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04/21/23 1
RTV 322 CrewI. Above the line positions
II. Below the line positions
04/21/23 2
5 stages of moviemaking
Filmmaking vs. moviemaking Development Pre-production Production Post-Production Distribution and exhibition
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Development
Who can pitch, to whom do you pitch, optioning a script / step deal
The script is written and drafted into a workable blueprint for a film
Decisions made about stars (‘packaging’) and initial casting, location, budgets
Who is calling the shots?
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Pre-production
The production company is created and a production office established.
The production is storyboarded and visualized with the help of illustrators and concept artists.
A production budget is drawn up to plan expenditures for the film.
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Production
Actual shooting of the raw elements
Crew members sharing the ‘Director’s Vision’
Call sheets etc. made from the breakdown meeting
Studio stages, Locations, department heads, principle photgraphy, 2nd units
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Post-Production Transfer to digital, then editing Dialogue editing / including ADR Music tracks (and songs) composed,
performed, recorded Scenes are scored Sound effects are designed and
recorded Computer-graphic 'visual' effects are
digitally added, All sound elements are mixed into
"stems," then the stems are mixed, then married to picture
The film is fully completed ("locked")
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Once Locked...
The film is passed into the hands of the postproduction supervising sound editor to layer the sound track.
Voice recordings are synchronized The final sound mix is created by the re-
recording mixer. The sound mix combines dialogue,
sound effects, ADR, walla, Foleys and music.
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Sales and distribution
The film is screened for potential buyers (distributors)
It is picked up by a distributor and reaches its cinema and/or home media audience.
Promotion and marketing -- advertising, actor appearances, etc. $$$
‘Straight to DVD’ ?
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Major Positions
Above the line -- $$ Residuals / owners Producer, Director, Writer, Actors Producer
Hires a crew The nature of the film and the budget,
determine the size and type of crew used during filmmaking
Many Hollywood blockbusters employ a cast and crew of hundreds
A low-budget, independent film may be made by a skeleton crew of eight or nine (or fewer).
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Director Primarily responsible for the
storytelling, creative decisions and acting of the film.
Established versus emerging directors
Film school graduates Tomaric DP note
‘Author’ of a movie, while the Producer is ‘author’ of a TV show
‘Director’s cuts’ of movies
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Other major roles Line Producer: On the set
making sure everything stays on budget
Script superviser: watches for continuity issues—’are we following the script?’
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Famous TV Producers / Movie Directors Dick Clark, Gene Roddenberry,
Norman Lear, Aaron Spelling, Jerry Bruckheimer, Chuck Lorre, Dick Wolf, Marta Kauffman...
Steven Spielberg, Spike Lee, Oliver Stone, James Cameron, George Lucas, Ron Howard, Tim Burton, JJ Abrams...
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Other major roles Director of Photography (DP) The cinematographer who supervises
the photography of the entire film A chief over the camera and lighting
crews working on a film Responsible for achieving artistic and
technical decisions related to the image Some professionals insist that the term
cinematographer only applies when the director of photography and camera operator are the same person
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Unit Production Manager (UPM)
Responsible for watching all the costs--to deliver the project on budget at the end of principal photography.
Lead dept. managers, script breakdown. Producers responsible for cost-related
decisions on above-the-line (primarily, casting) issues; UPM responsible for below-the-line (primarily, production period) costs.
The film’s director has the final say on the cinematographer, costume designer, production designer, and film editor; UPM makes the deals and hires the remaining crew.
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Production Coordinator May be Line Producer. Serves under the UPM to
coordinate the various groups and personnel that come together to make a movie or TV show.
Requires organizational skills and the ability to handle a multitude of tasks simultaneously under often high-pressure situations.
Duties are often undefined and extremely varied ranging from office manager, to human resources, to controller, to accountant.
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Other major positions
Casting Director Location Manager Production Designer Sound Designer Art Director Editor
See textbook for others
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Getting started
Internships Part time jobs Texas Film Commission Texas Association of Broadcasters Mandy.com JournalismJobs.com
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Other production jobs
PA / runner / gopher Editor / assistant editor
No ‘fake it until you make it’
Master control operator Freeland videographer Independent filmmaker
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Other production jobs
Wedding videographerDustin Stelly
Video depositions, others on course outline…