88106501 - IB Documents PAST PAPERS - SUBJECT... · 2019-11-07 · the average speed? Average velocity Average speed A. 10 m s–1 10 m s–1 B. 10 m s–1 16 m s–1 ... A gas atom

8810-6501 22 pages

N10/4/PHYSI/HPM/ENG/TZ0/XX

Monday 8 November 2010 (afternoon)

PHYSICSHIGHER LEVELPAPER 1

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

• Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so.• Answer all the questions.• For each question, choose the answer you consider to be the best and indicate your choice

on the answer sheet provided.

1 hour

© International Baccalaureate Organization 2010

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1. Whichofthefollowingisequivalenttothejoule?

A. Nm2

B. Nm–2

C. kgms–2

D. kgm2s–2

2. Twolengths,aandb,aremeasuredtobe51±1cmand49±1cmrespectively.Inwhichofthefollowingquantitiesisthepercentageuncertaintythelargest?

A. a+b

B. a–b

C. a b

D.ab

3. Anetforceofmagnitude4.0Nactsonabodyofmass3.0kgfor6.0s.Thebodyisinitiallyat rest.Whichof thefollowing is thespeedof thebodyafter the6.0s interval?

A. 0.50ms–1

B. 2.0ms–1

C. 4.5ms–1

D. 8.0ms–1

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4. AcarmovesfromXtoYalongasemicircularpath.Theradiusofthepathis250mandthetimetaken tocomplete the trip is50s.

250m

Whichofthefollowingcorrectlyshowsthemagnitudeoftheaveragevelocityandthemagnitudeoftheaveragespeed?

Average velocity Average speed

A. 10ms–1 10ms–1

B. 10ms–1 16ms–1

C. 16ms–1 10ms–1

D. 16ms–1 16ms–1

5. Aballistiedtoastringandrotatedatauniformspeedinaverticalplane.Thediagramshowstheballatitslowestposition.Whicharrowshowsthedirectionofthenetforceactingontheball?

A

B C

D

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6. Agasatomstrikesawallwithspeedvatanangleθtothenormaltothewall.Theatomreboundsat thesamespeedvandangleθ.

v

θ θ v

Whichofthefollowinggivesthemagnitudeofthemomentumchangeofthegasatom?

A. zero

B. 2mvsinθ

C. 2mv

D. 2mvcosθ

7. Twosteelballs,ofmassMand2M,fallatconstantspeedsinatubefilledwithoil.

Whichofthefollowingcorrectlycomparesthemagnitudesofthenetforceandofthedrag(resistance)forceonthetwoballs?

Net force Drag force

A. same same

B. same different

C. different same

D. different different

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8. Asystemconsistsofanicecubeplacedinacupofwater.Thesystemisthermallyinsulatedfromitssurroundings.Thewaterisoriginallyat20°C.WhichgraphbestshowsthevariationoftotalinternalenergyUofthesystemwithtimet?

A.U

0

B.U

00 t 0 t

C.U

0

D.U

00 t 0 t

9. Anicecubeandanicebergarebothatatemperatureof0°C. Whichofthefollowingisacorrectcomparisonoftheaveragerandomkineticenergyandthetotalkineticenergyofthemoleculesoftheicecubeandtheiceberg?

Average random kinetic energy Total kinetic energy

A. same same

B. same different

C. different same


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10. AnidealgasexpandsisothermallyfromastateXtoanewstateofvolumeV.TheworkdonebythegasisW.WhichofthefollowingiscorrectforanadiabaticexpansionofthegasfromstateXtoanewstateofvolumeV?

Change in internal energy Work done

A. ∆U > 0 greaterthanW

B. ∆U < 0 greaterthanW

C. ∆U > 0 lessthanW

D. ∆U < 0 lessthanW

11. ThegraphshowsthevariationwithabsolutetemperatureTofthepressurepofafixedmassofanidealgas.

p

00 T

Whichofthefollowingiscorrectconcerningthevolumeandthedensityofthegas?

Volume Density

A. constant constant

B. constant increasing

C. increasing constant

D. increasing increasing

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12. Whichofthefollowinggraphsshowsthevariationwithdisplacementxofthespeedvofaparticleperformingsimpleharmonicmotion.

A. v B. v

x x

C. v D. v

x x

13. A particle performs simple harmonic oscillations. Which of the following quantities will beunaffectedbya reduction in theamplitudeofoscillations?

A. Thetotalenergy

B. Themaximumspeed

C. Themaximumacceleration

D. Theperiod

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14. Monochromaticlighttravelsfromairintowater.Whichofthefollowingdescribesthechangesinwavelengthandspeed?

Wavelength Speed

A. increases decreases

B. increases increases

C. decreases increases

D. decreases decreases

15. Astandingwaveisestablishedinairinapipewithoneclosedandoneopenend.

X

TheairmoleculesnearXare

A. alwaysatthecentreofacompression.

B. alwaysatthecentreofararefaction.

C. sometimesatthecentreofacompressionandsometimesatthecentreofararefaction.

D. neveratthecentreofacompressionorararefaction.

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16. Intwoseparateexperimentsmonochromaticlightisincidentonasingleslit. Thediagramsshowthediffractionpatternsobtainedonascreenfar fromtheslit. In the topdiagramthewavelengthof light isλ1andtheslitwidthisb1. In thebottomdiagramthewavelengthof light isλ2andtheslitwidth isb2.

Ineachexperimentthedistancebetweentheslitandthescreenisthesame.Whichofthefollowingmaybededuced?

A.l l1

1

2

2b b<

B.l l1

1

2

2b b>

C. b b1 2<

D. l l1 2>

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17. Horizontallypolarizedlightistransmittedthroughapolarizerwhosetransmissionaxisishorizontal.Thelightentersacontainerwithasugarsolutionandisthenincidentonasecondpolarizerwhosetransmissionaxisisvertical.

transmissionaxis secondpolarizer

transmissionaxisfirstpolarizer

sugarsolution

When thesecondpolarizer is rotatedbyasmallangle,no light is transmitted through thesecondpolarizer.Theexplanationforthisobservationisthatthesugarsolution

A. causesdestructiveinterference.

B. rotatestheplaneofpolarizationoflight.

C. canonlytransmitverticallypolarizedlight.

D. refractslightsonolightisincidentonthesecondpolarizer.

18. Asourceofsoundapproachesastationaryobserver.Thespeedoftheemittedsoundanditswavelength,measuredatthesource,arevandλrespectively.Whichofthefollowingisthewavespeedandthewavelength,asmeasuredbythestationaryobserver?

Wave speed Wavelength

A. largerthanv largerthanλ

B. equaltov largerthanλ

C. equaltov lessthanλ

D. largerthanv lessthanλ

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19. Two resistors, made of the same material, are connected in series to a battery. The length ofresistorX is twice thatof resistorY,andXhas twice thecross-sectionalareaofY.

X Y

Whichofthefollowinggives resistance of X

resistance of Y?

A. 1

4

B. 1

2

C. 1

D. 4

20. ThecircuitshowsaresistorRconnectedinserieswithabatteryandaresistorofresistance10Ω.Theemfof thebattery is20Vandithasnegligible internal resistance. Thecurrent in thecircuitis1.0A.

R

1.0A

10Ω 20V

WhichofthefollowingistheresistanceofR?

A. 1.0Ω

B. 2.0Ω

C. 10Ω

D. 20Ω

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21. Anelectronentersthevacuumbetweentwooppositelychargedplateswithvelocityv.Theelectronisfollowedbyanalphaparticlemovingwiththesameinitialvelocityas theelectron. Auniformmagneticfieldisdirectedoutoftheplaneofthepaper.

alphaparticle

v electron v magneticfield outofplaneofpaper

Theelectron’spathisundeflected.Thepathofthealphaparticlewillbe

A. deflectedoutoftheplaneofthepaper.

B. undeflected.

C. deflectedupward.

D. deflecteddownward.

22. The mass of a planet is twice that of Earth. Its radius is half that of the radius of Earth.The gravitational field strength at the surface of Earth is g. The gravitational field strengthat the surface of the planet is

A. 12 ge.

B. g.

C. 2g.

D. 8g.

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23. The diagram shows the path of a projectile that is launched with velocity v. Air resistance isnegligible.

Asecondprojectilehasdoublethemassofthefirstprojectileandislaunchedwiththesamevelocity.Airresistanceisstillnegligible.Whichofthefollowingpathsbestrepresentsthepathoftheprojectile?(Theoriginalpathisshownasadottedline)

A. B.

C. D.

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24. Thediagramshowsequipotentiallinesduetotwoobjects.

Thetwoobjectscouldbe

A. electricchargesofthesamesignonly.

B. massesonly.

C. electricchargesofoppositesignonly.

D. massesorelectricchargesofanysign.

object2 object1

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25. Twopositiveandtwonegativepointchargesofequalmagnitudeareplacedattheverticesofasquareasshown.Theoriginoftheaxesisatthecentreofthesquare.

Q –Q

0 0

–Q Q

Theelectricpotentialiszero

A. attheoriginoftheaxesonly.

B. alongboththex-axisandthey-axis.

C. alongthey-axisonly.

D. alongthex-axisonly.

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Question26andQuestion27bothrefertothefollowing.

A rectangular loop of conducting wire rotates in a region of magnetic field. The graph shows thevariationwith time tof the inducedemf in the loopduringonecycle.

Xemf/V

15

10

5

0

–5

–10

–15

0Y

5 10 15 20 t/ms

26. Whichofthefollowinggivesthecorrecttimesatwhichthemagnitudeofthemagneticfluxlinkageandthemagnitudeofthecurrentinthelooparemaximum?

Flux linkage Current

A. Y Y

B. Y X

C. X Y

D. X X

27. The resistance of the coil is 5.0Ω. Which of the following is the average power dissipated intheloop?

A. 45

2W

B.45

2W

C. 45W

D. 45 2 W

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28. Aradioactiveisotopehasahalf-lifeoftwominutes.Asamplecontainssixteengramsoftheisotope.Howmuchtimeelapsesuntilonegramoftheisotoperemains?

A. 6minutes

B. 8minutes

C. 10minutes

D. 12minutes

29. TheGeiger–Marsdenexperimentprovidesevidencefor

A. theexistenceofdiscreteatomicenergylevels.

B. theexistenceoftheneutron.

C. adensepositivelychargednucleus.

D. thestabilityofsomenuclei.

30. Theradiiofnucleimaybedeterminedby

A. scatteringchargedparticlesoffthenuclei.

B. injectingthenucleiinamassspectrometer.

C. measuringthedeBrogliewavelengthofthenuclei.

D. observingthespectrumofthenuclei.

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31. Inthephotoelectriceffect,thefollowingobservationsmaybemade.

I. Thekineticenergyoftheemittedelectronsincreaseswithincreasinglightfrequency.

II. Theelectronsareemittedwithouttimedelay.

Whichoftheseobservations,ifany,canbeexplainedintermsofthewavetheoryoflight?

A. NeitherInorII

B. IandII

C. Ionly

D. IIonly

32. AprotonandanalphaparticlehavethesamedeBrogliewavelength.

Whichofthefollowingisapproximatelytheratiospeed of alpha particle

speed of proton?

A.1

4

B.1

2

C. 2

D. 4

33. The energies of alpha particles and of gamma-rays emitted in radioactive decay are discrete.Thisobservationisevidencefor

A. atomicenergylevels.

B. nuclearenergylevels.

C. nucleihavingmoreneutronsthanprotons.

D. theexistenceofisotopes.

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34. Thediagramsshowthevariationwithdistancexofthewavefunctionψoffourdifferentelectrons.Thescaleonthehorizontalaxisinallfourdiagramsisthesame.Forwhichelectronistheuncertaintyinthemomentumthelargest?

A. ψ

0 x

B. ψ

0 x

C. ψ

0 x

D. ψ

0 x

35. A wave generator produces a power per unit length of 4.0kWm–1 for waves of amplitude Aandspeedv.Theefficiencyofthegeneratorisconstant.Thepowerperunitlengthobtainedfromwavesof amplitude2A and speed2vwouldbe

A. 8.0kWm–1.

B. 16kWm–1.

C. 32kWm–1.

D. 64kWm–1.

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36. The diagram shows the variation with wavelength of the power per unit wavelength I radiatedfromanareaof1m2of twodifferentbodies.

I

00 wavelength

Which of the following is a correct comparison of the temperature and of the emissivity of thetwobodies?

Temperature Emissivity

A. same same

B. same different

C. different same


37. Whichofthefollowingstatements,relatingtotheproductionofnuclearpower,iscorrect?

A. Thefuelhashighenergydensity.

B. Suppliesofnuclearfuelsareunlimited.

C. Greenhousegasemissionsaresignificant.

D. Wasteproductsarenotsignificant.

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38. Thediagramshowsanenergybalanceclimatemodelforaplanet.

incomingintensityI

reflectedfromatmosphere0.25I

reflectedbyplanetsurface0.15I

radiatedbyplanetsurface0.60I

atmosphere

planetsurface

TheintensitiesofthereflectedandradiatedradiationaregivenintermsoftheincidentintensityI.Whichofthefollowingisthealbedoofthisplanet?

A. 0.15

B. 0.25

C. 0.40

D. 0.60

39. Data are stored on an audio compact disc (CD) at a rate of f samples per second. Each samplecontainsbbits.AtotalofNbitsarestoredontheCD.WhichofthefollowingistheplayingtimeoftheCDinseconds?

A.Nfb

B.Nbf

C.bNf

D.bfN

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40. LightincidentonthepixelofaCCDcauseselectricchargetocollectinthepixel.Theamountofchargecollectedinagiventimeisproportionaltowhichcharacteristicoftheincidentlight?

A. Thedegreeofpolarization

B. Theintensity

C. Thewavelength

D. Thefrequency