9.1 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 9 The Internet and the New information Technology Infrastructure 9 9 THE INTERNET

9.1 © 2004 by Prentice Hall

Management Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 9 The Internet and the New information Technology InfrastructureChapter 9 The Internet and the New information Technology Infrastructure99

THE INTERNET AND THETHE INTERNET AND THE

NEW INFORMATIONNEW INFORMATION

TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY

INFRASTRUCTUREINFRASTRUCTURE

Chapter


Management Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 9 The Internet and the New information Technology InfrastructureChapter 9 The Internet and the New information Technology Infrastructure

• What is the new information technology (IT) What is the new information technology (IT) infrastructure for business? Why is infrastructure for business? Why is connectivity so important in this connectivity so important in this infrastructure?infrastructure?

• How does the Internet work? What are its How does the Internet work? What are its major capabilities?major capabilities?

• How can businesses benefit from using the How can businesses benefit from using the World Wide Web and Web technology? How World Wide Web and Web technology? How can businesses benefit from the Wireless can businesses benefit from the Wireless Web?Web?

OBJECTIVES



• What are the principal technologies for What are the principal technologies for supporting electronic commerce and electronic supporting electronic commerce and electronic business?business?

• What management problems are raised by the What management problems are raised by the new information technology (IT) infrastructure? new information technology (IT) infrastructure? How can businesses solve these problems?How can businesses solve these problems?

OBJECTIVES



• Taking a broader perspective on Taking a broader perspective on infrastructure developmentinfrastructure development

• Selecting technologies for the new Selecting technologies for the new information technology (IT) information technology (IT) infrastructureinfrastructure

MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES



THE NEW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT) INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

Enterprise NetworkingEnterprise Networking

• Arrangement of organization’s hardware, Arrangement of organization’s hardware, software, network, and data resources software, network, and data resources

• Creates a company-wide network linking Creates a company-wide network linking many smaller networksmany smaller networks

InternetworkingInternetworking• Links separate networks into an Links separate networks into an

interconnected networkinterconnected network

Enterprise Networking and Internetworking



The New Information Technology (IT) Infrastructure

Figure 9-1




ConnectivityConnectivity

• Measures how well computers and Measures how well computers and computer-based devices communicatecomputer-based devices communicate

Open SystemOpen System

• Software systems Software systems

• Operate on different hardware platformsOperate on different hardware platforms

Standards and Connectivity for Digital Integration




Models of Connectivity for NetworksModels of Connectivity for Networks

• Transmission Control Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)

• Open Systems Interconnect (OSI)Open Systems Interconnect (OSI)

Standards and Connectivity for Digital Integration




(TCP/IP) Reference Model

Figure 9-2




Internet Service Provider (ISP)Internet Service Provider (ISP)

• Commercial organization with a permanent Commercial organization with a permanent connection to Internet connection to Internet

• Sells temporary connections to Sells temporary connections to subscriberssubscribers

What is the Internet?




Information applianceInformation appliance

• Device customized to perform few Device customized to perform few specialized computing tasks with minimal specialized computing tasks with minimal user effortuser effort

Internet Technology and Services

THE INTERNET: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT) INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM



Client/Server Computing on the Internet

Figure 9-3




Electronic Mail (E-Mail)Electronic Mail (E-Mail)

• Connects people worldwide Connects people worldwide

• Creates productivity gainCreates productivity gain

Usenet NewsgroupsUsenet Newsgroups

• On-line discussion groups using electronic On-line discussion groups using electronic bulletin boardsbulletin boards

Internet Tools for Communication




Analysis of an Internet Address

Figure 9-4




LISTSERVLISTSERV

• E-mail broadcast from mailing list E-mail broadcast from mailing list serversservers

ChattingChatting• Live, interactive conversations over Live, interactive conversations over

public networkpublic network





Instant messagingInstant messaging• Service that allows participants to Service that allows participants to

create their own private chat channelscreate their own private chat channels

Internet telephonyInternet telephony• Two-way voice transmission over the Two-way voice transmission over the

InternetInternet





Figure 9-5

GATEWAY

SERVERS

GATEWAY

How are you?

( )A B C

How are you?

( )A B C

Fine, thank you!

( )X Y ZFine, thank you!

( )X Y Z

A B C

X

A

Y

B

Z

C

B C A

Y Z X X Y Z




TelnetTelnet• Allows users to log on to one Allows users to log on to one

computer system while working on computer system while working on anotheranother

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)File Transfer Protocol (FTP)• Tool for retrieving and transferring Tool for retrieving and transferring

files from a remote computerfiles from a remote computer





Internet2 and Next Generation NetworksInternet2 and Next Generation Networks

• Research networks with new protocols and Research networks with new protocols and transmission speeds transmission speeds

• Provide infrastructures for supporting high Provide infrastructures for supporting high bandwidth Internet applicationsbandwidth Internet applications

Next Generation Networks and Internet 2

THE INTERNET: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT) INFRASTRUCTUREFOR THE DIGITAL FIRM



THE WORLD WIDE WEB

• Based on a standard hypertext language Based on a standard hypertext language called hypertext markup language (HTML)called hypertext markup language (HTML)

• Combines text, hypermedia, graphics, and Combines text, hypermedia, graphics, and soundsound

• Handles all types of digital communication Handles all types of digital communication

• Uses graphical user interfaces for easy Uses graphical user interfaces for easy viewingviewing

Overview



Search EngineSearch Engine

• Locates specific sites or information on Locates specific sites or information on InternetInternet

Shopping BotShopping Bot

• Software with varying levels of built-in Software with varying levels of built-in intelligenceintelligence

• Helps electronic commerce shoppers locate Helps electronic commerce shoppers locate

and evaluate products or services and evaluate products or services

Searching for Information on the Web

THE WORLD WIDE WEB



““Push” technologyPush” technology

• Information broadcast directly to user Information broadcast directly to user based on pre-specified interestsbased on pre-specified interests

MulticastingMulticasting

• Transmission of data to a selected group of Transmission of data to a selected group of recipientsrecipients

Searching for Information on the Web

THE WORLD WIDE WEB



FirewallFirewall

• Hardware or software placed between an Hardware or software placed between an organization’s internal network and organization’s internal network and external network external network

• Prevents outsiders from invading private Prevents outsiders from invading private networksnetworks

ExtranetsExtranets

• Private intranets extended to authorized Private intranets extended to authorized users outside company users outside company

Intranets and Extranets

THE WORLD WIDE WEB



Model of an Extranet

Figure 9-6

THE WORLD WIDE WEB



• Web-based applications Web-based applications

• Enables users to access digital information Enables users to access digital information from the Internet from the Internet

• Wireless Web Standards:Wireless Web Standards:– Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)– WML (Wireless Markup Language)– Microbrowser– I-mode– M-Commerce Challenges– Voice portals

The Wireless Web

THE WORLD WIDE WEB



Figure 9-7

THE WORLD WIDE WEB



WAP Versus I-Mode

Figure 9-8

THE WORLD WIDE WEB



• Keyboards and screens of cell phones tiny Keyboards and screens of cell phones tiny and awkward to useand awkward to use

• Very slow data transfer speeds Very slow data transfer speeds

• Minimal memory and limited power Minimal memory and limited power supplies in Internet-enabled phones supplies in Internet-enabled phones

• Web content primarily in text with very little Web content primarily in text with very little graphicsgraphics

• Incompatible technologiesIncompatible technologies

M-Commerce Challenges

THE WORLD WIDE WEB



SUPPORT TECHNOLOGY FOR ELECTRONIC COMMERECE AND ELECTRONIC BUSINESS

HitHit

• Entry into Web server’s log file Entry into Web server’s log file

• Generated by each request to the server for Generated by each request to the server for a filea file

Electronic commerce server softwareElectronic commerce server software

• Provides functions essential for running Provides functions essential for running e-commerce Web sitese-commerce Web sites

Web Servers and Electronic Commerce Servers



• Collecting and storing data Collecting and storing data

• Combining data with already stored dataCombining data with already stored data

• Analyzing the data Analyzing the data

• Identifying customer preferences and Identifying customer preferences and trendstrends

Customer Tracking and Personalization Tools




• Software to facilitate collection, assembly, Software to facilitate collection, assembly, and management of content on Web site, and management of content on Web site, intranet, or extranetintranet, or extranet

Web Content Management Tool




• Monitors time taken for downloading Web Monitors time taken for downloading Web pages pages

• Identifies broken links between Web pages, Identifies broken links between Web pages, Web site problems, and bottlenecks Web site problems, and bottlenecks

Web Site Performance Monitoring Tool




• Company with large Web server computers Company with large Web server computers

• Maintain Web sites of fee-paying Maintain Web sites of fee-paying subscriberssubscribers

Web Hosting Services




MANAGEMENT ISSUES AND DECISIONS

• Loss of management controlLoss of management control

• Connectivity and application integration Connectivity and application integration challengeschallenges

• Organizational change requirementsOrganizational change requirements

• Hidden costs of enterprise computingHidden costs of enterprise computing

• Scalability, reliability, and securityScalability, reliability, and securitydowntimedowntime

The Challenge of Managing the New Information Technology Infrastructure



• Change managementChange management

• Education and trainingEducation and training

• Data administration disciplinesData administration disciplines

• Planning for connectivity and application Planning for connectivity and application integrationintegration

Some Solutions

MANAGEMENT ISSUES AND DECISIONS


Management Information Systems 8/eManagement Information Systems 8/eChapter 9 The Internet and the New information Technology InfrastructureChapter 9 The Internet and the New information Technology Infrastructure99

THE INTERNET AND THETHE INTERNET AND THE

NEW INFORMATIONNEW INFORMATION

TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY

INFRASTRUCTUREINFRASTRUCTURE

Chapter

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9.1 © 2004 by Prentice Hall Management Information Systems 8/e Chapter 9 The Internet and the New information Technology Infrastructure 9 9 THE INTERNET