8A Unit 4-6

(Revision)

8A Unit 4-6主要内容： 人与自然的关系 Unit 4 野生动物 讨论有关野生动物所处困境及其灭种和保护等问题，并提出一系列关于人如何对待自然的道德思考。Unit 5 观鸟者 谈论扎龙自然保护区。Unit 6 自然灾害 讲述气候条件和自然灾害，以及人们是如何战胜它们的。

Unit 4-6 复习主要内容：

词汇的表达和运用

词汇

短语句型

书面表达

语法项目

一一 . . 词汇词汇

8A Unit 4

wild , bear, kangaroo, sadly, hunter, fur, farmer, forest, nowhere, danger, action, protect, encourage, safe, thick, writer, camel, fox, giraffe, tortoise, wolf, zebra, bamboo, report, step, poison, hunt, character, smell, loss, farmland, sell, train, mice, sharp

四会单词

G______ pandas live in China. They eat b_______ s_____. When baby pandas are born, they look like white m____. They are ind_____ now, because not only h______ hunt them for their f____, but also f______ change the f______ into f________. Giant pandas will have n______ to live because of the l_____ of their living areas. We must take a_______ to p_____ all the w____ animals. We can e________ farmers to leave the reserves, build more reserves and make them bigger.

iantamboo hoots

iceanger unters

ur armersarmlands

owhere ossctions

rotect ildncourage

orests

8A Unit 5四会单词

market, northern, broad, nature, north-east, wildlife, provide, shelter, stay, rare, tourist, endangered, government, farm, importance, wet, dishonest, unnecessary, impossible, unfriendly, unwelcome, unable, incorrect, protected, fish, litter, entrance, sandwich, angry, angrily, noisy, nicely, softly, shine, km., drop, careless, fact, worm, south-east, reason, snowstorm, flood, cm, e.g., etc., sec., info., no., min., example, rest, dollar, plus, birth, hobby

The Chinese g_________ built lots of reserves to protect the e__________ _______ ( 野生生物 ).Zhalong, one of the world’s most important wetlands, is a n_____ reserve in n________ China. The area p______ food and s_____ for those r___ red-crowned cranes and many other kinds of plants,fish and birds.Every year thousands of t_______ go birdwatching there. We hope more and more people can understand the i___________ of wetlands because they can also prevent f_____.

overnmentndangered wildlife

atureorth-east rovideshelter are

ourists

mportance

loods

Unit 6

四会单词natural, earthquake, accident, wash, storm, rainstorm, thunder, shaking, body, fear, scream, bomb, shake, direction, wildly, brick, calm, over, moment, since, somebody, chocolate, hurry, daylight, loudly, everywhere, cloud, wind, windy, fog, foggy, frost, frosty, drop, as, snowy, excuse, advise, warn, lock, order, cover, arrival, heavy, hit, lady, nearly, sandstorm,warning, roll

There are a lot of n________ disasters in the world such as e___________, snowstorms, rainstorms, floods etc. A lot of people have lost their lives in them. Timmy survived Taiwan earthquake in 1999. At first, he felt a s______ through his b____ and heard a big noise like t_______. The noise sounded like b____ under the ground. People looked at each other in f____.Then they ran in all d________ w____. When the earthquake was o____, he found he was t_______. He tried to c____ down and s_______ for help. Finally, he was saved.

aturalarthquakes

haking odyhunder

ombsear

irections ildlyver rappedalm creamed

二 . 短语句型

1. 第一次看见2. 起初3. 砍树4. 两整天5. 穿过森林6. 单独居住7. 其他某个人8. 挣钱9. 一个特殊的地方10. 一个自然保护区11. 在中国东北部

first sawat the beginning/at firstcut down treestwo whole daysgo through the forestlive alonesomeone elseearn/make moneya special placea nature reservein north-east China

12. 一个做某事的极好的地方

13. 为某人提供某物

14. 理想中的家园

15. 不同种类的16. 全年17. 做短暂停留18. 在湿地里

a great place to do sth.provide sth. for sb. provide sb. with sth.

the ideal home

different kinds ofall year aroundgo for a short stay

in the wetlands

19. 重要的生活区20. 给…腾出空间

21. 越来越少的空间22. 越来越多的鸟

23. 濒临灭绝的鸟类 24. 某一方面的变化

25. 进行鸟类数目的统计 26. 一年一次

27. 需要某人做某事 28. 理解…的重要性

an important living areamake space for

less and less spacemore and more birdsendangered birds

the changes indo a bird count

once a yearneed sb. to do sth.

understand the importance of

29. 跑出……30. 呼喊求救31. 找借口32. 一个接一个33. 到达的时间34. 一场车祸35. 变得更糟

run out of ……shout for helpmake excusesone by onetime of arrivala car accidentget worse

lose one’s life up to on one’s own at the beginning of any more

1. The baby panda drank her mother’s milk for _______ 14 hours a day.

2. Mothers can’t leave their babies _____________. It’s very dangerous.

3. The soldier __________ when he saved the boy in the river.

4. When the little girl saw her mother, she didn’t cry __________.

5. ________________ this English class, our teacher taught us an English song.

up to

on their ownlost his life

any moreAt the beginning of

take actions at a time keep passing interested in

1. Take 10 ml of this medicine __________.2. Our school football team ___________ the

ball to each other and won the match at last.

3. What sports are your classmates ___________?

4. Many countries are _____________ to save water.( 考前用书 P65 三 3)

at a timekept passing

interested intaking actions

1. We can see the snow on Fuji Mount _______________.( 考前用书 P69 五 5)

2. The little boy has _________ a handsome young man.( 考前用书 P65 三 4)3. We should ______________ those people in

need when we are on a bus.( 考前用书 P69 五 2)

4. The old lay is too old to __________ herself. ( 考前用书 P65 三 1)5. The colour blue can make you

___________.

all year round

grown into

make space for

look after

calm down

make space for grow into all year round calm down look after

重点句型1. 人们用虎骨制药 .

= People use tiger bones to make medicine.People make medicine from tiger bones.

= People make medicine out of tiger bones.用… .. 制作 use……to make….. make sth. out of …… make sth. from……用……去做某事 use…… to do sth. do sth. with sth.

e.g. They tried to open the door with a knife = They tried to use a knife to open the door.

2. 孩子们尖叫 , 因为他们害怕 .The children screamed because they were frightenedBecause the children were frightened, they screamed.The children screamed as they were frightened.As the children were frightened, they screamed.The children screamed since they were frightened.

Since the children were frightened, they screamed.

注意点 :1. 语气强弱弱 强 as since because

2. 三词在句首时 , 主句和从句之间用 , 隔开 .3. 针对用 why 提出的问题要用 because 来回答 .4. because 和 so 两者不可共用于一句中 . 但两者

引导的从句之间可以相互转化 . 改错 Because I got up late, so I was late

for school. ( 去掉 so )e.g. Because I got up late, I was late for school. = I got up late, so I was late for school.

Useful sentences1. Your food looks delicious.2. She started to go outside her home for the first

time.3. Sadly, it’s very difficult for giant pandas to

survive in the wild.4. We can take the following actions to protect

giant pandas.5. Make giant pandas reserves bigger.6. They look lovely on you. / you look lovely in them.7.It is one of the world’s most important wetlands.8. The area provides food and shelter for them. /The area provides them with food and shelter.

9. Some people want to change the wetlands to make more space for farms and buildings.10. We need more people to help us count and do something for the birds.11. They simply can’t wait for the party. (can’t wait to do sth.)12.At first, I felt a slight shaking through my body.13. They didn’t know where to go.14. A moment of fear went through my mind but I told myself to calm down since I was still alive.15. People were in a great hurry to move away the bricks and stones.16. It’ll be snowy and the temperature will drop to –5 ℃ .

17. Her school caught fire because lightning hit it.18. What happened to you?19. We lost our umbrella in the wind and I nearly fell over.30. We could do nothing but walk slowly in the storm.

三 . 词汇的表达与运用

1.The English teacher always _______ (advice) us to read English every day.( 考前用书 P65 一、 4)advise vt. advise sb. to do/not to do sth

advice n. give sb. some advice

advises

2. ________ (nature) disasters are very dangerous.( 考前用书 P67 一、 2)

Natural

nature n. nature reservesnatural adj. natural disasters

3. Thank you for your ________ (arrive).arrival

arrive vi. arrive at/in arrival n.

4. The ____ (lost) of living areas makes tigers nowhere to live.

loss

lose v. 丢失 lose—lost—lost lost adj. 遗失的

e.g. I ______ my wallet yesterday. Now, I have found my _____ wallet. (lose)

lostlost

v.

adj.

5. Some students still don’t know the___________ (important) of learning English. importance

6. When Xi Wang was born, she _________ (weigh) just 100 grams.The _________ of hers was 100 grams when she was born. (weigh)

weighed

weight

weigh vi. 重…… weigh-weighed-weighed vt. 称，称……的重量 e. g. Do you often weigh yourself?weight n. 重量 e.g. lose weight

7. 希望长成了一只年轻健康的大熊猫。Xi Wang ___________ a healthy young giant Panda.他长大后想当一名电脑程序员。He wants to be a computer programmer when he ____________.

grew into

grows up( ) 8. The area ___ food and shelter for them. A. gives B. offers C. provides D. passesC

提供 provide sth. for sb.= provide sb with sth.给 give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb.提供 offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb.

alone lonely

9. The old man lives ______ in a _____ house, but he never feels ______.

alone lonelylonely

alone adv. 单独的 作形容词时只可作表语 , 陈述一个客观事实lonely adj. 孤独的 , ( 主观上 ) 感到寂寞的 ,可作表语 . 作定语时 , 译为偏僻的 e.g. He is a ______ boy and he always feels

______ because he is the only child in his family and he is often _____ at home.

lonelylonely

alone

live living alive life

(1)I ____ in a wooden house with my parents.(2) I told myself to calm down since I was still ______.(3) This year’s Beijing Music Awards will be covered _______.(4) Their _______ areas are becoming

farmlands.(5) Thousands of people lost their _____ in

the earthquake.(6)They are talking about the _____ in the

British school.

live

alive

liveliving

lives

life

10.

live v. 居住 adv. 实况转播的living n. 生活，生存 作定语 e.g. living areas living room adj. 活着的 作定语 e.g. the greatest living English writer

alive adj. 活着的 , 活的 只作表语 e.g. be alivelife n. 生命 生活 e.g. live a happy life

lively adj. 活泼的 , 生气勃勃的

(1)Wolves are in _______ because people cut down forests. (dangerous)

(2) It’s very __________ to play football in the street. (dangerous)

(3) The Chinese government built a lot of reserves to protect these __________ birds.

danger

dangerous

endangered

danger n. 危险dangerous adj. 危险的 endangered adj. 濒于灭绝的 , ( 生命等 ) 有危险的

11

(4) Don’t get close to the tigers. They are very ____________.

(5) The rare red-crowned cranes are ___________, all the people should protect them.

(6) Shout for help when you are in ________.

dangerous

endangered

danger

save safe safely safety12.

(1) At last, I saw the bright daylight . I was ______.

(2) They were like old friends and we were always pleased when they landed _______.

(3) Finally, people moved away the bricks and stones and _______ him.

(4) Did you do anything about your own _______?

safe

safely

saved

safety

save vt. 储蓄 , 积攒 e.g. save money 救助 e.g. save on’e life 节约 e.g. save time safe adj. 安全的

safely adv. 安全地

safety n. 安全 安全的地方

13.Sadly, it is very difficult for giant pandas to __________ in the wild. (survive)

Only two people ____________ the fire. survive

survived

survive vi. 活下来 , 幸存 vt. 从……中逃生survivor n. 幸存者

There were only five __________ in the crash.( 考前用书 P67 一、 3)

survivors

14. 这个词是什么意思 ?

What’s the meaning of this word?=What does this word mean?=what do you mean by this word?It means ‘hope’.

mean v. 意思为……meaning n. 意义 ,含义

四 . 语法项目

1. If 引导的条件句If we grow more bamboo, giant pandas __________ (have) more food.If we don’t protect giant pandas, they _______(die).If I see a snake in front of me, I ________(run)the other way.If I go to North Africa, I ________ (see) a lot of camels.If I have time next weekend, I ________(go) to the zoo.

will have

will diewill run

will see

will go

If 引导的条件句表示将来可能发生的情况 , 即主句时态的发生有赖于条件分句的发生 .如果条件实现 , 主句内容便成为事实 ,如果条件不实现 ,结果也不会发生 . 一般来说 , 条件分句中的动词用一般现在时 , 主句中的动词用 will/shall+动词原形的一般将来时形式 .( 主将从现 )

If I go to Beijing Zoo, I ________ (learn) a lot about animals.

If I __________ (not arrive ) at noon, I __________(not see) the feeding of animals.

If he ______ (find) the Monkey Hill, he ________(have) fun there.

will learn

don’t arrivewon’t see

findswill have

If tigers are hungry, they ________ (attack) people.If giant pandas have no food, they ______ (die).If a polar bear is hungry, it _______ (catch) fish from the water.If elephants _____ (be) thirsty, they _______(walk) until they find a river.Some snakes _____ (spit) poison if you _____(step) on them.

attack

die

catches

arewalk

spitstep

当 If 引导的条件句表示重复性的 ¸ 可预见性的情况或习惯动作时 , 条件分句中的动词和主句中的动词都用一般现在时 .

Male wolves _______(protect) their families if there _____ (be) danger.If it __________ (rain) tomorrow, we _________(go) out for picnic.

protectis

doesn’t rainwill go

2. 用一般现在时 /现在进行时表示将来The show __________ (start) at 7.30 p.m.Our plane _________ (leave) at ten o’clock tonight.My cousin ________ (play) basketball for two hours every day.

startsleaves

plays

一般现在时可以用来表示 :(1) 客观的真理和习惯性的动作。(2) 表示按照时间表或日程一定会发生的将来的动作，常用于 go,come,leave, start,arrive,fly,move,be 和 return 等动词。

注意：在由 when,before,after,until,if,as soon as, 和 unless 等引导的时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时Please ask him to call me as soon as he ________ (arrive) in Beijing.We will start the meeting when the chairman_______ (come).We will wait here until the party ____ (be) over.The theatre will have to close unless the government _______(agree) to give extra money.

arrives

comesis

agrees

We __________(leave) his flat at 8 a.m.Who’s ________ (come) tonight?I am _______ (go) there by bus tomorrow.

are leaving

cominggoing

我们还可以用现在进行时表示将来，表示最近即将发生的动作或按计划、安排即将发生的动作。 (1)常用于表示位移的动词，如go,come,leave, start,arrive,fly,move,be和 return 等。 (2)也可用于其它动词。He is driving me to Beijing tomorrow.Mr. Wu is bringing sandwiches for everyone.

3. 方式副词She speaks _______ English. She speaks English ________. (fluent)He is always very ________ when he drives.He drives very ________.(careful)

fluentfluently

carefulcarefully

我们用方式副词来说明某事件或情景发生的方式或发生时的环境。

She ________ (dance) _________ (beautiful).dances beautifully

________ does she dance?How

我们用方式副词来回答以 how开头的特殊疑问句。

副词的构成1. 方式副词大多是由形容词 +ly构成的 , 因为本身就是 ( 以……的方式 ) 的意思 .

e.g. different bad close free clear bright dangerous slow careful correct neat nice soft generous quiet sad polite loud

differently badlyclosely freelyclearly brightly

dangerously slowlycarefully correctlyneatly nicely

softly generouslyquietly sadlypolitely loudly

2. 如果形容词以 -y结尾 , 变副词时要将 y 变为 i,再加上 -ly

e.g. angry happy heavy noisy easy lucky busy

angrily happilyheavilynoisilyeasilyluckilybusily

-y i + -ly

gentleterriblesimpleprobablepossible

gentlyterriblysimplyprobablypossibly

3. 以 le结尾的形容词 , 变副词时要 将 e 去掉 ,再加 -y

-le -e + y

fastearlylatestraighthard

fastearlylate

straighthard

4. 有些词的形容词与副词的形式是一样的 .

He is _____ (live), clever and outgoing.

Our neighbours are ______ (friend) and we are happy here.

lively

friendly

注意 :2. 并非以 -ly结尾的词都是副词

adj.

adj.

注意 : 1. true truly它的形容词变成副词时是去 e 再加 -ly

注意 : 3. 还有特殊的变形 ,如 :good well

My mother said,‘Wear your best clothes.’My mother advised me _______(wear) my best clothes.

Mr. Wu said, ‘Don’t run.’Mr. Wu warned us _________ (not run ).

to wear

not to run

当祈使句作宾语从句时 ,就变成不定式的形式 . 可表示命令 , 要求以及建议 .

其否定形式为 : 在不定式符号前加 not

He advised me ___________ (not forget) ______(lock) the door.

Mr. Wu ordered Simon _______ (close)the windows.

He told Daniel don’t to ride his bike.

not to forgetto lock

to close

don’t not

一些重要的搭配

肯定 否定tell sb. to do sth. tell sb. not to do sthask sb. to do sth. ask sb. not to do sth.advise sb. to do sth. advise sb. not to do sth.order sb. to do sth. order sb. not to do sth. warn sb. not to do sth.

五 . 书面表达

Unit 4

本单元话题介绍各种珍稀动物以及如何保护濒危动物

Task 1: Reading a report on giant pandas

Task 2: Discussing and writing a report on an endangered animal

写一篇关于一种濒危动物的报道

Title: _________ are in danger!

Paragraph 1 Appearance

Paragraph 2 Ability

Paragraph 3 CharacterParagraph 4 Dangers

Appearance※very big; Blue or grey body; small head and big mouth; have no teeth in the mouthAbility ※good at swimming and huntingCharacter※like to swim around the sea; often hurt people or small animalsFood※small fish; Shrimps; jellyfish; diatom; various kinds of plank tonic organismDangers※hunters hunt them for their meat , fur, fin, bones; no food to eat

Blue whales are in danger!Blue whales are the biggest animals in the world. Their bodies are blue or gray. Their backs have small light stripes. Their heads are small and flat. There are two spouts on the top of each head. Their mouths are big but there is no tooth in the mouths. They are 2400 to 3400 cm long and weigh about 150 million - 200 million grams, almost 2000-3000 people’s weight.Blue whales are good at swimming because they live in the sea. They are also good at hunting. They all like to swim around the sea.

They like to eat small fish, Shrimps and other things or animals in the sea.Sadly, lots of hunters kill the blue whales for their meat, fur, fins and bones. If hunters also hunt small fish, they will have no food to eat.

If we don’t take actions to protect them, they won’t survive in the world.

Unit 5

本单元话题介绍珍稀鸟类及自然保护区

Task 1: Completing an application form

Task 2: Writing a letter to support the application

BirdwatchingBirdwatching Club (Application form)

Name: Date of birth:Address:Telephone number:

E-mail address:School: Grade:

Favourite subjects:Clubs:Interests and hobbies:Pets:Activities to protect wildlife:Free time:

Zhao Aijia(Amy)

Room 402, 38 Hill Road, Sunshine Town, Beijing010-55586390

Beijing Sunshine Secondary School 8

Amy@Sunshinetown.com.cn

PE and Sciencemaybe Volleyball Club

volleyball, singing, dancing

from 4 p.m. to 5 p.m. on Sundays

the form of a letter address of the sender post code

DateNameTitleAddress of the receiverGreetingSubject

Main body

ClosingSignature

Paragraph 1. Purpose

Paragraph 2. Self-introductionParagraph 3. ReasonsParagraph 4. Activities to protect ______Paragraph 5. address

Purpose: I would like to be/become a member of the ______ club.Introduction

Reasons: I would like to be/become a ____ because ___________.I can come to club activities from _____ to _____ on______.Activities to protect _______:Address: I will be very happy if I can become a member of your club. You can call me on _______ or e-mail me at ______. (phone number) (e-mail address)

Application formName: Rui Dou Date of birth: 1991.8.14 Address: Room 702, Hehui Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu,China

Telephone number: 025-83477940 E-mail address: snow_dou@yahoo.com.cn. School: NO.50 Middle School Grade: 8 Favorite subjects: P.E. English Clubs: ／ Interests and hobbies: run, play table tennis, reading and take risks. Pets: I have no pets in my house. The reasons of joining the club: want to know more about the things in the nature and tell people more about them, do something exciting, study the nature Free time: every Sunday.

Dear Mr ZhouAPPLICATION TO JOIN THE RISK CLUBI read an article about the Adventure Club and I would like to become a member of the Adventure Club.I am a student at NO.50 Middle School and I am in Grade 8. My favorite subject is P.E. and I like English, too. I am very interested in running. I usually run twice a week. I also like reading and taking risks.I would like to become an adventurer because I like the forests and the nature. I like studying the nature and do something exciting very much. I think it is very important for me to know more about the things and the animals in the nature and tell people more about them. I can come to club activities on Sundays. I will be very happy if I can become a member of your club. You can call me on 025-83477940 or e-mail me at snow_dou@yahoo.com.cn.YoursRui Dou

Unit 6

本单元话题介绍各种天气状况及自然灾害

Task 1: Completing a flow chart and an article about a snowstorm

Task 2: Making notes and a flow chart; writing an article about a natural disaster

写一篇关于自然灾害的短文Choose a topic

What to talk about

introduction

during the ___

after the ___

facts about the ____Where were you ?What did you do?What did you hear?What did you see?What happened to you?How did you feel?

Where were you?What did you hear?What did you see?How did you feel?

Animals abnormality

At first, you can feel a slight shaking through your body. Then you can hear a noise like thunder and a real noise like bombs. Finally, the walls fall down.

Many buildings will fall down. A lot of streets will spilt open. Many people will die.

Thank You!