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9.2

The New Information Technology (IT) Infrastructure for the Digital Firm

Enterprise NetworkingEnterprise Networking

• Arrangement of organization’s hardware, Arrangement of organization’s hardware, software, network, and data resources software, network, and data resources

• Creates a company-wide network linking Creates a company-wide network linking many smaller networksmany smaller networks

InternetworkingInternetworking• Links separate networks into an Links separate networks into an

interconnected networkinterconnected network

Essentials of Management Information SystemsEssentials of Management Information SystemsChapter 9 The Internet and the New information Technology InfrastructureChapter 9 The Internet and the New information Technology Infrastructure

Enterprise Networking and Internetworking

9.3



The New Information Technology (IT) Infrastructure

Figure 9-1

9.4


ConnectivityConnectivity

• Measures how well computers and computer-Measures how well computers and computer-based devices communicatebased devices communicate

Open SystemOpen System

• Software systems Software systems

• Operate on different hardware platformsOperate on different hardware platforms


Standards and Connectivity for Digital Integration

9.5


Models of Connectivity for NetworksModels of Connectivity for Networks

• Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)Protocol (TCP/IP)

• Open Systems Interconnect (OSI)Open Systems Interconnect (OSI)

• 802.11b802.11b

• BluetoothBluetooth


Standards and Connectivity for Digital Integration

9.6



(TCP/IP) Reference Model

Figure 9-2

9.7

The Internet: Information Technology Infrastructure for the Digital Firm

Internet Service Provider (ISP)Internet Service Provider (ISP)

• Commercial organization with a permanent Commercial organization with a permanent connection to Internet connection to Internet

• Sells temporary connections to Sells temporary connections to subscriberssubscribers


What is the Internet?

9.8


Information applianceInformation appliance

• Device customized to perform few Device customized to perform few specialized computing tasks with minimal specialized computing tasks with minimal user effortuser effort


Internet Technology and Services

9.9



Client/Server Computing on the Internet

Figure 9-3

9.10



Analysis of an Internet Address

Figure 9-4

9.11


TelnetTelnet

• Network tool Network tool

• Allows users to log on to one computer Allows users to log on to one computer system while working on anothersystem while working on another

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

• Tool for retrieving and transferring files from a Tool for retrieving and transferring files from a remote computerremote computer


Internet Tools for Communication

9.12

The World Wide Web

• Based on a standard hypertext language Based on a standard hypertext language called hypertext markup language (HTML)called hypertext markup language (HTML)

• Combines text, hypermedia, graphics, and Combines text, hypermedia, graphics, and soundsound

• Handles all types of digital communication Handles all types of digital communication

• Uses graphical user interfaces for easy Uses graphical user interfaces for easy viewingviewing


Overview

9.13

The World Wide Web

Search EngineSearch Engine

• Locates specific sites or information on InternetLocates specific sites or information on Internet

Shopping BotShopping Bot

• Software with varying levels of built-in Software with varying levels of built-in intelligenceintelligence

• Helps electronic commerce shoppers locate Helps electronic commerce shoppers locate

and evaluate products or services and evaluate products or services


Searching for Information on the Web

9.14

The World Wide Web

““Push” technologyPush” technology

• Obtains relevant information on networks Obtains relevant information on networks

MulticastingMulticasting

• Transmission of data to a selected group of Transmission of data to a selected group of recipientsrecipients


Searching for Information on the Web

9.15

The World Wide Web

FirewallFirewall

• Hardware or software placed between an Hardware or software placed between an organization’s internal network and external organization’s internal network and external network network

• Prevents outsiders from invading private Prevents outsiders from invading private networksnetworks

ExtranetsExtranets

• Private intranets extended to authorized users Private intranets extended to authorized users outside company outside company


Intranets and Extranets

9.16

The World Wide Web


Model of an Extranet

Figure 9-5

9.17

The World Wide Web

• Web-based applications Web-based applications

• Enables users to access digital information Enables users to access digital information from the Internet from the Internet

• Wireless Web Standards:Wireless Web Standards:

– Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)– WML (Wireless Markup Language)– Microbrowser– I-mode– M-Commerce Challenges– Voice portals


The Wireless Web

9.18

The World Wide Web


Figure 9-6

9.19

The World Wide Web


WAP Versus I-Mode

Figure 9-7

9.20

The World Wide Web

• Keyboards and screens of cell phones tiny Keyboards and screens of cell phones tiny and awkward to useand awkward to use

• Very slow data transfer speeds Very slow data transfer speeds

• Minimal memory and limited power supplies Minimal memory and limited power supplies in Internet-enabled phones in Internet-enabled phones

• Web content primarily in text with very little Web content primarily in text with very little graphicsgraphics

• Incompatible technologiesIncompatible technologies


M-Commerce Challenges

9.21

The World Wide Web

• Connectivity and global reachConnectivity and global reach

• Reduced communication costsReduced communication costs

• Lower transaction costs Lower transaction costs

• Reduced agency costsReduced agency costs

• Interactivity, flexibility, and customization Interactivity, flexibility, and customization

• Accelerated distribution of knowledgeAccelerated distribution of knowledge


Organizational Benefits of Internet and Web Technology

9.22

Support Technology for Electronic Commerce and Electronic Business

HitHit

• Entry into Web server’s log file Entry into Web server’s log file

• Generated by each request to the server for a Generated by each request to the server for a filefile

Electronic commerce server softwareElectronic commerce server software

• Provides functions essential for running Provides functions essential for running e-commerce Web sitese-commerce Web sites


Web Servers and Electronic Commerce Servers

9.23


• Collecting and storing data Collecting and storing data

• Combining data with already stored dataCombining data with already stored data

• Analyzing the data Analyzing the data

• Identifying customer preferences and Identifying customer preferences and trendstrends


Customer Tracking and Personalization Tools

9.24


• Software to facilitate collection, assembly, Software to facilitate collection, assembly, and management of content on Web site, and management of content on Web site, intranet, or extranetintranet, or extranet


Web Content Management Tool

9.25


• Monitors time taken for downloading Web Monitors time taken for downloading Web pages pages

• Identifies broken links between Web pages, Identifies broken links between Web pages, Web site problems, and bottlenecks Web site problems, and bottlenecks


Web Site Performance Monitoring Tool

9.26


• Company with large Web server computers Company with large Web server computers

• Maintain Web sites of fee-paying Maintain Web sites of fee-paying subscriberssubscribers


Web Hosting Services

9.27

Management Issues and Decisions

• Loss of management controlLoss of management control

• Connectivity and application integration Connectivity and application integration challengeschallenges

• Organizational change requirementsOrganizational change requirements

• Hidden costs of enterprise computingHidden costs of enterprise computing

• Scalability, reliability, and securityScalability, reliability, and securitydowntimedowntime


The Challenge of Managing the New Information Technology Infrastructure

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