Vaca Muerta LlandoveryProspectivity

High

Low

ProspectivityHigh

Low

global prospective shale plays

Bazhenov

Global Shale PlaysInitial Geologic Period

Neogene

Paleogene

Cretaceous

Jurassic

Triassic

Permian

Carboniferous

Devonian

Silurian

Ordovician

Cambrian

Precambrian

ProspectivityHigh

Low

1

2

3

1 2 3

NeuquenBasin,Argentina

OilCondensateDry Gas

BalticBasin,Poland

Dry Gas

WestSiberianBasin,Russia

OilWet GasDry Gas

Transparent areas have a sedimentary thickness of less than2,000 meters.

Prospectivity maps indicate the probability of finding commercial rates of hydrocarbons and are based on ideal combination of key geologic parameters such as play thickness, depth and thermal maturity.

United States Argentina UK Poland China Russia Turkey

Formation BakkenShale

Eagle Ford Shale

MarcellusShale

Barnett Shale

Wolfcamp Shale

HaynesvilleShale

Vaca MuertaShale

BowlandShale

LlandoveryShale

ZiliujingShale

BazhenovShale

Dadas Shale

BasinWilliston South Texas Appalachian Forth Worth

Permian -Midland TX-LA-MS Salt Neuquen Pennine Baltic Sichuan West Siberian SE Anatolian

Geological AgeL. Devonian -

E. Mississippian

Late Creataceous

Middle Devonian Mississippian

Early Permian

LateJurassic

L. Jurassic –E. Cretaceous Carboniferous Early Silurian Early Jurassic

L. Jurassic -E. Cretaceous

Silurian -Devonian

Lithology Siliceous Shale

CalcareusShale

Siliceous Shale

SiliceousShale

Basinal Shales

Siliceous Marl

SiliceousMarl

Fissile Mudstone

Graptolitic Shale

DeltaicLimestone

SiliceousShale

Siliceous Shale

Depth (ft) 8,000 –10,500

7,000 –12,000

3,500 –7,500

5,000 –8,500

7,000 –8,500

10,000 -14,000

Outcrops -15,000

3,300 –6,900

6,500 -16,000

4,600 –14,000

6,500 –16,000

5,500 -13,000

Organically Rich Thickness (ft) 10 -120 120 - 300 75 - 150 150 - 600 300 - 575 225 - 300 150 - 1,500 66 - 2,400 200 - 820 100 - 300 65 - 160 200 - 450

TOC %5 - 20 2 - 8 4 - 7 3 - 7 2 - 9 3 - 4 (avg.) 1.1 - 6.5 0.7 - 6.9 0.7 - 10 0.8 - 2.4 5 - 15 2 - 7

Thermal Maturity, Ro 0.5 - 1.0 0.7 - 1.8 1.3 - 2.4 0.8 - 2.1 0.7 - 0.9 1.7 - 2.8 0.7 - 1.8 1.0 - 1.5 0.85 (avg.) 1 - 1.6 0.85 - 1.45 0.61 - 0.7

Pressure Gradient (psi/ft) 0.60 - 0.80 0.50 - 0.75 0.60 - 0.70 0.45 - 0.55 0.45 - 0.52 0.70 - 0.95 0.49 - 0.9 up to 1.25 0.6+ up to 0.74 0.43 - 0.7

Porosity %3 - 12 4 - 15 7 - 9 4 - 8 5 - 18 7 - 14 4 - 14 4 - 10 2 - 8 4 (avg.) 6 - 7

Permeability (nD)10 - 20,000 100 - 1,500 100 - 200 50 - 200 50 - 300 50 - 400 50 -200 1,900 (avg.) 400 (avg.)

Clay Content (%)34 - 44 10 - 20 10 - 35 10 - 50 22 - 36 25 - 35 15 - 20 12 - 38 15 - 20 34 - 49

Quartz Content (%) 34 - 51 10 - 30 10 - 60 25 - 50 14 -35 45 - 50 30 - 54 46 (avg.) 18 - 39

API30 - 35 30 - 40 35 - 40 35 - 40 35 - 40 40 - 50

Kerogen TypeII II, III II, III II, III II III II II II, III II, III II II, III

HC Window OilOil

CondensateDry gas

Wet gasDry gas

Wet gasDry gas Condensate Dry gas

OilCondensate

Dry gas

Wet gas Dry gas Dry Gas Dry Gas

OilWet gasDry gas

OilWet gas

Associated Conventional Production No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes - - Yes No

Natural FracturesHigh High Low High Medium Medium Medium High Medium High High Medium

Geologic characteristics (Source: Rystad Energy Research)

Austral-MagallanesBasin

Golfo SanJorge Basin

NeuguenBasin

Alto ParanaBasin

ChacoBasin

TarijaBasin

CuyoBasin

ParnaibaBasin

PontiguarBasin

Sergipe-AlagoasBasin

Reconcavo Basin

AmazonasBasin

Nirihuau Basin

Barinas-Apure Basin

Eastern VenezuelaBasin

MaracaiboBasin

Lianos ForelandBasin

KarooBasin

GongolaBasin

TaoudeniBasin

TindoufBasin

SirteBasin

CentralMurzuqBasin

HamraBasin

Timinoun/AhnetBasin

BerkineBasin

ParisBasin

BasqueCantabrianBasin

South-EastBasin

Molasse Basin CarpathianBasin

BalticBasin

ThraceBasin

LowerSaxonyBasin

Pennine Basin

UK PetroleumSystem

WealdBasin Dniepr-Donets

Basin North CaspianBasin

SouthCaspianBasin

AmuDaryaBasin

WesternArabianBasin

Zagros Fold Belt

CentralArabianBasin

GotniaBasin

Rub AlKhali

South OmanSalt Basin

North OmanBasin

West SiberianBasin

Timan-PechoraBasin

TarimBasin

JunggarBasin

Tuha Basin

Qaidam Basin

SouthernIndusBasin

CambayBasin

HailarBasin

SichuanBasin

ErlianBasin

JianghanBasin

OrdosBasin

BohaiBasin

SongliaoBasin

Yangtze Platform

CauveryBasin

Krishna-GodavanBasin

NorthernPerthBasin

CanningBasin

BetalooBasin

McArthurBasin

CooperBasin

EromangaBasin

BowenBasin

CentralSumatraBasin

SouthSumatraBasin

Bampo-PeutuBasin

KuteiBasin

BaritoBasin

BintuniBasin

BurgosBasin

VeracruzBasin

SabinasBasin

Alberta Basin

WillistonBasin

AppalachianBasin

DJ Basin

Powder RiverBasinGreater Green

River Basin

PermianBasin

AnadarkoBasin Arkoma

BasinEast TexasBasin

Western GulfProvince

IllinoisBasin

MichiganBasin

San JoaquinBasin

MaritimesBasin

North Slope

UintaBasin

Santa Maria-Ventura Basins Fort

WorthBasin

North Sea-GermanBasin

Middle MagdalenaBasin

Feeding the Western Siberian Petroleum Basin with conventional oil and gas, Bazhenov shale is the largest source rock in the world. About 30 MMbbl of oil has already been extracted from the formation from 200wells drilled into natural fractures in the Salym field where the pressure gradient is reported as high as 0.8-0.9 in some areas. The formation is only 50-100 feet thick with high clay content.

Rystad Energy offers North Americanshale analysis through NASReport, NASCube, NASMaps, and NASWellData.

www.rystadenergy.com

0 50 100 150 200 250

United States

Russia

China

Brazil

Canada

Argentina

India

Algeria

Saudi Arabia

Kazakhstan

Libya

Australia

Venezuela

Mexico

Germany

Turkmenistan

Bolivia

South Africa

France

Morocco

Tight liquids plays Shale oil plays Shale gas plays

Billion boe

Shale resources per country (Source: Rystad Energy UCube)

Thick and organic-rich black shales of Cambro-Silurian agewithin the Llandovery group appear potentially prospectiveacross several sub-basins in Poland. Exploration campaignsled by Lane Energy, BNK Petroleum and PGNiG in the BalticBasin have resulted in promising flow rates of dry gas fromseveral fracked vertical wells in the early Silurian whereorganic content and brittleness appear most favorable over thicker pay zones. In the Lublin Basin, Orlen is also carrying out an exploration campaign. Up to June 2014, about 50 exploration wells have been drilled on Poland shale plays.

The Neuquen Rift Basin is a proven petroleum province with three potentially prospective shale formations: the deep and gas prone Los Molles of early Jurassic, the thick and liquids rich and post-rift Vaca Muerta of Jurassic/Cretaceous age, and the shallow and lessmature Agrio formation. The Vaca Muerta formation is down-dip in the western direction giving rise to clearly distinguished oil, condensate and gas windows. Repsol, now YPF, proved the Vaca Muerta formation during the exploration and piloting campaign where well initial oil production averaged 500 bbld/d. With about 200 wells completed to date, the play produces about 15 kbbl/d of oil and gas in the first quarter 2014.

www.fmctechnologies.com

We put it all together...so you don’t have to.

We know downhole.

dloiltools.com

+1 281.529.2100 | www.kbr.com

A Leader in Engineering and Construction in Unconventional

Shale Oil & Gas

Oil & Gas Processing Facilities n LNG n GTL

www.tmeic.comTel.: +1-540-283-2000

GAS PROCESSING SOLUTIONS EPFC Capabilities for the Entire Natural Gas Value Chain

• GAS CONDITIONING AND TREATING• MODULAR GAS PROCESSING PLANTS• FRACTIONATION

• DEEP ETHANE EXTRACTION• LPG RECOVERY• LIQUID PRODUCT TREATING

Call: + 1 713 375 8885 | Visit: www.CBI.com/gas-processing

cbi_ogj_glbl_shalebasin_map_ad_apr_2014.indd 1 3/31/2014 3:05:05 PM

transparency

in the oil and

gas business

www.rystadenergy.com

Rystad Energy is an independent oil and gas consulting services and business intelligence data firm offering global databases, strategy advisory and research products for E&P and oil service companies, investors, investment banks and governments.

katchkan.comýREACTIVE

“If you take preventative action, it’s substatially less costly than remedial action. It’s 10x greater cost to do remedial cleanup than to ‘do it right’ from the start... If there’s a risk that needs to be managed, better to manage it proactively.”

-Gord Lambert - VP Sustainability for Suncor þPROACTIVE

We Facilitate Protecting Lives & The Environment Fits 2 to 8” QuicklySSSSRigSafetySystem™ SSSS

ZeroSpillSystem™

Call 1-800-840-2877

Leading Sell-Side M&A Advisor to

Private Oil & Gas Services Companies

Pipeline, facilities and electrical infrastructure construction

Exploration, drilling and completion technology and manufacturing

Operations and maintenance services

We close deals.

Driving growth, delivering value in the oil and gas industry

© 2014 PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, a Delaware limited liability partnership. All rights reserved.

PwC helps organisations and individuals create the value they’re looking for. We’re a network of firms in 158 countries with more than 180,000 people who are committed to delivering quality in assurance, tax and advisory services.

To learn more about our global energy practice, visit us at www.pwc.com/energy.

H GeneratorsH Air CompressorsH Indirect Fired HeatersH Light Towers

(800)-433-1382 www.mmdequipment.com

, GLOBAL PARTNER IN ELECTRIC ACTUATION FOR OIL & GAS MARKETS

ReliabilitySecurityUser Friendly

www.bernardcontrols.com

Hi-Crush_Skinny_Ad_5_25X2_3_16_01132014.indd 1 1/14/14 5:01 PM

Proudly Serving the Western U.S.

AUTOMATION &

CONTROLS INC.

LEVEL - PRESSURE - FLOW - VALVES

ANALYTICAL - DCS - SCADA

R e p R e s e n t i n g

8 0 0 - 7 7 2 - 0 8 7 8

www. r us t co . com

www.tgs.com/welldata

WWW.LOGANLCS.COM

www.jacobs.com