a brief of Indian election

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    Indian general election, 2009 1

    Indian general election, 2009

    Indian general election, 2009

    2004 members

    16 April, 22/23 April, 30 April, 7 May and 13 May 2009 2014

    All 543 seats in the Lok Sabha272 seats were needed for a majority

    First party Second party Third party

    Leader Manmohan Singh Lal Krishna Advani Prakash Karat

    Party Congress BJP CPI(M)

    Alliance UPA NDA TF

    Leader since 22 May 2004 1 June 2004 11 April 2005

    Leader's seat Assam(Rajya Sabha)

    Gandhinagar None

    Last election 218 seats, 35.4% 181 seats, 33.3% 59 seats, 7.7%(w/ Left Front)

    Seats won 262 159 79

    Seat change 80 17 30

    Popular vote 153,482,356 102,689,312 88,174,229

    Percentage 37.22% 24.63% 21.15%

    Swing 3.96% 4.88% 1.06%

    Results of the National and Regional parties by alliances.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Indische_Parlamentswahlen_2009.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Decrease2.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Decrease2.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Increase2.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Decrease2.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Decrease2.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Increase2.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gandhinagar_%28Lok_Sabha_constituency%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rajya_Sabhahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rajya_Sabha_members_from_Assamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_National_Progressive_Alliancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Democratic_Alliance_%28India%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_Progressive_Alliancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bharatiya_Janata_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_National_Congresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prakash_Karathttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lal_Krishna_Advanihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manmohan_Singhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Prakashkarat.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:LK_Advani.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Manmohansingh04052007.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lok_Sabhahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election%2C_2014http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_members_of_the_14th_Lok_Sabha_%28by_state%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election%2C_2004http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_India.svg
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    Indian general election, 2009 2

    Prime Minister beforeelectionManmohan SinghUPA

    PrimeMinister-designate

    Manmohan SinghUPA

    Republic of India

    This article is part of theseries:

    Politics and government of India

    Other countries Atlas

    Government of India portal

    India held general elections to the 15th Lok Sabha in five phases between 16 April 2009 and 13 May 2009. With anelectorate of 714 million (larger than the electorate of the European Union and United States combined [1]), it was thelargest democratic election in the world to date.

    By constitutional requirement, elections to the Lok Sabha (lower house of the parliament of India) must be heldevery five years, or whenever Parliament is dissolved by the President of India. The previous election to the 14thLok Sabha was conducted in May 2004 and its term would have naturally expired on 1 June 2009. Elections areorganized by the Election Commission of India (ECI) and are normally held in multiple phases to better handle thelarge electoral base and its security concerns. The 2009 elections were held in five phases. In February 2009,Rs.1,120 Crores ($200.5 million) was budgeted for election expenses by the Indian Parliament.

    The average election turnout over all 5 phases was around 59.7%. The results of the election were announced withinthree days of phase five, on 16 May 2009, following the first past the post system.

    The United Progressive Alliance (UPA) led by the Indian National Congress formed the government after obtainingthe majority of sea ts based on strong res ults in Andhra Pradesh, Kera la, Maharashtra, Rajas than, Ta mil Nadu, UttarPradesh and West Bengal. Manmohan Singh became the first prime minister since Jawaharlal Nehru in 1962 to bere-elected after completing a full five-year term. The UPA was able to put together a comfortable majority withsupport from 322 members out of 543 members of the House. Though this is less than the 335 members whosupported the UPA in the last parliament, UPA alone had a plurality of over 260 seats as opposed to 218 seats in the14th Lok Sabha. Hence the government appears to be more stable than the previous one. External support came fromthe Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP), Samajwadi Party (SP), Janata Dal (Secular) (JD(S)), Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) andother minor parties.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bahujan_Samaj_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Samajwadi_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Janata_Dal_%28Secular%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rashtriya_Janata_Dalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rashtriya_Janata_Dalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Janata_Dal_%28Secular%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Samajwadi_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bahujan_Samaj_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election%2C_1962http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jawaharlal_Nehruhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manmohan_Singhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=West_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uttar_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uttar_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tamil_Naduhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rajasthanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maharashtrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Keralahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andhra_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_National_Congresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_Progressive_Alliancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=First_past_the_post_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dollarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Croreshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_rupeehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Election_Commission_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=14th_Lok_Sabhahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=14th_Lok_Sabhahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=President_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elections_in_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Electionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Democracyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=European_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lok_Sabhahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=15th_Lok_Sabhahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=General_elections_in_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Government_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Emblem_of_India.svghttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Atlas_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Outline_of_political_science%23Politics_by_regionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Politics_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Politics_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Emblem_of_India.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Republic_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_Progressive_Alliancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manmohan_Singhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_Progressive_Alliancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manmohan_Singhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_India
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    Indian general election, 2009 3

    On 22 May 2009, Manmohan Singh was sworn in as the Prime Minister at the Ashoka Hall of Rashtrapati Bhavan.As per convention, on 18 May, he had already submitted his resignation as the Prime Minister to President PratibhaPatil with a recommendation to dissolve the Council of Ministers.

    Background

    The election, while following the normal five-year cycle, came after a break in the old UPA alliance after the LeftFront withdrew support of the Indo-US nuclear deal forcing a vote of confidence (which the government won).

    Electoral issues

    Delimitation

    The 2009 elections adopted re-drawn electoral constituencies based on the census [2], following the 2002Delimitation Commission of India, whose recommendations were approved in February 2008.

    In the 2009 general elections, 499 out of the total 543 Parliamentary constituencies were newly delimited

    constituencies. This affected the National Capital Region of Delhi, the Union Territory of Puducherry and all thestates except Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Jammu & Kashmir, Jharkhand, Manipur and Nagaland. While comparingelection results, it must be borne in mind that in many instances a constituency with the same name may reflect asignificantly different population demographic as well as a slightly altered geographical region.

    Electronic voting machines

    As in the 2004 election, this election was also conducted completely using electronic voting machines (EVMs), with1,368,430 voting machines deployed across the country.

    Polling stations

    There were 828,804 polling stations around the country - a 20% increase over the number from the 2004 election.This was done mainly to avoid vulnerability to threat and intimidation, to overcome geographical barriers and toreduce the distance travelled by voters.

    The CEC announced that the polling station in Banej village in the Una segment of Junagadh, Gujarat had the uniqueclaim to being the only polling station in the country that catered to a single elector Guru Shree Bharatdasji Bapu,a priest of a Shiva temple in the middle of the Gir Forest.

    Electoral rolls

    The electoral rolls had to be completely updated because of the delimitation that took effect from February 2008.

    The process of updating the electoral rolls continued until the last date of filing nominations. 714 million peoplewere eligible to vote in 2009, up 6.4% (43 million) from 2004.

    This election also saw the entire country except the states of Assam, Nagaland and Jammu & Kashmir use photoelectoral rolls. This meant that the photo of each elector was printed on the electoral rolls and this was intended tofacilitate easy identification and prevent impersonations.

    In addition to the photo electoral rolls, the electors also needed to provide separate photo identification. Thoseelectors who had already been issued Electoral Photo Identification Cards (EPIC) were only permitted to use theEPIC for identification at the polling station. According to the EC, 82% of the country's electors (except those inAssam) have been issued EPIC before the 2009 election was announced.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jammu_%26_Kashmirhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nagalandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Assamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Boundary_delimitationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Electoral_rollhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gir_Foresthttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lord_Shivahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gujarathttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Junagadh_%28Lok_Sabha_constituency%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Una%2C_Gujarathttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Polling_Stationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_voting_machineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nagalandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manipurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jharkhandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jammu_%26_Kashmirhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Assamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arunachal_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=States_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Puducherryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Union_Territoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Capital_Region_%28India%29%23NCT_Delhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Constituencies_of_the_Lok_Sabhahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Delimitation_Commission_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_states_and_territories_of_India_by_population%7C2001http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vote_of_confidencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indo-US_nuclear_dealhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Left_Front_%28India%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Left_Front_%28India%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pratibha_Patilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pratibha_Patilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rashtrapati_Bhavan
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    Indian general election, 2009 4

    Polling schedule

    Background

    The Chief Election Commissioner of India (CEC), N. Gopalaswami, had stated on 28 December 2008, that theelections were likely to be held between April and May 2009. He attributed this schedule to the examination period

    from February to March, making polling places unavailable.On 31 January 2009, fractures within the Election Commission came to the fore when Gopalaswami recommendedto President Pratibha Patil that Election Commissioner Navin Chawla be sacked for behaving in a partisan manner.This recommendation in itself was controversial, as it was unclear if a CEC had the legal and constitutional right toprovide such a unilateral recommendation. Chawla refused to resign as he was expected to take over the post of Chief Election Commissioner a few months later.

    This controversy also resulted in speculation that the Election Commission was unable to agree on the actual pollingdates, with the incumbent CEC Gopalaswami preferring that at least one phase of elections be held before hisretirement on 20 April 2009. Navin Chawla, on the other hand, wanted the election to only start after Gopalaswamiretired.

    Eventually, on 1 March 2009, President Patil rejected Gopalaswami's recommendation to remove Chawla after theGovernment advised her to do so. Soon after the above announcement by President Patil, the ElectionCommissioners got together to announce the details of the general election.

    The polling schedule for the 2009 General Elections was announced by the Chief Election Commissioner on 2March 2009.

    Subsequently, the President's House announced on 4 March 2009 that CEC Gopalaswami would retire as scheduledon 20 April 2009 and Navin Chawla would take over as CEC starting 21 April 2009. It was the first time in thehistory of Indian politics that two different people oversaw different phases of the same election.

    Polling schedule

    Polling schedule for each State/UT in 2009 General Elections

    States/UTs Constituencies Phases

    Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Phase 4 Phase 5 Avg

    Turnout

    16

    April

    Turnout 22/23

    April

    Turnout 30

    April

    Turnout 7

    May

    Turnout 13

    May

    Turnout

    Andaman &Nicobar Islands

    1 1 1 64.15% - - - - 64.15%

    Andhra Pradesh 42 2 22 69.75% 20 75.50% - - - 72.40%

    Arunachal Pradesh 2 1 2 65.00% - - - - 65.00%

    Assam 14 2 3 67.61% 11 70.06% - - - 69.68%

    Bihar 40 4 13 43.21% 13 45.83% 11 100% 3 37.00% - 44.27%

    Chandigarh 1 1 - - - - 1 65.51% 65.51%

    Chhattisgarh 11 1 11 58.19% - - - - 58.19%

    Dadra & NagarHaveli

    1 1 - - 1 73.22% - - 73.22%

    Daman & Diu 1 1 - - 1 71.85% - - 71.85%

    Delhi 7 1 - - - 7 51.79% - 51.79%

    Goa 2 1 - 2 55.42% - - - 55.42%

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    Indian general election, 2009 5

    Gujarat 26 1 - - 26 47.92% - - 47.92%

    Haryana 10 1 - - - 10 67.67% - 67.67%

    Himachal Pradesh 4 1 - - - - 4 58.35% 58.35%

    Jammu & Kashmir 6 5 1 49.68% 1 44.73% 1 26.43% 1 25.38% 2 45.63% 39.66%

    Jharkhand 14 2 6 51.16% 8 48.86% - - - 49.77%

    Karnataka 28 2 - 17 60.00% 11 58.48% - - 59.44%

    Kerala 20 1 20 73.33% - - - - 73.33%

    Lakshadweep 1 1 1 86.10% - - - - 86.10%

    Madhya Pradesh 29 2 - 13 51.39% 16 51.22% - - 51.30%

    Maharashtra 48 3 13 55.74% 25 49.18% 10 41.24% - - 49.17%

    Manipur 2 2 1 83.70% 1 75.50% - - - 79.80%

    Meghalaya 2 1 2 64.40% - - - - 64.40%

    Mizoram 1 1 1 50.93% - - - - 50.93%

    Nagaland 1 1 1 90.21% - - - - 90.21%

    Orissa 21 2 10 64.90% 11 62.00% - - - 63.35%

    Puducherry 1 1 - - - - 1 79.70% 79.70%

    Punjab 13 2 - - - 4 72.78% 9 68.13% 69.58%

    Rajasthan 25 1 - - - 25 48.50% - 48.50%

    Sikkim 1 1 - - 1 82.00% - - 82.00%

    Tamil Nadu 39 1 - - - - 39 72.46% 72.46%

    Tripura 2 1 - 2 83.91% - - - 83.91%

    Uttar Pradesh 80 5 16 45.37% 17 45.48% 15 46.12% 18 48.00% 14 47.55% 46.45%

    Uttarakhand 5 1 - - - - 5 53.67% 53.67%

    West Bengal 42 3 - - 14 80.71% 17 82.60% 11 76.30% 78.93%

    Total

    constituencies

    543 124

    59.07%

    141

    56.66%

    107

    52.12%

    85

    52.32%

    86

    65.74% 56.97%

    Total states/UTs polling on this day 17 13 11 8 9

    States/UTs Constituencies

    Number of states and UTs polling in single phase 22 164

    Number of states and UTs polling in two phases 8 163

    Number of states and UTs polling in three phases 2 90

    Number of states and UTs polling in four phases 1 40

    Number of states and UTs polling in five phases 2 86

    Total 35 543

    Source: Election Commission of India

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    Indian general election, 2009 6

    CoalitionsThe 2009 general election saw three main national pre-poll alliances. Given the volatile nature of coalition politics inIndia, many parties changed alliances before, during and after the elections. The two larger coalitions, UPA andNDA, had clearly indicated their prime ministerial candidates during campaigning for the election. The Third Frontannounced repeatedly through the campaigning period that their prime ministerial candidate would only be decided

    after the election results came out. In Indian parliamentary system, the announcement of Prime Ministerialcandidates prior to elections is not required.

    United Progressive Alliance

    Prime Minister candidate : Manmohan Singh (Indian National Congress (INC))

    The United Progressive Alliance (UPA) was formed after the 2004 general election to bring together parties thateither allied with the Congress in various states, or were willing to support a Congress-led national government.Though the UPA never enjoyed a clear majority on its own in the 14th Lok Sabha, it managed to complete itsfive-year term from 2004 to 2009 by securing outside support from the Left Front, Samajwadi Party and BahujanSamaj Party at different times during this tenure.

    Following the August 2008 confidence vote victory for the current government, a statement by Congress PresidentSonia Gandhi caused speculation that the UPA would project Prime Minister Manmohan Singh as the PrimeMinisterial candidate in the next elections. While Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) leader M. Karunanidhisupported Manmohan Singh as the PM candidate, Nationalist Congress Party (NCP) chief Sharad Pawar tried toproject himself as a possible Prime Ministerial candidate as well. On 24 January 2009, Manmohan Singh underwenta cardiac bypass surgery at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi. Following the surgery,speculation of alternate PM candidates arose both within the Congress and amongst coalition partners. In an attemptto quell such speculations, Sonia Gandhi on 6 February 2009, confirmed that Manmohan Singh would be the UPA'sPM candidate by writing so in the Congress party magazine Sandesh . This was the first time in the history of Indian

    elections that the Congress party had declared its Prime Ministerial candidate prior to the elections.

    National Democratic Alliance

    Prime Minister candidate : Lal Krishna Advani (Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP))

    The National Democratic Alliance (NDA) was the first large national coalition formed by a national party supportedby various regional parties. It was formed after the 1998 general election and the NDA formed the Government ledby BJP's Atal Bihari Vajpayee. The government collapsed a few months later, but the NDA returned to power afterthe 1999 general election and this time the Vajpayee-led Government completed its full term from 1999 to 2004.Due to the volatile nature of coalitions, NDA won 181 seats after the 2004 election, but due to parties changingalliances, before the 2009 election they had 142 seats.

    The main opposition party, BJP, and its NDA coalition partners announced on 11 December 2007 (more than a yearbefore the election) that their candidate for prime minister would be BJP party leader Advani who was the Leader of the Opposition at the time. On 23 January 2008, leaders from BJP and other NDA parties convened in the capital toofficially elect him as their candidate for the election.

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    Indian general election, 2009 7

    Third Front

    Seats: The newly formed alliance carried with them 109 seats before the 2009 election.

    The Left Front led the formation of the Third Front for the 2009 election. This front was basically a collection of regional political parties who were neither in UPA nor in the NDA. Most of the constituents of this Third Front werethose who were part of the United Progressive Alliance (UPA).

    Fourth Front

    Seats: The newly formed alliance carried with them 64 seats before the 2009 election.

    The Samajwadi Party, Rashtriya Janata Dal and the Lok Janshakti Party failed to reach seat sharing agreements withthe Congress and decided to form a new front, hoping to be kingmakers after the election. Despite announcing thisfront, the constituent parties continued to declare their support for the UPA.

    Campaign

    United Progressive Alliance

    The Congress party bought the rights for the Oscar winning soundtrack "Jai Ho" from the movie SlumdogMillionaire, which was used as the official campaign tune by the party. The song title "Jai Ho" translates to 'Let therebe victory', and the Congress hoped that the popular song would galvanise the masses during the almost one monthlong election season. [3]

    On 24 March 2009, Congress President Sonia Gandhi released the party's manifesto for the 2009 election. Themanifesto highlighted all the achievements of the UPA Government over the last five years in power and identifiedimproving various policies to favour more rural & under-privileged sections of the Indian society.

    The Congress campaign ran into trouble when the Election Commission took exception to a full page advertisementon the 2010 Commonwealth Games taken out in major Delhi newspapers. The EC served notice to the Ministry of

    Youth Affairs and Sports, the Cabinet Secretary and the Chief Secretary of Delhi, stating that the advertisement wasa clear violation of the model code of conduct since it enumerated the achievements of the UPA Government. TheEC has also asked the violators to pay from their own pockets. [4][5]

    National Democratic Alliance

    To counter the Congress' selection of "Jai Ho" as their official anthem, the BJP coined the phrase Kushal Neta, Nirnayak Sarkaar which translates to "Able leader, decisive government". The BJP hoped to benefit from the factthat they had been consistently projecting one single leader, Advani, as the party's Prime Ministerial candidate formore than one year, while the Congress appeared to have dual power centres (party President Sonia Gandhi andincumbent Prime Minister Manmohan Singh). The BJP intended to use Advani's name & image as the main focus inthese elections. [6]

    On 3 April 2009, BJP released its election manifesto in New Delhi. The party was taking on the incumbent UPAGovernment on the three fronts of Good Governance, Development and Security . The manifesto highlighted all thedifferent NDA policies that the UPA reversed over the last five years. The manifesto laid a lot of importance onrequiring strong, POTA-like anti-terrorism laws and vowed to make India a safer place if the BJP is elected. The fulltext of the manifesto is available at the BJP website.

    The BJP campaign faced its biggest controversy when the EC directed the District Magistrate of Pilibhit to lodge acriminal case against the BJP's candidate Varun Gandhi for his allegedly inflammatory speech against minoritycommunities made on 7 March 2009. This decision was taken after the EC had earlier issued a notice to Varun

    Gandhi and the BJP. After reviewing the incident, the EC found Varun Gandhi guilty of violating the model code ofconduct by creating feeling of enmity and hatred between different communities and issued a recommendation the

    http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Varun_Gandhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pilibhit_%28Lok_Sabha_constituency%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=District_Magistratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prevention_of_Terrorist_Activities_Acthttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_Delhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chief_Secretaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cabinet_Secretary%23Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ministry_of_Youth_Affairs_and_Sportshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ministry_of_Youth_Affairs_and_Sportshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2010_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Slumdog_Millionairehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Slumdog_Millionairehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jai_Ho_%28song%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=81st_Academy_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lok_Janshakti_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rashtriya_Janata_Dalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Samajwadi_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Left_Front_%28India%29
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    BJP to drop him from their list of candidates. The BJP however came out in support of Varun and refused to drophim as a candidate.

    Third Front

    The Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) and the parties associated with the Left Front formed a Third

    Front. The Third Front tried to contest the election, hoping to create a non-BJP, non-Congress government, byattracting many local and regional parties, that were once with the other two alliances. The Third Front came into thealliance with 83 MPs, and various polling conducted before the election projected the alliance of getting over 100seats. The CPI(M) created a campaign website hosting its campaign information to attract sympathisers among thenetizen public to vote for the party. [7][8]

    Innovative Technology Usage During Campaigning

    During this election, political parties used technology in innovative ways to reach out to the voters. Although SMShad been used during prior elections, political parties had realized that the rural and illiterate voters which form amajority couldn't read. Young and technology savvy politicians quickly realized that voice was the way to reach out

    to the rural community as they could speak their language. This turned out to be very interesting as two voicecompanies from India, TringMe and VoiceHawk played the pivotal role in reaching out to the billion people of India. [9]

    Opinion pollingMost opinion polls conducted by major agencies gave the UPA an edge over the NDA, but none were predicted toget absolute majority. The UPA including the Fourth front was, however, predicted by a few to get seats close tomajority. The opinion polls reckoned that other regional parties would play an important role by winning asubstantial number of seats. In results where the "Fourth Front" is indicated, the SP, RJD and LJP are not being

    counted in the UPA figure.

    Pre-poll surveys

    Agency Dates Results

    CNN-IBN CSDS 8 Jan to 15/09Wikipedia:Pleaseclarify

    UPA 215 235, NDA 165 185, Others 125 155

    Star Nielsen 5 Mar to 17 Mar 2009 UPA 257 (Congress 144), NDA 184 (BJP 137), Others 96

    Star Nielsen 26 Mar 3 Apr 2009 UPA 203 (Congress 155), NDA 191 (BJP 147), Third Front 104, Fourth Front39

    Outlook India TheWeek

    March April 2009 UPA 234 (Congress 144), NDA 186 (BJP 140), Third Front 112

    Times of India March 2009 UPA 201 (Congress 146), NDA 195 (BJP 138), Others 147

    http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Times_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Week_%28Indian_magazine%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Week_%28Indian_magazine%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Outlook_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ACNielsenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=STAR_TV_%28Asia%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ACNielsenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=STAR_TV_%28Asia%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Please_clarifyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Please_clarifyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Centre_for_the_Study_of_Developing_Societieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CNN-IBNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=VoiceHawkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=TringMehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Netizenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_India_%28Marxist%29
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    Exit polls

    In February 2009, the ECI banned the publishing of all exit polls starting 48 hours before Phase 1 of the electionuntil the end of Phase 5. This was intended to prevent exit polls from earlier phases affecting voter decisions in laterphases. The ban ended with the close of Phase 5 voting at 5:00 pm IST on 13 May.

    Agency Publish Date Predictions

    CNN-IBN Dainik Bhaskar 13 May 2009 UPA 185 205, NDA 165 185, Third Front 110 130, Fourth Front 25 35

    Star-Nielsen 13 May 2009 UPA 199, NDA 196, Third Front 100, Fourth Front 36

    India TV CVOTER 13 May 2009 UPA 189 201, NDA 183 195, Third Front 105 121

    Election phases

    Phase 1 16 April 2009The first phase of the 2009 election took place on Thursday, 16 April with elections in 124 constituencies across 15

    states and 2 union territories. There were incidents of violence in a few places in Chhattisgarh, Orissa, Bihar,Jharkhand and Maharashtra and between 17 to 19 people were killed in Naxal attacks. The dead included five pollofficials and 10 security personnel, whose families received a compensation of Rs 10 lakh. Naxals set fire to votingmachines, attacked voters, security personnel and polling workers, and destroyed vehicles. According to one newssource, "It was apparent that the Naxals had clearly planned to disrupt the polls."

    Despite these incidents, the ECI expressed satisfaction about the conduct of the polls due to peaceful polling in manyother parts of the country. Initial reports from the ECI place the voter turnout for this phase at approximately60 percent. This phase of the election was held in 1.85 lakh (185,000) polling stations, serving an electorate of over14.31 crore (143,100,000) deciding the fate of 1,715 candidates.

    The ECI ordered repoll in 46 polling booths across 7 of the states where polling took place in the first phase. Theseinclude 29 polling booths in Andhra Pradesh, 5 each in Assam and Arunachal Pradesh, 3 in Nagaland, 2 in Keralaand 1 each in Jammu & Kashmir and Uttar Pradesh. The repoll in all these polling booths were held on 18 April2009.

    One of the positive stories emerging from this phase of election was from Kandhamal district, where refugees of the2008 Kandhamal riots came out in huge numbers to exercise their franchise. It is estimated that there was a turnoutof 90% amongst Kandhamal refugees and 50% across the entire district. The administration had earlier identifiedlarge parts of the area as naxal affected and vulnerable. Hence, the administration had deployed extra security in thearea and the ECI has arranged for special transport to shuttle the refugees from the refugee camps to the pollingbooths. Both of these actions helped achieve the high turnout.

    Phase 2 22 April 2009 & 23 April 2009The second phase of the 2009 election was spread across Wednesday, 22 April (Phase 2A) and Thursday, 23 April(Phase 2B). Phase 2A saw election in a single constituency in Manipur as it was a state holiday on 23 April.

    According to the EC, the election in Manipur in Phase 2A was peaceful and witnessed a voter turnout of about 62%.Following the election, though, the Communist Party of India (CPI) and Manipur People's Party (MPP) have allegedvote rigging by Congress workers during the polls in Phase 2A.The MPP claimed that the Congress workerscaptured 11 booths in the Andro Assembly segment of Imphal East.

    Phase 2B saw polling in 12 states for 140 constituencies the most in any phase of this election. This phase was

    largely peaceful and saw about 55% turnout. There were stray incidents of violence in areas with active Naxalitegroups in Jharkhand and Bihar. The poor turnout in this phase was blamed on a heat wave sweeping the country thattook the noon-time temperature on election day up to between 42 and 46 degrees Celsius in various parts of the

    http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Biharhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jharkhandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manipur_People%27s_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Communist_Party_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manipur%23Khongjomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manipurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Religious_violence_in_Orissa%23August_2008_violencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kandhamal_districthttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uttar_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jammu_%26_Kashmirhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Keralahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nagalandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arunachal_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Assamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andhra_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lakhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naxalitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maharashtrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jharkhandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Biharhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orissahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chhattisgarhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CVOTERhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=India_TVhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ACNielsenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=STAR_TV_%28Asia%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dainik_Bhaskarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CNN-IBNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Exit_poll
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    country. Two polling officials even died due to sun stroke in Orissa with two also falling ill.

    Phase 3 30 April 2009The third phase of the 2009 election was held on Thursday, 30 April with elections in 107 constituencies spreadacross nine states and two union territories. The fate of 1,567 candidates was decided in this phase including those of

    Congress President Sonia Gandhi, BJP's Prime Minister candidate L.K. Advani and former Prime Minister andJanata Dal (Secular) President Deve Gowda. This phase included voting in Mumbai where the turnout was relativelylow. The voter turnout around the country was moderate and this was primarily blamed on the extreme heat onelection day. Voting was largely peaceful all across the country. However, Maoist guerrillas exploded a landmine inWest Bengal's Purulia district, injuring a paramilitary trooper.

    Phase 4 7 May 2009

    Queue outside a polling station in Kolkata 13May 2009.

    The fourth phase of the election was held on Thursday, 7 May withelections for 85 seats across eight states involving 1,315 candidates.The phase's high-profile candidates included External Affairs MinisterPranab Mukherjee and former chief ministers Mulayam Singh Yadav,Rajnath Singh, Lalu Prasad Yadav and Farooq Abdullah. Apart frombomb attacks in West Bengal's Asansol and Murshidabad districts thatkilled one person each and some violence in Rajasthan, this phase wasrelatively peaceful. This phase saw voting in the nation's capital Delhiwhere the voter turnout was around 53%, much higher than theprevious 2 elections in Delhi.

    Phase 5 13 May 2009

    The fifth and final phase of the 2009 election was held on Wednesday, 13 May with voting across seven states andtwo union territories for 86 constituencies. Overall the turnout was 62%. Numerous cases of voter omissions werereported in Tamil Nadu which had 39 seats up for grab. In Jammu & Kashmir, two polling stations could not bereached by the polling officials due to extreme snow which prevented their helicopters from landing at the site. Thepolling officials were forced to trek through deep snow to reach the polling stations and polls took place 2 days lateron 15 May in these two stations. A few cases of violence were also reported in this phase. One DMK official wasstabbed to death in Tamil Nadu in a clash between the political parties and another person was killed in West Bengalin clashes between Trinamool Congress and CPI(M) party workers.

    ResultsVote counting took place on 16 May and the result were declared the same day. The EVMs were localized to 1,080centers across the country and counting started at 08:00 hrs. The United Progressive Alliance (UPA) took early leadand maintained it to emerge victorious. Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) leader Rajnath Singh said that the BJP'sperformance in the election was very unexpected and the success of the NDA that had been hoped for had notmaterialised. [10] The CPI (M) led third front later said that it was ready to sit in the opposition.

    Some opposition parties voiced concerns on the integrity of the electronic voting machines used during the election.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rajnath_Singhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bharatiya_Janata_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_Progressive_Alliancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Murshidabad_districthttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Asansolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Farooq_Abdullahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lalu_Prasad_Yadavhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rajnath_Singhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mulayam_Singh_Yadavhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pranab_Mukherjeehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ALong_voting_queues_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kolkatahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Purulia_districthttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deve_Gowdahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Janata_Dal_%28Secular%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lal_Krishna_Advanihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sonia_Gandhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orissa
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    Results by pre-poll alliance

    Summary of the 2009 April/May Lok Sabha election results of India

    Alliances Party Seatswon

    Change PopularVote

    Vote%

    Swing

    United ProgressiveAllianceSeats: 262Seat Change: +80Popular Vote:153,482,356Popular Vote %: 37.22%Swing: +3.96%

    Indian National Congress 206 +61 119,110,776 28.55% +2.02%

    All India Trinamool Congress 19 +17 13,355,986 3.20% +1.13%

    Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 18 +2 7,625,397 1.83% +0.02%

    Nationalist Congress Party 9 8,521,349 2.04% +0.24%

    National Conference 3 +1 498,374 0.55% +0.42%

    Jharkhand Mukti Morcha 2 3 1,665,173 0.40% -0.07%

    Indian Union Muslim League 2 +1 877,503 0.21% +0.01%

    Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi 1 +1 735,847 0.18% +0.18%Kerala Congress (Mani) 1 +1 404,962 0.10% +0.05%

    All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen 1 308,061 0.07% -0.04%

    Republican Party of India (Athvale) 1 378,928 0.09%

    National DemocraticAllianceSeats: 159Seat Change: 17Popular Vote:102,689,312Popular Vote %: 24.63%Swing: -4.88%

    Bharatiya Janata Party 116 22 78,435,538 18.80% -3.36%

    Janata Dal (United) 20 +12 6,331,079 1.52% -0.83%

    Shiv Sena 11 1 6,454,850 1.55% -0.26%

    Rashtriya Lok Dal 5 +2 1,821,054 0.44% -0.19%

    Shiromani Akali Dal 4 4 4,004,789 0.96% +0.06%

    Telangana Rashtra Samithi 2 3 2,582,326 0.62% -0.01%

    Asom Gana Parishad 1 1 1,773,103 0.43% -0.10%

    Indian National Lok Dal 1,286,573 0.31% -0.19%

    Third FrontSeats: 79Seat Change: 30Popular Vote: 88,174,229Popular Vote %: 21.15%Swing: -1.06%

    Communist Party of India (Marxist) 16 27 22,219,111 5.33% -0.33%

    Communist Party of India 4 6 5,951,888 1.43% +0.02%

    Revolutionary Socialist Party 2 -1 1,573,650 0.37% -0.06%

    All India Forward Bloc 2 -1 1,345,803 0.32% -0.03%Bahujan Samaj Party 21 +2 25,728,889 6.17% +0.84%

    Biju Janata Dal 14 +3 6,612,552 1.59% +0.29%

    All India Anna Dravida MunnetraKazhagam

    9 +9 6,953,591 1.67% -0.52%

    Telugu Desam Party 6 +1 10,481,348 2.51% -0.53%

    Janata Dal (Secular) 3 1 3,434,082 0.82% -0.65%

    Marumalarchi Dravida MunnetraKazhagam

    1 3 1,112,908 0.27% -0.16%

    Haryana Janhit Congress 1 +1 816,395 0.20% +0.20%Pattali Makkal Katchi 6 1,944,619 0.47% -0.09%

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    Fourth FrontSeats: 27Seat Change: -37Popular Vote: 21,456,117Popular Vote %: 5.14%Swing: -2.30%

    Samajwadi Party 23 13 14,284,638 3.42% -0.90%

    Rashtriya Janata Dal 4 20 5,279,059 1.27% -1.14%

    Lok Janshakti Party 4 1,892,420 0.45% -0.26%

    Other Parties andIndependentsSeats: 16Seat Change: +9Popular Vote: 27,146,939Popular Vote %: 6.51%Swing: +2.04%

    Assam United Democratic Front 1 +1 2,184,556 0.52% +0.52%

    Jharkhand Vikas Morcha (Prajatantrik) 1 +1 963,274 0.23% +0.23%

    Nagaland People's Front 1 832,224 0.20% +0.02%

    Bodoland People's Front 1 +1 656,430 0.16% +0.16%

    Swabhimani Paksha 1 +1 481,025 0.12% +0.12%

    Bahujan Vikas Aaghadi 1 +1 223,234 0.05% +0.05%

    Sikkim Democratic Front 1 159,351 0.04%

    Independents 9 +4 21,646,845 5.19% +0.94%Total 364 Political Parties 543 417,156,494

    Notes

    * Gave unconditional external support to the UPA-led government after the election

    Note: Seat change for an alliance and popular vote swing is calculated as the sum of the individual seat changesand vote % respectively for its constituent parties as given here.

    Note: Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS) joined the NDA after voting took place in Andhra Pradesh, but before thevotes were counted and results were in. Due to this change, some list TRS under their former alliance, the Third

    Front, rather than NDA, under pre-poll alliances.

    Result by states and territories

    The UPA carried 18 states, while the NDA and the Third Front carried 8 and 2 respectively.Source: Election Commission of India [11]

    State

    (# of seats)Party

    Seats won % of votes Alliance

    Andhra Pradesh

    (42)

    Indian National Congress 33 38.95% United Progressive Alliance

    Telugu Desam Party 6 24.93% Third Front

    Telangana Rashtra Samithi 2 6.14% National Democratic Alliance

    All India Majlis e Ittehad Al Muslameen 1 1.93%

    Arunachal Pradesh(2)

    Indian National Congress 2 51.11% United Progressive Alliance

    Assam(14)

    Indian National Congress 7 33.91% United Progressive Alliance

    Bharatiya Janata Party 4 17.21% National Democratic Alliance

    Assam United Democratic Front 1 17.10% None

    Asom Gana Parishad 1 12.61% National Democratic Alliance

    Bodaland Peoples Front 1 None

    http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Assam%2C_2009http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Arunachal_Pradesh%2C_2009http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Andhra_Pradesh%2C_2009http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Independent_%28politician%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sikkim_Democratic_Fronthttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bahujan_Vikas_Aaghadihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Swabhimani_Pakshahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bodoland_People%27s_Fronthttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nagaland_People%27s_Fronthttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jharkhand_Vikas_Morcha_%28Prajatantrik%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Assam_United_Democratic_Fronthttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lok_Janshakti_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rashtriya_Janata_Dalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Samajwadi_Party
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    Indian general election, 2009 13

    Bihar(40)

    Janata Dal (United) 20 24.04% National Democratic Alliance

    Bharatiya Janata Party 12 13.93% National Democratic Alliance

    Rashtriya Janata Dal 4 19.30% Fourth Front

    Indian National Congress 2 10.26% United Progressive Alliance

    Independent 2 None

    Chhattisgarh(11)

    Bharatiya Janata Party 10 45.03 % National Democratic Alliance

    Indian National Congress 1 37.31% United Progressive Alliance

    Goa(2)

    Bharatiya Janata Party 1 44.78% National Democratic Alliance

    Indian National Congress 1 22.60% United Progressive Alliance

    Gujarat(26)

    Bharatiya Janata Party 15 46.52% National Democratic Alliance

    Indian National Congress 11 43.38% United Progressive Alliance

    Haryana(10)

    Indian National Congress 9 41.77% United Progressive Alliance

    Haryana Janhit Congress 1 Third Front

    Himachal Pradesh(4)

    Bharatiya Janata Party 3 49.58% National Democratic Alliance

    Indian National Congress 1 45.61% United Progressive Alliance

    Jammu & Kashmir(6)

    Jammu & Kashmir National Conference 3 19.11% United Progressive Alliance

    Indian National Congress 2 24.67% United Progressive Alliance

    Independent 1 None

    Jharkhand(14)

    Bharatiya Janata Party 8 27.53% National Democratic Alliance

    Jharkhand Mukti Morcha 2 11.70% United Progressive Alliance

    Indian National Congress 1 15.02% United Progressive Alliance

    Jharkhand Vikas Morcha (Prajatantrik) 1 None

    Independent 2 None

    Karnataka(28)

    Bharatiya Janata Party 19 41.63% National Democratic Alliance

    Indian National Congress 6 37.65% United Progressive Alliance

    Janata Dal (Secular) 3 13.57% Third Front

    Kerala(20)

    Indian National Congress 13 40.13% United Progressive AllianceUnited Democratic Front

    Left Democratic Front 4 Third Front

    Indian Union Muslim League 2 United Progressive AllianceUnited Democratic Front

    Kerala Congress (Mani) 1 2.53% United Progressive AllianceUnited Democratic Front

    Madhya Pradesh(29)

    Bharatiya Janata Party 16 43.45% National Democratic Alliance

    Indian National Congress 12 40.14% United Progressive Alliance

    Bahujan Samaj Party 1 5.85% Third Front

    http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Madhya_Pradesh%2C_2009http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_Democratic_Front_%28India%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Kerala%2C_2009http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Karnataka%2C_2009http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Jharkhand%2C_2009http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir%2C_2009http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Himachal_Pradesh%2C_2009http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Haryana%2C_2009http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Gujarat%2C_2009http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Goa%2C_2009http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Chhattisgarh%2C_2009http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Bihar%2C_2009
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    Maharashtra(48)

    Indian National Congress 17 19.61% United Progressive Alliance

    Shiv Sena 11 17.00% National Democratic Alliance

    Bharatiya Janata Party 9 18.17% National Democratic Alliance

    Nationalist Congress Party 8 19.28% United Progressive Alliance

    Bahujan Vikas Aaghadi 1 None

    Swabhimani Paksha 1 None

    Independent 1 None

    Manipur(2)

    Indian National Congress 2 42.96% United Progressive Alliance

    Meghalaya(2)

    Indian National Congress 1 44.84% United Progressive Alliance

    Nationalist Congress Party 1 18.78% United Progressive Alliance

    Mizoram(1)

    Indian National Congress 1 65.58% United Progressive Alliance

    Nagaland(1)

    Nagaland People's Front 1 69.96% None

    Orissa(21)

    Biju Janata Dal 14 37.23% Third Front

    Indian National Congress 6 32.75% United Progressive Alliance

    Communist Party of India 1 2.57% Third Front

    Punjab(13)

    Indian National Congress 8 45.23% United Progressive Alliance

    Shiromani Akali Dal 4 33.85% National Democratic Alliance

    Bharatiya Janata Party 1 10.06% National Democratic Alliance

    Rajasthan(25)

    Indian National Congress 20 47.19% United Progressive Alliance

    Bharatiya Janata Party 4 36.57% National Democratic Alliance

    Independent 1 None

    Sikkim(1)

    Sikkim Democratic Front 1 63.30% None

    Tamil Nadu(39)

    Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 18 25.09% United Progressive Alliance

    All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 9 22.88% Third Front

    Indian National Congress 8 15.03% United Progressive Alliance

    Communist Party of India 1 2.85% Third Front

    Communist Party of India (Marxist) 1 2.20% Third Front

    Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 1 3.66% Third Front

    Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi 1 2.42% United Progressive Alliance

    Tripura(2)

    Communist Party of India (Marxist) 2 61.69% Third Front

    Uttar Pradesh(80)

    Samajwadi Party 23 23.26% Fourth Front

    Indian National Congress 21 18.25% United Progressive Alliance

    Bahujan Samaj Party 20 27.42% Third Front

    Bharatiya Janata Party 10 17.50% National Democratic Alliance

    Rashtriya Lok Dal 5 National Democratic Alliance

    Independent 1 None

    http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Uttar_Pradesh%2C_2009http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Tripura%2C_2009http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Tamil_Nadu%2C_2009http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Sikkim%2C_2009http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Rajasthan%2C_2009http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Punjab%2C_2009http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Orissa%2C_2009http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Nagaland%2C_2009http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Mizoram%2C_2009http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Meghalaya%2C_2009http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Manipur%2C_2009http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Maharashtra%2C_2009
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    Indian general election, 2009 15

    Uttarakhand(5)

    Indian National Congress 5 43.13% United Progressive Alliance

    West Bengal(42)

    All India Trinamool Congress 19 31.17% United Progressive Alliance

    Left Front 15 Third Front

    Indian National Congress 6 13.45% United Progressive Alliance

    Bharatiya Janata Party 1 6.14% National Democratic Alliance

    Socialist Unity Centre of India 1 None

    Territory

    (# of seats)Party

    Seats won % of votes Alliance

    Andaman & Nicobar Islands (1) Bharatiya Janata Party 1 44.21% National Democratic Alliance

    Chandigarh (1) Indian National Congress 1 46.87% United Progressive Alliance

    Dadra & Nagar Haveli (1) Bharatiya Janata Party 1 46.43% National Democratic Alliance

    Daman & Diu (1) Bharatiya Janata Party 1 65.49% National Democratic Alliance

    Delhi (7) Indian National Congress 7 57.11% United Progressive Alliance

    Lakshadweep (1) Indian National Congress 1 51.88% United Progressive Alliance

    Puducherry (1) Indian National Congress 1 49.41% United Progressive Alliance

    MPs with pending criminal charges

    The 15th Lok Sabha saw many MPs with pending criminal charges. At least 150 MPs have criminal cases againstthem, with 73 serious cases ranging from rape to murder. [12] While BJP has 42 MPs with criminal charges, Congresshas 41. From UP, out of 80 seats, 31 have criminal cases. The previous Lok Sabha had 128 MPs with criminal cases.

    AnalysisThis election defied the predictions made by pre-poll predictions and exit polls and gave a clear mandate to theincumbent Congress government. According to many analysts after the election, many factors can be attributed for alandslide. According to the National Election Study 2009, published in the The Hindu newspaper after the election,the victory to the UPA government is attributed to saturation of caste-based identity politics, the focus on goodgovernance and BJP's limitations, gave Congress the edge. Another factor is the vote-splitting by the Third Front,especially the BSP and MNS in Maharastra, which resulted in the Indian National Congress gaining many of its seatswithout getting a majority in the corresponding constituency. [citation needed ]

    Formation of the new government

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Castehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hindu_Newspaperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2009_Indian_general_election_in_Puducherryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Lakshadweep%2C_2009http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_National_Capital_Territory_of_Delhi%2C_2009http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Daman_%26_Diu%2C_2009http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Dadra_%26_Nagar_Haveli%2C_2009http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Chandigarh%2C_2009http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Andaman_and_Nicobar_Islands%2C_2009http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_West_Bengal%2C_2009http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indian_general_election_in_Uttarakhand%2C_2009
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    Indian general election, 2009 16

    Support for the United Progressive Alliance government in the 15th Lok Sabha

    Party/Alliance Seats won Seat %

    United Progressive Alliance 262 48.25%

    Outside support

    Samajwadi Party 23 4.20%

    Bahujan Samaj Party 21 3.86%

    Rashtriya Janata Dal 4 0.7%

    Janata Dal (Secular) 3 0.55%

    Independents and other parties 3 0.55%

    Total 322 59.4%

    The President, Pratibha Patil dissolved the 14th Lok Sabha with immediate effect on 18 May. Prime MinisterManmohan Singh submitted the resignation of his Council of Ministers to the President, for him to be re-elected as

    the Prime Minister as well as for a new Council of Ministers to be elected. On 19 May, Manmohan Singh and SoniaGandhi were re-elected as Party leader and Chairperson respectively of the Congress Parliamentary Party. Thiseffectively makes him the Prime Minister-elect of the new government. Finally, the President invited Dr. Singh toform the new government on 20 May. The new government was sworn in on 22 May 2009.

    Government formation

    Due to the fact that UPA was able to get 262 seats just short of 10 seats for a majority all the external supportcame from parties who gave unconditional support to Manmohan Singh and the UPA. The Janata Dal (Secular), theRashtriya Janata Dal, the Bahujan Samaj Party and the Samajwadi Party all decided to do so to keep out anypossibility of a BJP government in the next 5 years. Nagaland Peoples Front, Sikkim Democratic Front, and

    Bodaland Peoples Front, each with an MP, decided to join and support the UPA government. The three independentcandidates to extend support for UPA were all from Maharastra, and they were Sadashiv Mandlik, from Kolhapurconstituency, Raju Shetty, from the political party Swabhimani Paksha , who won from Hatkandagle and BaliramJadhav from Bahujan Vikas Aghadi party who won the Palghar constituency.

    On 21 May, it was announced that the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) had decided to leave and give outsidesupport to the UPA government, due to failed talks between the Congress and the DMK on cabinet positions. Aftermany deliberations between DMK and Congress, the DMK agreed to 3 cabinet ministers and 4 ministers of state.Kanimozhi, daughter of the DMK leader M. Karunanidhi, decided not to join the new government cabinet, insteadshe wanted to focus on improving the parties image. The two incumbent cabinet ministers from DMK, DayanidhiMaran and A. Raja joined the cabinet, but due to concerns raised by Prime Minister Manmohan Singh on T.R. Baalu,he was dropped from the cabinet, and Karunanidhi's son M.K. Azhagiri, replaced him as part of a compromise. On25 May 2009, DMK decided to join the UPA government, reversing the decision made in prior days to extendoutside support.

    http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=M.K._Azhagirihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=T.R._Baaluhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A._Rajahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dayanidhi_Maranhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dayanidhi_Maranhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=M._Karunanidhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kanimozhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dravida_Munnetra_Kazhagamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Palgharhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bahujan_Vikas_Aghadihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kolhapurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maharastrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bodaland_Peoples_Fronthttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sikkim_Democratic_Fronthttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nagaland_Peoples_Fronthttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Janata_Dal_%28Secular%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pratibha_Patilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=President_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Independent_%28politician%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Janata_Dal_%28Secular%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rashtriya_Janata_Dalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bahujan_Samaj_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Samajwadi_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_Progressive_Alliancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_Progressive_Alliance
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    Indian general election, 2009 17

    References[1] EU (25 states) electorate=350mn , US electorate=212 mm

    [2] http:/ / en. wikipedia. org/ wiki/ List_of_states_and_territories_of_India_by_population|2001[3] Indias Congress buys rights to Slumdog tune (http:/ / www. ft. com/ cms/ s/ 0/ e6bd882c-08cd-11de-b8b0-0000779fd2ac. html), Financial

    Times, 5 March 2009

    [4] Election Commission pulls up Delhi, Centre over advertisement (http:/ / www. hindu. com/ 2009/ 03/ 08/ stories/ 2009030855320800. htm),The Hindu, 8 March 2009

    [5] EC miffed over 2010 Games ad promoting UPA (http:/ / ibnlive. in. com/ news/ ec-miffed-over-2010-games-ad-promoting-upa/ 87134-37.html), CNN-IBN, 8 March 2009

    [6] BJP coins new slogan to counter Congress' "Jai Ho" (http:/ / ibnlive. in. com/ news/ bjp-coins-new-slogan-to-counter-congress-jai-ho/ 87062-37.html), CNN-IBN, 7 March 2009

    [7] Reds go online for votes, cash in on run-up to young polls (http:/ / www. livemint. com/ 2009/ 03/ 17233826/ Reds-go-online-for-votes-cash.html?h=A1), Livemint, 18 March 2009

    [8] Vote for CPI(M) campaign site (http:/ / vote. cpim. org/ ), cpim.org, 18 March 2009[9] Political parties use VoIP to woo voters (http:/ / www. moneycontrol. com/ news/ cnbc-tv18-comments/

    political-parties-use-voip-to-woo-voters_392291. html), MoneyControl, 7 April 2009[10] BJP's performance very unexpected: Rajnath Singh- Hindustan Times (http:/ / www. hindustantimes. com/ Election09/ storypage.

    aspx?ID=88627c79-02a7-47d6-acf8-55ecd6b173fa& Category=Chunk-HT-UI-Elections-SectionPage-TopStories&Headline=BJPs-performance-very-unexpected-Rajnath-Singh)

    [11] http:/ / eciresults.nic.in/ Election Commission of India[12] 150 new lawmakers accused of breaking law - Politics News - IBNLive (http:/ / ibnlive. in. com/ news/

    150-new-lawmakers-accused-of-breaking-law/ 92826-37. html)

    External linksOfficial website

    Official website of the Election Commission of India (http:/ / eci. nic. in/ )

    News websites

    News Coverages of General Elections 2009 NDTV (http:/ / elections. ndtv. com/ ) News Coverages of General Elections 2009 CNN-IBN (http:/ / ibnlive. in. com/ politics) News Coverages of General Elections 2009 Sify (http:/ / sify. com/ news/ election) Information About India Elections (http:/ / www. indiaelections. co. in)

    Archived websites

    Indian General Elections 2009 Web Archive (http:/ / lcweb2. loc.gov/ diglib/ lcwa/ html/ inelec09/ inelec09-overview. html) from the U.S. Library of Congress

    Further reading

    Arora, Balveer & Tawa Lama-Rewal, Stphanie (eds). Contests in Context: Indian Elections 2009 (http:/ / samaj.revues. org/ index1092. html). South Asia Multidisciplinary Academic Journal . Issue 3, 2009.

    http://samaj.revues.org/index1092.htmlhttp://samaj.revues.org/index1092.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Library_of_Congresshttp://lcweb2.loc.gov/diglib/lcwa/html/inelec09/inelec09-overview.htmlhttp://lcweb2.loc.gov/diglib/lcwa/html/inelec09/inelec09-overview.htmlhttp://www.indiaelections.co.in/http://sify.com/news/electionhttp://ibnlive.in.com/politicshttp://elections.ndtv.com/http://eci.nic.in/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/150-new-lawmakers-accused-of-breaking-law/92826-37.htmlhttp://ibnlive.in.com/news/150-new-lawmakers-accused-of-breaking-law/92826-37.htmlhttp://eciresults.nic.in/http://www.hindustantimes.com/Election09/storypage.aspx?ID=88627c79-02a7-47d6-acf8-55ecd6b173fa&Category=Chunk-HT-UI-Elections-SectionPage-TopStories&Headline=BJPs-performance-very-unexpected-Rajnath-Singhhttp://www.hindustantimes.com/Election09/storypage.aspx?ID=88627c79-02a7-47d6-acf8-55ecd6b173fa&Category=Chunk-HT-UI-Elections-SectionPage-TopStories&Headline=BJPs-performance-very-unexpected-Rajnath-Singhhttp://www.hindustantimes.com/Election09/storypage.aspx?ID=88627c79-02a7-47d6-acf8-55ecd6b173fa&Category=Chunk-HT-UI-Elections-SectionPage-TopStories&Headline=BJPs-performance-very-unexpected-Rajnath-Singhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MoneyControlhttp://www.moneycontrol.com/news/cnbc-tv18-comments/political-parties-use-voip-to-woo-voters_392291.htmlhttp://www.moneycontrol.com/news/cnbc-tv18-comments/political-parties-use-voip-to-woo-voters_392291.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cpim.orghttp://vote.cpim.org/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Liveminthttp://www.livemint.com/2009/03/17233826/Reds-go-online-for-votes-cash.html?h=A1http://www.livemint.com/2009/03/17233826/Reds-go-online-for-votes-cash.html?h=A1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CNN-IBNhttp://ibnlive.in.com/news/bjp-coins-new-slogan-to-counter-congress-jai-ho/87062-37.htmlhttp://ibnlive.in.com/news/bjp-coins-new-slogan-to-counter-congress-jai-ho/87062-37.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CNN-IBNhttp://ibnlive.in.com/news/ec-miffed-over-2010-games-ad-promoting-upa/87134-37.htmlhttp://ibnlive.in.com/news/ec-miffed-over-2010-games-ad-promoting-upa/87134-37.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Hinduhttp://www.hindu.com/2009/03/08/stories/2009030855320800.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Financial_Timeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Financial_Timeshttp://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/e6bd882c-08cd-11de-b8b0-0000779fd2ac.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_states_and_territories_of_India_by_population%7C2001
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    Article Sources and Contributors 18

    Article Sources and ContributorsIndian general election, 2009 Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=573149437 Contributors : 1ifes4v3r, 4idaho, 9Nak, AajT, Abecedare, Abhijitsathe, Aditya.krishnan.82, Aksigreat, America69, Amplitude101, Ankjain10, Anonymuncle, Anwar saadat, Aps16120, Aravind Vlad, Art LaPella, Avenue X at Cicero, B.S. Lawrence, BD2412, Belasd, Bharat90, Bhaskarhari,Biswamails, Bjelleklang, Bmcworldcitizen, Bondegezou, BorgQueen, BrightStarSky, Bruce1ee, Cancegraf, CarTick, Chris the speller, Chrism, Cocytus, Commander Shepard, CommonsDelinker,Conti, Crosby99, DBigXray, DGG, Dalekrabe, Danmichaelo, David the Aspie, Debresser, Deeptrivia, Deville, Dheer ajpandeyatPurdue, Drbreznjev, Drilnoth, ESkog, Etherialemperor, Everyking,Faizan, Falcon8765, Fconaway, Ferrari612, Figleaf, Fraggle81, FunPika, GAS Exhibition, GDibyendu, Ganeshk, Gaurav1146, Gilliam, Giraff edata, GoodDay, Ground Zero, Guruthap,Hobartimus, Homoaffectional, Hunter Kahn, Ian Pitchford, Incrazy, Indianpolitics, Ixfd64, JForget, Jahiegel, Janmeda1989, Jazzy83, Jgrnai, John, John Smith's, John of Reading, Joseph Solis in

    Australia, Jprg1966, Jrphayes, Ka Faraq Gatri, Khazar2, King03, Kirach98, Kjramesh, Kk lakshmi press, Koavf, Kwamikagami, LeaveSleaves, Lee2008, Lewis Trondheim, Lihaas,Lockesdonkey, Logan, Logicwiki, Madan lmg, Manchurian candidate, Martxel Alexander, Materialscientist, Maurice Carbonaro, Mayurchanakya, Me... , Mightymights, Miramar93, Mlpearc,Mm40, Mononomic, Mr. XYZ, MrRadioGuy, Mrt3366, Mukerjee, Nader85021, Nam iba, Natrajdr, Navhus, Neutrality, Nick.mon, Nicke L, Nightstallion, Nil Einne, Nimur, Nishkid64, Noclador,Nono64, Nullhandle, Number 57, Nwrnr, Obi2canibe, Optimist on the run, Ottre, OverlordQ, PMDrive1061, PigFlu Oink, Piledhigheranddeeper, Pixelfrenzy, Pmlineditor, Rahulpat,Rajeshroshan, Rajrishi1985, Redtigerxyz, Rich Farmbrough, Rickyiskandar, Riley Huntley, Rizalninoynapoleon, Rreagan007, SBC-YPR, Sadads, Sduty, Severino, Shahab, Shizhao, Shyam,Shyamsunder, Silverhorse, Sjmittal, Skinsmoke, Skomorokh, Sm ashHits, Snigbrook, Soman, Spencer, Suhasini21, Sunil060902, Sunilreddym, Tejas81, Theelf29, Thenovycee, Tide rolls,Tikiwont, Tim1357, Tktru, Trakesht, Utcursch, Vaikunda Raja, Vaishnavii, Vamsisv, Vigneshwarraan, WWGB, White Ink09, Woohookitty, YellowMonkey, YeshuaDavid, Zaian, Zntrip, 345anonymous edits

    Image Sources, Licenses and ContributorsFile:Flag of India.svg Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Flag_of_India.svg License : Public Domain Contributors : Anomie, Mifter

    File:Manmohansingh04052007.jpg Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Manmohansingh04052007.jpg License : Agncia Brasil Contributors : Ricardo Stuckert/PR

    File:LK Advani.jpg Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:LK_Advani.jpg License : Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Contributors : Presidential Press and Information Office(www.kremlin.ru)

    File:Prakashkarat.JPG Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Prakashkarat.JPG License : Public Domain Contributors : Soman

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