9. SPEAKING AND ORAL COMMUNICATION.pptx

8/10/2019 9. SPEAKING AND ORAL COMMUNICATION.pptx

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LECTURE No. 7

SPEAKING AND ORAL COMMUNICATION


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SPEA K ING A ND ORA L COMMUNICATION

DEFINITION

Non written communication is referred to as oralcommunication. It includes speaking (lecturing,verbally reporting, briefing, introducing,welcoming), dictating, interviewing, listening,reading, and viewing (visual aid, etc).


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Difference between Written and OralCommunication

Written Communication Oral Communication

1. It is more difficult to express(convey).

1.It is easier to express

2. We write less so we have lesspractice in written expression.

2.We speak more, so we have morepractice in speaking and expressing.

3. Spelling, Punctuation andmechanics (technicalities) are

necessary and troublesome

3.Spelling and punctuation are noproblem. But accent (pronunciation)

is. 4. It is difficult to adjust themessage.

4.It is easy to adjust the message tothe type of listener.

5. Non-verbal facilities cannot beused.

5.We have the aid (help) of facialexpressions, tone of voice, and

gestures (motion) in expression.


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Methods of Delivering Oral Communication

There are four methods of delivering oralcommunication of ideas.

Extemporaneous MethodManuscript-reading methodMemorization Method

Impromptu Method


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Extemporaneous Method

In this method the speaker communication on the

groundwork of pre-planned outlines or notes. The

outlines are supported with comments, quotations,

statistics, fact , figure and other relevant data.


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Manuscript Reading Method

The speaker reads out manuscript of his speech.

During out his speech the speaker often looks at his

audience. Sometime he may speak out of written

manuscript to emphasize and elaborate some point.


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Memorization Method

Here the speaker communication by memory. He speaks

spontaneously (suddenly). Before he delivers the speechhe has the theme of the message. He explains and

elaborates the points he has memorized. The speaker may

sound like a parrot. It will create an awkward situation if

he forgets a line or a word. He may slip up, have the slip

of the tongue, or skip over some useful points.


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Impromptu Method

On the spur of moment, without preparation, as the

expediency demands, the speaker communicate,

trimming (decorate) the message. Impromptu refers

to with out preparation, improvised, off hand.


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Preparation for or steps in oral communication

The prepara tion for o ra l comm unica t ion has the fo l lowing s teps .

Determine the purposeAnalyze the Audience and the situation

Choose the idea to includes in the message

Collect and interpret dataOrganize the data

Plan visual aids

Rehearse the talk


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Determine the purpose

Before speaking or making an oral presentation, it is necessary to determine thepurpose. It determines what do say and how to say.

The purpose may b e:

You are merely (purely) informing You are teaching You are trying to secure belief or action

You want to convince You are simply trying to entertain You are answering to blame or clarifying our position You are blaming the audience You want to motivate, guide, supervise


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Analyze the audience and the situationThe following information about the audience aids us in constructing the methodand style of speaking:

Name and sex of the audienceAgeEducationExperienceOther qualification

His or their place in the organizationHis or their important, authority, and responsibility in the organizationHis or their attitude, knowledge of the problemHis or their views, beliefs, viewpoints, etc. in general.The above data will help you tailor and trim your message.


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Organize the data

IntroductionText (explanation and discussion)Conclusion, suggestion, remedial steps, advise,etc.

Tell them what you are going to tell them. Then tell them.Then tell them what you have told them.


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Plan visual aids

At appropriate times the display of meaningful visualaids help the audience to understand the message

clearly. Common devises for display are chalk

boards, flip sheets, cards and posters, and projector

and VCRs. Through these aids we may exhibit

charts, tables, pictures, graphs, diagrams, etc.


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Rehearse the Talk

The audience judge the speaker by his attitude, bodily

action, tone of voice syntax, speech content, and style.Bodily action-posture, movement, gestures and facial

expression- and tone must be natural rather than

aggressive or offensive. proper pause should be givenwhen speaking. You must know your opening sentences

word for word. You must be sure that you can deliver the

message with in the time limit.


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Physical Behavior of the Speaker

Phys ica l behavior i s the com bina t ion of the fo l low ing :

Facial express ion Gestures Voc al-ton e (s in gin g to ne) of vo ice

The behavior of the speaker is very important. It mayattract or distract the attention of the audience.Proper behavior will argument the message.

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9. SPEAKING AND ORAL COMMUNICATION.pptx