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A 2 nd O pinion on Ethanol Denaturant. Presented to: Air Resources Board Meeting to Discuss Issues Relating to the California Phase 3 RFG Regulations July 25, 2000 by Cal Hodge, President A 2 nd O pinion, Inc. RFA Suggested Fuel Ethanol Specifications (6/15/00). - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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A2OA2O A 2nd Opinion, Inc..
A 2nd Opinion on Ethanol
DenaturantPresented to:
Air Resources BoardMeeting to Discuss Issues
Relating to the California Phase 3 RFG Regulations
July 25, 2000by
Cal Hodge, PresidentA 2nd Opinion, Inc.
A2OA2O A 2nd Opinion, Inc..
RFA Suggested Fuel Ethanol Specifications (6/15/00)
Maximum
Sulfur, ppm mass 15
Benzene, vol% 0.10
Olefins, vol% 0.50
Aromatics, vol% 1.70
A2OA2O A 2nd Opinion, Inc..
Implied Denaturant Specifications
are Worse than CaRFG3
Denaturant CaRFG3
Sulfur, ppm mass
91-281 20
Benzene, vol% 2 0.80
Olefins, vol% 10 6.0
Aromatics, vol% 34 25
A2OA2O A 2nd Opinion, Inc..
WHY.......?
California needs alkylate imports
California needs to export light olefinic aromatic stocks
Results: No MTBE + ARB Proposal - Imports
0
50
100
150
200
250
Oxy Waiver 2 Wt. % 2.7 Wt. % No Oxy
Th
ou
s. B
arr
els
Pe
r D
ay
Alkylate Ethanol CARBOB
Source: CEC 2/ 00
Results: No MTBE + ARB Proposal - Exports
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Oxy Waiver 2 Wt. % 2.7 Wt. % No Oxy
Th
ou
s. B
arr
els
Pe
r D
ay
Pentanes FCC Gasoline Other
Source: CEC 02/ 00
A2OA2O A 2nd Opinion, Inc..
Why Accept Denaturant Worse than CaRFG3?
Fuel Ethanol Specification, Maximums
RFA 6/ 15/ 00
A2O 7/ 25/ 00
Sulfur, ppm mass 15 11
Benzene, vol% 0.10 0.04
Olefins, vol% 0.50 0.30
Aromatics, vol% 1.70 1.25
A2OA2O A 2nd Opinion, Inc..
Additional Specifications
To do no harm, the denaturant’s RVP specification needs to be a maximum of 7.0 psi.
Because California needs to import alkylate with a midpoint above the CaRFG3 specifications, I recommendyou not limit midpoint or, if you must, use the cap limit of 220oF.
A2OA2O A 2nd Opinion, Inc..
Proposed Denaturant Specifications Match CaRFG3
RFA A2O CaRFG3
Sulfur, ppm 91-281 20 20
Benzene, vol% 2.00 0.80 0.80
Olefins, vol% 10.0 6.0 6.0
Aromatics, vol% 34.0 25.0 25.0
RVP, psi @NA 7.0 7.0
A2OA2O A 2nd Opinion, Inc..
Blendstocks that Fit
CARFG3
Some desulfurized reformer feeds
Raffinate fromaromatics extraction
Alkylate
A2OA2O A 2nd Opinion, Inc..
Economics
If the clean denaturant costs 20¢/gal. more than the current witch’s brew, it adds one pennyto the delivered ethanol cost.
Most of this comes back as California refiners fine tunethe base stock.
A2OA2O A 2nd Opinion, Inc..
Conclusion
Why denature ethanol with undesirable blendstocks when ethanol producers only have to find one tank car of clean denaturant for every 20 tank cars of ethanol shipped to California?
Why import a blendstock you would not import if it were not commingled with ethanol?
