8 th Grade Do Now: Sept. 14

8th Grade Do Now: Sept. 14Answer in your journal using sentences. You might have to guess – that’s okay!

Where do you think music came from? When do you think it was started? What type (s) of music do you think were first

performed and notated?

Overview of Overview of Music HistoryMusic History

Middle Ages / MedievalMiddle Ages / Medieval

450 – 1450450 – 1450Sacred MusicSacred Music Mostly vocal music until 1100Mostly vocal music until 1100 After 1100, the church allowed instruments to be played.After 1100, the church allowed instruments to be played. The organ was the most popular then.The organ was the most popular then. Most notated music was sacredMost notated music was sacred

Why? The church had control over learning.Why? The church had control over learning. Most composers were anonymous because they were Most composers were anonymous because they were

taught that it was wrong to take credit and brag about taught that it was wrong to take credit and brag about their works. They were taught that God would be their works. They were taught that God would be unhappy with them.unhappy with them.


450 – 1450450 – 1450 Secular music – non-religious Secular music – non-religious Troubadours traveled the country, singing Troubadours traveled the country, singing

their love songs. their love songs. They used drums, bagpipes, harps, and They used drums, bagpipes, harps, and

recorders.recorders. Why do you think they didn’t notate their Why do you think they didn’t notate their

music?music?

Quick Question…Quick Question…

What makes Sacred music different from What makes Sacred music different from Secular music?Secular music?

Which was more likely to be notated?Which was more likely to be notated?


Gregorian Chant: The earliest music of the Gregorian Chant: The earliest music of the Middle Ages was sung slowly and without Middle Ages was sung slowly and without rhythm or harmony. Everyone sang the rhythm or harmony. Everyone sang the same thing. same thing.

These tunes are also called Gregorian These tunes are also called Gregorian Chant, which were named after Pope Chant, which were named after Pope Gregory I.Gregory I.


Polyphony: Later on other musical lines Polyphony: Later on other musical lines were added, creating harmony. This is were added, creating harmony. This is also called polyphonic music. also called polyphonic music.

This is music for more than one voice and This is music for more than one voice and it appeared during the later Medieval it appeared during the later Medieval period. This marked the beginning of period. This marked the beginning of harmony.harmony.

What was the earliest music of the Middle Ages?

What kind of music appeared later in the Middle Ages? What did it have that made it different?

BalladBallad Ballads were sung outside of churches and Ballads were sung outside of churches and

told stories.told stories. Topics included love, war, and heroes.Topics included love, war, and heroes. Every other line rhymes within a verse– Every other line rhymes within a verse–

ABABABAB Verse One: Verse Two:Verse One: Verse Two:

…….. A ….C.. A ….C …….. B ….D.. B ….D ……. A ….C. A ….C ……. B ….D. B ….D

Medieval Listening ExampleMedieval Listening Example

““Graduale”Graduale” By – AnonymousBy – Anonymous

Include title, composer, and three musical Include title, composer, and three musical ideas using sentences in your journal. Don’t ideas using sentences in your journal. Don’t forget your introduction and conclusion.forget your introduction and conclusion.

Just fyi – the gradual is a responsorial chant Just fyi – the gradual is a responsorial chant and is the only type, other than the Alleluia, and is the only type, other than the Alleluia, that is sung without an any action, such as a that is sung without an any action, such as a processional. It comes in between readings.processional. It comes in between readings.

“Graduale”

“Graduale” is a peaceful song. It was a Gregorian Chant. It doesn’t have any instruments playing with it. This song is religious. The color of this song is orange, because it is mellow.

Creating Music:Creating Music:Compose your own Ballad!Compose your own Ballad!

Creating Music

At a keyboard, create a short song, around 30 seconds.

Notate the song as they might have during the Medieval Period.

Remember, they did not use rhythms and staff notation like we do today.

They also did not have a piano then.

May 3 Do Now

Answer these questions in your journals. Try to do this without using your notes if you can.

1. In the Medieval Period, where did you go to learn?

2. What was a popular church instrument near the end of this period?

3. Who traveled singing love songs?

4. What type of songs are slow, without rhythm or harmony?

Jan. 13 Do Now


1. What is the form / rhyme scheme of a ballad?

2. What does anonymous mean?

3. What was the topic of your ballad?

8th Grade Do Now, Sept. 15

Take out you Ballad from yesterday and quietly practice it. I will come around and listen to you.

When I have listened to you, take one of the Renaissance papers on your table and work on it.

Name___________________________________________________ Period ________Essential Question of the Lesson: What are the characteristics of music from the Renaissance time period?

Directions: Determine whether each statement is true or false and mark your answer in the column marked Before.

Before After_____ _____ 1. During the Renaissance, the middle and upper class

hired tutors to educate their children._____ _____ 2. Polyphonic music is when everyone performs the

same melody and rhythms at the same time._____ _____ 3. Chordal music is when the harmony and voice parts

move at the same time in chords.

_____ _____ 4. A madrigal is a non-religious (secular) song that people

sing and is often a love song._____ _____ 5. A motet is a non-religious song that people sing._____ _____ 6. A mass is a religious (sacred) song that people sing._____ _____ 7. The lute is a popular instrument during the

Renaissance._____ _____ 8. Instrumental music was mostly for singing and dancing

during the Renaissance._____ _____ 9. Palestrina was the worst composer from the

Renaissance.

RenaissanceRenaissance

Renaissance means “rebirth”- in this case, Renaissance means “rebirth”- in this case, it was a rebirth of Greek and Roman it was a rebirth of Greek and Roman culture.culture.

It lasted from 1450-1600.It lasted from 1450-1600. The middle and upper classes hired The middle and upper classes hired

people to educate their children.people to educate their children. The printing press was invented and The printing press was invented and

popularized the music of great composers.popularized the music of great composers.

Renaissance MusicRenaissance Music

Most Renaissance music is polyphonic – Most Renaissance music is polyphonic – two or more voices being heard with two or more voices being heard with different rhythms.different rhythms.

Near the end of the Renaissance, chordal Near the end of the Renaissance, chordal music appeared. The voices moved music appeared. The voices moved together in chords.together in chords.

Here are some questionsHere are some questions

What does Renaissance mean?What does Renaissance mean?

What was invented that popularized the What was invented that popularized the music of great composers?music of great composers?

What does it mean for music to be What does it mean for music to be polyphonic in the Renaissance time polyphonic in the Renaissance time period?period?

Vocal A Capella MusicVocal A Capella Music

Madrigals - These song forms were performed in Madrigals - These song forms were performed in groups of four, five, or six singers. A madrigal is groups of four, five, or six singers. A madrigal is secular music and were usually love songs.secular music and were usually love songs.

Motets - a polyphonic work with four or five voice Motets - a polyphonic work with four or five voice parts singing one religious Latin text. parts singing one religious Latin text.

Mass - follows the religious service of the Mass - follows the religious service of the Catholic Church and is sung in a very specific Catholic Church and is sung in a very specific order: Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, order: Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, Benedictus, and Agnus Dei. It is performed in Benedictus, and Agnus Dei. It is performed in Latin. Latin.

Instrumental MusicInstrumental Music

There was a growth in instrumental music, There was a growth in instrumental music, especially the lute and keyboard. The especially the lute and keyboard. The most popular instrument of the most popular instrument of the Renaissance was the lute. Renaissance was the lute.

Most instrumental music was written for Most instrumental music was written for singing and dancing.singing and dancing.

Let’s answer these.Let’s answer these.

What were the three kinds of a capella What were the three kinds of a capella music? Which one follows the religious music? Which one follows the religious service of the Catholic Church?service of the Catholic Church?

What was the most popular instrument in What was the most popular instrument in the Renaissance time period?the Renaissance time period?

Palestrina’s music Palestrina’s music shows pitch and shows pitch and rhythm.rhythm.

He was Italian and He was Italian and wrote mostly religious wrote mostly religious works. works.

He is considered one He is considered one of the great masters of the great masters of Renaissance of Renaissance music. music.

He wrote motets, He wrote motets, madrigals, and madrigals, and masses. masses.

Renaissance Listening ExampleRenaissance Listening Example

““Kyrie”Kyrie” By PalestrinaBy Palestrina P. 174 in 8P. 174 in 8thth grade text grade text

Let’s Create Some Music!Let’s Create Some Music!

Creating a group composition in the Creating a group composition in the Renaissance Polyphonic style.Renaissance Polyphonic style. Each table will be a group. The bigger tables Each table will be a group. The bigger tables

may split up into two and three if they would may split up into two and three if they would like.like.

Each person in the group will compose two Each person in the group will compose two measures of rhythms in four.measures of rhythms in four.

Practice it quietly all together and then we will Practice it quietly all together and then we will perform them for the class.perform them for the class.

8th Grade Do Now, May 5 Answer these questions in your journals. Use

sentences! Try to do this without using your notes if you can. Then, finish the true/false paper in the “After” column from yesterday.

1. What does Renaissance mean?2. When two or more voices are singing different

rhythms, what is that called? Kyrie was an example of this.

3. Out of madrigals, motets, and masses, which is NOT religious?

4. What two things was instrumental music used for in the Renaissance?

5. Who was a great Renaissance composer?

88thth Grade Do Now, Sept. 16 Grade Do Now, Sept. 16

If I did not hear your Ballad yesterday I will If I did not hear your Ballad yesterday I will come around to hear you perform it.come around to hear you perform it.

Quietly finish your group polyphony Quietly finish your group polyphony projects from yesterday. projects from yesterday.

When I have heard your group, get out the When I have heard your group, get out the Renaissance True or False half sheet from Renaissance True or False half sheet from yesterday. Fill in the column that says yesterday. Fill in the column that says “After”. Try not to use your notes.“After”. Try not to use your notes.

Baroque Activitation

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CTVraVgzC9U

Organ – Bach

Name___________________________________________________ Period ________Essential Question of the Lesson: What are the characteristics of music from the Renaissance time period?

Directions: Determine whether each statement is true or false and mark your answer in the column marked Before.

Before After_____ _____ 1. During the Renaissance, the middle and upper class

hired tutors to educate their children._____ _____ 2. Polyphonic music is when everyone performs the

same melody and rhythms at the same time._____ _____ 3. Chordal music is when the harmony and voice parts

move at the same time in chords.

_____ _____ 4. A madrigal is a non-religious (secular) song that people

sing and is often a love song._____ _____ 5. A motet is a non-religious song that people sing._____ _____ 6. A mass is a religious (sacred) song that people sing._____ _____ 7. The lute is a popular instrument during the

Renaissance._____ _____ 8. Instrumental music was mostly for singing and dancing

during the Renaissance._____ _____ 9. Palestrina was the worst composer from the

Renaissance.

BaroqueBaroque

1600-17501600-1750 Baroque refers to highly decorated music Baroque refers to highly decorated music

and art.and art. Unity – repeating rhythms and melodic Unity – repeating rhythms and melodic

patternspatterns Sudden dynamic and tempo changesSudden dynamic and tempo changes Music was ornamented and improvised.Music was ornamented and improvised.

Baroque MusicBaroque Music

Orchestras begin to formOrchestras begin to form Opera developsOpera develops Was written for and heard only by kings Was written for and heard only by kings

and nobility and the Churchand nobility and the Church Venice, Italy was the center of Baroque Venice, Italy was the center of Baroque

musicmusic Harpsichord was more popular than the Harpsichord was more popular than the

piano.piano.

Some QuestionsSome Questions

What two things could drastically change What two things could drastically change in music from the Baroque period?in music from the Baroque period?

What musical group began to form?What musical group began to form?

Where was the center of Baroque music?Where was the center of Baroque music?

FugueFugue

The subject is stated by the first voice.The subject is stated by the first voice. The other voices then enter imitating the The other voices then enter imitating the

same subject, one at a time.same subject, one at a time. The voices alternate subject and answer.The voices alternate subject and answer.

What about this?What about this?

What form of music had a theme or What form of music had a theme or subject that was repeated by different subject that was repeated by different voices at different times?voices at different times?

How is this different from a round?How is this different from a round?

Baroque Listening ExampleBaroque Listening Example

““Fugue in G Minor”Fugue in G Minor”

By J. S. BachBy J. S. Bach

Create Some Music!Create Some Music!

Create a fugue with a partner, there can Create a fugue with a partner, there can be three people.be three people. Start out with the same phrase, starting one Start out with the same phrase, starting one

after the other finishes. after the other finishes. There must be other phrases that are not the There must be other phrases that are not the

same between the two, or three voices.same between the two, or three voices. All of the parts must end at the same time.All of the parts must end at the same time.

May 5 Do Now Answer these questions in your journals. Try to

do this without using your notes if you can. Use sentences!

1. In the Baroque period, there were extreme changes in what two musical elements?

2. What musical group began to form during the Baroque period?3. What type of vocal music was being developed during this period?

4. What was the popular keyboard instrument during the Baroque period?

May 6 Do Now

Complete the orange vocabulary half-sheet that is on your tables. You may not use your notes. You may not ask any one for the answers.

May 7 Do Now

Pick two time periods that we have done so far. Compare and contrast them. You may use your notes. Make sure you have at least 2 ways they are similar and 2 ways that they are different. Use sentences!!!!!!!!!!


Please get rid of gum or candy.Please get rid of gum or candy. Answer in your notebooks using Answer in your notebooks using

sentences.sentences. What are at least two differences between a What are at least two differences between a

round and a fugue?round and a fugue? Describe the subject of a fugue.Describe the subject of a fugue.


Get out your Fugue outline, and grading Get out your Fugue outline, and grading rubric from last class. Begin working with rubric from last class. Begin working with your table.your table.

There will be a short review of the Fugue There will be a short review of the Fugue to refresh everyone’s memories. to refresh everyone’s memories.

Make sure that everyone’s name is on Make sure that everyone’s name is on your grading rubric when I come around to your grading rubric when I come around to listen to your work.listen to your work.


Pick two time periods that we have done so far. Compare and contrast them. You may use your notes. Make sure you have at least 2 ways they are similar and 2 ways that they are different. Use complete sentences!!!!!

Classical Activation

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wKhH2hRa-WQ

Mozart Clip

Classical PeriodClassical Period

The Classical period began around 1750 The Classical period began around 1750 and lasted until 1830.and lasted until 1830.

This was when Benjamin Franklin was This was when Benjamin Franklin was discovering electricity.discovering electricity.

This was also when the United States was This was also when the United States was being founded.being founded.

Music of the Classical PeriodMusic of the Classical Period

Music was simpler to play than Baroque Music was simpler to play than Baroque music.music.

Music was written for everyone.Music was written for everyone. Common people began attending Common people began attending

concerts.concerts. Emotions were controlled in the music.Emotions were controlled in the music. There were not extremes in tempo, There were not extremes in tempo,

dynamics, etc. like in the Baroque period.dynamics, etc. like in the Baroque period.

Some QuestionsSome Questions

Was the music simpler or more complex in Was the music simpler or more complex in the Classical time period than the music in the Classical time period than the music in the Baroque time period?the Baroque time period?

What were the emotions in the music like?What were the emotions in the music like?

Classical MusicClassical Music

A symphony usually has 3 or 4 A symphony usually has 3 or 4 movements and uses the entire orchestra.movements and uses the entire orchestra.

Orchestras were small, around 40 people, Orchestras were small, around 40 people, at the beginning of this period. They grew at the beginning of this period. They grew larger near the end.larger near the end.

Rondo form, ABACA, was commonly Rondo form, ABACA, was commonly used. It alternates between one main used. It alternates between one main themes and contrasting themes.themes and contrasting themes.

Can you answer this?Can you answer this?

How many movements did symphonies How many movements did symphonies normally have?normally have?

Did the orchestras grow in size or shrink Did the orchestras grow in size or shrink towards the end of the time period?towards the end of the time period?

What form was commonly used in the What form was commonly used in the Classical time period?Classical time period?

Classical Listening ExampleClassical Listening Example

““Rondo alla turka”Rondo alla turka” By MozartBy Mozart

Creating Music!Creating Music! In groups of four or five, you will be composing In groups of four or five, you will be composing

a piece in the Rondo Form. (ABACA)a piece in the Rondo Form. (ABACA) Use the handout to help you write your rhythms. Use the handout to help you write your rhythms.

Each section should be two measures long. (Write Each section should be two measures long. (Write in the counts)in the counts)

The time signature must stay the same throughout The time signature must stay the same throughout the piece. the piece.

Each person will only clap one section. (For the Each person will only clap one section. (For the smaller groups, figure out who will clap two smaller groups, figure out who will clap two sections.)sections.)

8th Grade, Sept. 21

Quickly and quietly get out your Rondo outline from last class. Sit with your group where you sat yesterday.

Finish it and quietly practice it. I will come around and hear you perform it.


Answer these questions in your journals. Try to do this without using your notes if you can. Use sentences!

1. In the Classical period, music was for whom?2. In Classical music, were there large contrasts in

tempo and dynamics?3. What has a few movements and is for an entire

orchestra?4. What is the type of song with a form that is

ABACA?

Romantic Activation

Fantasia/Fantasia 2000 Clip – Sorcerer’s Apprentice

Think – Pair – Share – what do you think are characteristics of Romantic period music?

Romantic PeriodRomantic Period

The Romantic period began around 1830 The Romantic period began around 1830 and ended around 1900.and ended around 1900.

Yes, there was some overlap between the Yes, there was some overlap between the classical period and romantic period.classical period and romantic period.

In fact, Beethoven bridged the two periods In fact, Beethoven bridged the two periods during his lifetime.during his lifetime.

Romantic MusicRomantic Music

Program music tells a story or describes Program music tells a story or describes something. something.

Music is filled with passion and drama.Music is filled with passion and drama. Composers used music to overwhelm listeners Composers used music to overwhelm listeners

with emotion, writing sad, sweeping pieces with emotion, writing sad, sweeping pieces about love and heartbreak and magical fantasies about love and heartbreak and magical fantasies about goblins, witches, and swans.about goblins, witches, and swans.

The orchestra is arranged as we know it and The orchestra is arranged as we know it and was led by a conductor with a baton.was led by a conductor with a baton.

The most popular instrument was the piano.The most popular instrument was the piano.

Can you answer these?Can you answer these? Who bridged the Classical and Romantic Who bridged the Classical and Romantic

time periods?time periods?

What is program music?What is program music?

What was the most popular instrument?What was the most popular instrument?

Romantic Listening ExampleRomantic Listening Example

““March,” from March,” from The NutcrackerThe Nutcracker By TchaikovskyBy Tchaikovsky

Creating Music!!!Creating Music!!!

Program music! Each student will work by Program music! Each student will work by themselves. themselves. Make up a character and write a short Make up a character and write a short

paragraph about them.paragraph about them. Write a description of how the theme music Write a description of how the theme music

you are thinking of relates to your character.you are thinking of relates to your character. Go to the piano and quickly play the theme by Go to the piano and quickly play the theme by

ear.ear. You will be playing it for the class.You will be playing it for the class.



1. Who bridged the gap between Classical and Romantic music?

2. In the Romantic period, music is filled with what and what?

3. What is program music?

Modern Activiation

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ce4TCth0gGM&feature=PlayList&p=0C7DE3935191D7D6&playnext=1&playnext_from=PL&index=1

John Cage Piano Sonata X for prepared piano

Modern PeriodModern Period

1900 – Present1900 – Present

NeoclassicalNeoclassical

Composer: Composer: Aaron CoplandAaron Copland Uses techniques used in Uses techniques used in BaroqueBaroque and and

ClassicalClassical periods periods OppositionOpposition to current musical trends to current musical trends

SerialismSerialism

Composer: Composer: Arnold SchoenbergArnold Schoenberg Music has Music has no tonal centerno tonal center Randomly uses all 12 notes of the scale in a Randomly uses all 12 notes of the scale in a

tone rowtone row AleatoricAleatoric: created by chance.: created by chance.

Answer these!Answer these!

What type of music used techniques from What type of music used techniques from the Baroque and Classical time periods?the Baroque and Classical time periods?

What type of music used all 12 notes of What type of music used all 12 notes of the scale in a tone row?the scale in a tone row?

MinimalismMinimalism

Composer: Composer: Phillip GlassPhillip Glass Uses small Uses small patternspatterns to create to create

effectseffects Extended Extended OstinatiOstinati DronesDrones in the background in the background

ElectronicElectronic

Composer: Composer: Karlheinz StockhausenKarlheinz Stockhausen Uses Uses tape loopstape loops Found soundsFound sounds, recorded then modified , recorded then modified

with computer.with computer. Synthesized soundsSynthesized sounds: original sounds are : original sounds are

artificially created.artificially created.

What about this?What about this?

What type of music used tape loops?What type of music used tape loops?

What type of music used small patterns to What type of music used small patterns to create effects?create effects?

Modern ReviewModern Review

A time of musical experimentationA time of musical experimentation Electronic music becomes a main focusElectronic music becomes a main focus Atonality – Music without a tonal centerAtonality – Music without a tonal center Broken into CurrentsBroken into Currents

1.1. NeoclassicalNeoclassical

2.2. SerialismSerialism

3.3. MinimalismMinimalism

4.4. ElectronicElectronic

Modern Listening ExampleModern Listening Example

““Gentleman’s Honor”Gentleman’s Honor” By Phillip GlassBy Phillip Glass

Modern Music Categorize

Schoenberg’s Pierrot Lunaire, “Nacht”

Stravinsky’s Symphony in Three Movements or Aaron Copland’s Appalachian Spring

Stockhausen’s Gesang der Jünglinge (literally "Song of the Youths")

John Adam’s Shaker Loops

Creating Music!!!Creating Music!!!

We are going to experiment with We are going to experiment with Serialism!Serialism!

Each student will create a tone row Each student will create a tone row melody using all 12 notes of the scale. melody using all 12 notes of the scale. Remember to only use each note once. You Remember to only use each note once. You

are organizing them in any order that you are organizing them in any order that you want.want.

When you are finished you can play it for the When you are finished you can play it for the class on a keyboard.class on a keyboard.

May 12 Do Now


1. Define a tone row.2. What repeats small patterns and uses

drones in the background?3. Who is a composer of Minimalism

music?4. List the types of modern music.

The EndThe End

This ends our journey through the This ends our journey through the different time periods of music history. different time periods of music history.

This does not include current musical This does not include current musical styles from across the world, including styles from across the world, including popular music of our own country.popular music of our own country.

Music History Word Splash Using as many words here as possible,

write a letter to the students in the next rotation about what you learned about music history.

Polyphonic

Secular

Gregorian Chant

Sacred Unison

Chordal

Medieval

RenaissanceBaroque

Fugue

RondoClassical

RomanticProgram music Modern

SerialismTone Row

MinimalismMadrigal

Mass

Motet

Beethoven

Documents

8 th Grade Do Now: Sept. 14