8th Science samacheer complete tamil medium PART 2

8/6/2019 8th Science samacheer complete tamil medium PART 2

1/26


2/26

kj cl af

33

myFbrasf

l msnfhiy nkirfisgagL aff vthW bragLwd

vgij mJ bfhsyh. Kjmsnfh xU Kidia gl csgonkir itf. msnfh xU Kid a mGjidbfhLjh msnfh kbwhU KidahdJxU Fl ms nkny catij fhzyh.Mdh mGj bfhLfgl msnfhKid mfkhf wfiy. thwhf eKila cl vYfS, jirfS,izJbragLwd.

gl fhoathW eKilaifid o klFnghJ KHif cs _L vgo bragLwJvW mjdh if cs Ujirfshd Ujiyjir kWKjiy jir vthW xWbfhW

vuhd ir bragLwdvgij bjthf mayh.ifid klF nghJ nkifcs Ujiy jirf RUifid LnghJ jsJfhzgLwJ. Jnghy ifidklF nghJ Kjiy jirf

jsJ LnghJ jirfRU fhzgLwd.

vY fodkhdJ. J btwrhg w bghUfsh MdJ.

_ uL gF fknrkf myJ fha, ghng,fhgndLf nghw jkfmlsd. xU gF fkbghUfsh MdJ. J vcilaToajhf csJ.

vYf xU lbghU my. it btw fodkhd glyjhY beUfkhd gy mLF fshYMd vY Rfsh Mdit.vY ika vilFiwthdJUJthdJkhd cR jiksflgR nghw bghUf csd.

itf vY k{i# vdgL.it a uj tgQf kW uj btisaQfis cUthFwd. vYf e cliy jhghJfhf aikahj, KacWfshd _is, Eiupu kW

ja nghw cWfis _oghJfhwJ. nkY it cl

Ujiyjir RUFj

Ujiyjir jsj

_L

Kjiy jir jsj

ifid

klFnghJ

ifid

LnghJ

nkir

Ka jugLKid efU uFiw

Mjhu

nkirUJ xUFl msnkny caj

Kid gF

Kjiy jirRUFj

msnf

h

braKiw kh msnfh kWbenfh brakh

www.errsm.org

2 www.errsm.org


3/26

kj cl af

34

ca

bra 3.1

iffis RHWiffis kl ca jsJkfil ltykhf U

jiyid ltykhf Uc thid mfykhf wJ_L.

nkfl midJ braghLfY Ka gF tFjirf kW _Lf bgafis mt braghLfisvit vgij mJ vG tUf.

afF cjwd. vYghdJfodkhd njhyh _lgLsJ.

j btiwF bgahoavW bga. e cl fhzgL

midJ vYfis totmogil ehF tiffshftifgLjyh.

3.2 _Lf kW mt tiffvYf, _Lf _y xWl

xW izJsd. _Lf uL vYfSF ilna

mikj cWahd iziH_y izfgL wd. iziHf iz RfshcUthdit.

_L vgJ vd?

xU _L vgJ vYfSFilY FUbjYfSF ilY gfSF vYfSF

ilY izig VgLJgFahF.

v tot vLJfhL

1. s k h dvY

bjhil vYf,fh vYffhu vYf,ifbaY,KifbaYifu vYf.

2. FilahdvY

kfL,fQfh vY

3. jilahdvY

kilnahLvYf

njhgilcs fhiu vY,njhgil cskhbgY

4. xGfwtotbfhlvYf

KJbfY bjhlfilahf csth vY kWkilnahL, KfvYf

vY R

t kWkr vYk{i#

bgahoa

bjhil vY btL njhw

FUbjY mik

RT

br

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3 www.errsm.org


4/26

kj cl af

35

myF

gJ z _L

iz U vYf xUvY Kid gJ nghy, kbwhUvY Kid z nghWfhzgLwJ. v.fh. njhgil,

L vYf.

t.v

_Lfiz

tifmik vLJfhL

1. ehiz

_Lf

vYf iz R ehfsh izfgLsd. t il ilbt iy, mirf iy.xbthW ija izghizfgLsd.

kilnahL vYkW K fh vYfbt fh vYfSFilnaahd iz.

2. FUbjY_Lf vYf FUbjYf _y izJsd. ndhailbt iy.

fhJ kl, _ E,khbgY

3. ut _Lf

myJ

ndha_Lf

j _Lf Fl irfmiraToait. nkY, itf ilbt csd._Lf FUbjYghYndha rthY MdJ. j ilbt ndha utcsJ.

L kW njhgilvY nrUl, KHif,Kj fGJ KbsY, ulhtJ fGJKbsY, fQfhvYf fhzgL.

y ut _Lf (ndha _Lf)

iziHLbgY

gJ

ndaut

ndagly

L cs mir _L

_Lf tiff

_Lf mt mir mogil tifgLjgLsd.

y _Lf mirahJ. vdnt tiw mirah _Lf vd,y _Lf J miraToait.

tiw J mir _Lfvd kW y _Lf ewhfmiraToa tif csd.vdnt it mir _Lf vWmiHfgLwd.

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4 www.errsm.org


5/26

kj cl af

36

ca

bra 3.2

ca M Tl cskj vYTo khfisMuhJ mf.

kj vY TL

_L

iz U vYfx Kid FJ kbwhUvY Kid FJ fhzgL.Fj gF Fj gFl

iz. v.fh. KHfh, KHif

tGF _L iz vYf

nkgF tHtHghf,jilahf UwJ. J mirikakhf bfhL aFtiy.v.fh.fQfh vY, csifvY, njhgil vY, khbgY.

Kis _L

iz U vYfx Kid Tikahf cUistotY fhzgL. kbwhU

vYghdJ j J tlKidahfRHtJ nghy mikJsJ.

iziH (Ligament) gh mscsJ. J jiyid ltykhfUg gagLwJ. v.fh. Kj kW

ulhtJ fGJK vYf.

kil XL

njh gilvY

yhvYf

KJFjL

bjhilvY

LbgY

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5 www.errsm.org


6/26

kj cl af

37

myF

bra 3.3

mUYs FsUJ yyFf TLfis nrf.fhQ yFfis flf.

1. xU JLs XLila yF.2. xU izj uL

JLs XL bfhl yF.3. Xlw yF.

3.3 rlf

rlfkhdJ eKila mirfshd elgJ, XLtJ nghw gy jkhdmirfSF fU nghW bragLwbjgjid g Jtiu ehmnjh. eKila rlf mik kW mt fisfhngh.

kj vY To cs midJ vYfis ekh vz Kokh?

M. ekh Ko. bghJthf kj vY To 206 vYfcsd. itf mR rlf, izWrlf vd U fshffgLsd. j fis mj cfis vikahf manH cs gof ekF cj.

kj vY TL

mR rlf izWrlf

kilnahL

ckil

vY

fGJ gil

vY

kh KvY

L KvY

KJbfYtL

UbfY

th vYgF

fF

_bfY

nkjhilvY

jhilvY

kj kilnahL

KJbfY

KJbfY bjhl

khTLkhbgYfS

njh tisakW nk gfcW vYf

L tisakW gfcW vYf

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6 www.errsm.org


7/26

kj cl af

38

ca

khbgY

jF yh vYf

cik yh vYf

bgh yh vYf

yh vYf kW khbgY

Kj kW ulhtJ KbsY

mR rlfKJbfYghdJ tisj j

wghd mikid bgWsJ. J 5 gFfshf fgLsJ.

mitf tUkhW1. fGJgF - gF

7KbsYf csd.2. khgF - gF 12

KbsYf csd.3. tWgF - gF 5

KbsYf csd.4. UbtY (L gF) -

gF 5 KbsYf

csd.5. thKbsY (vr cW)- 4 KbsYf csd.

khTL khbgYfS

J Eiupu, ja nghw aikahj cWfis _o

ghJfhwJ. 12 iz (24) yhvYf csd.

yh vYfS, khbgYfSkW KJbfY izJ khTlhf csd.

Kj 7 iz yhvYf neilahf khbgYl

izUwd. it cik

yh vYf vdgL. jid mLJs 3 iz

yh vYf neilahf khbgYl izJsd. itbghyh vYf vdgL.

W cs uL 11 kW12 iz yh vYf jhf,khbgYl izahJ UF,

j izahj yh vYfjF yh vYf vdgL.

ca

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7 www.errsm.org


8/26

kj cl af

39

myF

KJbfYgwitf jhfToa kW af Toa y

KGtJ utdh uggLs cUis G jirf,

thl efjYF gagLwJ.

rlfvYf

vYfvif

mRrlf 80

izWvYf

126

bkhj 206

e cl cs f skhd vYkW f a vYf

kj fhzglToa f skhd vY, bjhil vYMF. ruhr kj, j

s Rkh 45br MF.

e cl fhzglToa fa vY eL fh csmfto vYghF.

izW rlf

izW rlfkhdJ njhgil vY kW L vYtisafis cslaJ (ifvYf kW fh vYf)

rlf ntiyf

jhFj: J cliy jh,totid bfhLwJ.

ghJfhj: ja, _is,Eiupu nghw aikahj clcWfis ghJfhwJ.

af: af benfhnghW bragL, mirfSFcjwJ.

nrF jhJ cf: fha,ghng, fhgnd nghw y jhJ

cfis nrJitwJ.

uj brf cg: vYk{i# uj tgQf, ujbtisaQf kW ujjLf cg bragLwJ.

fhiu vY

njhgil vY

nkif vYMubaYKif vY

kfL vYfcsif vYf

u vYf

tyJ njh tisa kW nkgf cW vYf

tyJ L tisa kW gf cW vYf

L FKnfhzvY

bjhil vY

Kfh vY

fh vY

fQfh vY

csfh vYfu vYf

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8 www.errsm.org


9/26

40

ca

ytif bkYlf utmGj gf _y RU,jsj Kiw jir ghjf

efj _y efwd.

bkYlf cl nkw fhzgL nkoyhRufgL TLf gy jfmikJ, mitfSFghJfhid jUwJ.

3.4 yFf af(kG,fugh, gwit, , gh)

yFf l bgajyhdJ

cz, Ul, izfMatiw njo, vfl UJ jfis fhJbfhskW lf Jyf

fahf eilbgWwd. jmirf jf RUjikdh eilbgWwJ.nkY, yFf jf lbgajYF Vw gntW cWfisbgWsd. mit FW iHf,

iHf, izWf, JLf,if, fhf, nl, jir ghj kW

wiff nghwit MF.

f nyna thGcdkhF. mt Ta clmik aFtjF Vwtif mikJsJ. JLff lbga cWghF.

it wghf JtjF Vwjftikid bgWsd. bgUghyhd f thgFiamiynghW gftho mgo

go mirJ Jwd (v.fh.o ). isa kW snghw jil mikila f,nkY Gkhf Jwd. yhF

l cliy bgWsd. Jj cl KGtij gfthomgo go mirJ JwJ.y Fl f JLfmirthdJ irfis khwnkny, nH j, ltykhfnthmyJ tylkhfnth j

gagLwd. y vY fjf cj fhW igfisbfhLsd. nkY, fhWmyJ thfnsh uggoUF.

it jf cjwd.

kG

kG af mitftl kW jirfS, jir

ahd lhf cjahY eilbgWwJ. lhf lhFD csd. lh F csjirf RU jstjh, lhfbtna LjY cGjY

eilbgWwd. itf kG efjnghJ k nkguidgbfhs cjwd. jirfVgL RUFjY jsjY

l(thgfthL

af

ndhaaf

ndha af

r af

Kndha

af

yhF (jiy Kj

th tiuyhdS tot af

ca

kj cl af

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9 www.errsm.org


10/26

kj cl af

41

myF

c z b f h

f h

w i f

fugh

bra 3.4 uL kGfis vLJbfhSf. xiw fzho

eGtY, kbwhiw brhubrhughd guY itf. mitf

afij cW nehFf.vj kG af ntfkhf

UF? fhuzij vGJf.

kG af

mLjLJ bjhlahf eilbgW. J xbthU flF fljgL kGid Kndh

af cjwJ. G efjYF eu klykhdJ tl kW jirfSlD, clF utmGjJlD izJ xUizj braghlh efj

eilbgW. RU, jsj clFut _y G cl KGtJgu af KGikahf eilbgwcjwJ.

kG UJthd kW fodkhdfzho nghw guf xLut cjah lbgamilaKowJ. JnghW guigg bfhs lhf gaglhJ.kG lF 25br. ntfbrY.

fugh

fughahdJ iuthf XlToa, ewhf gwf Toa ahF.

fugh tW wcs 6 fhfS jF bgJcjwd. X neuf Kfhf bjhilgFia kl,fhfis o myJ mjFVwh nghy itUF, itf

K izfhf elj bjhlkw izfS Jl bjhlJ

elgjh, lbga eilbgWwJ.khgF U iz wiffcsd. K iz wifahdJjoJ fhzgL. J cliy _o ghJfhwJ. iz

wiff bkikahd rthMdit. J fugh gwgjFgagLwJ.

gh

miy miyahd lbgaahdS-tot efthdJ bgUghyhdghf Y yY efugagLJwd. gh fGJgF cs jir UJbjhlF RUf mirf xbthU

RUFj

cuh gF

afir

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10 www.errsm.org


11/26

kj cl af

42

ca

gFY efJ xU bjhlahdmiy tiria cUthFtj _y

vjhf Kndh Jwd.nkY xbthU RU jSjY

jilF vuhf bragLwJ.Mdh y itf ghiwf,isf, gsf, ff nghw

jil mjDila brf Wfkhf gWtj _yjilfis js ntfkhf efJbrwd. vdnt, itfcl cs brf jjilfis g nkY mGKndh efwd.

gwit

gwitf, fhWkly thif

nfw mikfis bgWsitahF. t clmikghdJfh gwgjnfg T totid fh gwFnghJ fhW

Kdfhf kh mikfgl ed mikghF. it f clvilia Fiwf cFsvYfS mtYs fhW ua

fhW igfS cjwd. Jgwf cjahf csJ. nkYrthj, iyahf Wj eTutotKs jirahdJ vYjo_y gwit kh izJsJ.

j vYjL vdgL. fr thj njhgil jirfSl

izj wiff nkY Gmirgjh gwj eilbgWwJ.

fhQ Kiwf bgU

ghyhd gwitf gwwd.

nehF mir

gwit wiff, nehmoFnghJ mj wFf xnk xW kotjh fhW cnsbrtiy. mjdh gwitfv fhdh cj gLwd

myJ gwwd.nk nehF mir

gwit wiff nkneh brY nghJ mj wFfKW wd. jdh fhW

wFf tna brwd. mjdhgwitf wiff Rygkhf nkneh vGwd.

jilmsitFiwFtifYmikJsJ.gwitf

wiffmitf

gh af

nehF mir

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11 www.errsm.org


12/26

kj cl af

43

myF

wFj

gwitf wF nghJ mj wiffis RU jiygf GJbfhwd. th jLgh

dhf bragLwJ. mjdh vjiu wFwJ.

kL1. jjikahd thijia njbjLJ vG kW kwitf xj

fhuzid vGJ.

m) fhiubaY M) kilnahL ) bjhil vY


13/26

kj cl af

44

ca nkY ma

Modernzoology-Dr.RameshGupta-PrakashPublications.

Humananatomy-T.S.Ramanathan-S.ChandandCompanyLtd.

m

4 nH cs izf xW izahk csJ, mjid flf.

m M

1. njhgil iz gJz _L

2. _L Kj kW ulhtJ fGJ KbsYf3. tGF _L khbgY

5. vY klykhdJ gy gfSl afF cjwJ vgJcdF bjkh? mitf ahit? uj brfis cUthFj

6. m kW M milahs mJ mt gfis vGj.

7. gl ghJ tiuJ mjghffis Ff.

m) gJ

M) bgoa

) kr ki#


14/26

jhtu cyf

46

ca

4.1. irf

ey kiHF wF vU iwj k gF Obud KisF fhshf geh efnth. it irf cyfij rhjit.

lhf tifgho irf _whtJ cyfkhf csd. J nkhLf,fhshf, nlh^, milF ir kW g~ gJf Matiw

cslaJ.

nkhLf g~ gJfmilF irehFil

M, vdF bjfhshf Rit

Fjit kW ujrJFjit.

irf gira iy. Mjyh, mtwh jkFnjitahd czit jhnk jahf ayhJ.

e mkh,fhshfis th

tJf.vdF J f

oF mkh.vd?

4.jhtu cyf

ca

www.errsm.org

14 www.errsm.org


15/26

jhtu cyf

47

myF

Jtiu 1,00,000 nkgl

irdf flagLbgalgLsd.

RWNH ghid czJc fhofshf iyffsFwd.

irah ghfgl

btfha kW jfh

irnfhiknfhlh(buho fhsh)

Mnfhiknfhlh(nfhig ir)

bgonahiknfhlh(fQto ir )

blnuhiknfhlh(bga)

irf tifghL

irf gf

1. xiw bryh Mdit (v.fh


16/26

jhtu cyf

48

ca

shbr ggah-gffd ir myJ cs ir-

Vkhwjh ghfgl isPfSFcikF wghd, nyrhdij nghwth gwF uikia VgLbgU ghig jUwJ.

Mgy FHijflxthikia VgLJwJ. Mdhshnlhngha xthikUJghJfhwJ.

irfS ehK

1. cz : fhshf ujkW fkfis mfmsbfhLsd. mf ms gutyhf

czgLgit, bghjhfhsh fshF (mfhf). vyhfhshfS cz jFjitmy. 2,000 tif czjFjfhshf csd.

cz jFj fhshfv.fh. mfhf fbg,mfhf ignghu nghwit.

eRjik Fj fhshf

(nlh^)v.fh., mkhlh kfhah, mkhlh

gnyh nghwit.

vw EQ vbghUbga vD irUJbgwgLwJ. v.fh.blbunlhik, nahik,

fhdhik, b#nlhik, vnuhik nghwit bghJthd yEQ vbghUshF.

3. itlf: itl B(iunghns) jah m~ahfh kW vnkha m~nghw irf gagLwd.

ir nehf

kj - iknfhr ( njh, ef, Ko

kW cl cWf njhWwJ ).ghjgil, gl jhkiu.

yFf - vfh, ghjgil

jhtuf - JUneh, fUgGf,fW kW nff

kiHF d ckJ gFnjhW iffis fL. mttz, tot kW gntW gFfg Ff nrff.

c oF mU fhsh tsF lF brW ts KiwfFJ mJ bfhf.

mkhlh gnyh

eRjik Fjfhshf

UJ czjFj fhshfis

vthWfLofyh?

mfhf fbg

ca

bghJthf eR fhshf ufhrkhdwfSl fhzgL.

2. EQ vbghUf :J xUntbghU. xU cd UJbjLfgL kbwhUcdij bfhynth myJmt tsia jil branthgagLjgLwJ. bg

www.errsm.org

16 www.errsm.org


17/26

jhtu cyf

49

myF

1. it gRik w bfhl th jhtuf. vikahd,

iyYs, gHikahdjhtuf. t cl nt,jL, iy vw ntWghoidbgUgiy.

2. itf xU bryhfnth, gybryhfnth, iH nghnwhmyJ isj ku nghnwhfhzgLwd.

th jhtuf

4.3. ghf

4.2. F kW thj jhtuf

jhtufis Fjhtuf th jhtuf vd uL tifahffyh. shnl cyf tifghL nH jugLsJ

cyf - shnl ( jhtu cyf )

thj jhtuf ( nlhnf ) F jhtuf ( bgdnuhnf )

ghf unahigLf blnlhigLf ndhbgf Mnah bgf

3. itf gira bgUgjhjkFjhnd czit jhnd

jahJ bfhS.

4. t brRt brYnyh[hMdJ.

5. ghf flthW dbgUf brwd.

j brovbghGJF?

bgu bro

j bro thjhtu. JnghfiscUthF

myF

www.errsm.org

17 www.errsm.org


18/26

jhtu cyf

50

ca

t. v 1 2 3 4

tz ygir gir gG t

w ignfhra gira nfh[h ignfhv

tF randhiglh Fnshnuhiglh ngnahiglh nuhnlhiglh

nrcz

randhigalh

lh yhdh ansh oa

lh

v.fh Mynlhah shnlhnkhd rfh[ ghir nghah

fnghah uhrj bf vgit xUgG w flghfshF. mit xU ehFRkh 15 br.. tsJ xU tUl Rkh 50l (160 mo) s tiu mila ToaJ.Jjh cy f ntfkhf tsU fl fisMF.

cly dbgUf

Jlhj v.fh. ignuhifuh

ghyh dbgUf. - nghf

gh dbgUf. - V izkW gf iz. v.fh.ignuhifuh

gh cWfshd Moa kWMnfha _y. v.fh. fhuh

ghf gaf

1. cz

fhQ ghf kjf,L yFf kW fSF

czthf gagLwd.v.fh.cth, nydhah, rfh[,Fnshbuyh

2. mf mf

J t ghUJ bgwgLwJ. v.fh. b#oa kWuhnyah

gT jhaf gagLwJ.

ghf tifghLghf mt tz mogil tifgLjgLsd.

xnrif br w bgw wfis bgWsd. mit gir,gG, t myJ ygir w bfhLsd. mit mfkhf

bgWs w mogil mt wij bghWJ flthWtifgLjgLsd.

FsYs iu xU y ghfSl vLJtJ Enzh Jiz bfhLcWnehf.

ca

nrhjid FHhf tsfgL jhtufSF tsjsbghUshf gagLjgLwJ.

3. mnaho

J nyndah vdgL gGghUJ bgwgLwJ.

4. bt gaz ghf

fay th kW cl kwffis f kW kjWiu ijf Fnshbuyhigbundh nlh[h vD ghbt gazfgagLjgLwJ.

www.errsm.org

18 www.errsm.org


19/26

jhtu cyf

51

myF

mUfhik cs jhtu ehwfF brW mF njhlfiyts vthW ghd gagLwJ vd fhf.

4.4. iunahigLf

kiy gFf cs kufkW ghiwf J W jhtufgRik w fgs nghaJ ngh

fhzgL. it Kj Kj UJ bttJ ythtjfhd jftikid bgwjhtu tifdkhF. Mdh it

dbgUf bra ayhJ.

kh vdgL iunahigLf nt, jL, iy xjcWfis bgWsd.

rj khw eilbgWwJ.(nghnuhig iy, nfnlh

ig iy Ma uL

thif RH khkhtUwd)

nfLf _y ghdbgUfK, nghf, b#khz kW Jlhj Kiw_y ghyh dbgUfKbrwd.

it kW y Ma uoY thG jFidbgWsd. vdnt it F jikaw U thfvd miHfgLwd.

iunahigLf tifghL

tF-bAghonf ntWghL milahj

cly

nuhnlhkh iyiy

v.fh. ah

tF-Mnjhbrunl nghnuhig jhtu lh,nfN vd ntWghlilJsJ.

nuhnlhkh iy iy

v.fh. Mnjhnuh

tF-ki[ nt, iy kW

jL nghw cWfshf ntWghL milJsJ

v.fh. dhah

ghd kh xU fhy FHij

fSF xU Kiw kL gagLJfhrilahf gagLjglJ.Vbd J utij eF crToaJ.

myF

iunahigLf gaf cyjgl kh kW

ghd Mad vbghUshfgagLwd.

nkY ghd iu jLghdhf, cR bghUshfkUJtkidf ga gLwJ.

ghd ij ehwfh kWgRik yf gagLjgLwd.

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ca

4.5. blnlhigLf / bgufrhWFHh (thFy) fiwia

bg W Kj Kj y thGwid bgw thj jhtufbgufshF. it rhWFHhfiw bgw thj jhtuf vdmiHf gLwd. (i[y, nshavgit kW cz flJmik) it uh fhy

UJ thJ tUwd.

iyf uhLf (nghnuh

f) vd miHfgLwd.mit w nghfiscUthFwd.

Mnahbg ndhbg

F jhtuf

i[yhlhv.fh.i[nyhl

iynfhlh ( s kh )v.fh.iynfhnghoa

dhlh ( Fiuth bguf )v.fh.


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myF4.6. ndhbgf

nt, jL, iy vw ntWghLf cs cly.

eF tsailj M

nt bjhF. ntWgl iyaik. ulh iy ts

csit. nghnuhig kW nfh

nlhig iyf kh khfhzgLwd.

M kW bg TfiscUthFwd.

wj ijjhtuf tifghL1. irfnl v.fh. irf

gid nghw a ku.

(neuhdit, isfswit)

wF tot Toiyf, T

tot cia cUthF wd.

Mnt bjhF, gtH

ntfis bfhLsJ.

2. nfhna v.fh. nfhignyhgh

j FG thG xnud.

tot iyfisbfhLs bga ku.

tUJw ehw juToaJ.

3.nfhbgnu v.fh. igd gRik khwh kuf, T tot

njhwKilait. iyf C myJ br

nghwit. wifila ijf.

4. nl v.fh. l

ca gfis bfhl ajhtu Tl.

Nf nghw jo Jwj iy csd.

irf ku

nfh ignyhgh

myF

igd ku

l

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ca

2. igUJ kufilviz, bu nghwitilwd. bu UJtzf Mbkf,thf jahf

gagLwd.3. vuh v jahf

gagLwJ. (MfyhL) J MJkh nehiaFzgLJwJ.

4. l _L thjij FzgLJwJ. mf fhfjT fhj jahfgagLwJ.

5. munfah ( Fu ) -gRik khwhj mHF jhtu

4.7. Mnahbgf

1. F jhtuf xU fbgabjhU bjhFahf Mnahbg csJ. FGVwFiwa 26,000 cthjhtufis bfhlJ.

2. y fLikahd Niy

ju kw vyh lfYtswd. it Wbroahf,b g U b f h o a h f ,jbroahf kW bgakukhf csd.

3. iry, nsha vw flJRfis bfhlit.

4. ulh iy ts csJ.(gil cUthf)

Mnahbgf tifghL

4.8. xU iy jhtuf

jDila ijD xnu xUiyia bfhl jhtuf xUiy jhtuf vd miHfgLwd. v.fh. , be, nrhskW nfhJik

ndhbgf gaf

ig

brfil

~

bru

kurhkhf,bg kWFf

y bfhil fliy kW nrhsijfis Cw itJ Jneu fJ mtiw J cWnehf.

fU

fU cz

nrhs ij

xU iyjhtu

U iyjhtu

5. j Nf NigYsNyiwfsh NHgLsJ.Nig d fahfkhwkilwJ. Nf

iffhsf khWwd. ijfijiyfis bfhLsd.

kj thF Mnahbgf aikahjit. cz,cil, kUJ, kufil, ehfMatWF itna Mjhu.

1

ca

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myF

Uiy, xUiy jhtuf mik

xU mfhgh jhtu kW uil kUJ mf xUiy kW U iy jhtufSilna cs w mik

ntWghLfis cW nehFf.

jhtu gF Uiy xUiy

nt Mnt bjhF rnt bjhF

iy tiyd eugik iznghF eugik

ky

m, vd ntWghliljit v.fh. kh, nt, ky

mff 4, 5 myJ mjklfhf fhzgL.

m, vd ntWghL iy. uL xizJ jfshf khw

bgWsd. ky mff _WmyJ mj klFfshf fhzgL.

mtiu ij

fU

iy myF

4.9. U iy jhtuf

jDila ijD uLiyfis bfhl jhtuf

U iy jhtuf vd miHfgLwd. v.fh. mtiu, glh, kh.

nt btL njhw4.10. nt mik

nt wnjh iunrhbl

vdgL. y brfntfshf milwd.

mLj mLF fhbl. JflJj kW nrjYFgagLwJ.

iry bt[f ntUJjhtu kw ghffSF

id flJ gid

brwd. nsha bt[f iyUJ

czid jhtu w cWfSF flJ braidbrwd.

iry kW nshaF ilna xU iz RcsJ.

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23 www.errsm.org


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ca

o - bkGF gly vbl - cUis totKil

ait ghJfhig mwd.gy brfsh Md fiscUthFwd.

fhbl - J _WgFfshf fgLsJ.nfhyifkh- joghd brRtbfhlJ-jhFj gia brwJ.

4.11. jo mik

Uiy jo btL njhw

o

vbl

nfhyifkh

Fnshuifkh fhbl

ghuifkh

vnlh bl

bgir

nsha

nfa thFyh fiw

iry

FWFf

ca

Fnshuifkh-bka RtbfhlJ, gira csjhxnrif Jiz brwJ.

ghuifkh - bka Rt cilaJ- nr kW fhnwhl gnfwJ.

vnlhbl - (lh ciw)- gh totKilaJ ghJfhkW flJj gagLwJ.

gy fiw mik ( gy Kid iry)v.fh. xU iy jhtu.

ehF fiwaik (ehF Kid

iry) v.fh. U iy jhtu.

nt ikagF vdgL. xU iy jhtunt csJ. U iy jhtu nt iy.

J cz nrg gagLwJ.

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myF

myF bgir -buifkhghuifkh kh kh

mikJsd.

thFyh fiw

nsha - cz flj

nfa - ulh iy ts

i[y - flj

FWF f - thFyhfiwfSF ilnagusJ.

-flJj gagLwJ.

4.12. Uiy jhtu

iy mik

o - wnjhbt mLF.

nkwnjh - cUistot brf, ghJfhFgagLwJ.

ghn[L ghuifkh - FHhtot brf gRfffis

bgWsd. xnrifFJiz brwd.

gh ghuifkh - KilmyJ tl totKilaitgRfffis bgUgiy.nr kW flJj Jiz

brwd. thFyh fiw - iry

id flJwJ. nshaczid flJwJ.

wnjh - cUis totbrf, iy JisfisbgWsd. uhnghFkW th gkhw JizbrwJ.

UwK xj mikila iy Inrhignylu (Uw

xj mikila iy)xU iy jhtu iyghn[L myJ ghghuifkh t xWkL fhz gL.

lhbtu U iyjhtu iy ghn[L kW

gh ghuifkh uLfhzgLwd.

Nafh iy btLnjhw

of

nkwnjh

ghn[L ghuifkh

gh ghuifkhiry

nsha

thFyh fiw

w njh

nrh R

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kL

1. rahd ilia njbjLJ vGJf.

m. J rhW vLJfhL ( gah/ mfhf)

M.mf mf UJ jahfgLwJ.(b#oa/Fnshbuyh. J xU gid nghw ndhbg (irf/igd)

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8th Science samacheer complete tamil medium PART 2