82180 Module p3 Forces for Transport Scheme of Work and Lesson Plan

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    GATEWAY SCIENCE SUITE

    SCHEMES OF WORKAND LESSON PLANS

    P3: Forces For TransportVERSION 1 AUGUST 2011

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    Sa2p1e Sc-e2e o( Wor*CSE *ate+a, Scence P-,scs . /'0)

    Modu1e P3: Forces (or TransportTopc: P3a Speed

    Su&&ested Teac-n& T2e: ' Hours

    Toic o$tline S$%%ested teachin% and ho!e#or' activities S$%%ested reso$rces )oints to note

    Calc$latin% Seeds

    Avera%e seed

    Instantaneo$s seed

    Seed ca!eras

    Sho# $ils a series o" ict$res o" !ovin% o,ects

    s$ch as cars/ shis and ani!als and as' $ils to

    s$%%est a !a.i!$! seed "or each&

    As' $ils to %ive so!e $nits that #e !eas$re

    seed in& Thro$%h disc$ssion esta,lish that these

    relate to the e3$ation4 avera%e seed 5 distance 6

    ti!e&

    As' $ils to s$%%est so!e other $nits s$ita,le "or

    seeds e&%& s$ita,le $nit "or a snail&

    7o so!e ractice calc$lations&

    eas$re the avera%e seed o" to+ cars r$nnin%

    do#n a ra! #ith $ils !eas$rin% distance and

    ti!e and calc$latin% the avera%e seed or $sin%

    data8lo%%ers #ith li%ht %ates&

    7e!o a to+ car on a ra! "indin% the avera%e seed

    $sin% !eas$re!ents and $sin% a data8lo%%er9li%ht

    %ate set$ to "ind the "inal seed& Use the

    di""erences in these t#o "i%$res to disc$ss avera%e

    and instantaneo$s seeds&

    Sho# ict$res o" seed ca!era road !ar'in%s and

    e.lain ho# a GATSO seed ca!era #or's& Ta'e

    $ils thro$%h so!e e.a!le calc$lations&

    )ict$res o" !ovin% o,ects

    To+ cars

    Ra!s

    Sto#atches

    etre r$le9!eas$rin% taes

    Calc$lators

    7ata8lo%%ers9li%ht %ates

    )ict$res o" seed ca!eras and associated road

    !ar'in%s

    )$ils sho$ld have covered ho# to

    calc$late seeds at :S;& I" $ils are

    sec$re in their 'no#led%e the #or' on

    velocit+ "ro! );, co$ld ,e covered in this

    lesson&

    (in's to );,/ );c/ )

    ! OCR "#$%Pa&e 3 o( ') *CSE *ate+a, Scence P-,scs . /'0) Modu1e P3: Forces (or Transport

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    Toic o$tline S$%%ested teachin% and ho!e#or' activities S$%%ested reso$rces )oints to note

    7isc$ss driver ,ehavio$r that $ils have noticed at

    GATSO installations& Use this to lead into the

    avera%e seed ca!eras =S)ECS> and disc$ss ho#

    these #or'&

    As a lenar+9assess!ent %ive $ils a n$!,er and

    as' the! to s$l+ a 3$estion involvin% the "or!$la

    "or seed that #o$ld %ive that ans#er& )$ils can

    then test their eers #ith their 3$estions&

    S)ECS $se a$to!ated n$!,er late

    reco%nition& A car is identi"ied #hen

    enterin% and leavin% a section o" road&

    The avera%e seed can then ,e

    calc$lated&

    ?$nda!ental Scienti"ic )rocesses =?S)>

    * 7isc$ssion on seed ca!eras can

    incl$de e""ects o" seed ca!eras on

    di""erent %ro$s o" eole&

    7istance8 ti!e %rahs I" availa,le set $ a data8lo%%er and osit ion sensor

    and roect the o$t$t& @ave a $il !ove ,ac'#ard

    and "or#ard in "ront o" the osition sensor& A

    distance8 ti!e %rah #ill then ,e roected on the

    screen& 7isc$ss #hat is ,ein% sho#n and ho# a

    si!ilar %rah co$ld ,e constr$cted !an$all+& I" this

    e3$i!ent is not availa,le a si!ilar e.ercise co$ld

    ta'e lace #ith the teacher s'etchin% the %rah on

    the ,oard as the $il !oved&

    Ta'e $ils to a s$ita,le area/ re"era,l+ o$tside or a

    lar%e interior sace& eas$re o$t set distances o"

    10! and lace 28; $ils #ith a sto#atch at each

    station& @ave a $il r$n alon% the line o" stations&

    The ti!ers record the ti!e ta'en "or the r$nner to

    ass the!& This can ,e reeated #ith so!eone

    #al'in%&

    Collate and ta,$late the res$lts& Enco$ra%e $ils

    to !a'e redictions as atterns in the ti!es develo&

    This can hel $ils relate atterns in ti!es #ith

    seed&)$ils co$ld #or' o$t the avera%e seed o" erson&

    )$ils constr$ct a distance8 ti!e %rah #ith !$ltile

    lines on the sa!e a.is& Co!are the lines and

    ded$ce that the "aster the !ove!ent the steeer the

    line&

    7ata8lo%%er9osition sensor

    )C9roector

    Tr$ndle #heel 9 lon% tae

    Set o" sto #atches

    Calc$lators

    R$lers

    Grah aer

    7istances $sed in the ractical #ill

    deend on the sace availa,le&

    I" $ils are r$nnin% o$tside a s$ita,le

    sa"e area #ill ,e needed and $ils !a+

    need to chan%e their "oot#ear&

    The n$!,er o" $ils ,ein% ti!ed can ,e

    varied accordin% to the ti!e availa,le&

    I" ti!e allo#s $ils can sto at vario$s

    oints and this can ,e $sed to "$rther

    $nderstandin% o" the shae o" the

    distance8 ti!e %rah that res$lts&

    It !a+ ,e necessar+ to s$l+ so!e

    $ils #ith a re8dra#n set o" a.es&

    On a distance8ti!e %rah the %radient is

    distance travelled 6 ti!e ta'en #hich is

    seed&

    Acceleration res$lts in a line o" increasin%

    %radient

    7eceleration res$lts in a line o"

    decreasin% %radientReverse !otion res$lts in a line o"

    ne%ative %radient * the line %oes do#n&

    Stationar+ o,ects have horiontal lines&

    ?S) 8$se o" data

    Toic o$tline S$%%ested teachin% and ho!e#or' activities S$%%ested reso$rces )oints to note

    Sho# ho# $ils can calc$late seed "ro! a

    ! OCR "#$%Pa&e 4 o( ') *CSE *ate+a, Scence P-,scs . /'0) Modu1e P3: Forces (or Transport

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    Topc: P35 C-an&n& speed

    Su&&ested Teac-n& T2e: ' Hours

    Toic o$tline S$%%ested teachin% and ho!e#or' activities S$%%ested reso$rces )oints to note

    Acceleration

    Velocit+

    Reca acceleration and deceleration on a distance8

    ti!e %rah and thro$%h disc$ssion introd$ce the

    idea o" chan%es in seed over di""erent ti!es leadin%

    to the e3$ation4

    acceleration 5 chan%e in seed 6 ti!e/

    a+in% attention to the $nits involved& Brin% o$t the

    oint that deceleration is ne%ative acceleration&

    Either de!onstrate or carr+ o$t a class ractical #ith

    a trolle+ rollin% do#n a ra! #ith a data8lo%%er and

    li%ht %ates to !eas$re acceleration&

    Carr+ o$t so!e ractice 3$estions& With chan%es o"

    s$,ect "or hi%her aer $ils&

    7isc$s ho# the acceleration o" road cars is

    indicated& Sho# that the data still has a chan%e in

    seed divided ,+ a ti!e& )$ils co$ld ,e as'ed to

    convert so!e 080 ti!es in to !9s2

    Sho# $ils t#o distance8ti!e %rahs that indicate

    the sa!e seed/ ,$t #ith one sho#in% "or#ard

    !otion and one sho#in% ,ac'#ard !otion& As' the!

    to "ind one si!ilarit+ and one di""erence ,et#een the

    !otions sho#n& Use this to introd$ce the idea o"

    velocit+ as ,ein% a seed and a direction&

    Give $ils so!e e.a!les to calc$late relative

    velocities&

    As a lenar+ sin a !ass on a strin% at a constant

    seed and as' $ils #h+ the velocit+ is chan%in%&As' the! i" it is acceleratin%& Si!ilar real8li"e

    e.a!les s$ch as c+clists %oin% aro$nd a velodro!e

    co$ld ,e disc$ssed&

    7ata8lo%%ers9li%ht %ates9ra!s9trolle+s

    Calc$lators

    )re8dra#n distance9ti!e %rahs sho#in% "or#ard and

    reverse !otion&

    S!all !ass sec$rel+ attached to strin%

    (in's to );a/ );c/ )

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    Toic o$tline S$%%ested teachin% and ho!e#or' activities S$%%ested reso$rces )oints to note

    Seed 8ti!e Grahs

    F$alitativel+

    I" availa,le $se a data lo%%er and osition sensor

    and connect it to a )C and roect the a.es "or a

    distance ti!e %rah& 7ra# a line on the a.es and

    invite a $il to !ove so as to dra# lot that "ollo#s

    the line&

    Alternativel+ sho# $ils a si!le distance8 ti!e

    %rah and as' the! #hat it sho#s& Then chan%e the

    distance a.is to seed and as' the! a%ain& Use this

    to introd$ce the idea o" seed8ti!e %rahs&

    Sho# $ils a series o" si!le seed8ti!e %rahs

    and disc$ss 3$alitativel+ #hat the+ indicate& Then

    co!,ine these into !ore co!le. sit$ations sho#in%

    si!le o$rne+s& As' $ils to descri,e a stor+ to "it

    the %rah&

    7isc$ss and sho# ho# the sa!e ,asic !otion loo's

    ver+ di""erent on seed8ti!e %rahs co!ared to

    distance8ti!e %rahs&

    )$ils co$ld rod$ce a oster or co!$terresentation that descri,es ,oth seed8ti!e %rahs

    and distance8ti!e %rahs&

    To chec' $nderstandin% roect9sho# a series o"

    si!le !otion %rahs #itho$t a.es la,els to%ether

    #ith a descrition o" the !otion sho#n& )$ils !$st

    indicate #hich t+e o" %rah it is&

    7ata8 lo%%er9osit ion sensor9)C9roector Teachers !a+ decide that it is ossi,le to

    co!,ine ,oth the seed8ti!e %rah

    lessons into one accordin% to the a,ilit+ o"

    their $ils&

    It sho$ld ,e stressed to $ils the

    i!ortance o" chec'in% #hich t+e o"

    %rah is sho#n in an+ sit$ation #here

    the+ need to anal+se %rahs o" !otion&

    @oriontal line * constant seed

    )ositive %radient * acceleration

    Ne%ative %radient * deceleration

    Non8horiontal strai%ht line constant

    acceleration9deceleration&

    ?S)* $sin% !odels&

    ! OCR "#$%Pa&e 6 o( ') *CSE *ate+a, Scence P-,scs . /'0) Modu1e P3: Forces (or Transport

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    Topc: P3c Forces and 2oton

    Su&&ested Teac-n& T2e: 3 Hours

    Toic o$tline S$%%ested teachin% and ho!e#or' activities S$%%ested reso$rces )oints to note

    Res$ltant "orces Sho# $ils a ict$re or short video cli o" a t$% o"

    #ar and as' the! #hat is haenin% in ter!s o"

    "orces&

    As' $ils ho# to descri,e a "orce& Esta,lish that

    re%ardless o" the t+e o" "orce #e need to 'no# the

    !a%nit$de o" the "orce in ne#tons and its direction&

    Co!are this #ith velocit+ and introd$ce the ter!

    vector&

    Revise the idea o" res$ltant "orces and chec' that

    $ils can #or' these o$t/ and $se ter!s s$ch as

    ,alanced- and $n,alanced- correctl+ #hen related to

    arallel and anti8arallel "orces onl+&

    Give $ils a h+othesis s$ch as the %reater the

    res$ltant "orce actin% on an o,ect s$ch as a ro#,oat

    the %reater the acceleration-& Sho# $ils aselection o" availa,le e3$i!ent and as' the! in

    %ro$s to lan a s$ita,le e.eri!ent to test this

    h+othesis& )a+in% attention to the reeata,ilit+ o"

    their res$lts ossi,l+ ,$ildin% on the !ethod $sed is

    ;,&

    As' %ro$s to o$tline their lan to the rest o" the

    class and invite co!!ents and constr$ctive criticis!&

    )ict$re9video cli o" a t$% o" #ar %a!e&

    Trolle+s

    Bench end $lle+s10% slotted !asses

    Elastics

    Sto #atch lon% r$ler

    7ata8lo%%er #ith li%ht %ates !ethod o" $se e.lained in

    ;,&

    (in's to );a/ );,/ );d/ );e/ );"/ )

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    Toic o$tline S$%%ested teachin% and ho!e#or' activities S$%%ested reso$rces )oints to note

    ?orces and acceleration Reca the h+othesis "ro! the revio$s lesson&

    E.lain that the $ils #ill ,e %iven an e.eri!ental

    !ethod to "ollo#&

    ethod $sed to ,e descri,ed to $ils e&%& $se

    slotted !asses han%in% over a ,ench end $lle+ and

    attached ,+ strin% to a trolle+& The+ !a'e s$ita,le

    !eas$re!ents to "ind the acceleration o" the trolle+

    as the !asses descend&

    )$ils sho$ld then increase the n$!,er o" !asses&

    The+ sho$ld ,e enco$ra%ed to reeat each

    !eas$re!ent a !ini!$! o" ; ti!es and calc$late

    the !ean&

    )$ils then lot "orce =n$!,er o" #ei%hts> a%ainst

    the !ean acceleration&

    )$ils then reeat the e.eri!ent #ith a !ass on

    the trolle+

    The %rahs sho$ld sho# a strai%ht line o" ositive

    %radient& 7isc$ss this and esta,lish thatacceleration is directl+ roortional to the res$ltant

    "orce and that increasin% the !ass red$ces the

    acceleration& This co$ld also ,e done ,+ insectin%

    ra# data leadin% to " 5 !a&

    Introd$ce the e3$ation4 "orce 5 !ass . acceleration

    and %ive the $ils so!e ractice e.a!les&

    As a lenar+ chec' $nderstandin% #ith so!e 3$ic'

    "ire 3$estions testin% ,oth 3$alitative and

    3$antitative $nderstandin%&

    Trolle+s

    Bench end $lle+s

    10% slotted !asses or elastics

    Sto #atch lon% r$ler or data8lo%%er #ith li%ht %ates

    Calc$lators

    This "ollo#s "ro! the revio$sl+ lesson/

    ,$t $ils are %iven the !ethod the+ #ill

    $se& The act$al !ethod #ill deend $on

    the aarat$s availa,le and teacher

    re"erence&

    The calc$lation o" acceleration can ,e

    si!li"ied accordin% to the a,ilit+ o" the

    $ils&

    (i%ht %ates and a data lo%%er can ,e set

    $ to %ive the acceleration strai%hta#a+&

    I" $ils are !eas$rin% a distance

    travelled and ti!e ta'en the acceleration

    is %iven ,+ 2.d9t2ass$!in% $ni"or!

    acceleration&

    This lesson %ives a %ood oort$nit+ to

    develo the anal+tical s'ills that $ils #ill

    need "or the Controlled Assess!ents art

    o" the 3$ali"ication&Note #ith the e3$ation "5!a hi%her tier

    $ils #ill ,e re3$ired to chan%e the

    s$,ect&

    ?S) * data rocessin%

    ! OCR "#$%Pa&e #% o( ') *CSE *ate+a, Scence P-,scs . /'0) Modu1e P3: Forces (or Transport

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    Toic o$tline S$%%ested teachin% and ho!e#or' activities S$%%ested reso$rces )oints to note

    Stoin% distances As' $ils "or a list o" thin%s that +o$ are ,anned

    "ro! doin% #hile and ,e"ore drivin%& The ans#ers

    are li'el+ to involve !o,iles and alcohol9dr$%s&

    7isc$ss #h+ these thin%s are ,anned&

    As a de!o or a class activit+ $se a droed r$ler to

    test $il reaction ti!e& It sho$ld ,e reeated #hen

    the $il is distracted&

    7isc$ss the de"inition o" stoin% distance/ thin'in%

    distance and ,ra'in% distance and the "actors that

    a""ect the!&

    Sho# $ils charts o" stoin% distance slit into

    thin'in% and ,ra'in% distance and as' the! to

    descri,e ho# each chan%es #ith seed&

    )$ils co$ld rod$ce a disla+ oster or in"or!ation

    lea"let on stoin% distances and the "actors that

    a""ect the!&

    )$ils co$ld carr+ o$t an e.eri!ent to !eas$re the

    stoin% distance o" a to+ car r$nnin% do#n a ra!onto di""erent s$r"aces& The s$r"aces co$ld ,e

    chan%ed e&%& di""erent %rades o" sandaer or the

    seed o" the car co$ld ,e chan%ed ,+ alterin% the

    distance $ the ra! the car is released "ro! ra!&

    htt499ta&io&or%9!echanics9#e9219"ileHDD0&d"

    has a seed and ,ra'in% distance e.eri!ent&

    R$lers

    Sto #atches

    @i%h#a+ code ,oo's

    To+ cars

    Ra!s

    7i""erent %rade sandaer

    As $ils are at an a%e #here the+ #ill

    soon ,e thin'in% o" startin% to drive/

    lin'in% the lesson to the theor+ drivin% test

    o"ten !a'es the lesson content ver+

    relevant "or the!&

    ?S) * E""ects o" scienti"ic develo!ents

    co$ld ,e covered #hen disc$ssin% $ses

    o" !o,ile hones #hen drivin%&

    The droed r$ler e.eri!ent is o"ten

    $sed in ,iolo%+ lesson to !eas$re

    reaction ti!e&

    The reasons #h+ do$,lin% seed

    3$adr$les ,ra'in% distance is covered in

    );e&

    ! OCR "#$%Pa&e ## o( ') *CSE *ate+a, Scence P-,scs . /'0) Modu1e P3: Forces (or Transport

    http://tap.iop.org/mechanics/wep/216/file_46407.pdfhttp://tap.iop.org/mechanics/wep/216/file_46407.pdf
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    Topc: P3d Wor and po+er

    Su&&ested Teac-n& T2e: ' Hours

    Toic o$tline S$%%ested teachin% and ho!e#or' activities S$%%ested reso$rces )oints to note

    Wor' done As' $ils to %ive their !eanin% o" the #ord #or'&

    7isc$ss their ideas&

    Sho# $ils a series o" ict$res o" !ovin% o,ects

    to%ether #ith eole doin% a variet+ o" #or'& As'

    the! to identi"+ in #hich ict$res the+ thin' #or' is

    ,ein% done&

    Use the $il resonses to the ict$res to introd$ce

    the idea that #or' involves a trans"er o" ener%+ and

    that !echanical #or' is done #hen a "orce !oves&

    Give $ils the e3$ation4 #or' done 5 "orce .

    distance& Statin% the $nits involved&

    As' $ils #hat "orces #or' can ,e done a%ainst&

    Use ans#er %ravit+- to e.lore the relationshi

    ,et#een #ei%ht and !ass& Usin% a vol$nteer to

    !eas$re !ass and #ei%ht on the ,athroo! scales&As' a vol$nteer to cli!, onto an o,ect& a'e

    s$ita,le !eas$re!ents to calc$late the #or' done&

    Esta,lish that #or' is ,ein% done a%ainst %ravit+

    7e!onstrate $llin% a heav+ e3$i!ent trolle+

    across the roo!& As' $ils #hat !eas$re!ents

    #o$ld ,e re3$ired to "ind o$t the #or' done& Reeat

    !a'in% s$ita,le !eas$re!ents and calc$late the

    #or' done& Esta,lish that #or' is ,ein% done

    a%ainst "riction&

    S$ita,le ict$res o" #or' ,ein% done

    E3$i!ent trolle+

    Ne#ton ,athroo! scales

    :ilo%ra! ,athroo! scales

    (ar%e ne#ton !eter

    (on% tae !eas$re

    S!all ever+da+ o,ects #ith strin% attached

    S!all ne#ton !eters

    (in's to );a/ );c/ );e/ );"/ )

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    Toic o$tline S$%%ested teachin% and ho!e#or' activities S$%%ested reso$rces )oints to note

    )$ils co$ld carr+ o$t a ractical "indin% the #or'

    done in a n$!,er o" si!le activities involvin%

    dra%%in% or li"tin% a variet+ o" ever+da+ o,ects&

    As a ossi,le e.tension/ $ils co$ld carr+ o$t a

    ractical calc$latin% the e""ort $sed to dra% a !ass

    $ sloes o" di""erin% steeness& ?indin% the #or'

    done to si!l+ li"t the !ass #o$ld allo# co!arisons

    o" the di""erin% e""iciencies to ,e !ade&

    )$ils %iven so!e ractice e.a! t+e 3$estions

    )o#er develoed As a de!onstration dra% a heav+ e3$i!ent trolle+

    across the roo!& Reeat this at a "aster seed and

    as' $ils #hich one involved the !ost #or'&

    Calc$late the #or' done each ti!e to distil an+

    !isconcetions and introd$ce the concet o" o#er

    as the rate o" doin% #or'&

    )$ils !eas$re their ersonal o#er ,+ li"tin% 'no#n

    #ei%hts/ or their ,od+ #ei%ht $ a 'no#n distance

    s$ch as a "li%ht o" stairs&

    )$ils ractice 3$estions on o#er and #or' and in

    artic$lar hi%her tier $ils sho$ld ,e %iven the

    oort$nit+ to ans#er 3$estions that connect #or'/

    o#er/ "orces/ seeds and accelerations&

    @i%her tier $ils need ,e a,le to derive the

    e3$ation4 o#er 5 "orce . seed

    As a lenar+ $ils co$ld ,e as'ed to #rite a

    ara%rah incl$din% the 'e+ #ords o" this toic&

    These co$ld then ,e shared and disc$ssed&

    E3$i!ent trolle+

    (ar%e ne#ton !eter

    Ne#ton scales

    (on% tae !eas$re

    (in's to );a/ );c/ );e/ );"/ )

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    Topc: P3e Ener&, on t-e 2o9e

    Su&&ested Teac-n& T2e: 3 Hours

    Toic o$tline S$%%ested teachin% and ho!e#or' activities S$%%ested reso$rces )oints to note

    :inetic ener%+ Sho# a video cli o" a car crash test at di""erent

    seeds and as' $ils a,o$t di""erences& Use this to

    introd$ce the e3$ation "or :E&

    Sho# ho# to calc$late :E&

    )$ils co$ld then calc$late :E o" vario$s o,ects "or

    e.a!le the+ co$ld calc$late the :E o" vario$s cars

    "ro! data on their to seed and !ass&

    ?or hi%her tier $ils revisit the #or' on stoin%

    distance and e.lore the relationshi ,et#een

    seed/ :E and ,ra'in% distance&

    ?or hi%her tier $ils sho# ho# to chan%e the

    s$,ect o" the :E e3$ation& Visit a%ain once the

    e3$ation "or G)E is introd$ced&

    @i%her tier $il co$ld carr+ o$t so!e ractice

    3$estions develoin% their a,ilit+ to chan%e thes$,ect& B$t this co$ld ,e le"t $ntil G)E is covered&

    Calc$lators

    Crash test videos

    @i%h#a+ code ,oo's

    Charts o" stoin% distance at di""erent seeds

    7ata o" car !ass and to seed

    At :S; $ils #ill have ,een introd$ced to

    'inetic 9!ove!ent ener%+ in a

    3$alitativel+ #a+&

    (in's to );c/ );"/ );h

    @i%her tier $ils #ill re3$ire considera,l+

    lon%er coverin% the asects o" :E in the

    detail re3$ired& 7$e to this "o$ndation

    $ils !a+ #ell ,e a,le to ,e%in the "$el

    so$rces and cons$!tion asect o" the

    toic d$rin% the "irst lesson&

    ?$el so$rces Sho# an advert "or an electric car and $se this as a

    "oc$s "or disc$ssion& As' $ils "or a stra# oll o"

    #hose "a!il+ has etrol or diesel vehicle&

    )$ils can carr+ o$t research on the ho# electric

    cars #or' and the ro,le!s associated #ith the!&

    ?oc$ssin% on ho# the ,atteries are rechar%ed&

    )$ils co$ld research to rod$ce an ener%+ "lo#

    dia%ra! "or "ossil "$el cars and electric cars startin%

    #ith the s$n in each case& The+ co$ld incl$de

    oll$tion ca$se at aroriate sta%es&)$ils co$ld rod$ce a disla+ oster o" di""erent

    #a+s o" "$ellin% cars %ive advanta%es and

    disadvanta%es o" each&

    Co!$ters #ith internet access

    )oster !aterial

    (in's to )2a/ );d

    ?S) * Ris's o" technolo%ical advances

    ?S) * Ar%$!ents "or and a%ainst

    scienti"ic advance!ent

    When carr+in% o$t research $ils sho$ld

    ,e enco$ra%ed to re"erence an+ so$rces

    the+ have $sed as this #ill develo s'ills

    that $ils #ill need "or the Controlled

    Assess!ents art o" the 3$ali"ication&

    ! OCR "#$%Pa&e #4 o( ') *CSE *ate+a, Scence P-,scs . /'0) Modu1e P3: Forces (or Transport

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    Toic o$tline S$%%ested teachin% and ho!e#or' activities S$%%ested reso$rces )oints to note

    As lenar+ e.a!ine the #or' and allo# $ils to

    eer assess and disc$ss #hat the+ have "o$nd o$t&

    ?or e.a!le $ils co$ld ,e as'ed to #rite a Jt#eetK

    on the s$,ect&

    ?$el cons$!tion 7isc$ss the rice o" "$el as an introd$ction&

    Give $ils data o" car o#ers and avera%e "$el

    cons$!tion& 7isc$ss di""erent #a+s that "$el

    cons$!tion can ,e !eas$red& As' $ils to

    identi"+ an+ trends in the data and $se this to

    develo the idea that in %eneral the %reater the

    o#er o" a car/ the hi%her its "$el cons$!tion&

    )$ils co$ld rod$ce a oster or co!$ter

    resentation enco$ra%in% ,ehavio$r to red$ce "$el

    cons$!tion&

    )$ils co$ld ,e %iven a ran%e o" data on cars

    incl$din% !ass/ to seed/ CO2e!issions/ o#er/

    and "$el cons$!tion& The+ can then rocess the

    data to "ind trends that lin' to "$el cons$!tion&

    The+ can then e.lain to the rest o" the class the

    trends the+ "o$nd and ho# the+ identi"ied the!&

    Co!$ters #ith internet access

    ?i%$res "or cars sho#in% en%ine sie/ o#er/ to seed

    and "$el cons$!tion&

    )oster !aterials

    Calc$lators

    (in's to )2a/ );d

    ?S) * Ris's o" technolo%ical advances

    ?S) * Ar%$!ents "or and a%ainst

    scienti"ic advance!ent

    ?S) * 7ata rocessin%

    The relia,ilit+ o" car !an$"act$res "$el

    cons$!tion "i%$res co$ld ,e disc$ssed&

    ! OCR "#$%Pa&e #) o( ') *CSE *ate+a, Scence P-,scs . /'0) Modu1e P3: Forces (or Transport

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    Topc: P3( Cru2p1e ones

    Su&&ested Teac-n& T2e: 3 Hours

    Toic o$tline S$%%ested teachin% and ho!e#or' activities S$%%ested reso$rces )oints to note

    o!ent$! Sho# video clis o" car crash tests& As' $ils "or

    their o,servations& Thro$%h disc$ssion esta,lish

    that there is a chan%e o" seed or velocit+&

    Introd$ce the concet o" !o!ent$! and %ive $ilsthe e3$ation4 !o!ent$! 5 !ass . velocit+&

    Give $ils so!e oort$nit+ to ractice $sin% the

    e3$ation&

    Go ,ac' to the crash videos and as' $ils #hat

    haens to the !o!ent$!/ esta,lishin% in a crash

    there is a s$dden chan%e in !o!ent$!& As' $ils

    #hat ca$ses this esta,lishin% that a "orce is

    resonsi,le&

    ?o$ndation tier $ils can no# ,e %iven the

    e3$ation4 "orce 5 chan%e in !o!ent$!9 ti!e/ hi%her

    tier $ils co$ld #or' "ro! the second la# e.ressedin ter!s o" rate o" chan%e o" !o!ent$! to ?5!a

    once lin' ,et#een !o!ent$! chan%e and "orce is

    esta,lished&

    All $ils sho$ld ,e %iven an oort$nit+ to ractice

    $sin% the e3$ation&

    A%ain %o ,ac' to the crash videos and as' a,o$t

    ho# the vario$s sa"et+ "eat$res #or'& E.lain ho#

    the ti!e "or the occ$ants to sto is red$ced/ hence

    the "orce is s!aller and the ris' o" in$r+ is also

    red$ced&

    Crash test video clis sho#in% the oeration o" cr$!le

    one/ seat ,elts and air ,a%s&

    Calc$lators

    (in's #ith );c/ )

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    Toic o$tline S$%%ested teachin% and ho!e#or' activities S$%%ested reso$rces )oints to note

    Car sa"et+ Sho# a video cli o" an old car& As' $ils a,o$t the

    sa"et+ "eat$res on it& Esta,lish that there #ere ver+

    "e#& Co!are this to the ener%+ "eat$res o" a

    !odern car&

    7isc$ss sa"et+ "eat$res in ter!s o" ener%+ trans"er

    as an alternative e.lanation to the ideas o" "orces

    develoed in the last lesson&

    Use the internet to research seci"ic !odern car

    sa"et+ "eat$res s$ch as air ,a%s/ cr$!le ones/

    sa"et+ ca%es seat ,elts and ABS/ incl$din% #hen

    the+ #ere introd$ced and ho# the+ #or'&

    Use the internet to research ho# car sa"et+ is

    !eas$red and co!ared&

    @i%her tier $ils sho$ld also "ind o$t ho# ABS

    #or's&

    As a lenar+/ %ive $ils a list o" sa"et+ "eat$res and

    as' the! to ran' sa"et+ "eat$res in order o"

    e""ectiveness& 7isc$ss this #ith the class&

    Video cli o" an old car

    Co!$ters #ith internet access

    )oster !aterial

    (in's #ith );c/ )

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    Toic o$tline S$%%ested teachin% and ho!e#or' activities S$%%ested reso$rces )oints to note

    odellin% car sa"et+ 7isc$ss the car sa"et+ "eat$res covered in the

    revio$s lesson& As' $ils ho# the+ co$ld carr+ o$t

    their o#n crash test d$!!+ e.eri!ent&

    Give $ils 1 c$ and so!e !aterials to rotect an

    e%%& )$ils have a set ti!e to constr$ct their sa"e

    car-&

    A"ter the set ti!e collect the desi%ns to%ether and

    as' $ils to e.lain their desi%n choices&

    7ro each car in t$rn do#n the drainie onto a hard

    s$r"ace& E.a!ine the e%% to see i" it has s$rvived&

    At the end s$!!arise the "eat$res o" the s$ccess"$l

    desi%ns and lin' the! to the $nderl+in% science&

    )lastic drin' c$ #ith lid

    Card9"oil

    Stra#s

    B$,,le #ra

    Stic'+ tae

    (en%th o" 1

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    Topc: P3& Fa11n& sa(e1,

    Su&&ested Teac-n& T2e: ' Hours

    Toic o$tline S$%%ested teachin% and ho!e#or' activities S$%%ested reso$rces )oints to note

    Wei%ht and dra% 7ro a en and a sheet o" aer at the sa!e ti!e

    and as' "or redictions #ith e.lanations o" #hich

    #ill hit the %ro$nd "irst& an+ $ils #ill s$%%est

    #ei%ht di""erence as the e.lanation& Reeat thee.eri!ent #ith a "lat and scre#ed $ sheet o"

    aer& Use this to develo the idea that this is a

    co!le. iss$e&

    7e!o the %$inea and "eather- e.eri!ent to sho#

    that #itho$t an at!oshere all o,ects "all at the

    sa!e seed&

    Sho# video cli o" an astrona$t droin% a ha!!er

    and "eather on the oon&

    htt499video&%oo%le&co!9videola+L

    docid5M2M1

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    Toic o$tline S$%%ested teachin% and ho!e#or' activities S$%%ested reso$rces )oints to note

    Use a data lo%%er #ith a li%ht %ate and dro a ic'et

    "ence to !eas$re %-& = or an+ s$ita,le alternative

    !ethod to !eas$re %->

    As a lenar+ %ive $ils a ict$re o" a arach$tist

    and as' the! to add arro#s to sho# the "orces

    actin% on the arach$tist listin% the "actors that co$ld

    a""ect the t#o "orces& A s$ita,le ani!ation "o$nd on###&northallertoncoll&or%&$'9h+sics9!od$le

    P2029ter!inalP20velocit+9ter!inalP20velocit+&ht!

    other so$rces availa,le&

    ?ree"all Sho# $ils a video cli o" arach$tists in "ree8"all&

    a'e s$re that ideas o" oenin% the arach$te

    ca$se $#ard !otion are challen%ed& Relate this to

    the #or' on relative velocit+ in );,&

    )$ils carr+ o$t an e.eri!ent to investi%ate ho#

    chan%in% the s$r"ace area o" a arach$te or the

    #ei%ht on a arach$te a""ects the ti!e ta'en to "all&

    )$ils co$ld carr+ o$t an e.eri!ent investi%atin%the e""ect o" chan%in% the n$!,er o" c$ca'e cases

    stac'ed to%ether/ has on the ti!e "or the! to "ree8"all

    to the %ro$nd&

    7isc$ss "ree8"all and ter!inal velocit+& 7e!o this ,+

    droin% a sin%le c$ca'e case and as'in% "or

    o,servations o" #here it reaches ter!inal velocit+&

    Co!are seed ti!e %rahs "ro! di""erent lanets to

    hi%hli%ht the e""ect o" di""erent at!oshere and

    val$es o" %-&

    As a lenar+ %ive the $ils a si!le seed8 ti!e

    %rah o" a arach$tist and as' the! to la,el itsho#in% #hat is haenin% and the relative sies o"

    the "orces actin% o" the arach$tist&

    )arach$te "orces ani!ation

    )lastic sac's

    )lasticine

    Cotton

    Stic'+ lastic

    To an ,alances

    Sto #atches

    C$ca'e cases

    (in's #ith );,/ );c/ );h/)

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    Topc: P3- T-e ener&, o( &a2es and t-e2e rdes

    Su&&ested Teac-n& T2e: ' Hours

    Toic o$tline S$%%ested teachin% and ho!e#or' activities S$%%ested reso$rces )oints to note

    G)E :E Re!ind $ils o" the toic on #or'& 7isc$ss #hat

    haens to the ener%+ trans"erred to an o,ect ,+

    #or' #hen it is li"ted& Introd$ce the concet o"

    %ravitational otential ener%+&Introd$ce the e3$ation "or G)E and %ive $ils an

    oort$nit+ to ractice its $se&

    Re!ind $ils o" the #or' on :E and the "actors

    a""ectin% the :E o" an o,ect&

    Sho# $ils a series o" ict$res #here :E and G)E

    co$ld ,e increasin% or decreasin% and as' the! to

    identi"+ the chan%es&

    Sho# $ils a video cli o" a roller8coaster ride and

    disc$ss the trans"ers o" ener%+ tac'in% lace&

    Introd$ce the idea that ener%+ is ,ein% dissiated to

    the s$rro$ndin%s as heat and noise&)$ils co$ld $se an Internet alication to desi%n a

    roller8costa "or e.a!le

    htt499$lin%&caret&ca!&ac&$'9%a!e&hL

    %a!e5roller

    As a lenar+ %ive $ils a si!le dia%ra! o" a roller8

    coaster and as' the! to annotate it the #ith ener%+

    chan%es ta'in% lace at vario$s sta%es o" the ride&

    Calc$lators

    )ict$res o" o,ects #ith chan%in% G)E

    )ict$res o" o,ect #ith chan%in% :E

    Video cli o" a roller8coaster ride

    )$ils #ill have !et the idea o" G)E at

    :S;

    (in's #ith );e/ );%

    ?S) * Use o" !odellin%Note hi%her tier $ils #ill need to chan%e

    the s$,ect o" the G)E e3$ation&

    Enco$ra%e $ils to treat the ter! h- as

    chan%e in hei%ht&

    ! OCR "#$%Pa&e '# o( ') *CSE *ate+a, Scence P-,scs . /'0) Modu1e P3: Forces (or Transport

    http://puzzling.caret.cam.ac.uk/game.php?game=rollerhttp://puzzling.caret.cam.ac.uk/game.php?game=rollerhttp://puzzling.caret.cam.ac.uk/game.php?game=rollerhttp://puzzling.caret.cam.ac.uk/game.php?game=roller
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    Toic o$tline S$%%ested teachin% and ho!e#or' activities S$%%ested reso$rces )oints to note

    Trans"ers ,et#een :E G)E )$ils co$ld lan a ractical to investi%ate the

    e""icienc+ o" a ,all ,o$ncin%& ?actors that co$ld ,e

    chan%ed incl$de the hei%ht droed "ro! or the

    te!erat$re& )$ils co$ld then carr+o$t their

    ractical s$,ect to e3$i!ent9sa"et+ and anal+se

    the res$lts& @ei%ht is the easiest and #ill rod$ce

    ,etter res$lts than te!erat$re)$ils co$ld $se c$rtain trac' and ,all8 ,earin%s to

    !odel a roller coaster s+ste!& The+ co$ld

    investi%ate the !a.i!$! hei%ht that co$ld ,e

    reached on an $ c$rve/ chan%in% the ,all8,earin%

    dia!eter or the an%le o" the trac'&

    In ,oth racticals $ils sho$ld ,e enco$ra%e to $se

    ideas o" ener%+ dissiation to the s$rro$ndin%s as

    art o" their concl$sions&

    ?or hi%her tier $ils sho# the! ho# to e3$ate G)E

    lost to :E %ained or vice versa and #e can $se this

    to calc$late the hei%ht an o,ect thro#n into the air#ill reach&

    )in% on% ,alls

    etre r$les

    Water ,aths =onl+ i" te! considered>

    Ball8 ,earin%s

    C$rtain trac'

    (in's #ith );e/ );%

    ?S) * Use o" !odellin%

    This lesson %ives a %ood oort$nit+ "or

    $ils to develo the lannin% s'ills that

    $ils #ill need "or the Controlled

    Assess!ents art o" the 3$ali"ication&

    This lesson %ives a %ood oort$nit+ "or$ils to develo the anal+tical s'ills that

    $ils #ill need "or the Controlled

    Assess!ents art o" the 3$ali"ication&

    ! OCR "#$%Pa&e '' o( ') *CSE *ate+a, Scence P-,scs . /'0) Modu1e P3: Forces (or Transport

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    Sa2p1e Lesson P1an*CSE *ate+a, Scence P-,scs . /'0)

    Modu1e P3: Forces For Transport

    P3a Speed

    OCR reco%nises that the teachin% o" this 3$ali"ication a,ove #ill var+ %reatl+ "ro! school to school and "ro! teacher to teacher&

    With that in !ind this lesson lan is o""ered as a ossi,le aroach ,$t #ill ,e s$,ect to !odi"ications ,+ the individ$al teacher&

    (esson len%th is ass$!ed to ,e one ho$r&

    (earnin% O,ectives "or the (esson

    O,ective 1 To ,e a,le to !eas$re distance and ti!e and $se these to constr$ct a distance8ti!e %rah to descri,e the !otion

    o" an o,ect

    O,ective 2 To ,e a,le to anal+se a distance8ti!e =distance8ti!e to !atch sec>%rah and descri,e the !otion indicated

    sho#n

    O,ective ; To ,e a,le to calc$late seed "ro! the %radient o" a distance8ti!e %rah&

    Reca o" )revio$s E.erience and )rior :no#led%e

    )$ils sho$ld 'no# ho# to calc$late seed "ro! the "irst lesson in the !od$le& )$ils sho$ld have an idea o" s$ita,le instr$!ents

    "or !eas$rin% ti!e ta'en and distance travelled/ ,$t #ill ro,a,l+ ,e $sed to a la,orator+ settin% "or these !eas$re!ents&

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    Ti!e

    in

    !ins

    (earnin% activities

    Reso$rces Assess!entTeacher )$il

    Introd$ction9Starter

    10 Brie"l+ reca ho# to calc$late seed and %ive $ils

    so!e 3$ic' si!le 3$estions&

    7irect $il attention to the roected data lo%%er

    o$t$t& 7ra# a line on the a.es and as' a $il

    vol$nteer to !ove to !atch the line co$ld ,e

    !odi"ied "or a ran%e o" !otion sensors #here so!e

    involve onl+ a s!all ran%e o" !eas$ra,le

    !ove!ent&

    F$ic' "ire !ental calc$lations involvin% si!le seed/ distance

    and ti!e&

    Vol$nteer tries to !atch the distance8 ti!e %rah dra#n&

    7ata8lo%%er #ith !otion sensor

    connected to a )C #ith a roector&

    F$estion and

    ans#er

    ain

    < As' $ils #hat #as haenin% #ith the data lo%%er&

    Brie"l+ descri,e a distance8ti!e %rah

    E.lain the ractical roced$re& Ens$re $ils can

    $se sto #atch and the+ $nderstand the disla+&

    7isc$ss #hat data lo%%er sho#ed&

    (isten to instr$ctions as' 3$estions as necessar+ to ens$re that

    the+ $nderstand the roced$re&1< Ta'e $ils to a s$ita,le lar%e sace&

    7irect $ils into %ro$s o" 29; one to #arn o" arrival

    o" vol$nteer/ one to read the sto cloc' and one to

    record ti!eL

    Usin% tr$ndle #heel !eas$re o$t 10! intervals "ro!

    startin% oint& I" ossi,le these sho$ld ,e !ar'ed&

    )lace a %ro$ o" $ils #ith en/ aer and sto

    #atch at each 10! interval&

    Select vol$nteers to r$n9o%9 #al' do#n the line o"

    $ils&

    Ret$rn to class roo!&

    Asse!,le in %ro$s as directed&

    Chec' sto #atch is #or'in% correctl+& Record distance "ro!

    start&

    Start #atches #hen r$nner- ,e%ins and sto the! #hen r$nner-

    asses the %ro$& Record the ti!e ta'en&

    Sto #atches/ aer/ ens/ tr$ndle

    #heel or lon% tae

    10 Use re8dra#n %rid to collate data "ro! %ro$s&

    Collect "i%$res "or each r$nner- in t$rn&

    As' $ils "or redictions "or the ne.t ti!e in the

    data/ $sin% ast ti!es&

    Give ti!es "or each r$nner

    Usin% data alread+ collated !a'e redictions

    )eer assess!ento" 3$alit+ o"ti!in%& Esti!ateso" ne.t ti!e&

    ! OCR "#$%Pa&e '4 o( ') *CSE *ate+a, Scence P-,scs . /'0) Modu1e P3: Forces For Transport

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    10 Instr$ct $ils to record data onto a distance8ti!e

    %rah/ ta'in% care that correct a.es are $sed& ?or

    so!e $ils re8dra#n a.es !i%ht ,e $se"$l

    7ra# distance8 ti!e %rah/ $ttin% $ to ; r$nners- on the a.es&

    Calc$late the avera%e seed o" each r$nner-

    Grah aer/ encils/ calc$lators)eer9teacherassess!ent o"%rahs

    Consolidation

    < 7isc$ss #ith $ils the di""erences ,et#een the

    lines and invite concl$sions a,o$t steeness and

    seed

    Write ,asic concl$sion that steeness o" line indicates seed&

    < Sho# a series o" ,asic %rahs and as' $ils #hat

    each sho#s

    Identi"+/ "or#ard !otion/ ,ac' #ard !otion/ stationar+ o,ects/

    acceleration and deceleration&

    )re8dra#n %rahs F$estion and

    ans#er

    @o!e#or'4

    @T )$ils co$ld ,e %iven "$rther data and as'ed to lot a distance8 ti!e %rah/ calc$latin% seeds at di""erent sections?T @T )$ils co$ld ,e %iven s'etched distance8ti!e %rahs and as'ed to descri,e #hat each sho#s?T )$ils co$ld ,e %iven a scenario and as'ed to s'etch a distance8 ti!e %rah

    :e+ #ords4

    Seed/ distance/ ti!e

    ! OCR "#$%