia) in!"ntiv" . 9"))2 Gantt 3i# to#i-ina) !ont#i0*tion to ,ana-","nt !i"n!" %a &i !on!"(t o3 t&" Ta an$ Bon* ' t", o3

%a-" (a',"nt2 %&i!& $i33"#"$ 3#o, Ta')o# (i"!" #at" ' t", in t&at Gantt 0")i"v"$ t&at!i"nti3i! ,ana-","nt &o*)$ "ntai) t&" t*$' o3 (#o0)", a!!o#$in- to t&" !i"nti3i! ,"t&o$ 2

,o#" o t&" " ta o# in!"ntiv" to ,otivat". A!!o#$in- to &i,2 %&"n t&" " a#" a!!o,()i &"$2"33i!i"n!' %i)) 0" "n&an!"$.

Anot&"# nota0)" !ont#i0*tion o3 Gantt in t&i ,ov","nt i t&" 3a!t t&at &" t#" "$ t&" (oint t&att&" t#ainin- o3 %o# "# &o*)$ 0" t&" o)" #" (on i0i)it' o3 ,ana-","nt. T&i i "vi$"nt)' in(#a!ti!" in ,a/o#it' o3 o#-ani4ation to$a'.


18/63

ELOTON MAYOR

Hi t&"o#i" %"#" 0o#n" o*t o3 t&" !#iti!i , o3 Ha%t&o#n" #" "a#!&. A!!o#$in- to ,a'o#2 no!&an-" in an' %o# !on$ition !o*)$ #" *)t o)")' 3#o, (&' i!a) !&an-" 0*t #at&"# *!& a !&an-"!o*)$ on)' o!!*# a a #" *)t o3 t&" !&an-" in %o# "# attit*$". At t&" 0otto, o3 t "& t#ian-)" a#" t"& n""$ o3 o*# ani,a)i ti! nat*#" 3o# ")3 (#" "#vation 3o# )""(2 3oo$ in!)*$in- &")t"# "t!.T&" " a#" t&" 0a i! n""$ on!" ati 3i"$ t&"' !"a " to 0" t#on- ,otivato# to in!#"a "(#o$*!tivit' o# a!tion. T&* 2 a &*,an 0"in- to 3"") ,o#" ,at"#ia))' "!*#"$ &i &i-&"# n""$3o# ")3 " (#" ion %i)) 0"-in to 0" t#on-. It 3o))o% 2 t&"#"3o#"2 t&at2 in ta0)" !i#!*, tan!" an$

%it& (#o("# ,ana-","nt2 t&" ,a/o#it' o3 t&" ,"n !an 0" ")3 $i#"!t"$ i3 t&"' 0"!o," !o,,itt"$to an o0/"!tiv" t&"' va)*". T&"' %i)) not on)' a!!"(t #" (on i0i)it' 0*t o3t"n %i)) "" it2 t&"n to

%o# %i)) 0" a nat*#a) a to "at o# to )""( a in M!G#"-o# T&"o#' Y.

In ot&"# %o#$ 2 ,an !an 0" ")3 ,otivat"$. T&" ta o3 t&" ,ana-"# 5a on" %&o a!!o,()i &"&i o0/"!tiv" to*-& ot&"# 6 i to !#"at" !on$ition o3 %o# in %&i!& an$ to*-& %&i!& ")3,otivation !an 3in$ it #")"a ". In it*ation %&"#" t&i i $i33i!*)t to a!&i"v" a in $*))2 #"("titiv"

%o# 2 &i-&"# (a' #",ain t&" (a#a,o*nt i,(o#tan!". Sin!" %o# "# a#" 3o#!"$ to 3in$ati 3a!tion o*t i$" t&" %o# it*ation .

DOUGLAS M!GREGOR 5THEORY Y6

H" 0")i"v" in -#o*( $"!i ion ,a in-2 %&i!& i !on tant %it& in$ivi$*a) #" (on i0i)it'. M!G#"-o#

i ,o#" (a#ti!*)a#)'2 3o# &i in3)*"ntia) ,o$") in %&i!& &" !ont#a t t%o vi"% o3 ,an in t&" %o# in- it*ation .

T&i 2 &"2 !onv"ni"nt)' t"#,"$ T&"o#' an$ Y. A!!o#$in- to T&"o#' 2 &" (#o "!*t"$ t&at7

T&" av"#a-" ("# on &a an in&"#"nt $i )i " 3o# %o# an$ % i)) t#' to avoi$ it i3 (o i0)".

T&" av"#a-" ("# on )a! a,0ition2 $i )i " %o# #" (on i0i)it' an$ (#"3"##"$ to 0" !)o ")'$i#"!t"$2 !o"#!"$2 !ont#o))"$2 an$ t"at"n"$ %it& (*ni &,"nt to -"t &i, to (*t 3o#t& a$"+*at""33o#t to%a#$ t&" a!&i"v","nt o3 !o#(o#at" o0/"!tiv" .

T&" av"#a-" ("# on i #" i tan!" to !&an-".


19/63

T&" av"#a-" ("# on i 0' nat*#" ")3 !"nt#"$ an$ in$i33"#"n!" to !o#(o#at" -oa) .

On t&" ot&"# &an$2 t&"o#' Y a' t&" a0ov" i not tota))' t#*" 0"!a* "7

T&" av"#a-" ("# on i not 5a a 3a!t6 0' nat*#"2 (a iv" o# #" i tant to t&" o#-ani4ation n""$ .T&at t&" " ("n$it*#" o3 (&' i!a) an$ ,"nta) "33o#t in %o# i a nat*#a) a ()a' o# #" t.

In 3a!t2 " t"#na) !ont#o) an$ t&" t"at o3 (*ni &,"nt a#" not t&" on)' ,"an 3o# 0#in-in- a0o*t"33o#t to%a#$ o#-ani4ationa) -oa) . Pa#ti!*)a#)'2 "!ono,i! 0"n"3it an$ /o0 "!*#it'2 a a 3a!t2a#" /* t on)' t%o o3 t&" (o i0)" #"%a#$ $" i#"$ 0' t&" av"#a-" ,an.

T&" av"#a-" &*,an 0"in- )"an 2 *n$"# t&" i$"a) !on$ition 2 to a!!"(t an$ ""#" (on i0i)iti" %ant to " "#!i " a*tono,' an$ !#"ativit' to ai$ &i >&"# -#o%t& ant "&a!!o,()i &,"nt o3 !o#(o#at" o0/"!tiv" .

In vi"% o3 t&" a0ov" a *,(tion 2 M!G#"-o# t&in t&at t&" 0" t ,ana-"# !o*)$ $o i to * "0ot& t&"o#i" 5 in!" t&"' a#" )"-iti,at" 0")i"3 a0o*t t&" nat*#" o3 ,an t&at in3)*"n!",ana-"# 6 to a$o(t on" t#at"-' t&an anot&"# it*ationa))' t&at i 2 $"("n$in- *(on a(#"vai)in- it*ation2 a ,ana-"# %&o &o)$ t&" 0")i"32 a'2 o3 t&"o#' 2 !o*)$ a$o(t a!on i$"#a0)" a##a' o3 t#at"-i" 5"it&"# o# Y6.

8.: CURRENT LITERATURE RE;IE9

8.:.1 DEFINITION OF MOTI;ATION

S"v"#a) ,ana-","nt !&o)a# &av" -iv"n "v"#a) $"3inition o3 ,otivation. A!!o#$in- to Mi$$)"Mo t an$ Hitt 51 162 Motivation i t&" %i))3*) $" i#" to $i#"!t on" 0"&avio*# to%a#$ -oa) . T&"t"" "' ")","nt in t&i $"3inition a#" %i))3*) $" i#" 5P"# on !&oi!"62 0"&avio*#2 an$ -oa)$i#"!t"$ (*#(o " o3 0"&avio*#.

9a))a!" an$ An$#"% i)a-' 51 ?6 o(in" t&at Motivation i a $'na,i! (#o!" t&at2 ,otivat"2"n"#-i4" 2 $i#"!t an$ $"t"#,in" !&an-" in 0"&avio*# . It ,* t 0" *n$"# too$ 3#o, t&" on "tt&at ,otivation i not on)' #"%a#$ an$ (*ni &,"nt it in!)*$" i$"a 2 " ("!tation an$" ("#i"n!". 9&"n it !o," to ,otivation2 ("o()" ,o t)' a!t on ("#!"(tion an$ not #"a)it' .


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La in Fo)a/in 58 162 (o " at ,otivation a t"#, * "$ -"n"#a))' %&"n o,"0o$' i ti,*)at"$2t&" int"#" t o3 a %o# "# o a to 0" a0)" to %o# an$ 0#in- o# 0#""$ "33i!i"n!' in &i %o# .

L*t&an 51 62 Motivation i a (#o!" %&i!& ta#t %it& a (&' io)o-i!a) o# ( '!&o)o-i!a)$"3i!i"n!' o# n""$ t&at a!tivat" 0"&avio*# at a $#iv" t&at i ai,"$ o3 a -oa) o# in!"ntiv".

At",an an$ Sn")) 51 6 "" ,otivation a t&" 3o#!" t&at "n"#-i4" 2 $i#"!t an$ * tain a("# on "33o#t.

Ro00in 58 16 $"3in" ,otivation a t&" (#o!" " t&at a!!o*nt 3o# an in$ivi$*a) int"n it'2$i#"!tion an$ ("# i t"n!" o3 "33o#t to%a#$ attainin- a -oa).

o"na A-0ato 51 6 a' ,otivation i an i,(o#tant $"t"#,inant o3 &*,an 0"&avio*#2 it it &t %&i!& ,ovi" on" to%a#$ a -oa)2 t&* 2 ,otivation 0"-at ("#3o#,an!" .

T#an )at"$2 it ,"an %&"n on" i ,otivat"$2 it (#"!i(itat" a 0"&avio*# an$ t&i )"a$ to("#3o#,an!". T&i ,"an 51 V6 t&at on" i (o itiv")' ,otivat"$. It )"a$ to (o itiv" 0"&avio*#an$ t&* %#it" a-#"" t&at ,otivat"$ 0"&avio*# i -oa) $i#"!t"$ 0"&avio*# 2 %&i!& i 0"&avio*##" *)tin- 3#o, int"#na) $#iv" . T&i int"#na) $"vi!" o# 5t"n ion6 a#" t&" #oo3 o3 ,otivation.

H"n!"2 it i i,(o#tant 3o# ,ana-"# to ,otivat" 0"&avio*# o a to #"$*!" t&" " Jt"n ion "v"nt&o*-& it &a 0""n a-#""$ t&at t&" " ,otivation 0"&avio*# a#" innat" . It &o*)$ 0" tat"$2 t&ato,"ti,"2 " t"#na) 3o#!" !an $o,inat" an$ $"t"#,in" 0"&avio*#. Y"t2 at ot&"# ti," 2 it i

$i#"!t"$ to%a#$ ")3 ati 3a!tion. Mo t i-ni3i!ant)'2 0"&avio*# i $i#"!t"$ to o0tain %ant2 %&i!& %i)) ati 3' n""$ .

Ri! ' G#i33in 51 ?6 $"3in"$ J,otivation a a !'!)i!a) (#o!" a33"!tin- t&" inn"# n""$ t&at &"o# &" %ant to ati 3'. A)t&o*-& t&"#" a#" !"#tain !o,,on &*,an n""$ 2 "a!& ("# on a) o &a&i o%n (a#ti!*)a# n""$ . O*# t#on- n""$ (#ovi$" * %it& ("# ona) -oa) t&at ati 3' n""$ .

T&" int"n it' o3 n""$ an$ $#iv" va#i" %i$")' 3#o, on" ("# on to anot&"#. It i t&" t#on-" t$#iv". T&" o*n$ ,ana-"# t&"#"3o#"2 t#i" t o #"!o-ni4" t&" t#on- n""$ " ("!ia))' t&"$o,inatin- on" in (a#ti!*)a# in$ivi$*a) . B' o $oin-2 &" i a0)" to *n$"# tan$ &i *0o#$inat"o# ",()o'"" an$ t&i %i)) -o a )on- %a' in a!&i"vin- t&" "nt"#(#i " o0/"!tiv" .


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NEED 9ANT SATISFACTION CHAIN

NEED 9ANT TENSION

ACTION SATISFACTION

In !on!)* ion2 Gi0 on 51 6 $"3in"$ ,otivation a t&" !on!"(t * "$ to $" !#i0" t&" 3o#!"a!tin- on o# %it&in an in$ivi$*a) to initiat" an$ $i#"!t 0"&avio*#.

T&" $"3inition 0' Gi0 on (o#t"n$ t%o 0a i! !)a i3i!ation o3 va#ia0)" t&at !o*)$ ,otivat"("o()" to %o# . T&" " a#" va#ia0)" a!tin- on t&" in$ivi$*a) 2 t&" " va#ia0)" a#" " t"#na)5(#o!" 6 t&"#"3o#" !an 0" !ont#o))"$ 0' ot&"# ("o()". T&" ot&"# "t o3 va#ia0)" a#" t&"va#ia0)" a!tin- %it&in t&" in$ivi$*a) 5!ont"nt6 t&" " va#ia0)" a#" int"#na) an$ #"3)"!t t&" tat"o3 n""$ o3 t&" in$ivi$*a).

F#o, t&" " $"3inition 2 t"" 0a i! ")","nt !an 0" ""n a in&"#"nt in t&" !on!"(t o3,otivation. T&" " ")","nt a#"7

v Int"n it'7 T&i #"3"# to t&" $"-#"" o3 "33o#t " "#t"$ 0' an in$ivi$*a) o# ",()o'"" to%a#$o#-ani4ationa) -oa) . E,()o'"" (*t *( $i33"#"nt $"-#"" o3 "33o#t in a!&i"vin- o#-ani4ationa)-oa) .

v Di#"!tion7 T&i #"3"# to t&" a#"a in %&i!& t&" ",()o'"" $i#"!t &i "33o#t to2 %it&in t&"o#-ani4ation. I3 ",()o'"" "33o#t a#" not $i#"!t"$ to%a#$ o#-ani4ationa) -oa) t&"n t&" "33o#ta#" " "#!i "$ in 3*ti)it'.

v P"# i t"n!"7 T&i #"3"# to t&" " t"nt to %&i!& "33o#t o# 0"&avio*# !an 0" * tain"$. A t t&"!o,,"n!","nt o3 %o# 2 a n"% ",()o'"" i )i ")' to " &i0it a &i-& $"-#"" o3 "33o#t to%a#$ t&"o#-ani4ationa) -oa) 2 0*t 3o# &o% )on- !an t&i ",()o'"" * tain t&i "33o#t=

T&" )in a-" 0"t%""n t&" " t"" ")","nt an$ /o0 ("#3o#,an!" !an 0" (#" "nt"$ a a ,o$")o3 ,otivation a 0")o%7


22/63


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MODEL 1

N""$

P"#!"iv"$

R"%a#$

San!tion

Sit*ation

Int"n it' o3 E33o#t

Di#"!tion o3 E33o#t

P"# i t"n!" o3 E33o#t


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Motivationa) B"&avio*#

P"#3o#,an!" In(*t O*t(*t

THE PROCESS OF MOTI;ATION 5MODEL II6

I

N""$

D"3i!i"n!i"

P"#3o#,an!" Eva)*ation o3 Goa) A!!o,()i &"$

R"%a#$ o#

P*ni &,"nt

R"%a#$ o#


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P*ni &,"nt

S"a#!& 3o# %a' to ati 3' n""$

Goa) $i#"!t"$ 0"&avio*#

T&" E,()o'""

;I II

; III

I;

Mo$") I7 T&i ,o$") i$"nti3i" t&" in(*t to a ,otivation (#o!" a n""$ ("#!"iv" #"%a#$ 2an!tion an$ t&" it*ation.

T&" ,ani3" tation o3 t&" " in(*t va#i" 3#o, on" in$ivi$*a) to anot&"# an$ t&"#"3o#" t&" " t"ntto %&i!& in(*t ,ani3" t t&", ")v" in int"n it' o3 "33o#t2 $i#"!tion o3 "33o#t an$ ("# i t"n!' o3"33o#t a) o $i33"# . T&" !o,0ination o3 t&" " t"" va#ia0)" %i)) )"a$ to a &i-&)' ,otivat"$0"&avio*# in ot&"# %o#$ 2 t&" a0 "n!" o3 an' o3 t&" " t"" va#ia0)" ,a' ti,0"# t&"a!t*a)i4ation o3 -oa) .


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Mo$") II7 Motivation 0"-in %it& t&" ,ani3" tation o3 a n""$. A n""$ i a ("#!"iv"$ tat" o3$"3i!i"n!'2 %&i!& i3 )"3t *n ati 3i"$2 !a* " t"n ion an$ an i"t' in t&" n""$'. N""$ a#" !#"at"$

%&"n"v"# t&"#" i a (&' io)o-i!a) o# ( '!&o)o-i!a) i,0a)an!" L*t&an 51 6.

T&" no#,a) &*,an 0"in- %i)) )i " to #",ain o# ta' in a (o ition o3 (&' io)o-i!a) o# ( '!&o)o-i!a)0a)an!" o# on t&" ot&"# &an$ t&" no#,a) &*,an 0"in- $i )i " a tat" o3 t"n ion an$ an i"t'5Stat" I6 t&"#"3o#"2 t&" !o#o))a#' o3 n""$ $"3i!i"n!i" to "a#!& 3o# %a' o3 ati 3'in- t&"i# n""$5Sta-" II6. &avin- 3o*n$ %a' to ati 3' &i n""$ 2 t&" ",()o'"" o# in$ivi$*a) 0"-in to " &i0it

o," -oa) $i#"!t 0"&avio*# *!& a att"n$an!"2 an$ ot&"# /o0 0"&avio*# 5Sta-" III6 %it& t&"0")i"3 t&at t&" " 0"&avio*# %i)) )"a$ to -oa) attain,"nt.

T&" o*t!o," o3 t&" " 0"&avio*# " &i0it"$ in Sta-" III a#" "va)*at"$ 0' t&" ",()o'"",ana-"#. At t&i ta-"2 t&" ,ana-"# t#i" to a !"#tain t&" " t"nt to %&i!& t&" ",()o'"" &a

attain"$ o#-ani4ationa) -oa) o# i3 t&"#" i a -a( 0"t%""n a!t*a) ("#3o#,an!" an$ $" i#"$("#3o#,an!".

D"("n$in- on t&" o*t!o," o3 Sta-" I;2 t&" ",()o'"" i "it&"# #"%a#$"$ 3o# ("#3o#,an!" o#(*ni &"$ 3o# non ("#3o#,an!" Sta-" ;. At Sta-" ;I2 t&" ",()o'"" o# in$ivi$*a) #" a " "$ &io# &"# n""$ $"3i!i"n!i" . At t&i (oint2 "33o#t "a#!& 3o# a $i33"#"nt av"n*" to a!t*a)i4" t&" n""$.

8.:.8 TECHNI


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"!to#. T&i &a -#"at)' $",o#a)i4"$ an av"#a-" Ni-"#ian %o# "#. To 0" "33"!tiv")' ,otivat"$2t&" ",()o'"" ,* t 0" !on tant)' a *#"$ o3 t "& "!*#it' o3 t&i /o0.

C#"$it 3o# %o# $on"7 E !"))"nt ("#3o#,an!" &o*)$ 0" #"%a#$"$ to 0oo t t&" "-o o3 t&"",()o'"". T&i !o*)$ 0" v"#0a) (#ai "2 ,on"ta#'2 #"%a#$ 3o# *--" tion 2 a%a#$ 2 #"!o-nition3o# '"a# o3 "#vi!"2 &on" t'.

O((o#t*nit' to a$van!"7 Mo t ",()o'"" %ant o((o#t*nit' 3o# ("# ona) -#o%t& an$$"v")o(,"nt o a to 0" a0)" to #"a!& t&"i# -#"at" t (ot"ntia). T&i 3"")in- i in3)*"n!"$ 0' a!*)t*#a) t#a$ition o3 3#""$o, an$ o((o#t*nit'.

COMFORTABLE2 SAFE AND ATTRACTI;E

Envi#on,"nt7 T&" %ant 3o# -oo$ %o# in- "nvi#on,"nt #" t *(on ,*)ti()" n""$ . Sa3" %o# in-"nvi#on,"nt ",anat" 3#o, t&" "!*#it' n""$.

S("!i3i!a))'2 att#i0*t" *!& a $" an$ #*- 2 -oo$ !*#tain 2 0#i-&t i))*,ination !on tit*t"tat* ',0o) $"notin- a &i"#a#!&' o3 i,(o#tan!".

Co,("t"nt an$ 3ai# )"a$"# &i(7 Goo$ )"a$"# &i( "n *#" t&at t&" o#-ani4ation an$ it /o0 %i))!ontin*" to " i t. Mo#"ov"#2 &*,an "-o $",an$ t&at on" #" ("!t t&" ("# on 3#o, %&o, o#$"#an$ $i#"!tion a#" to 0" #"!"iv"$. Ti i v"#' 3#* t#atin- to t&" *0/"!t"$ ("# ona))' to a!o,,an$ 3#o, an in$ivi$*a) %&o i $"","$ *n%o#t&' an$ in!o,("t"nt.

M"anin-3*) /o07 T&i %ant i *" 3#o, 0ot& t&" n""$ 3o# #"!o-nition an$ t&" $#iv" to%a#$ ")3#"a)i4ation an$ a!&i"v","nt. T&i i a v"#' $i33i!*)t %ant to *(()'2 " ("!ia))' in )a#-"o#-ani4ation %&"#" %o# i $ivi$"$ into ,in*t" (a#t . H"#"2 t&" ",()o'"" %o*)$ %ant &i!ont#i0*tion to 0" #"!o-ni4"$ an$ i-ni3i!ant.

8.:.: SYMPTOMS OF POOR MOTI;ATION

T&" ',(to, o3 (oo# ,otivation a#" in$i!ation an$ not !a* " o3 (oo# ,otivation. T&"'in!)*$"7

Hi-&"# t&an t&" * *a) a0 "nt""i , an$ )a0o*# t*#nov"#.


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Di ati 3a!tion an$ )o% ,o#a)".

Poo# +*a)it' o3 %o# an$ &i-&"# (oi)a-" #at" .

So)$"#in- i #"$*!"$ (#o$*!tivit'.

D"t"#io#ation o3 -"n"#a) attit*$" to %o# *!& a )a! o3 !oo("#ation2 o0 t#*!tiv" attit*$""v"n $"!)inin- tan$a#$ o3 $#" inan$ -"n"#a) !on$*!t.

N*,"#o* in!i$"n!" o3 in$* t#ia) $i (*t" an$ to((a-" .

8.:.? IMPORTANCE OF MOTI;ATION

T&" 3o))o%in- a#" o," i,(o#tan!" o3 ,otivation in an o#-ani4ation. T&"' in!)*$"7

It "n"#-i4" 2 int"n i3i" 2 $i#"!t an$ 0#in- a0o*t ("# i t"n!" o3 "33o#t to%a#$ attainin- a -oa).

It )"a$ to i,(#ov","nt in t&" ("#3o#,an!" o3 ta 0' t&" %o# "# in an o#-ani4ation.

o0 "n#i!&,"nt )"a$ to !&a))"n-" 2 a!&i"v","nt 2 #"!o-nition an$ #" (on i0i)iti" .

It 0#in- a0o*t o((o#t*nit' 3o# ("# ona) -#o%t& an$ $"v")o(,"nt a,on- ",()o'"" o a to 0"a0)" to #"a!& t&"i# -#"at" t (ot"ntia).

Motivation in t&" a#"a %&"#" t&" ",()o'"" i a))o%"$ to (a#ti!i(at" in ,ana-","nt $"!i ion,a in- )"a$ to ")3 " t"", a tat"$ in A0#a&a, Ma )o% Hi"#a#!&' o3 N""$ T&"o#'.

8.? SUMMARY

Motivation i t&" "n!o*#a-","nt in !a & an$ in$ -iv"n to ("o()" in an o#-ani4ation to ,a "t&", %o# %")) an$ %i))in-)'. Fa,o* ,ana-","nt t&"o#i t %&o &av" !ont#i0*t"$ to t&" t&"o#'o3 ,otivation in!)*$" Ma )o%2 ;#oo,2 H"#t40"#-2 M!C)"))an$ an$ M!G#"-o# a,on- ot&"# a

tat"$ in t&i (#o/"!t.

C"#tain 3a!to# in3)*"n!" t&" "33"!tiv"n" o3 ,otivation "33o#t *!& a " ("#i"n!"2 $" i#"2+*otin- an$ ti,in-. T&"#" &a 0""n a )ot o3 ",(&a i on t&" i-ni3i!an!" o3 ,on"ta#' in!"ntiv"" ("!ia))' in (#" "nt $a' Ni-"#ia. So," "v"n 0")i"v" ,on"' i t "& on)' in!"ntiv" $" i#"$ 0'


29/63

%o# "# 2 a0o*t ,an' !o,("n ation ()an &av" 3ai)"$ $*" to ov"# ",(&a i on a)a#i" an$ %a-" . B*t2 a )ot o3 ot&"# t&in- !o*)$ ,otivat" ("o()" an$ Ni-"#ian in (a#ti!*)a# a(a#t 3#o,,on"'.

Ho%"v"#2 it i t&" (ov"#t' )"v") o3 a o!i"t' t&at in3)*"n!" &o% ,*!& #o)" ,on"' ()a' a a,otivato#.

REFERENCES

A-0ato2 .O. 51 67 T&" Nat*#" o3 Mana-","nt2 La-o 7 H"in",ann P*0)i &in- Co,(an'.

A int*n$"2 O. 58 @67 Ho% to Motivat" 9o# "# to A!&i"v" Hi-&"# P#o$*!tivit'2 I0a$anUn(*0)i &"$ ND T&" " 2 B* in" St*$i" 2 T&" Po)'t"!&ni!2 I0a$an2 Ni-"#ia.

Bat",an. T. an$ Sn")). S. 51 67 Mana-","nt7 B*i)$in- Co,("titiv" A$vanta-"2 Bo ton7 ?t&E$ition2 M!G#a% Hi)).

Don")' Gi0 on 51 ?67 F*n$a,"nta) o3 Mana-","nt P)an2 USA7 T" a B* in" Co,(an'.

Fo)a/in La in 58 167 P '!&o)o-' Ma$" Ea '2 O o-0o7 I3" O)* P#intin- P#" 2 Station Roa$2O o-0o2 Ni-"#ia.

L*t&an F#"$ 51 67 O#-ani4ationa) B"&avio*#2 Bo ton7 t& E$ition2 M!G#a% Hi)).

Ma#! 9a))"! "t a) 51 ?67 Mana-in- B"&avio*# in O#-ani4ation.

O)*3*n ". O. O'"n*-a 58 67 P#in!i()" o3 Mana-","nt2 La-o 7 To)a3i P#" .

Ro-"# O)$,an 51 867 Mana-","nt2 Lon$on7 Pan Boo P*0)i &in- Co,(an'.


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S!&%a#t42 D. 51 67 Int#o$*!tion to Mana-","nt P#in!i()" 2 P#a!ti!" an$ P#o!" 2 avanovi$2Ha#!o*#t B#a " P*0)i &in- Coo("#ation.

T#"%at&a N"%(oint 51 867 Mana-","nt2 N"% Yo# 7 T" a B* in" Co,(an' Int"#nationa).

9") &2 A.N. 51 67 T&" S i)) o3 Mana-","nt2 Lon$on7 Go%"# P#" Fi")$ Li,it"$.

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

:.1 INTRODUCTION

T&" ta a&"a$ o3 a)) #" "a#!&"# i to no% o# 3in$ an %"# to #" "a#!& +*" tion an$ a) oa !"#tain "it&"# n*)) &'(ot&" i o# a)t"#nativ" &'(ot&" i . In a!&i"vin- t&i o0/"!tiv"2 it i" ("$i"nt 3o# t&" #" "a#!&"# to * " !i"nti3i! (#o!"$*#" 0"in- t" t"$2 (#ov"n an$ a!!"(ta0)".

T&i !&a(t"# o0)i-" t&" a((#oa!&" a$o(t"$ in (#ovi$in- o)*tion to +*" tion 2 %&i!& t&i#" "a#!& %o# i 0a " $on2 an$ a % a' o3 t" tin- "a!& o3 t&" &'(ot&" i 3o#,*)at"$. It ai, at#"!"ivin- #" "a#!& +*" tion o3 t&i t*$' an$ " ()ainin- t&" a,()inan$ $ata !o))"!tion(#o!"$*#"2 to-"t&"# %it& t&" in t#*,"nt to 0" * "$ at t&" !o*# " o3 t&" in3o#,ation o*#!in-.

F*#t&"#,o#"2 t&i !&a(t"# %i)) * &"# ," into t&" n" t !&a(t"# 5i.". ?67 (#" "ntation an$ ana)' io3 $ata. A t&" in3o#,ation o*#!" in t&i !&a(t"# %i)) 0" #a% ,at"#ia) n""$"$ in C&a(t"# ?. ita) o "n *#" t&at #")"vant an$ *( $ata in3o#,ation i at #"a!&.

:.8 RESTATEMENT OF RESEARCH


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!. Do" 'o*# !o,(an' !)"a#)'>#" ("!t t#a$" *nion (o ition o3 it ",()o'"" =

$. A#" t&"#" $i33"#"n!" in t&" %a' ta33 an$ %o# "# a#" t#"at"$ in t&" o#-ani4ation =

". I /oint !on *)tation (#a!ti!"$ (o itiv")'2 a a ,"t&o$ o3 o0tainin- ",()o'"" vi"% on(#o0)", an$ (#o(o " !&an-" 0"3o#" 3ina) $"!i ion a#" ta "n=

T&" #" "a#!& &'(ot&" " a#"7

HO7 T&" ,o#" t&"#" i "33"!tiv" ,otivation 2 t&" )" t&" ,o#a)" o3 ",()o'"" .

H17 T&" ,o#" t&"#" i "33"!tiv" ,otivation 2 t&" ,o#" t&" ,o#a)" o3 ",()o'"" .



HO7 T&" *!!" o3 an o#-ani4ation $o" not $"("n$ on t &" ,otivationa) (#o!"$*#" 0"in-a$o(t"$.


:.: RESEARCH METHOD AND DESIGN

R" "a#!& $" i-nin- i t&" t#*!t*#in- o3 t&" inv" ti-ation ai,"$ at i$"nti3'in- va#ia0)" an$ t&"i##")ation &i(. Sin!" tati ti! i not on)' !on!"#n"$ %it& o#-ani4in- an$ ana)'4in- $ata on!" t&"'a#" a ",0)"$ 0*t a) o %it& t&" o*#!" o3 $ata an$ &o% $ata a#" !o))"!t"$ 3o# t*$'.

Ba "$ on t&i #" "a#!& %o# 2 a *#v"' #" "a#!& %i)) 0" !on$*!t"$ %&i!& invo)v" t&"a " ,"nt o3 t&" %o# "# o(inion on t&" "33"!tiv"n" o3 ,otivation to%a#$ a!&i"vin- &it&"#(#o$*!tivit' %it& t&" * " o3 +*" tionnai#".

9it& t&i 2 a #"a ona0)" o)*tion %i)) 0" (#o3" "$ tot "& "a#)i"# #" "a#!& (#o0)", .


32/63

:.? DATA COLLECTION METHODS

T&" ,"t&o$ to 0" * "$ to -"n"#at" an$ !o))"!t $ata 3o# t&i #" "a#!& %o# i t&" +*" tionnai#".T&i a(("a# on t&" o("n "n$"$ an$ t&" !)o " "n$"$ ,"t&o$ o3 +*" tionnai#" (#" "ntation.

T&" +*" tionnai#" i a "t o3 +*" tion (a! a-"$ to ")i!it $ata 3#o, t&" t*$'. It $"a) %it& t&"-"n"#a) in3o#,ation on t&" $ata i.". na," an$ $" i-nation o3 t&" #" (on$"nt an$ t&"i#o!!*(ation2 (o ition in t&" !o,(an' an$ t&" $"(a#t,"nt t&" #" (on$"nt 0")on- to.

:.@ CHARACTERISTICS OF THE STUDY POPULATION

A t&" #" "a#!& i 3o!* "$ on ,otivation o3 %o# "# 2 t&" (o(*)ation o3 t&" #" "a#!& %i)) 0" t&""nti#" ,ana-","nt t"a, o3 Int"#!ontin"nta) Ban P)!. Ho%"v"#2 &o*)$ t&" #" "a#!&"# &a t&"o((o#t*nit' to -"t in !onta!t a) o %it& ot&"# i,(o#tant ,",0"# an$ o33i!"# o3 t&" a,"o#-ani4ation t&at !o*)$ 0" o3 &")( in -"ttin- t&" 3a!t on t&" *0/"!t ,att"#2 t&"#" %o*)$ not 0"&" itation in $oin- o. Ba "$ on t&" tat","nt a0ov"2 t&" #" "a#!& a,()" %i)) (#"!i ")' !on i to3 8 #" (on$"nt #an$o,)' ")"!t"$ 3#o, t&" o#-ani4ation 5i.". Int"#!ontin"nta) Ban P)!6. T&"#" (on$"nt !on *)t"$ a#" t&o " t&at %i)) -iv" 3*))2 #"+*i#"$ an$ n"!" a#' in3o#,ation %&i!& t&"#" "a#!&"# $" i#" 3o# t&" t*$'.

:. SAMPLING DESIGN AND PROCEDURES

D*" to )a! o3 ti," an$ 3o# t&" a " o3 i,()i!it' in #" "a#!&in-2 i,()" #an$o, a,()in- %o*)$0" * "$ to ")"!t o," %o# "# .

T&" (#o!"$*#" 3o# t&" ana)' i o3 t&" $ata &av" 0""n $ivi$"$ into t%o (a#t 7

a. Data (#" "ntation.

0. Cont"nt ana)' i .

T&" tati ti!a) too) to 0" * "$ in t" tin- t&" &'(ot&" " i t&" C&i S+*a#" ana)' i . T&" (#in!i()"0"&in$ t&" C&i S+*a#" t" t i t&at an o0 "#v"$ "t o3 va)*" $i33"# i-ni3i!ant)' 3#o, o,"" ("!t"$ o# t&"o#"ti!a) 3#"+*"n!i" . It i t&* a ,"a *#" o3 $i !#"(an!' 0"t%""n t&" o0 "#v"$an$ " ("!t"$ 3#"+*"n!i" an$ a -iv"n 0'7

8 E5O1 E168


33/63

E1

9&"#"7 O1 t&" o0 "#v"$ o# a!t*a) 3#"+*"n!i" an$

E1 t&" " ("!t"$ 3#"+*"n!i" .

T&i %i)) 0" t&" * " o3 t%o va#ia0)" C&i S+*a#" %&i!& a))o% a t" t o3 t&" in$"("n$"n!" o3 t%ova#ia0)" .

G"n"#a) (#o!"$*#" in !a##'in- o*t t&" C&i S+*a#" a#" a 3o))o% 7

v S"t *( t&" n*)) an$ a)t"#nativ" &'(ot&" " .

v Co,(*t" t&" " ("!t"$ an$ o0 "#v"$ 3#"+*"n!i" .

v Co,(*t" C&i +*a#" 0' *0 tit*tin- t&" o0 "#v"$ an$ " ("!t"$ va)*" into t&" C&i +*a#"3o#,*)a.

v O0tain"$ t&" ta0*)at"$ C&i +*a#" at t&" (#" $"t"#,in"$ )"v")2 * in- t&" 5# 16 5! 16 $"-#""o3 3#""$o, 3#o, t%o va#ia0)" .

v I3 t&" !a)!*)at"$ va)*" i )" t&an t&" ta0*)at"$2 a!!"(t HO ot&"#%i "2 it %i)) 0" #"/"!t"$ 5H16.T&" (#" $"t"#,in"$ )"v") i . @.

:. DESCRIPTION OF DATA COLLECTION INSTRUMENT

Bot& (#i,a#' an$ "!on$a#' $ata %i)) 0" n""$"$ 3o# t&i #" "a#!& %o# 7

i. P#i,a#' $ata7 T&" " a#" $ata !o))"!t"$ $i#"!t)' 3#o, #" (on$"nt 3o# t&" (*#(o " o3 t&i t*$'.


34/63


35/63

A$"0a'o2 A.O. 51 67 Un$"# tan$in- Stati ti! 2 La-o 7 AS P*0)i &" .

O)a-*n/*2 Y.A. an$ A%o'o *n2 A.A. 58 ?67 E)","nt o3 R" "a#!& T"!&ni+*" 2 I0a$an7 Hi-&)an$P*0)i &"# .

O%o/o#i2 A.A. 58 867 Mana-"#ia) R" "a#!&2 Ka'!"" P*0)i &"# 2 Fi t E$ition.

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION

?.1 INTRODUCTION

So 3a# in t&i t*$'2 t&" 3o!* &a 0""n on t&" -"n"#a) 0a! -#o*n$ o3 t&" #" "a#!& to(i!2)it"#at*#" #"vi"% an$ t&" ,"t&o$o)o-' * "$ in !a##'in- o*t t&" #" "a#!& %o# .

Ho%"v"#2 in t&i !&a(t"#2 t&" $ata -"n"#at"$ to*-& t&" $i33"#"nt o*#!" " ("!ia))' t&"+*" tionnai#"2 %o*)$ 0" (#" "nt"$ an$ ana)'4"$. T&i !&a(t"# % i)) t&* 3o#, t&" !#* o3 t&"

t*$' 0"!a* " %it&o*t it2 t&" %o# $i$ o 3a# %i)) /* t 0" ,"#" ,"nta) " "#tion an$ 3*ti)"a!tiviti" . 9it&o*t t&" +*" tion an$ &'(ot&" " 0"in- t" t"$ an$ "it&"# a!!"(t"$ o# #"/"!t"$ at&" !a " ,a' 0"2 t&"n t&" %o# i in!o,()"t".

T&"#"3o#"2 t&" &'(ot&" " an$ +*" tion t" tin- %o*)$ 0" $on" * in- t&" ,"t&o$ ,"ntion"$ in(a#a-#a(& :. an$ t&"#"3o#" int"#(#"tation %o*)$ 0" -iv"n 0a "$ on t&" #" "a#!& +*" tion an$&'(ot&" " t" tin-.

?.8 RESPONDENTS CHARACTERISTICS ANDN CLASSIFICATION

T&" #" (on$"nt %"#" ,"n an$ %o,"n %&o %"#" no%)"$-"a0)" in t&" &*,an #")ation ,att"#o3 t&" o#-ani4ation. T&"#" %"#" t%"nt' 58 6 +*" tionnai#" a)to-"t&"# in %&i!& %"#"a$,ini t"#"$ 0' to(2 ,i$$)" an$ )o%"# )"v") ,ana-","nt .

T&" #" (on$"nt !&a#a!t"#i ti! an$ !)a i3i!ation a#" (#" "nt"$ into ta0)" 0")o%7

Ta0)" ?.17 A-" C)a i3i!ation


36/63

AGE GROUP

IN YEARS

RESPONDENTS

TOTAL

MALE

FEMALE

Un$"# 8 '"a#

81 : '"a#

:1 ? '"a#

A0ov" ? '"a#

1

:

?

1

1

TOTAL

1:


37/63

8

Ta0)" ?.87 Sa,()" i4" $i t#i0*tion

;ARIABLE

RESPONDENTS

PERCENTAGE [V]

Ma)"

F",a)"

1:

@

:@

TOTAL

8

1

So*#!"7 Fi")$ S*#v"'2 8 .

S*,,a#'7 F#o, t&" a0ov"2 t&" a,()" i4" i 8 #" (on$"nt t&at !o,()"t"$ t&" +*" tionnai#"an$ t&"' !o,(#i " o3 1: ,a)" an$ 3",a)".

Ta0)" ?.:7 O#-ani4ation $ata

NAME OF THE

COMPANYSI E

TURNO;ER

Int"#!ontin"nta) Ban P)!

La#-"


38/63

Ov"# N@ ,i))ion

TOTAL

8

1

So*#!"7 Fi")$ S*#v"'2 8 .

S*,,a#'7 F#o, t&" a0ov"2 it i !)"a# t&at t&" 0an i a )a#-" on" %it& a t*#nov"# t&at i ov"#N@ ,i))ion.

?.: PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA 5RESEARCH


39/63

V

Y"

No

1

8

:

@

1@

8@

@

TOTAL

1

1

8

1

So*#!"7 Fi")$ S*#v"'2 8 .

S*,,a#'7 T&" a0ov" ta0)" &o% t&at @V o3 t&" #" (on$"nt a' t&at t&"#" a#" no $i33"#"n!"

in t&" %a' ta33 an$ %o# "# a#" t#"at"$ in t&" o#-ani4ation2 %&i)" 8@V a' t&"#" a#"$i33"#"n!" .

Ta0)" ?.@7 Yo*# !o,(an' !)"a#)' $"3in">#" ("!t t#a$" *nion (o ition o3 it ",()o'"" =

RESPONDENTS


40/63

RESPONSE

T

M

L

TOTAL

V

Y"

No

1

8

1

1

:

@

1@

TOTAL

1

11

8

1

So*#!"7 Fi")$ S*#v"'2 8 .


41/63

S*,,a#'7 T&" a0ov" &o% t&at @V o3 t&" #" (on$"nt a' t&at !o,(an' !)"a#)'$"3in"$>#" ("!t t#a$" *nion (o ition o3 it ",()o'"" %&i)" 1@V a' ot&"#%i ".

Ta0)" ?. 7 I /oint !on *)tation (#a!ti!"$ (o itiv")'2 a a ,"t&o$ o3 o0tainin- ",()o'"" vi"%on (#o0)", an$ (#o(o "$ !&a#-" 0"3o#" 3ina) $"!i ion a#" ta "n=

RESPONDENTS

RESPONSE

T

M

L

TOTAL

V

Y"

No

1

8

:

1@

@

@

8@

TOTAL

1


42/63

11

8

1

So*#!"7 Fi")$ S*#v"'2 8 .

S*,,a#'7 T&" a0ov" &o% t&at @V o3 t&" #" (on$"nt a-#""$ t&at /oint !on *)tation i 0"in-(#a!ti!"$ (o itiv")' in -"ttin- ",()o'"" vi"% %&i)" 8@V $i a-#"".

?.? PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA 5RESEARCH HYPOTHEHSES6

In t&i (a#a-#a(&2 t&" #")"vant #" "a#!& +*" tion #ai "$ in t&" +*" tionnai#" %o*)$ 0"

(#" "nt"$ in 0ot& ta0*)a# 3o#, an$ ana)'4"$ * in- C&i +*a#".

H'(ot&" i 17

Ta0)" ?. 7 Do %o# "# ,otivation "33"!tiv" in a!&i"vin- &i-&"# (#o$*!tivit'=

RESPONDENTS

RESPONSE

T

M

L

TOTAL

V

Y"

No

1

1


43/63

8

1

:

@

8@

TOTAL

1

1

1

1

So*#!"7 Fi")$ S*#v"'2 8 .

Ana)' i o3 t&" $ata a0ov" %i)) 0" $on" * in- C&i +*a#" 3o#,*)a7

8!a) E5O E68

E

9&"#"7 O O0 "#v"$ 3#"+*"n!'

E E ("!t"$ 3#"+*"n!' #T !T

GT

9&"#"7 #T #o% tota)

!T !o)*,n tota)

GT -#o*n$ tota)

Ta0)" ?. 7

CALL


44/63

O

E

O E

5O E68

5O E68

E

121

128

12:

821

828

82:

1

1

8

. ?

. ?

.?8

.1

1.8

1.@

.1

.8


45/63

.?8

.1

.8

.1?

. 8@

.

.1 ?

. 8@

.

.1 1

. : @

. 1

. 8

1.

. @:

.1 @

1.88

8Ca) 1.88

T&" $"!i ion #*)" i t&at2 i3 t&" 8!a) W 8ta02 a!!"(t t&" H1 &'(ot&" i an$ #"/"!t i3 ot&"#%i ".

T&" &'(ot&" i i t" t"$ %it& . @ )"v") o3 i-ni3i!an!" * in- t&" #")at"$ $"-#"" o3 3#""$o,.

D.F 5R 16 5C 16 9&"#"7 R Ro%

58 16 5: 16 C Co)*,n

8


46/63

So2 #" tatin- &'(ot&" i I

HO7 T&" ,o#" t&"#" i "33"!tiv" ,otivation2 t&" )" t&" ,o#a)" o3 ",()o'"" .

H17 T&" ,o#" t&"#" i "33"!tiv" ,otivation2 t&" ,o#" t&" ,o#a)" o3 ",()o'"" .

F#o, ta0)" ?. 7

T&" 8!a) 1.88 .

An$ t&" 8ta0 at . @ )"v") o3 i-ni3i!an!" @. 1.

D"!i ion7 Sin!" t&" 8!a) W 8ta02 %" a!!"(t t&" H1 an$ #"/"!t t&" HO.

H'(ot&" i II7

Ta0)" ?. 7 Do" a$o(tion o3 ,otivationa) t"!&ni+*" a*to,ati!a))' in!#"a " %o# "#(#o$*!tivit'=

RESPONDENTS

RESPONSE

T

M

L

TOTAL

V

Y"

No1

8


47/63

1

1

:

@

8@

TOTAL

1

1

1

1

So*#!"7 Fi")$ S*#v"'2 8 .

Ta0)" ?.1 7

CALL

O

E

O E

5O E68

5O E68

E

121

128

12:

821

828


48/63

82:

1

8

1

. ?

. ?

.?8

.1

1.8

1.@

.1

. ?

.@

.1

. ?

.@

. 8@

.@?

.:: ?

. 8@

. @?

.:: ?

. : @


49/63

. 18

. ?

1.

.?8?

.818

1. 8

8Ca) 1. 8

T&" $"!i ion #*)" i t&at2 i3 t&" 8!a) W 8ta02 a!!"(t t&" H1 &'(ot&" i an$ #"/"!t i3 ot&"#%i ".T&" &'(ot&" i i t" t"$ %it& . @ )"v") o3 i-ni3i!an!" * in- t&" #")at"$ $"-#"" o3 3#""$o,.

D.F 5R 16 5C 16 9&"#"7 R Ro%

58 16 5: 16 C Co)*,n

8

So2 #" tatin- &'(ot&" i II



F#o, ta0)" ?.1 7

T&" 8!a) 1. 8An$ t&" 8ta0 at . @ )"v") o3 i-ni3i!an!" @. 1.



50/63

H'(ot&" i III7

Ta0)" ?.117 Ha ,otivation 0#o*-&t a0o*t *!!" in 'o*# o#-ani4ation o("#ation=

RESPONDENTS

RESPONSE

T

M

L

TOTAL

V

Y"

No

1

1

1

1

@

8@

TOTAL

1

1

1


51/63

1

So*#!"7 Fi")$ S*#v"'2 8 .

Ta0)" ?.117

CALL

O

E

O E

5O E68

5O E68

E

121

128

12:

821

828

82:

1

1

. @

.@

.?

. @:


52/63

.?8

.@:

. @

.?8

.?

. @:

.?8

.?

. 8@

.1 ?

.88

. 8

.1 ?

.88

. 8

. 8::

. 8::

. @8

1.

.?1

1.@1

8Ca) 1.@1

T&" $"!i ion #*)" i t&at2 i3 t&" 8!a) W 8ta02 a!!"(t t&" H1 &'(ot&" i an$ #"/"!t i3 ot&"#%i ".T&" &'(ot&" i i t" t"$ %it& . @ )"v") o3 i-ni3i!an!" * in- t&" #")at"$ $"-#"" o3 3#""$o,.


53/63

D.F 5R 16 5C 16 9&"#"7 R Ro%

58 16 5: 16 C Co)*,n

8

So2 #" tatin- &'(ot&" i III

HO7 T&" *!!" o3 an o#-ani4ation $o" not $"("n$ on t&" ,otivationa) (#o!"$*#" 0"in-a$o(t"$.


F#o, ta0)" ?.117

T&" 8!a) 1.@1

An$ t&" 8ta0 at . @ )"v") o3 i-ni3i!an!" @. 1.


?.@ DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS

Ba "$ on t&" %o# $on" o 3a# in t&i !&a(t"#2 " ("!ia))' in (a#a-#a(& ?.: an$ ?.? #" ("!tiv")'2to-"t&"# %it& ot&"# +*" tion a$,ini t"#"$ 0' t&" #" (on$"nt in t&" +*" tionnai#"2 it %a$i !ov"#"$ t&at ,otivation i v"#' "33"!tiv" in a!&i"vin- &i-&"# (#o$*!tivit'. oint !on *)tation i0"in- (#a!ti!"$ (o itiv")'2 a a ,"t&o$ o3 o0tainin- ",()o'"" vi"% on (#o0)", an$(#o(o "$ !&an-" 0"3o#" 3ina) $"!i ion a#" ta "n.

Mana-","nt in!o#(o#at"$ $i33"#"nt ,"an *!& a 7 (#o,otion o3 ta332 -oo$ #",*n"#ation2 %")3a#" "#vi!"2 t#ainin- an$ "$*!ation on /o0 an$ (#ovi ion o3 !&o)a# &i( an$ a%a#$ to #"taint&" )o'a)t' o3 t&"i# ta33.

Con!)* iv")'2 on" !an $"$*!" t&at ,otivation o3 %o# "# i " "ntia) an$ in$i ("n a0)" to%a#$#"a)i4in- o#-ani4ationa) -oa) .

CHAPTER FI;E


54/63

SUMAMRY2 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

@.1 SUMMARY

T&" ai, o3 t&i t*$' i to $"t"#,in" %&"t&"# ,otivation i "33"!tiv" in a!&i"vin- &i-&"#(#o$*!tivit' a,on- %o# "# in Int"#!ontin"nta) Ban P)!2 ot&"# #")"vant a#"a %&i!& t&" t*$'&i-&)i-&t"$ a#"7 t&" #"a!tion o3 t&" %o# "# to%a#$ t&"i# $*ti" %&"n ,otivation i ",()o'"$ 0't&" ",()o'"# an$ &o% t&" ,ana-"# !an a(()' ,otivationa) t&"o#i" o3 ,ana-","nt in t&"i#att",(t to $i#"!t t&" /o0 0"&avio*# o3 ",()o'"" to%a#$ t&" -oa) o3 t&"i# " ta0)i &,"nt.

T&" -"n"#a) $" !#i(tion o3 t&" a#"a o3 t*$'2 %&i!& $"(i!t"$ t&" in"vita0i)it' o3 ,otivation ina!&i"vin- &i-&"# (#o$*!tivit' in an o#-ani4ation2 %a tat"$. In t&" !o*# " o3 t&" t*$'2

tat","nt o3 (#o0)", *!& a %o# "# )"avin- t&" o#-ani4ation $*" to (oo# ,otivation2 t&"i#

*n%i))in-n" to ("#3o#, t&"i# $*ti" %")) an$ &o% to ,otivat" t&", to a!&i"vin- $" i#"$(#o$*!tivit' )"v") %"#" (oint"$ o*t. To a !"#tain t&" a(()i!ation o3 t&" ,otivationa) t"!&ni+*"0' t&" o#-ani4ation !on!"#n"$ an$ to no% t&" (#o0)", in&i0itin- t&" *!!" o3 t&" ",()o'"",otivation in t&" o#-ani4ation 3o#, " "ntia) (a#t o3 t&" o0/"!tiv" o3 t&" t*$'.


55/63

Fi# t)'2 ,otivation i ",()o'"$ on #"-*)a# 0a i . T&" 3a!t t&at ,otivation i ",()o'"$ #"-*)a#)'&o% it i,(o#tan!" in a!&i"vin- &i-&"# (#o$*!tivit' a,on- %o# "# . It %a a) o o0 "#v"$ t&at

it )"v") o3 #")ia0i)it' an$ #")"van!" to%a#$ (#o$*!tivit' !annot 0" ov"# ",(&a i4"$.

F*#t&"#,o#"2 it * "3*)n" in * tainin- t&" "33i!i"n!' an$ "33"!tiv"n" o3 %o# "# in t&"o#-ani4ation 3*#t&"# #"v"a) it in$i ("n a0i)it'.

Mo#" o2 va#io* ,"an o3 ,otivation *!& a 2 -oo$ #",*n"#ation2 %")3a#" "#vi!" an$ t#ainin-o3 ta33 "t! &a 0""n 0#o*-&t into )i,")i-&t t&at %a * "$ in t&" o#-ani4ation.

On t&" i *" o3 ("# ona) $ata in t&" +*" tionnai#"2 it %a o0 "#v"$ t&at t&" ,a)" %o# "# in t&"!o,(an'2 i.". Int"#!ontin"nta) Ban P)! a#" ,o#" t&an t&" 3",a)" !o*nt"#(a#t . T&i i,()i"t&at2 ,o#" ,a)" a#" 0"in- ",()o'"$ t&an 3",a)" in t&" o#-ani4ation.

Con!)* iv")'2 t&" ta o3 * in- ,otivation to a!&i"vin- &i-&"# (#o$*!tivit' i %o#t&' !on i$"#in-a)) t&" " a!!#*in- 0"n"3it tat"$ "a#)i"#.

@.: RECOMMENDATIONS

T&" 3o))o%in- a#" t&" #"!o,,"n$ation %&i!& a#" 3o*n$ * "3*) an$ i3 #ationa))' a$o(t"$2 %i)) -oa )on- %a' in "n&an!in- t&" "33"!tiv"n" an$ t&" * "3*)n" o3 ,otivation in a!&i"vin- &i-&"#(#o$*!tivit' in t&" o#-ani4ation. T&" " #"!o,,"n$ation in!)*$"7

v Sin!" ,otivation in v"#' "33"!tiv" to%a#$ a!&i"vin- &i-&"# (#o$*!tivit'2 t&"#" i n""$ 3o# t&",ana-","nt o3 Int"#!ontin"nta) Ban P)! to #"-*)a#)' * " it in o#$"# to 0"n"3it 3#o, it"33"!tiv"n" .

v T&" !o,(an' &o*)$ !ontin*o* )' ",0a# on #"!#*it,"nt an$ t#ainin- o3 ta33 in #" (on " tot&"i# n""$ .


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v Mana-","nt o3 t&" 0an &o*)$ !on i$"# t&" ",()o',"nt o3 ,o#" 3",a)" ta33 in!"nat*#a))'2 it %i)) "#v" a ,otivation 3o# t&" ,a)" !o*nt"#(a#t in int"#a!tin- %it& o((o it" " 2(#o$*!in- o!ia) )iv")in" t&at a) o "n!o*#a-" "33i!i"n!' an$ "33"!tiv"n" in an o#-ani4ation.

v T&" va#io* ,"an 3o# ,otivation $i !ov"#"$ an$ tat"$ in t&" !&a(t"# t%o an$ in t&"!on!)* ion o3 t&i #" "a#!& %o# &o*)$ 0" t#i!t)' a$&"#"$ to 0' t&" ,ana-","nt o t&at(#o$*!tivit' )"v") "n/o' in t&" !o*# " o3 * in- ,otivation !an 0" ,aintain"$ an$ "v"n in!#"a "$.

v T&" (a! a-" 5in!"ntiv" 6 &o*)$ 0" "n/o'"$ 0' a)) t&" %o# "# %it&o*t an' $i !#i,inationan$ $i !#"(an!' to (#"v"nt )oo(&o)" to a!&i"vin- t&"i# o#-ani4ation -oa) .

@.? LIMITATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER STUDIES

T&" +*" tionnai#" *33"#"$ a (oo# #" (on " 3#o, t&" to( )"v") ,ana-","nt $*" to t&"i# ti-&tan$ 0* ' !&"$*)" in %&i!& t&"i# a0 o)*t" (o itiv" #" (on " %o*)$ &av" -iv"n ("#3"!t

/*$-,"nt on t&" "33"!tiv"n" o3 ,otivation to%a#$ &i-&"# (#o$*!tivit'.

Mo#" o2 t&" #" "a#!& %o# !o*)$ not !ov"# %i$" #an-" o3 #" (on$"nt $*" to ti," an$ 3inan!ia)!on t#aint .

9it& t&" "2 it %o*)$ 0" *--" t"$ t&at an' ot&"# #" "a#!&"#5 6 %i))in- to $o &i >&"#>t&"i##" "a#!& %o# on t&i a#"a &o*)$ "n$"avo*# to -"t ,*!& o3 t&" o(inion 3#o, ,i$$)" an$)o%"# )"v") ,ana-","nt %&o %"#" not a 0* ' a t&" to( )"v") ,ana-"# .

Con!)* iv")'2 3*t*#" #" "a#!&"# in t&i a#"a o3 %o# &o*)$ 0a " t&"i# #" "a#!& %o# on a)) o#o," ")"!t"$ !o,(ani" in t&" Ban in- In$* t#' in o#$"# to &av" a %i$"# !o(" o3 it 5i.".

,otivation6 "33"!tiv"n" an$ t&" Ban in- "!to#.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

A$"$a'o2 A.O. 51 67 Un$"# tan$in- Stati ti! 2 La-o 7 AS P*0)i &"# .

A-0ato2 .O. 51 67 T&" Nat*#" o3 Mana-","nt2 La-o 7 H"in",ann P*0)i &in- Co,(an'.


57/63

A/a'i N") on 51 167 Mana-"#ia) P)annin- an$ Cont#o)2 I0a$an7 Univ"# it' o3 I0a$an P#"Li,it"$.

A int*n$"2 O. 58 @67 Ho% to Motivat" 9o# "# to A!&i"v" Hi-&"# P#o$*!tivit'2 I0a$an7Un(*0)i &"$ ND T&" " 2 B* in" St*$i" 2 T&" Po)'t"!&ni!2 I0a$an2 Ni-"#ia.

Bat",an2 T. an$ Sn"))2 S. 51 167 Mana-","nt7 B*i)$in- Co,("titiv" A$vanta-"2 Bo ton7 ?t&E$ition2 M!G#a% Hi)) Boo Int"#nationa).

Don")' Gi0 on 51 ?67 F*n$a,"nta) o3 Mana-","nt P)an2 USA7 T" a B* in" Co,(an'.

Fo)a/in La in 58 167 P '!&o)o-' Ma$" Ea '2 O o-0o7 I3" O)* P#intin- P#" 2 Station Roa$2O o-0o2 Ni-"#ia.

Ko)a%o)"2 E.O. 58 867 T&" E33"!tiv"n" o3 A*$ito# R"(o#t on Mana-","nt D"!i ion Ma in- o3So," S")"!t"$ Co,(ani" in In *#an!" In$* t#i" 2 La-o 7 Un(*0)i &"$ B.S!. A!!o*ntin-2Univ"# it' o3 A$o E iti2 Davi Bin$"# P#int"# .

L*t&an F#"$ 51 67 O#-ani4ationa) B"&avio*#2 Bo ton7 t& E$ition2 M!G#a% Bi)) BooInt"#nationa).

Ma#! 9a))"! "t a) 51 ?67 Mana-in- B"&avio*# in O#-ani4ation .

O)a-*n/*2 Y.A. an$ A%o'o *n2 A.A. 58 ?67 E)","nt o3 R" "a#!& T"!&ni+*" 2 I0a$an7 Hi-&)an$

P*0)i &"# 2 I0a$an2 Ni-"#ia.

O)*3*n " O. O'"n*-a 58 67 P#in!i()" o3 Mana-","nt2 La-o 7 To)a3i P#" .

O%o/o#i2 A.A. 58 867 Mana-"#ia) R" "a#!&2 La-o 7 Ka'!"" P*0)i &"# .


58/63

Ro-"# O)$,an 51 867 Mana-","nt2 Lon$on7 Lon$on Pan Boo P*0)i &in- Co,(an'.

S!&%a#t4. D. 51 67 Int#o$*!tion to Mana-","nt P#in!i()" 2 P#a!ti!" an$ P#o!" 2 avanovi$2Ha#!o*#t B#a " P*0)i &in- Coo("#ation.

T#"%at&a N"%(oint 51 867 Mana-","nt7 USA7 T" a B* in" Co,(an' Int"#nationa).

S") &2 A.N. 51 67 T&" S i)) o3 Mana-","nt2 Lon$on7 Lon$on Go%"# P#" Fi")$ Li,it"$.

OURNAL7

Int"#!ontin"nta) Ban P)! 58 @67 Ann*a) R"(o#t an$ A!!o*nt .

MONOGRAPH7

9o)" A$" ina 58 867 P#o/"!t 9#itin- Man*a)2 Un(*0)i &"$.


59/63

RE7


60/63

0. F",a)" [ ]

8. Ma#ita) tat* 7

a. Sin-)" [ ]

0. Ma##i"$ [ ]

:. A-"7

a. Un$"# 8 '"a# [ ]

0. 81 : '"a# [ ]

!. :1 ? '"a# [ ]

$. ? an$ a0ov" [ ]

?. A!a$",i! an$ (#o3" iona) +*a)i3i!ation 7

a. OND>NCE &o)$"# [ ]

0. B.S!.>HND &o)$"# [ ]

!. M.S!.>MBA &o)$"# [ ]

$. P#o3" iona) 5P)"a " ("!i3'67 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

@. Po t>Ran 7 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

. 9o# in- " ("#i"n!"7

a. L" t&an 1 '"a# [ ]

0. B"t%""n 11 1 '"a# [ ]

!. B"t%""n 8 8 '"a# [ ]

$. Ov"# : '"a# [ ]


61/63

SECTION B7

ORGANI ATIONAL DATA

. Na," o3 t&" !o,(an'7 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

. Si4" o3 t&" !o,(an'7

a. S,a)) [ ]

0. M"$i*, [ ]

!. La#-" [ ]

. T*#nov"#7

a. B")o% N1 ,i))ion [ ]

0. B"t%""n N1 N: ,i))ion [ ]

!. B"t%""n N: N@ ,i))ion [ ]

$. Ov"# N@ ,i))ion [ ]

1 . D"(a#t,"nt7 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

SECTION C7

IMPACT OF MO;ITATION ON 9ORKERS PRODUCTI;ITY

11. Do %o# "# ,otivation "33"!tiv" in a!&i"vin- &i-&"# (#o$*!tivit'=

a. Y" [ ]

0. No [ ]

18. I3 '" 2 &o% "33"!tiv" i it 3o# &i-&"# (#o$*!tivit'=

a. Fai#)' "33"!tiv" [ ]


62/63

0. ;"#' "33"!tiv" [ ]

!. No "33"!tiv" [ ]

$. I $on t no% [ ]

1:. I t&"#" 0oo tin- in t&" ("#3o#,an!" o3 t&" ",()o'"" a a #" *)t o3 ,otivation=

a. Y" [ ]

0. No [ ]

1?. Do" a$o(tion o3 ,otivationa) t"!&ni+*" a*to,ati!a))' in!#"a " %o# "# (#o$*!tivit'=

a. Y" [ ]

0. No [ ]

1@. Ha ,otivation 0#o*-&t a0o*t *!!" in 'o*# o#-ani4ation o("#ation =

a. Y" [ ]

0. No [ ]

1 . A#" t&"#" $i33"#"n!" in t&" %a' ta33 an$ %o# "# a#" t#"at"$ in 'o*# o#-ani4ation=

a. Y" [ ]

0. No [ ]

!. I3 '" 2 i an't&in- 0"in- $on" to #",ov" t&" " $i33"#"n!" =

XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

1 . Ho% o3t"n $o" 'o*# !o,(an' ",0a# on t#ainin- an$ #"!#*it,"nt o3 ta33=

a. A)) '"a# #o*n$ [ ]

0.


63/63

$. In #" (on " to t&" n""$ o3 "a!& $"(a#t,"nt [ ]

1 . Ha 'o*# !o,(an' at an' ti," in t&" (a t *33"#"$ )o% t*#nov"# a a #" *)t o3 t&" ("# onn")(o)i!' 0"in- i,()","nt"$=

a. Y" [ ]

0. No [ ]

1 . 9&at &a 'o*# !o,(an' $on" to #"tain t&" )o'a)t' o3 it ta33=

a. P#o,otion o3 ta33 '"a#)' [ ]

0. Goo$ #",*n"#ation [ ]

!. 9")3a#" "#vi!" [ ]

$. T#ainin- an$ "$*!ation on /o0 [ ]

". S!&o)a# &i( an$ a%a#$ [ ]

3. P)"a " in$i!at" an' !o,0ination a0ov"7 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

8 . Do" 'o*# !o,(an' !)"a#)' $"3in">#" ("!t t#a$" *nion (o ition o3 it ",()o'"" =

a. Y" [ ]

0. No [ ]

81. I /oint !on *)tation (#a!ti!"$ (o itiv")' a a ,"t&o$ o3 o0tainin- ",()o'"" vi"% on(#o0)", an$ (#o(o "$ !&a#-" 0"3o#" 3ina) $"!i ion a#" ta "n=

a. Y" [ ]

0. No [ ]

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A Case Study of Intercontinental Bank Plc on Motivation