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A Brief Introduction to XNA
Eric Feng
ACRD
Agenda
• Introduction
• Application Model
• History and Roadmap
• Games Powered By XNA
• XNA’s Modules
• Working pipeline
• Performance
• Tips and Golden Rules
XNA’s Not Acronymed
• What IS XNA?– A managed framework for developing games on both PC
and Xbox 360• Graphics device, input, and audio management along with
math helpers
• Who is using XNA?– Hobbyists– Students– Independent developers– And…., professionals
• Torpex Games, Hidden Path Entertainment, GarageGamesInc.
XNA’s Not Acronymed (cont’d)
• Why XNA?
– Unmanaged background• assembly, C, C++• XNA exposed us to a new language ----- C#
– XNA allows for RAD• Full games can be put together in obscenely short periods of time• Allows developers to focus on content, gameplay, balancing over
technical issues
– XNA does things more intuitively than DirectX• Render Targets• Device Management
Game Technology Map Realtime Rendering
RAD Games Tools Pixomatic
ATI Radeon
Nvidia GeForce
Realtime Video Renderer
Creative Soundblaster
REALTEK AC’97
Nvidia NForce
Realtime Audio Renderer
Simulation Technology
Criterion Renderware AI
Biographic AI.implant
Ikuni
AI
LUA
Python
Java
UnrealScript
Scripting Lang
C#, VB, C++
Havok
Criterion Renderware Phyiscs
Novodex Novodex Physics
Physics Engine
Advanced Media OmiVoice
Voice Recognition
Multiplayer Technology
Quazal Net-Z
Terraplay
Demonware BitDemon
Butterfly Butterfly.NET
Networking
DirectPlay
Winsock
Zona TerraZona
Bigworld Bigworld
MMOG
GameSpy GameSpy
Sega SNAP
Valve Steam
Online Services
Live
Audio Content
RAD Game Tools Miles
Creative Labs Sensaura
CRI ADX
Firelight FMOD Sound System
Audio
XACT
DirectSound
Mesh/Material Content
PixoLogic Z-Brush
Interactive Fx Amazon Paint
Right Hemisphere Deep Paint
Right Hemisphere Deep UV
3D Image Editor
Adobe Photoshop
JASC Paintshop PRO
Corel Painter
Web Technology Optpix iMageStudio
Image Editor
Rt/zen RT/Shader
Shader - Creation
Nvidia FX Composer
ATI RenderMonkey
Shader - Composers
3D Editors
Animation Content
Third Wish Software Magpie
OC3 Impersonator
Lip Sync
Biovision
Motion Analysis
Vicon Motion Systems
Motion Capture
Kaydara MotionBuilder
RAD Game Tools Granny 3D
Natural Motion Endorphin
Curious Labs Poser
Animation Editor
Cinematic Content
Pixar PRMan
Mental Images Mental Ray
Splutterfish Brazil
Nvidia Gelato
Offline Renderer
Adobe Premier
AVID Xpress
Adobe AfterEffects
Discreet Combustion
Newtek Digital Fusion
Compositing Editor
RAD Game Tools Bink
CRI Sofdec
Factor 5 DivX
Video Playback
Process
Metroworks
SN Systems
Dev Tools
Visual Studio
Intel Vtune
Sony Performance
Analyzer
Profilers
PIX
Xoreax IncrediBuild
JetFrog JetBuild
Build Tools
MS Build
Alias Maya
Discreet 3D Studio Max
SoftImage XSI
Newtek Lightwave
3D Editor
Game Engines
Criterion Renderware Graphics
Epic Unreal
NDL Gamebyro (NetImerrse)
Touchdown Entertainment Jupiter
Id Quake/Doom
Valve Half Life 2
Crytek CryEngine
Vicarious Visions Intrinsic Alchemy
Spinor GmbH Shark 3D
Trinigy GmbH Vision
Virtools (Prototyping)
Game Engines
Singular Inversions FaceGen
Virtual Clones
Face Generation
Criterion Renderware Studio
Studio
Game Asset Conversion
Game Asset Conversion
Converters
Right Hemisphere Deep Exploration
Okino Polytrans
Converters
UI Creation/Menus
Macromedia Flash
Secret Level Flash Player
Anark GameFace
Criterion Maestro
UI Creation/Menus
Compuware SoftICE
Debugger
Visual Studio
BugZilla
Bug Tracking
Perforce
CVS
Subversion
Source Management
VS SourceSafe
VS Team System
OSS Docbook
Doxygen
ndoc
Document Generation
HTML HelpCakewalk Cakewalk Pro
Sonic Foundry Sound Forge
Adobe Audition
Digidesign ProTools
OSS Audacity
Audio Editors
Alienbrain
Asset Management
World/Level Editors
World/Level Editors
Test Tools
GamePlay Analysis
XNA PillarsDesign/Content Creation Game TechnologyProcess
Process/Build
Asset Management
Test Tools
Developer Tools
Game TechnologyDesign/Content Creation
Hybrid Holdings dPVS
Misc
Realtime Rendering
RAD Games Tools Pixomatic
ATI Radeon
Nvidia GeForce
Realtime Video Renderer
Creative Soundblaster
REALTEK AC’97
Nvidia NForce
Realtime Audio Renderer
Simulation Technology
Criterion Renderware AI
Biographic AI.implant
Ikuni
AI
LUA
Python
Java
UnrealScript
Scripting Lang
C#, VB, C++
Havok
Criterion Renderware Phyiscs
Novodex Novodex Physics
Physics Engine
Advanced Media OmiVoice [Xb]
Voice Recognition
Multiplayer Technology
Quazal Net-Z
Terraplay
Demonware BitDemon
Butterfly Butterfly.NET
Networking
DirectPlay
Winsock
Zona TerraZona
Bigworld Bigworld
MMOG
GameSpy GameSpy
Sega SNAP
Valve Steam
Online Services
Live
Audio Content
Metroworks
SN Systems
Dev Tools
Visual Studio
Game Engines
Micro Forte BigWorld
Criterion Renderware Graphics
Epic Unreal
NDL Gamebyro (NetImerrse)
Touchdown Entertainment Jupiter
Id Quake/Doom
Valve Half Life 2
Crytek CryEngine
Vicarious Visions Intrinsic Alchemy
Spinor GmbH Shark 3D
Trinigy GmbH Vision
Virtools (Prototyping)
Game Engines
Criterion Renderware Studio
Studio
Mesh/Material Content
PixoLogic Z-Brush
Interactive Fx Amazon Paint
Right Hemisphere Deep Paint
Right Hemisphere Deep UV
3D Image Editor
Adobe Photoshop
JASC Paintshop PRO
Corel Painter
Web Technology Optpix iMageStudio
Image Editor
Rt/zen RT/Shader
Shader - Creation
Nvidia FX Composer
ATI RenderMonkey
Shader - Composers
Singular Inversions FaceGen
Virtual Clones
Face Generation
3D Editors
Alias Maya
Discreet 3D Studio Max
SoftImage XSI
Newtek Lightwave
3D Editor
Animation Content
Third Wish Software Magpie
OC3 Impersonator
Lip Sync
Biovision
Motion Analysis
Vicon Motion Systems
Motion Capture
Kaydara MotionBuilder
RAD Game Tools Granny 3D
Natural Motion Endorphin
Curious Labs Poser
Animation Editor
Cinematic Content
Compositing Editor
RAD Game Tools Bink
CRI Sofdec
Factor 5 DivX
Video Playback
Pixar PRMan
Mental Images Mental Ray
Splutterfish Brazil
Nvidia Gelato
Offline Renderer
RAD Game Tools Miles
Creative Labs Sensaura
CRI ADX
Firelight FMOD Sound System
Audio
XACT
DirectSound
Design Tool Format Converters
Game Asset Conversion
Game Asset Conversion
Compuware SoftICE
Debugger
Visual Studio
BugZilla
Bug Tracking
Intel Vtune
Sony Performance
Analyzer
Profilers
PIX
Perforce
CVS
Subversion
Source Management
VS SourceSafe
VS Team System
Alienbrain
Asset Management
Cakewalk Cakewalk Pro
Sonic Foundry Sound Forge
Adobe Audition
Digidesign ProTools
OSS Audacity
Audio Editors
Right Hemisphere Deep Exploration
Okino Polytrans
Converters
UI Creation/Menus
Macromedia Flash
Secret Level Flash Player
Anark GameFace
Criterion Maestro
UI Creation/Menus
World/Level Editors
World/Level Editors
Test Tools GamePlay Analysis
Xoreax IncrediBuild
JetFrog JetBuild
Build Tools
MS Build
OSS Docbook
Doxygen
ndoc
Document Generation
HTML Help
Adobe Premier
AVID Xpress
Adobe AfterEffects
Discreet Combustion
Newtek Digital Fusion
Application Model
• The XNA Framework is divided into three essential parts– XNA Graphic Engine in the Microsoft.Xna.Framework.dll
– XNA Game Application Model in the Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Game.dll
– XNA Content Pipeline in the Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content.Pipeline.dlls
XNA Content PipelineMicrosoft.Xna.Framework.Content.Pipeline.dll
Game Application ModelMicrosoft.Xna.Framework.Game.dll
Graphic EngineMicrosoft.Xna.Framework.dll
History and Roadmap
• XNA 1.0 – Aug. 2006– Application Model, GameComponenents– GraphicDevice, Graphics– Audio, Input, Storage, Math
• XNA 2.0 – Dec. 2007– Expanded Support for all version of VS2005– MRT, device lost auto restore, occlusion query, etc.– Networking support!
• XNA 3.0 – Christmas. 2008??– Add Zune support– Support for C# 3.0 for all platform(I can use LINQ! Oh, My…)– Content compression, Better FBX support
Games Powered By XNA
• XNA Car Racing Game– The Racing Game Starter Kit is a complete XNA
Game Studio game. This highly-anticipated project, originally created for Microsoft by Benjamin Nitschke of exDream Entertainment.
– XNA car Racing Game is a 3D auto racing game that features advanced graphics, audio, and input processing. Race around the track and try to beat the ghost car to achieve the best time.
Games Powered By XNA
• The Robot Game– Robot Game was developed by Zepetto, a South Korean game
development company. Previously released titles include Vulcanus and several games for mobile platforms.
– Robot Game is a three-dimensional robot combat game that demonstrates the following components: • Advanced graphics using shaders and post-processing effects
• Advanced particle system
• Collision detection, 3D positional sound, input, and screens management
• Single-player mode and split-screen two-player versus mode
• Customizable game elements, such as robots, weapons, and items
Games Powered By XNA
• Singularis
– Developed with XNA 2.0 Sprite with Torque Builder, Singularious is a game about a single cell creature.
– Story: The protozoa Proto has a ambitious goal - he want's to become the
most powerful entity of the universe! To reach his target, Proto invades into animals, travels through their bodies and settles down on their central nerve cord, where he gains control over them. When he has control over them, he uses his victims to get to the next, more powerful animal - until he gains control over the most powerful entity within the universe ... a floating, black cat!
Games Powered By XNA
• Other Games
– HurricanX – Action Game
– RPG Starter Kit by XNA Creater Club
– The Zune game
XNA’s Modules
• Let’s dig down
– Content Pipeline
– Graphics
• Programable pipeline
• Effect system
• 2D Sprite
– Framework
– Networking
– Audio, etc.
Content Pipeline
Content Pipeline
• In action!
– To intrude the exist pipeline
– Simple sample from my engine
– Create a terrain from a heightmap
Add “Visibility” tag
Add “AABB” tag
Add “Effect” tag
Material converter
Attach correct shader to meshes
Read the image
Construct vertices
Create a new material
C r e a t e t o p o l o g y
What’s the cons of XNA’s Graphics
• GraphicsDeviceManager
• Render States
• Vertex and Index Buffers
• Shaders and Effects
XNA Framework
• GameServices container– Loose coupling between modules
• Math Helper– Vector, Color, Matrix, Quaternion,
• MeshBuilder– Generate normal, texture coordinate, binormal,
tangent in content pipeline
Working pipeline
• Let’s get our hands dirty!
3Ds Max Modeling
Export to FBX
Generate shader code files
Generate XNB using content pipeline
Display the models on screen
Performance
• Graphics– Offload to the GPU
– Choose an appropriate SpriteSortMode
– Avoid StateBlock
• Optimize math where necessary
• Take advantage of multiple threads
• Profile on both Xbox and Windows
Performance
• Offload tasks from CPU to GPU
– Mesh Instancing
– Particle 3D samples
– Occlusion Query
Performance
• XNA Architecture on XBox360
Performance
• GraphicsDevice is somewhat thread-safe– Cannot render from more than one thread at a time
– Can create resources and SetData while another thread renders
• ContentManager is not thread-safe– Ok to have multiple instances, but only one per thread
• Input is not threadable– Windows games must read input on the main game thread
• Audio and networking are thread-safe
Golden Rules And Tips
• Tips
– Write the tests first and do not think about the implementation.
– Try to make sure you test as much as possible.
– Start the test constantly from this point on, even when you think it does not make sense.
Golden Rules And Tips
• Golden Rules
– Don’t use any external dlls if not required
– Don’t wait with the testing
– Don’t load content directly
– Save games and loading other content
– Test resolutions
– Allow controlling everything with a gamepad
– Debug and unit test on the Xbox 360
