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Notes:The

Global VillageNew

developments in communications have made our world smaller, by allowing information to pass between countries and people much faster than ever before.Modern Transportation has also made our world smaller by allowing people to move further and faster than ever before possible in human history.

The World as

a System

A system can be defined as a set of elements which interact with each other in a particular way.Global systems generally fall into three categories: The physical world, the Biological world and the Economic world.

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Notes: The Physical WorldThe physical

elements of the world : Air, wind, waterways, precipitation, soils etc. If any one of these elements changes those changes will affect other aspects of the system. Ex. Cutting down trees exposes the soil beneath to rainfall and wind. The unprotected soil erodes easily, and erosion leads to changes in river flows and groundwater levels. Cutting down trees also leads to desertification and loss of wildlife habitat.

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Notes:Types of Resourc

esResources can be divided into two groups: Renewable and non-renewable.Renewable resources are those which will continue to supply materials indefinitely as long as the system that produces them is not disrupted. Forestry, fisheries and farming are all examples of renewable resources.Non-renewable resources are those which cannot be replaced once they are used up. Most of them are inorganic,that is ,non-living. Such materials have been created by nature over millions of years. Fossil fuels and metal ores are example of a non-renewable resource

The Distributi

on of Resources

The world’s natural resources are very unevenly distributed. Only about one-fifth of the world’s land area is currently capable of sustaining a high population density, whether for farming or industry.The world’s best agricultural land is located mainly in warm temperate areas such as the Midwest of North America and along major rivers like the Nile. Many less developed tropical nations have almost no highly productive agricultural land and extreme climate change makes for irregular food production. (They have more arid land than arable land)Mineral resources are even less evenly distributed. The Canadian Shield and the South African plateau are among the richest locations of ore deposits.About ½ of the world’s coal is located in Russia and the USAlmost 60% of the word’s petroleum is in the Persian Gulf area.The uneven distribution of the world’s resources is the major impetus for international trade.

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Air ResourcesGlobal Warming:

The earth absorbs the sun’s energy and re-emits it as heat. Gases in the earth’s atmosphere then trap this heat keeping the temp on earth at a level that sustains life. This is called the Greenhouse effect, the gases that allow for it include Carbon dioxide (CO2) Methane (CH4) and Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC’s)Unfortunately the level of these gases in the atmosphere is increasing due to human industrial activity. This is causing the global temperature to rise.Ultimately this rise in the Earth’s temp could lead to a rise in sea levels, which could destroy cities and crop lands. Eventually this rise in global temperatures could cause a warmer global climate, alter growth patterns and cause deserts to expand and forest cover to decrease.

Air Resources Continued

: Ozone Depletion

Ozone is a pale blue gas that is present in a thin layer in the Stratosphere. It is formed when oxygen in the atmosphere reacts with sunlight. Ozone forms a protective shield around the earth. It filters out ultraviolet radiation (dangerous to living things) from the sun. The Ozone layer is getting thinner and becoming damaged due to the increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. This damage to the Ozone layer is responsible for the rise in skin cancer in recent years. It could also lead to damage in the food chain, as a significant amount of sea life depends on algae for food and algae is very sensitive to sunlightAlgae also produces a significant amount of the World’s oxygen and we use that all the time.

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