Investigations of coke samples from a frozen blast

96/02432 How to implement a quality program in a cokingplant - The AHMSA experienceReyes, M. et al., Proc. Ironmaking Conf., 1995, 287-293.AHMSA (Altos Homos deMexico) is the largest integrated steel plant inMexico, with its 3.1 MMMT of liquid steel production programme for1995, is the core of the Steel Division of Grupo Acerero del Norte (GAN).Part of the same GAN Group are the Coal and Ore Mines Divisions,located at 120 and 380 Km of AHMSA, Monclova Works, respectively.The paper deals with the implementation process of the quality pro­gramme, and the results of this commitment at the coal mines, coke plantsand blast furnaces. The coke quality improvement is shown since 1985 to1994, as well as the impact on the blast furnace operation.

96/02433 Interaction of coals in formation of strength char-acteristics of cokeGagarin, S. G. and Enik, G. I. Koks Khim., 1995, (1), 13-15. (In Russian)Regression equations are developed based on experimental data to accountfor the contributions of individiualcoal charge components to the mechani­cal strength of coke obtained from these charges. They can be used toblend coking charges from an assortment of coals.

96/02434furnaceArendt, P. et al., Glueckauf-Forschungsh., 1995, 56, (2), 75-79, (InGerman)Coke samples from N2-frozen blast furnaces were analyzed on chemicalcomposition, texture, and porosity. Reactivity with CO2 and consequenthardness were also tested. The coke particles were mostly unchanged intexture and porosity after reaction in blast furnaces.

96/02435 Manufacture of coke having high strength anddensityNakasaki, A. et al., (Assigned to) Shinnippon Seitetsu KK, lAP. Pat,lP,07,228,873, Aug. 1995.

96/02436 Manufacture of formed coke from coal briquetswith treatment of ammonia liquorKate, K. and Komaki, I. (Assigned to) Shinnippon Seitetsu KK, lAP, Pat,lP.07,228,871, Aug. 1995.

96/02437 The production of chars by supercritical fluidextractionOlson, E. S. and Sharma, R. K. Prepr. Pap-Am. Chern. Soc., Div. FuelChern" 1995,40, (4), 771-775.Novel techniques were explored for developing larger micropore structurein the semicokes prepared by supercritical fluid extraction of low-rankcoals. Extractions were carried out with 2-butanone at temperatures andpressures above the critical point in order to maintain the high-surface-areasemicoke structure as the pressure was released, The temperatures andpressures were then brought down while keeping the temperature constant.This aerogel method gave higher surface areas than the method in whichtemperature or pressure was abruptly lowered, but ultraporous materialswere not obtained.

96/02438 Production of needle coke from ethylene tarXiao, Z. and Zu, D. Shiyou Xuebao, Shiyou Jiagong, 1995,11, (2), 63-71.(In Chinese)Describes the study of coking of FCC decant oil, ethylene tar and vacuumresidue (all obtained from the processing of Liaohe petroleum), The rela­tionship between the compositional features of feedstocks and the opticalproperties of the semi-coke formed during carbonization was investigatedand the reason why ethylene tar cannot be used directly to produce needlecoke were discussed.

96/02439 The quality of interfaces in metallurgical cokescontaining petroleum cokeBarriocanal, C. et al., Fuel Process. Technol., 1995,45, (1), 1-10.Presents a study on the effect of additions of petroleum coke to coal blendson the quality of the interfaces between the petroleum coke and reactivecoke components in the resulting cokes and on the coke friability,

96/02440 Technology for granUlating coke breeze bycentrifugal rolling type pelletizer and effect of granulated cokebreeze on sintering operationHosotani, v. et aI., 1SIJ Int. 1995,35, (11), 1340-1347,Coke breeze was granulated by using a centrifugal rolling type pelletizeroperating at a Froude number >100 times that for a conventional drummixer. The effects of this coke breeze on the sintering of Fe ore, granula­tion of the raw mixture for sintering, and quality of the sinter were studied.

96/02441 What's the future for coke productionSabela, W. Hutl1.-Wiad, Hutn., 1995, 62, (8), 306-307. (In Polish)Discusses the prospects of coke production in light of ecological con­straints and decreasing demand by blast furnace operations, Decreasedemissions and plants producing both coke and fuel gas may alleviate theseproblems.

02 Liquid fuels (transport, refining, quality, storage)

02 LIQUID FUELS

Sources, Properties, Recovery

96/02442 Central-Asia coal-formed gas accumulationdomainDai, J. et al., Shiyou Kantan Yu Kaifa, 1995,22, (3), 1-6. (In Chinese)Presents a study of coal-derived natural gas accumulations in Central Asia.The natural gas occurred in the basins between the Caspian Sea shore andXingjiange region of China. These basins were formed under similarregional tectonic conditions; coal-measure source rocks were deposited inthe Mid to Lower Jurassic.

96/02443 Deeper out of AfricaKnott, T. Offshore Engineer, Dec. 1995, 12-14.Reports that Elf Congo's Nkossa field is pushing developments offshoreWest Africa into deeper waters. The author visited the field's floatingproduction facility, now nearing completion in southern France, to learnmore about this $1.8 billion project.

96/02444 Irish Sea InnovatorEsau, I. Offshore Engineer, Dec. 1995, p. 16.A report on the BHP Petroleum operation in Liverpool Bay off the Westcoast of the UK.

96/02445 Mobil plans to go deeper and deeper...Cresswell, 1. Petroleum Review, Jan. 1996, 50, (588), 30-32.Reports that Mobil North Sea is preparing to strike westwards out into thevery deep waters of the Faroe-Shetland Channel. While BP Exploration hasthe highest profile, Mobil looks set to take the laurels in terms of thedeepest water drilling yet attempted in the sector.

96/02446 Molecular indicators for palaeoenvironmentalchange In a Messinian evaporitic sequence (Vena del Gesso,Italy): Ill. Stratigraphic changes in the molecular structure ofkerogen in a single marl bed as revealed by flash pyrolysisGelin, F. et al., Org. Geochem., 1995, 23, (6), 555-566.Kerogens of nine samples from a single marl bed of the Gessoso-solfiferaFormation in the Vena del Gesso basin (Messinian, Italy) were qualita­tively and quantitatively studied by flash pyrolysis.

96/02447 The origin of hydrocarbons and water. The role ofhydrogenKhanmamedov, T, K. uc: Hydrogen Energy, 1995, 20, (10), 767-769.Discusses the hypothesis of the origin of hydrocarbons (oil, natural, gas,and coal) and water. The residence time of hydrogen was involved in thedifferent reduction processes in the earth depended on the geologicalstructure,

Transport, Refining, Quality, Storage

96/02448 Assessment of polymer flow improvers for crudeoil by viscometryQian, J, W, er al. Fuel, Feb. 1996, 75, (3), 307-312.A new parameter has been developed to assess the efficiency of polymerflow improvers for waxy crude. The flow parameter, Q, depends on theinteraction parameter for polymer-wax and polymer-resin-asphaltene, andis calculated by dilute solution viscometry. It was established that theimprovement in rheological properties of doped crude oil, such as thereduction of apparent viscosity, pour point and temperature of wax crystal­lization, is inversely proportional to the Q values for the polymer-wax andpolyrner-resin-asphaltene mixtures.

96/02449 Coprocessing: Elemental and molecular weightdistributions in unconverted vacuum residuesTernan, M, et al. Energy Fuels, 1995, 9, (6), 1011-1022.In the study of molecules from coprocessing of vacuum residues and asubbituminous coal, the fraction of the liquid product boiling above 525°Cwas separated into five subfractions by preparative-scale gel permeationchromatography. Elemental composition and molecular weight were deter­mined for each subfraction. Carbon-13 NMR spectra were also measured,

96/02450 Effects of K20 and MnO promoters on the produc­tion of light alkenes via syngas over Fe/slllcalite-2 catalyst. II.Reducibility of K·Fe-MnO/slllcalite-2 catalystXu, L. Y. et al., 1. Nat. Gas Chem., 1995,4, (4), 407-417.

Fuel and Energy Abstracts May 1996 175