8. Reso - Optimized Protocols and Software for High-PerformanceNetworks

Team: RESOScientific leader: P. Vicat-Blanc Primet

Evaluation 2006-2009

Web site: http://www.ens-lyon.fr/LIP/RESOParent Organisations: Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, University of Lyon 1, INRIA, CNRSTeam History: This research team is an INRIA project-team (EPI) which started in 2002. In 2007, the LIP RESO team integratedEric Fleury, nominated as ENS’s Professor, and his PhD students. Therefore RESO was renamed temporarly COMET. But in the nextperiod, thanks to the creation of the new INRIA D-NET team1 and as detailled in the present document, there will be again a strictbijection between the LIP RESO team and the EPI RESO

8.1 Team Composition

Current team members

Permanent ResearchersName First name Function Institution Arrival date

CHELIUS Guillaume Research Associate (CR2) INRIA 1/3/2009GELAS Jean-Patrick Associate Professor University of Lyon 1/10/2005GLUCK Olivier Associate Professor University of Lyon 1/10/2003GONÇALVES Paulo Research Associate (CR1) INRIA 1/3/2006GUERIN-LASSOUS Isabelle Professor University of Lyon 1/10/2006FLEURY Eric Professor ENS Lyon 1/10/2007LEFEVRE Laurent Research Associate (CR1) INRIA 1/10/2001VICAT-BLANC PRIMET Pascale Senior Researcher (DR2) INRIA 1/10/2005 (as DR)

Post-docs, engineers and visitors

Name First nameFunction and % of time (if otherthan 100%) Institution Arrival date

CHENIOUR Abderhaman Temporary Expert Engineer INRIA 15/7/2008

CEDEYN AurélienTemporary ENS Engineer(50%) ENSL 1/9/2006

DAHAL Manoj Post Doctorant INRIA 5/11/2008DIAS DE ASSUNCAO Marcos Post Doctorant INRIA 15/9/2009DRAMINITOS Emanouielli Post Doctorant INRIA 15/11/2008GOGA OANA Temporary Engineer INIRA 1/10/2008GREMILLET Olivier Post Doctorant INRIA 1/12/2008IBRAHIM Mouhamad Post Doctorant INRIA 5/1/2009

IMBERT MatthieuPermanent Research Engineer(40%) INRIA 1/9/2007

MARTINEZ Philippe Temporary Expert Engineer INRIA 1/10/2008

MIGNOT Jean-ChristophePermanent Research Engineer(50% ) CNRS 1/9/2000

MORNARD Olivier Temporary Expert Engineer INRIA 1/3/2007NUSSBAUM Lucas Temporary ATER UCBL 1/10/2008RAGON Augustin Temporary Expert Engineer INRIA 1/3/2009

Doctoral Students

Name First name InstitutionDate of first registrationas doctoral student

ANHALT Fabienne INRIA 1/10/2008

1http://www.ens-lyon.fr/LIP/D-NET/

153

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CHIS Andreea INRIA 1/10/2007GUICHARD Pierre-Solen INRIA 1/10/2008GUILLIER Romaric INRIA 1/10 2006HABLOT Ludovic MENRT 1/10/2006KOSLOVSKI Guilherme INRIA 1/10/2008LOISEAU Patrick MENRT (AC) 1/10/2006MON DIVAKARAN Dinil INRIA 1/4/2007ORGERIE Anne-Cecile MENRT 1/10/2008QINNA Wang MENRT 1/10/2008SOUDAN Sébastien MENRT 1/10/2006VANIER Rémi INRIA 1/10/2006

Past team members

Past Members Oct. 2005-Oct. 2009

Name First name PositionParent Institu-tion

Arrival date(or Oct.2005)

Departuredate

Current po-sition

PHAM Cong Duc Associate ProfessorUniversity ofLyon

01/10/2002 31/9/2005Prof. Univ.Pau

Past Doctoral students

Name First nameDate offirst regis-tration

Date of de-parture

InstitutionDoctoralschool

SupervisorCurrentposition

AYARI Narjees 2006 2008 FT R&D (Cifre)ED MathIF

P. V.B.Primet

Positionin privatecompany(SSII)

LAGANIER Julien 2003 2006 SUN (Cifre)ED MathIF

P. V.B.Primet

Senior Re-searcherNTTDoCoMo

GOGLIN Brice 2003 2006 CNRSED MathIF

P. V.B.Primet

Junior Re-searcher(CR1)INRIA

VERNOIS Antoine 2003 2006 ENS(ACI)ED MathIF

P. V.B.Primet andF. Desprez

Assist.Prof.Univ.Clermont-Ferrand

LOPEZ-PACHECO

Dino 2004 2007 Gouv MexicanED MathIF

Cong DucPham

Assist.Prof.Univ. Nice

Past post-doctoral researchers, engineers and visitors (greater than or equal to 3 months)

Name First name FunctionDate of ar-rival

Date of de-parture

Home Institution (ifappropriate)

Current position

ANCELIN Damien Expert Engineer 1/3/2007 1/3/2009 - No positionBAYKUT Süleyman Long Term Visitor 1/1/2008 31/10/2008 Univ. of Istanbul PhD studentBOZONNET Pierre Expert Engineer 1/1/2007 31/08/2008 EngineerCARRÃO Hugo Long Term Visitor 6/7/2008 31/12/2008 Univ. of Lisbon PhD studentCHEN Bin Bin Long Term Visitor 1/3/2005 31/9/2005 Univ. Singapore Post Doc CWI (NL)PASIN Marcelo Expert Engineer 15/11/2008 Univ. of Lisbon Associate Prof.

Evolution of the team:RESO attracted progressively different members coming from parent fields, specifically Paulo Gonçalves (CR1) (Signal processing andstatistical analysis), Prof. Isabelle Guerin Lassous (Wireless and ad hoc networks). This gived RESO the potential and the opportunityto recruit new PhD students and to participate to large scale collaborations with industry (INRIA-Bell Labs) and other research teams.For example, the collaboration with the SYSIPHE team (leaded by Patrice Abry) of the ENS’s Physics laboratory has been vivified.The arrival of Eric Fleury (dynamic networks) as ENS teacher in 2008 reinforced the Networking component of the LIP laboratory.Eric Fleury was a former member and the scientific leader of the INRIA project-team ARES. After integrating the LIP laboratory, Eric

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Fleury proposed to introduce a new research topic integrating its ARES experience on sensor networks and ENS potential in networkmeasurement, analysis and modelling. D-NET, a new project on dynamics networks has been elaborated. D-NET started as an INRIAproject in march 2009 and will be an independant LIP research team in the 2011-2014 period.

8.2 Executive summary

Keywords High Speed Networks, Quality of Service, Protocols, Network Services, Traffic Metrology, Energy efficiency, VirtualInfrastructures, Grid, Clouds, Future Internet.

Research area Wavelengths multiplexing and switching techniques on optical fibers allow core network infrastructures to rapidlyimprove their throughput, reliability and flexibility. These improvements have given the opportunity to create high-performancedistributed systems that aggregate storage and computational resources into an integrated computing environment. During adecade, a lot of researches and developments around the concepts of Grid, Utility computing and now Cloud Services haveunderlined the strenght of this approach. This trend will strongly influence the development of the Future Internet but raisesmajor research issues in networking and network services, requiring a new vision of the network and of the current Internetstack (TCP/IP). The coordination of networking, computing and storage requires the design, development and deployment ofnew resource management and sharing approaches to discover, reserve, co-allocate and reconfigure resources, as well as scheduleand control their usages. In the Future the network will not be only a black box providing pipes between edge machines, but willbecoming a vast cloud increasingly embedding huge and open ICT resources to meet the requirement of emerging applications.Future high-speed optical networks are addressed not only to support the accelerating and dynamic growth of data traffic butalso the new emerging network requirements such as fast and flexible provisioning, QoS levels, and fast recovery procedures ofsuch data-intensive applications. The use of networks for on-demand computing is now gaining in the large Internet, while theoptical transport layer extends to the edge (fiber to the home) enabling ultra-high-performance machine-to-machine or human-to-remote machine communications. One of the key challenges to be addressed for the large deployment of new challengingapplications and services in the Internet is the dynamic provisionning of a secure, flexible, transparent and high-performancetransport infrastructure. This future pervasive computing environment will rely not only on very high speed wired networkbut also on wireless systems. The Internet re-design raises the opportunity to better understand and assess higher-level systemrequirements, and use these as drivers of the lower layer architecture. In this process, mechanisms that are implemented todayas part of applications, may conceivably migrate into the network itself to bring it more flexibility, intelligence and autonomy.

Main goals The goal of our research is to provide analysis of the limitations of the current communication paradigms, network softwareand protocols designed for standard networks and traditional usages, and to propose innovative approaches, optimizations andassociated control mechanisms. RESO aims at providing software solutions but also original processes for high-performance andflexible communications on very-high-speed networking infrastructures and for an efficient exploitation of these infrastructures.These solutions must scale in increasing bandwidths, heterogeneity and number of flows and usages.RESO studies high-speed networks and their traffic characteristics, high-end applications requirements, creates open sourcecode, distributes it to the research community for evaluation and usage and help in shortening the wizard gap between networkexperts and novices. The long-term goal is also to contribute to the evolution of protocols, standards and networking equipments,prompting the introduction of metrology as an intrinsic component of high-speed networks. An important effort is naturallydedicated to the dissemination of these new approaches. During this period, it appeared crucial in the actual context thatefforts should also be spent on the investigation and understanding of wireless communications and related network complexity,dynamics, and scalability.To address some of these issues, our work follows four major research topics :

• 1: Optimized protocol implementations and networking equipements

• 2: Quality of Service and Transport layer for Future Networks

• 3: High-Speed Network’s traffic metrology, analysis and modelling

• 4: Network Services for high-demanding applications

• 5: Wireless communications

Methodology RESO’s approach relies on atight combination of theoretical and practical work. Our research framework at the interfaceof a specific network context (very high speed, optical technology) and a challenging application domain (Grids, Clouds) inducesa close interaction with both the underlying network level and the application level. Our methodology is based on a deepevaluation of the functionalities and performance of high-speed infrastructures and on a study of the high-end and originalrequirements before designing and analysing new solutions. RESO gathers expertise in the design and implementation ofadvanced high-performance cluster networks protocols, long-distance networks and Internet protocols architecture, distributedsystems and algorithms but also scheduling theory, optimization, queuing theory, and statistical analysis. This backgroundwork provides the context model for innovative protocols and software design and evaluation. Moreover, the proposals areimplemented and experimented on real or emulated local or wide area testbeds, with real conditions and large-scale applications,then transfered to the industry.

Highlights During this period, the RESO team had internationally visible contributions in the following fields:

• Network-resource sharing in very-high-speed networks with the work on Bulk Data Transfer Scheduling.

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• Dynamic bandwidth provisioning in Optical Networks with the work on SRV - network-resource scheduling, virtualizationand reconfiguration component in a service-oriented approach- and participation to OGF NSI WG. (Open Grid ForumNetwork Service Interface working group).

• Virtual private infrastructures orchestration and definition with the work on HIPerNET and VXDL (Virtual private execu-tion infrastructure description language).

• Sampling methods for characterizing heavy-tailed distributions in high-speed network traffic and experimental validationof the Taqqu theorem.

• Participation to the design, the development and visibility of the local and national GRID5000 instrument and to itsinternational optical interconnections to Netherland (DAS3) and Japan (Naregi) in collaboration with RENATER;

• Design and development of a metrology infrastructure Metroflux for fine-grained traffic monitoring in Grid5000 and traffic-analysis system dedicated to 10Gb/s speed links.

• Development of the SensLAB testbed a very large scale open wireless sensor network platform. SensLAB’s main andmost important goal is to offer an accurate and efficient scientific tool to help in the design, development, tuning, andexperimentation of real large-scale sensor network applications.

The other highlights of this period to be underlined are :

• the strong involvement in the creation of the INRIA-Bell Labs common laboratory and the active participation to theCARRIOCAS project of the Pôle de Compétitivité Ile de France. Indeed a large part of the research topics 2 and 3 isintegrated in the ADR (axe de recherche) Semantic Networking we are leading within the common INRIA Bell Labslaboratory. The motivation of our research work in the common lab is to build and to exploit the knowledge that comesalong with traffic. The goal is to act in a better way and to make better decisions at the router and network levels. Theknowledge that comes with the traffic is what we call the ‘semantics’ of the traffic. The main topics we are exploring in theresearch topic of the common laboratory ar: a) traffic identification and classification, b) traffic sampling, c) flow analysis,d), flow scheduling, e) sampling-based scheduling, e) flow-based routing.

• the increase of the theoretical dimension of our research with the arrival of Paulo Gonçalves and the close collaborationwith the MAESTRO team (INRIA Sophia Antipolis) member of the Joint laboratory. This reinforces the attractivity, thediversification,the impact and the visibility of the research team.

• the vision for the Grid Network and the Internet, we develop and disseminate since 2005, exemplified by the HIPerNETsolution for network virtualisation and the Bulk Data Transfer Scheduling concepts proning the introduction of the tem-poral dimension in the Internet. The Future Internet and the Cloud waves lead us to work on a startup project, winner ofthe OSEO emergence prize, which will commercialize our solution for virtual infrastructures orchestration, to make thisvision a reality for the Future Internet.

8.3 Research activities

8.3.1 Optimized Protocol implementations and networking equipements

List of participants: Narjess Ayari, Abderhaman Cheniour, Jean-Patrick Gelas, Olivier Glück, Laurent Lefèvre, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet,Jean-Christophe Mignot, Ludovic Hablot, Sébastien Soudan, Fabienne Anhalt, Olivier Mornard, Anne-Cécile Orgerie

Keywords Network devices virtualisation, energy efficiency, programmable network equipment, session awareness.

Scientific issues, goals, and positioning of the team: In this research topic we focus on the implementation and optimization of themechanisms and processes within networking devices to mainly address the following issues: flexibility, reliabililty and energycomsumption related to the communications in high demanding context.Since several years, virtualization of the operating system is used in end-systems to improve the security, isolation, reliability andflexibility of the environments. These mechanisms are a must in large-scale distributed system. In this research topic, we explorehow these mechanisms can be adapted and used in data transport networks, specifically in switching and routing equipments toincrease the security, isolation, reliability and flexibility.An other key enabling factor of new network services is programmability at every level; that is the ability for new softwarecapabilities to self-configure themselves over the network. We explore the concept, "dynamic programming enablers" for thedynamic service-driven configuration of communication resources.The third theme of this research topic concerns the integration of context-awareness functionality in the network equipments toaddress two important issues: reliabililty of communications and energy comsumption. Most of the Future Network servicesinvolve a session model based on multiple flows required for the signalling and for the data exchange, all along the session’slifespan. New service-aware dependable systems are more than ever required. Challenges to these models include the client andserver transparency, the low cost during failure free periods and the sustained performance during failures. Based on our workwith France Telecom RD we propose session-aware distributed network solutions integrated in a cluster-based network serverwhich support the reliability mandatory to operators services (VOIP). Finally, large-scale distributed systems (and more generallynext-generation Internet) are facing infrastructures and energy limitations (use, cooling etc.). In the context of monitored andcontrolled energy usage, we start to investigate energy-aware equipments and frameworks, which allow users and middleware toefficiently use large-scale distributed architectures.

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Major results Oct. 2006-Oct. 2009: We proposed a new network model combining end-host, server and router virtualization to offerisolated and malleable virtual networks of different types, owners and protocols, all sharing one physical infrastructure. To havea better insight in this potential and in its limits we conducted systematic analysis and experiments of the cost of end-host, serverand router virtualization. We have proposed a model of a virtual router we have implemented with XEN [746]. We start to studythe router migration problem [745].We designed an autonomic network equipment taking into account the specific requirements of active equipments in termsof dynamic service deployment, auto-settings, self-configuration, monitoring but also in terms of hardware specification (lim-ited resources, limited mechanical parts constraints, dimension constraints), reliability and fault tolerance. We proposed thearchitecture of an Industrial Autonomic Network Node (called (IAN2) deployable in industrial platforms [764, 691]. Theimplementation is based on our generic high-performance active network environment (Tamanoir).In order to improve autonomic service deployment in large scale networks, we designed and proposed the ANPI framework(Autonomic Network Programming Interface) currently used in the Autonomic Internet European Project.In collaboration with France Telecom RD (“Procédés de gestion de sessions multi-flux”, N. Ayari, D. Barbaron, L. Lefèvre,France Telecom RD Patent, June 2007), we propose session-aware distributed network solutions integrated in a cluster-basednetwork server which support the reliability mandatory to operators services (VOIP). [751, 750, 894, 749, 848, 754, 755, ?]Since 2007, we are exploring the challenges associated with energy usage of large scale distributed infrastructures (Grids, clouds,Future Internet). We are developing solutions to dynamically monitor and optimize energy usage in software frameworks andvalidate the solutions on the Grid5000 platform.This research axis is supported by the European FP7 STREP "Autonomic Internet" project (2008-2010), the European SSAproject “OGF-Europe”, the European COST Action IC0804 on “Energy efficiency in large scale distributed systems” (2009-2013), the “ANR Jeunes Chercheurs” Project “DSLLAB”, the INRIA ARC “GREEN-NET” (2008-2009), the Grid5000-ALADDIN Project and the PAI Fast Project with Queensland Univ. of Technology (2005-2006).

8.3.2 Quality of Service and Transport layer for Future Networks

List of Participants P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, Isabelle Guerin-Lassous, Laurent Lefèvre, Dino Lopez Pacheco, Sébastien Soudan, Ro-maric Guillier, Dinil Mon Divakaran, Guilherme Koslovski, Remi Vannier, Marcelo Pasin, Pierre Bozonnet

Keywords bandwidth sharing, quality of service , high speed transport protocols, flow scheduling.

Scientific issues, goals, and positioning of the team: The progression of traffic over Internet links is a remarkable trend of the lastyears. The bandwidth increases at the end-user level, and ISPs (for home use or enterprise) has radically changed the expec-tations of Internet users. High bandwidth requirements, like those generated by some peer-to-peer applications, or real-timeinteractive communications, like voice and video over IP, will play a significant part of the next generation Internet. The keyparadigm and condition of the stability of the current Internet is still, that, each Internet device cooperates for network resourcemanagement (i.e., congestion control). This cooperative sharing is implemented within the congestion control algorithm of theTCP protocol. But such a way of sharing resources in Internet, presents security risks and limits quality of service. In the future,it will be difficult to assume that all devices will cooperate. Moreover, the conservative behavior of TCP with respect to con-gestion in IP networks is at the heart of the current performance issues faced when the traffic load is highly dynamic. To solvethis problem, protocol enhancements and alternative congestion control mechanisms have been proposed for very-high-speedoptical networks, wireless networks and for multimedia applications (see PFLDNET conference series). Most of them are nowimplemented in current operating systems, but these protocols are not equivalent, not all of them are suitable for all environmentsand applications, and they may not cohabit well. For a couple of years, the evaluation and comparison of new transport protocolshave received an increasing amount of interest (see the IRTF TMRG and ICCRG groups). However, TCP and other alternativesare complex protocols with many user-configurable parameters, and a range of different implementations. Several aspects canbe studied, and various testing methods exist.To offer a better quality of experience in Future networks, we argue that some network-resource control has to be associatedwith the end-to-end flow-control approach. We proposed to investigate the temporal dimension of the Internet and to address thecontrol timescale (control plane) in the context of Future Internet not only for performance, but also for flexibility, manageabilityand security purposes.Moreover, we have shown that the routers-assisted protocols providing Explicit Rate Notification (ERN protocols) providehigher fairness level and avoid congestion better than End-to-End (E2E) protocols (e.g., TCP-based protocols). However, theabsence of inter-operability of ERN protocols with the non-ERN routers (like the DropTail routers) and the E2E congestioncontrol protocols (like TCP) prevent the deployed of ERN protocols in current networks. In order to solve the problems ofinter-operability of ERN protocols with non-ERN routers, we have proposed a solution which detects the set of non-ERN routerbetween two ERN routers, estimates the available bandwidth in that set of non-ERN routers, and creates a virtual router thatcomputes a feedback reflecting the estimated available bandwidth. Regarding the inter-operability problems of ERN protocolswith E2E protocols, we have proposed a solution which provides friendliness between both kind of protocols. The mechanismsimplemented by our friendliness solution can be divided in two steps. First, our solution estimates the resources needed by theERN and E2E protocols in terms of bandwidth. Later, our friendliness solution randomly drops packets belonging to the E2Eflows, with a probability updated on base of the results found in the first step. Since the success of ERN protocols depends onthe information about the state of the network provided by the routers (the feedback), in this thesis we have studied the behaviorof ERN protocols in scenarios where a percentage of the feedback has been lost. Such studies show that feedback losses innetworks with VBE may lead to a chaotic behavior of ERN flows.

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Major results Oct. 2006-Oct. 2009: (5 to 10 lines)During this period we activelly contributed to the collective methodological effort towards a benchmark design for high speedtransport protocols comparison. We proposed scenarii, experiment deployment tools (NXE) and testbed for these studies(Grid’5000 and Metroflux). This work has been done in the context of Romaric Guillier’s PhD, ANR IGTMD and of ourassociated team with AIST in Japan.Alternative bandwidth sharing approach have also been investigated. Flow scheduling [766], based on the in-advance knowledgeof the resource requirement of an application or online estimation of these requirements has been studied. Signaling or real-timeflow analysis as well as scalability issues have been explored. Distributed and lagrangian relaxation-based solution for bandwidthsharing is also investigated. This approach addresses well the dynamic feature, due to node mobility or traffic variation.We studied the interactions of components required to accomplish the tasks of bandwidth reservation, path computation andnetwork signaling and propose to extend the control-plane and introduce dynamicity in network resource reservation in a networkservice plane. These results have been obtained in the context of Sebastien Soudan’s PhD, FP6 EC-GIN projet, our collaborationswith the G-Lambda Project (Japan) and with Alcatel-Lucent in the CARRIOCAS project (System@tic).We have proposed a new architecture for Explicit Rate Notification protocols which improves the responsiveness and the ro-bustness of ERN flows in networks with VBE and feedback losses. The set of mechanisms and proposed solutions have beenimplemented and validated on the eXplicit Control Protocol (XCP : XCP-f, XCPr, XCP-i).Concerning the theme bandwidth sharing, we have designed some bandwidth sharing solutions. These solutions are intendedeither for wireless local networks or for grids and clouds. We study the bandwidth reservation problem for bulk data transfersin grid networks. We model grid networks as a set of distributed sites interconnected by network with potential bottlenecks,and transfer requests arrive online with specified volumes and deadlines. The model is based on network-resources reservationsto support the delivery of deterministic performance to end users. We also worked on control planes to allow the automaticconfiguration of network equipments, in order to add or remove paths between sites or nodes and propose a model for multilayernetworks with advance reservation of paths. We explored sender-side rate limitation problem and developped a solution incollaboration with our associated team at Grid Technology Research Center (AIST, Japan) Sebastien Soudan visited in 2007.For the transport protocol topic, we collaborated with pfldnet community and IRTF (ICCRG and TMRF). The topic on bandwidthsharing has been supported by the European EC-GIN project and AEOLUS projects. The last topic is developed in closecollaboration with Bell Labs (Alcatel-Lucent) and ANAGRAN. It is funded by the INRIA-Bell Labs laboratory. In this direction,we also collaborate intensively with the EPI MAESTRO who are involved in the "Semantic Networking" topic.

8.3.3 High Speed Network’s traffic metrology and statistical analysis

List of Participants Paulo Gonçalves, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, Matthieu Imbert, Damien Ancelin, Patrick Loiseau

Keywords Traffic measurement and modelling, statistical analysis, multifractal, wavelets

Scientific issues, goals, and positioning of the team: Metrology (i.e. the deployment of a series of tools allowing the collecting ofrelevant information regarding the system’s status) of wide-area computer networks , is a recently-introduced discipline in thecontext of networks, that undergoes constant developments. In a nutshell, this activity consists in measuring along time, thenature and the amount of exchanged information between the constituents of a system. It is then a matter of using the collecteddata to forecast the network load’s evolution, so as to anticipate congestion, and more widely, to guarantee a certain Quality ofService, optimizing resources usage and protocols design.From a statistical signal-processing viewpoint, collected traces correspond to (multivariate) time series principally characterizedby non-properties: non-gaussianity, non-stationarity, non-linearities, absence of a characteristic time scale (scale invariance).Our research activity undertakes the development of reliable signal-analysis tools aimed at identifying these (non-)properties inthe specific context of computer network traffic. In the course, we intend to clarify the importance of granularity of measure-ments.Another challenge in network metrology is the effectiveness of packet sub-sampling. It means, to collect only a fraction of theoverall traffic (supposedly redundant), and to study the possibility of inferring from that partial measurement, the most completeinformation about the system. Non-trivial questions – such as which fraction, which sub-sampling rule, adaptativity of this latter,smart sampling, statistical inference – open up a broad scope of investigation.In this research topic, we focus on the two following questions:

• how does the traffic’s statistical properties really impact Quality of Service (QoS)?

• how to identify and to classify, in real time, transiting flows, according to a sensible typology?

Within the framework of the common laboratory between INRIA and Alcatel-Lucent, axis, "Semantic networking" brings in anew field of metrology research in RESO.Tools for measuring the end-to-end performance of a path between two hosts are very important for transport protocol anddistributed application performance optimization. Bandwidth evaluation methods aim to provide a realistic view of the rawcapacity but also to characterize the dynamic behavior of an interconnection, a valuable factor for estimating the transfer timeof bulk data. Existing methods differ according to the measurements strategies and the evaluated metrics. These methods canbe active or passive, intrusive or non-intrusive. Non-intrusive active approaches, based on lived packet trains or packet pairsprovide available bandwidth measurements and/or total capacity measurement. None of the proposed tools, based on thesemethods, enable the evaluation of these two metrics, while giving an overview of the link’s topology and characteristics.

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A metrology activity including data processing, statistical inference, time series, and stochastic processes analysis, was deemedimportant to embed in the main research realm of RESO. Our goal is for these analyses to become in the near future a plaincomponent not only in the study and in the development of infrastructures and computing networks, but also in real-timeresources identification and management.

Major results Oct. 2006-Oct. 2009:Most achievements in this area lean against the PhD work of P. Loiseau. From 2006 to 2008, we considerably invested in thedevelopment of our metrology plateform MetroFlux. Our main concern was to guarantee sufficient reliability to support ourfuture experimental research, and the great investment that has been granted to Grid5000 has been profitably used providingus with a high-performance and quite novel experimental setup to confront the proposed theoretical models with real trafficmeasurements. MetroFlux gave rise to several presentations in international events [801, 862, 864].The first theorem we empirically validated with our plate-form was the relationship that bonds the tail index of a heavy-tailedflow size distribution, to the long range dependence property of the corresponding aggregated traffic. Up to our study, thistheorem originally derived by Taqqu et al., had never really been corroborated on a real, large-scale network facility, undervery general and fully controlled conditions. Originality of our work deserved it to be published as a regular paper in the IEEEtransaction on networking [693]. In parallel, we started in 2008 a theoretical work on the maximum likelihood estimation of theheavy-tail index of flow size distributions, from packet sampled traffic traces. The difficulty dwells in the sampling process itselfthat yields a doubly censured data with respect to the flow size and to the flow population. Yet, we were able to derive the closeformed expression of an original estimator, that we presented at SigMetrics 2009 [800]. Since the beginning of 2009, we areinterested in Markov models for TCP traffic, and more specifically we revisited the multifractal analysis of these latter. We wereled to propose a new large deviation principle adapted to the additive increase, multiplicative decrease behavior of instantaneousTCP throughputs. This is an ongoing work, in joint collaboration with J. Barral from the Sisyphe INRIA team-project.

8.3.4 Network Services for high-demanding applications

List of Participants Olivier Gluck, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, Laurent Lefèvre, Sébastien Soudan, Romaric Guillier, Ludovic Hablot,Marcelo Pasin, Pierre Bozonnet, Lucas Nussbaum, Aurélien Cedeyn, Oana Goga, Manoj Dahal, Olivier Mornard

Keywords Network services, Bandwidth on Demand, Grid5000, MPI, Grids, Clouds

Scientific issues, goals, and positioning of the team: The purpose of Computational Grids was initially to aggregate a large collec-tion of shared resources (computing, communication, storage, information) to build an efficient and very-high-performancecomputing environment for data-intensive or computing-intensive applications. But generally, the underlying communicationinfrastructure of these large-scale distributed environments is a complex interconnection of multi-IP domains with non-controlledperformance characteristics. Consequently the Grid Network cloud exhibits extreme heterogeneity in performance and reliabilitythat considerably affects the global application performance.In strong interaction with the three fundamentals axes, this axis focuses on the application of the solutions to the grid context andon their implementation in a real environment such as the national research instrument Grid5000. Indeed, we believe that theprecise structure of future applications and services is difficult to design without building large-scale instruments and systemsfor real use based on real and efficient hardware. Therefore, in this research topic we develop prototypes and deploy them withinthe Grid5000 testbed. For example, we design special measurement and routing systems at the edge of each Grid5000 site toexplore new approaches or difficult problems alike. Topics that are investigated in this axis strongly focus on the usage and theevolution of the Grid5000 instrument:

• Studies on the interactions of the MPI and the transport layer in wide area networks,

• Design, development and evaluation of a dynamic bandwidth provisionning service,

• Studies on the virtual private execution infrastructure concept for grid and cloud computing environments.

• Large-scale deployment and evaluation of a high-speed network measurement infrastructure.

Major results Oct. 2006-Oct. 2009: Thanks to systematic experiments on the behavior of MPI in large-scale environments, we mergeoptimizations of current implementations and propose new optimizations in the communication layers in order to execute moreefficiently MPI applications on the Grid. We also study the impact of using the TCP protocol for WAN communications (inter-site communications in the grid) and its interactions with MPI applications [786]. We have proposed a new transparent layercalled MPI5000 and placed between MPI and TCP allowing application composed of several tasks to be correctly distributed onavailable node regarding the grid topology and the application scheme.In the CARRIOCAS project of the pôle Ile de France System@tic we explored optical resource provisionning and optimalbandwidth sharing services in the context of a 40Gb/s, dynamically-provisionable network. We developed the SRV software fordynamic network service scheduling and reconfiguration.In the Grid 5000 testbed, responsible for the networking aspects we have adapted the Metroflux environment to deliver a networkmeasurement service. Through the European EC-GIN project we worked on the Bulk Data Transfer Scheduling approach. Wedeployed it in Grid5000 and extend it to the Internet.Through the ANR IGTMD project, we collaborated with the LCG and real physicists. A dedicated link deployed between IN2P3(one of the largest computing center in France) and the FermiLab laboratory in Chicago, enables us to perform transport protocolexperiments as well as traffic capture.

160 Part 8. Reso

Through the ANR HIPCAL project, RESO collaborates with biology and medical imaging applications (I3S, IBCP) to design anddevelop the HIPerNet framework. We propose to combine network and system virtualization with cryptographic identificationand SPKI/HIP principles to help the user communities to build and share their own resource reservoirs. The HIPerNet frameworkenabling the creation and the management of customized confined execution environments in a large scale context implementsa agile virtual network solution and a distributed security approach.This research direction is mainly supported by FP6 EC-GIN grant, Grid’5000-ALADDIN initiative, CARRIOCAS project ,HIPCAL project, JSPS-NEGST project, the DSLAB and OGF-Europe projects.

8.3.5 Wireless Communications

List of participant: Guillaume Chelius, Andreea Chis, Eric Fleury, Qinna Wang

Keywords: wireless network, sensor network, cross layer

Scientific issues, goals, and positionning of the team:This future pervasive computing environment will rely not only on very high speed wired network but also on two kind ofwireless systems. The former will connect the world everywhere through broadband access links thanks to future 4G systemsand mesh networks. The later, namely sensor networks, will make all objects able to communicate and to interact with theirenvironment. While the former needs high data rate through efficient distributed resource sharing policies and multiple antennasuse, the later needs low energy interfaces, miniaturization and robustness. Cooperation – between multiple modes, antennas,nodes – is the technological key to face all these challenging issues.It appears crucial in the actual context that large efforts should be spent on the investigation and understanding of networkcomplexity, dynamics, and scalability.Such effort should be done on the understanding of actual wireless protocols (from MAC to transport), on the behavior of suchprotocols in wireless networks, and hybrid architecture combining both wireless meshes and heterogeneous wire backbone.From a theoretical point of view, there is an important need of generic and powerful models in order to characterize the existingnetworks, in order to better understand the laws and behaviors of large scale networks.Moreover, such theoretical tools should help in the design and validation of a new architecture. Research and developmentefforts to improve the networking theory should be strongly multi-disciplinary: discrete mathematical approach and combina-torics (random graphs), probabilistic approach (spatial processes), information theory (network coding), performance analysis(stochastic processes)... The behavior of wireless links is totally different from wired ones and models must take into accountthe intrinsic characteristic of the radio medium and should not treat a “wireless link” as a rigid input not evolving over time interms of performance.

Major results Sept 2007 -Oct 2009: We adopt a “pragmatic” standpoint. Whenever it’s possible we want to propose a mathematicalrepresentation of the dynamics of the protocols, from which one could predict and optimize the resulting behavior and boundson the scalability:

• Modeling of wireless networks. We have been deeply involved in the research and design of distributed clusteringalgorithm and virtual backbone in wireless networks. We used Stochastic geometry and the theory of point processesin this context to show bounds on the behavior of our proposed solutions. Stochastic geometry is particularly useful inwireless networks since planar or spatial components are present. We have integrate in such model a better representationof interferences. The goal is to study for example the impact of interferences on neighbor discovery protocols, on thecapacity of wireless network and provide a powerful theoretical framework to analyze protocols.

• Performance evaluation tools for wireless networks. There are mainly three ways to evaluate the performances ofa wireless networks or a new protocol: simulation, experiments and theoretical tools. All these strategies were usedaccording to the level of details we need and/or the complexity of the problem. Theoretical tools like stochastic processand Markov chains remain an efficient tools to cope with performance evaluation. We have also use simulator tools andmore precisely we promote the WSNet simulator developped internaly. WSNet is dedicated to wireless multi hop networks and integrates very accurate radio models (propagation, modulation).

• Activity Scheduling and QoS. Wireless networks could be used for critical applications like emergency services andenvironmental monitoring since they have a huge potential added value. Most of the time, energy constraints appear to bea very difficult challenge since wireless nodes are battery operated. Although duty cycling can save power, it also disruptsnetworks performance. Duty cycling introduces sleep latency: the data sampled by a source node during its sleep periodhave to be queued until the active period; and an intermediate node has to wait until the next hop wakes up to forward thepacket. Duty cycling can also introduce link disconnections, which might cause network partitions: one end node, say x, ofa link cannot communicate to the other end, say y, along this link if, no slot is scheduled in which x is allowed to transmitand y is allowed to receive; e.g., no slot is scheduled in which both nodes are active. Our research aims to save energyfor general communication by scheduling nodes’ duty cycles while preserving communication connectivity and boundingpacket latency. Our goal is thus to ensure robustness in terms of reliability and fault-tolerance for the communications ofspontaneous networks but also to ensure temporal constraints in a spontaneous network.

• Data Aggregation & Processing. Data aggregation has been put forward as an essential paradigm for wireless routingin sensor networks. The idea is to combine the data coming from different sources enroute –eliminating redundancy,minimizing the number of transmissions and thus saving energy. This paradigm shifts the focus from the traditional

§8.5 Optimized Protocols and Software for High-Performance Networks 161

address-centric approaches for networking (finding short routes between pairs of addressable end-nodes) to a more data-centric approach (finding routes from multiple sources to a single destination that allows in-network consolidation ofredundant data). We have study approaches designed by the P2P community by taking into account the broadcastingcharacteristic of the medium.

• Sensor Network TestbedWe have proposed as Prime Leader SensLAB, a very ambitious project with several partners (LIP6 - University Pierre &MArie Curie, INRIA ASAP, INRIA POPS, LSIIT - University of Strasbourg and Thales). The purpose of the SensLABproject is to deploy a very large scale open wireless sensor network platform. SensLAB’s main and most important goal isto offer an accurate and efficient scientific tool to help in the design, development, tuning, and experimentation of reallarge-scale sensor network applications. Ambient and sensor networks have recently emerged as a premier research topic.Sensor networks are a promising approach and a multi-disciplinary venture that combines computer networks, signal pro-cessing, software engineering, embedded systems, and statistics on the technology side. On the scientific applications side,it covers a large spectrum: safety and security of buildings or spaces, measuring traffic flows, environmental engineering,and ecology, to cite a few. Sensor networks will also play an essential role in the upcoming age of pervasive computing asour personal mobile devices will interact with sensor networks dispatched in the environment.

The SensLAB platform is distributed among 4 sites and is composed of 1,024 nodes. Each location hosts 256 sensor nodeswith specific characteristics in order to offer a wide spectrum of possibilities and heterogeneity. The four test beds arehowever be part of a common global test bed as several nodes have global connectivity such that it will be possible toexperiment a given application on all 1K sensors at the same time.SensLAB is a unique scientific tool for the research on wireless sensor networks.

This research direction is mainly supported by FP6 IP MOSAR, ANR SensLAB, ADT SensTOOL projects. The SensLAB projectprovide resources.

8.4 Application domains and social or economic impact

RESO applies its research to the domains of high-end applications and distributed computing, in particular to Grid and Cloud commu-nications. Its results have an impact on science and advance industry with the grid computing approach and on Internet infrastructureeconomy with the new software architecture for dynamic and programmable networks. Grid computing aims at bringing togetherlarge collection of geographically distributed resources (e.g., computing, storage, visualization, etc.) to build on demand very-high-performance computing environments for compute- and data-intensive applications. These large-scale cybernetic infrastructures gainincreasing attention from a broad range of actors: from research communities to large companies that have high numerical simulationsneeds. Whereas grids have been widely in use in the scientific community, they are now moving into the commercial environmentthrough the concept of Cloud computing solutions. Cloud computing fits a recentralization scenario which offers suitable businessand security model for large-scale distributed resource sharing. Telecommunication operators (telcos), network equiment designer andcomputer providers owning the pervasive communication and computing infrastructure benefit from our fundamental and practicalresearch. Telcos are now moving toward infrastructure sharing and cloud computing. Different scenarios for telcos are envisionedand investigated: telcos (1) deploy grids and clouds internally, e.g. for rapid dynamic service provisioning to new customers; (2) linkdifferent grid sites and data centers via VPNs; (3) act as an infrastructure service broker. We are exploring these different scenariiwith our industrial partners. Researches conducted these last years reveal that grid technology raises new challenges in terms of net-work optimization, of protocol architecture, and of transport paradigms. We believe that a broad deployment of the optical, grid andcloud technologies can modify and influence the design of the Future Internet, may have a strong impact on the economy and will freecreativity around innovative services and applications.

• RESO pursues the construction of an international community around Grid networks through the European EC-GIN project aswell as with the OGF networking community.

• Through the ANR IGTMD project, RESO collaborates with the LCG and real physicists. A dedicated link deployed betweenIN2P3 (one of the largest computing center in France) and the FermiLab laboratory in Chicago, enables us to perform transportprotocol experiments as well as traffic capture.

• RESO brings its expertise in Grids and Grid Networking to the CARRIOCAS project of the pôle Ile de France System@tic. Thiscollaboration enables us to explore the limits and the advantages of our previous results in the context of a 40Gb/s, dynamically-provisionable network.

• Through the ANR HIPCAL project, RESO collaborates with biology and medical imaging large scale distributed applications.

• RESO work on fundamental aspects of the Future Internet with Bell Labs Alcatel-Lucent.

• The knowledge and software developed by the RESO team, meeting the emergence of the virtualized infrastructure paradigm,naturally pushed the idea of a startup project. RESO is now transfering the most promising tools elaborated during this lastperdiod to its borning LinKTiss startup.

162 Part 8. Reso

8.5 Visibility and Attractivity

8.5.1 Prizes and Awards

People Awarded:

• OSEO Emergence, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, National Prize for a startup project, 2009 (33Ke)

• Marconi Young Scholar, Sebastien Soudan, International Prize for the 4 best PhD student in Telecoms, 2009 (4Ke)

Awarded communications:

• SIGMETRICS 2009, P. Loiseau, R. Guillier, O. Goga, M. Imbert, P. Gonçalves, Y. Kodama, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, AutomatedNetwork Traffic measurements and analysis in Grid5000. Best demonstration award.

• ICNS 2009, F. Anhalt, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, Network virtualisation, Best paper award.

• JDIR 2009, C. Sarr, S. Khalfallah and I. Guérin Lassous, Gestion dynamique de la bande passante dans les réseaux ad hocmulti-sauts, Best Paper Award.

• Anne-Cécile Orgerie and Laurent Lefèvre. Towards a Green Grid5000. Best presentation award of the Grid5000 school, April2009.

• JDIR 2007, C. Sarr, C. Chaudet, G. Chelius and I. Guérin Lassous, Amélioration de la précision pour l’estimation de la bandepassante résiduelle dans les réseaux ad hoc basés sur IEEE 802.11, Selected among the three best papers.

• CFIP 2006, T. Razafindralambo, I. Guérin Lassous, L. Iannone and S. Fdida, Aggrégation Dynamique de Paquets pour résoudrel’Anomalie de Performance des Réseaux Sans fil IEEE 802.11, Second best paper.

Chairing and organization of conferences:

• ACM PE-WASUN 2009, 2008, 2007, 2006, I. Guérin Lassous, PC co-chair

• ACM MobiHoc 2009, I. Guérin Lassous, Poster chair

• IEEE BroadNet 2009, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, PC co-chair

• CSA 2009, Laurent Lefèvre, Track co-chair

• GADA2009, Laurent Lefèvre, Program Comittee Co-Chair

• E2GC2, Laurent Lefèvre, Workshop co-chair and organizer

• Parco 2009, Laurent Lefèvre, Local Co-Organizer

• IEEE HPCC-09, Laurent Lefèvre, General co-chair

• HPPAC 2009, Laurent Lefèvre, Workshop Co-Chair

• Pfldnet 2008, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, PC co-chair

• ACM GridNets 2008, 2006, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, PC co-chair

• EuroPar 2008, 2007, Eric Fleury, Topic co-chair.

• GridNets 2007, Paulo Gonçalves, local chair

• PDCAT’08, Laurent Lefèvre, Tutorial and workshop chair

• IEEE CCGrid 2008, Laurent Lefèvre, General chair

• ResCom 2007, summer school, I. Guérin Lassous, Scientific Committee

• EuroPar2007, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, Topic co-chair.

• IEEE T2PWSN, Eric Fleury, general chair

• MSN 2007, Eric Fleury, PC vice-chair

• GridNets2007, Laurent Lefèvre, Workshop and sponsor chair

• DSC2007, Laurent Lefèvre, Workshop co-chair

• WONS 2006, I. Guérin Lassous, General co-chair

• IEEE/ACM HPDC 2006, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, Workshop Chair

• HPCC06, Laurent Lefèvre, PC co-chair.

• ICPS 2006, Laurent Lefèvre, PC co-Chair

• GAN06, Laurent Lefèvre, Workshop co-chair

• DSM2006, Laurent Lefèvre, Workshop co-chair

8.5.2 Contribution to the Scientific Community

Administration of Professional Societies

• Open Grid Forum, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, Data Transport Research Group co-chair

§8.5 Optimized Protocols and Software for High-Performance Networks 163

Editorial Boards

• Computer Communications, Elsevier, I. Guérin Lassous

• Ad Hoc Networks, Elsevier, I. Guérin Lassous

• Discrete Mathematics and Theoretical Computer Science, I. Guérin Lassous

• Performance Evaluation, Elsevier, I. Guérin Lassous, Guest Editor of Special issue on on "Performance Evaluation of WirelessAd Hoc, Sensor, and Ubiquitous Networks".

• Future Generation Computer Systems (FGCS), Elsevier, Pascale Vicat-Blanc, Guest Editor of Special issue on "High Perfor-mance Protocols and Grid services" [695]

• Computer Networks (COMNET), Elsevier, Pascale Vicat-Blanc, Guest editor of a special issue on "Hot Topics in Protocols forvery long distance networks" [890]

• Future Generation Computer Systems (FGCS), Elsevier, Pascale Vicat-Blanc, Guest Editor of Special issue on "High SpeedNetworks for Grid Applications"

• Future Generation Computer Systems (FGCS), Elsevier, C. Pham, Guest editor for Special issue on "Grid Infrastructures: Prac-tice and Perspectives" [887].

• Annals of Telecoms C. Pham has been co-editor with G. Leduc of a special issue of Annals of Telecoms on "Transport protocolsfor Next Generation Networks".

• Annals of Telecoms P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, Guest Editor of a special issue on "Grid, Cloud and Utility computing".

• Journal of System and Software, Laurent Lefèvre, Guest Editor of a Special issue on Pervasive Services [886]

• Lecture Notes in Computer Science P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, Guest Editor

• "Scaling, Fractals and Wavelets", John Whiley Ed., P. Gonçalves, co-editor.

Organisation of Conferences and Workshops

• Parco 2009, Laurent Lefèvre

• IEEE/ACM CCGrid2008, Laurent Lefèvre

• ACM GridNets 2008, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet

• Workshop serie Distributed Shared Memory on Clusters (DSM) within IEEE International Symposium on Cluster Computingand the Grid (CCGrid), Laurent Lefèvre.

• Workshop serie Grid and Advanced Networks in CCGrid, Laurent Lefèvre and Pascale Vicat-Blanc.

• MetroGrid workshop within ACM GridNets 2007, P. Gonçalves.

Program committee members

• ITC, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, 2009

• IEEE/ACM CCGrid, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, 2009, 2008

• ITCSS, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, 2009

• CFIP, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, 2009, 2008, 2007

• ISWCS, I. Guérin Lassous, 2009

• MedHocNet, I. Guérin Lassous, 2009, 2008, 2006

• HotMesh, I. Guérin Lassous, 2009

• VTC-Spring, I. Guérin Lassous, 2009

• PerSens, I. Guérin Lassous, 2009, 2008, 2007, 2006

• ICDCN, I. Guérin Lassous, 2009, 2008

• IEEE VTC, Eric Fleury, 2009

• IEEE PERCOM, Eric Fleury, 2009

• IEEE ICC, Eric Fleury, 2009

• COMSNET, Eric Fleury, 2009

• IEEE/IFIP EUC, Eric Fleury, 2009

• PDCAT, Laurent Lefèvre, 2009

• MGC, Laurent Lefèvre, 2009, 2008

• IEEE SuperComputing, Laurent Lefèvre, 2009, 2006

• NSS, Laurent Lefèvre, 2009

164 Part 8. Reso

• CFSE, Laurent Lefèvre, 2009

• Renpar, Laurent Lefèvre, 2009

• ICCN, Laurent Lefèvre, 2009

• IEEE/ACM HPDC, Laurent Lefèvre, 2009, 2008, 2007

• ICCS, Laurent Lefèvre, 2009, 2008

• HotP2P, Laurent Lefèvre, 2009, 2008, 2007, 2006

• IEEE/ACM CCGrid, Laurent Lefèvre, 2009

• DAGRES, Laurent Lefèvre, 2009

• AusGrid, Laurent Lefèvre, 2009, 2008

• EuroNF Netcoop, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, 2008, 2007

• ACM GridNets, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, 2008, 2007, 2006

• PFLDNET, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, 2008

• OPODIS, I. Guérin Lassous, 2008

• VTC-Fall, I. Guérin Lassous, 2008

• Algotel, I. Guérin Lassous, 2008, 2007, 2006

• IFIP Networking, I. Guérin Lassous, 2008, 2007

• IFIP NETWORKING, Eric Fleury, 2008

• IEEE PIMRC, Eric Fleury, 2008,

• IEEE DCOSS, Eric Fleury, 2008,

• COMSWARE, Eric Fleury, 2008, 2007

• ADHOC NOW, Eric Fleury, 2008

• RenPar, O. Glück, 2008

• IEEE/ACM CCGrid, O. Glück, 2008

• ACM GridNets, O. Glück, 2008

• IEEE/ACM HPDC, O. Glück, 2008

• AHEMA, Laurent Lefèvre, 2008

• DFMA, Laurent Lefèvre, 2008, 2007, 2006

• Euro PVMMPI, Laurent Lefèvre, 2008, 2007, 2006

• PGrid, Laurent Lefèvre, 2008

• ICA3PP, Laurent Lefèvre, 2008

• HPPAC, Laurent Lefèvre, 2008, 2007

• Europar, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, 2007

• HPCC, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, 2007

• SSS, I. Guérin Lassous, 2007

• ACM MSWiM, I. Guérin Lassous, 2007, 2006

• ACM MobiHoc, I. Guérin Lassous, 2007, 2006

• Localgos, I. Guérin Lassous, 2007

• ACM SANET, Eric Fleury, 2007

• ACM DIALM, Eric Fleury, 2007

• IEEE Statistical Signal Processing (SSP), Paulo Gonçalves, 2007

• GADA, Laurent Lefèvre, 2007

• IEEE/ACM Grid, Laurent Lefèvre, 2007

• Chinacom, Laurent Lefèvre, 2007

• CODS, Laurent Lefèvre, 2007

• ISPDC, Laurent Lefèvre, 2007

• INFOSCALE, Laurent Lefèvre, 2007

• VECPAR, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, 2006

• IEEE/ACM Grid, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, 2006

§8.5 Optimized Protocols and Software for High-Performance Networks 165

• HPDC, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, 2006

• Communication Network Journal, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, 2006

• Parallel letter, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, 2006

• JPDC, Calculateurs Parallèles, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, 2006

• Techniques et Sciences Informatiques, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, 2006

• ICLAN, I. Guérin Lassous, 2006

• LOCAN, I. Guérin Lassous, 2006

• 1st International Conference on Ad-Hoc Networking, I. Guérin Lassous, 2006

• FAWN, I. Guérin Lassous, 2006

• e Science, Laurent Lefèvre, 2006

• IEEE/ACM Grid, Laurent Lefèvre, 2006

• ICPP, Laurent Lefèvre, 2006

• CSNDSP, Laurent Lefèvre, 2006

Participation in steering committees

• IEEE/ACM CCGrid conference, Laurent Lefèvre, since 2004

• ACM GridNets, Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet, since 2006

• PFLDNET workshop serie, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, since 2005

• ICPS, Laurent Lefèvre since 2006

• IWAN, Laurent Lefèvre since 2005

International expertise

• European Committee, FP6, program 2.6.2, I. Guérin Lassous, 2006.

• PhD examining boards, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet : Guillaume Jourjon (University of Sydney, reviewer, 2007), F. Dijkstra (Univer-sity of Amsterdam, reviewer 2009)

• PhD examining boards, Laurent Lefèvre : Lakshmi Priya (Anna University, Chennai, India, reviewer, 2009), Frank Chiang(University of Technology, Sydney, Australia, reviewer, 2008), Sylvain Martin (University of Liège, Belgium, examinator,2007), Bruno Volckaert (University of Gent, Belgium, reviewer, 2006)

• PhD examining boards, I. Guérin Lassous : Sandrine Calomme (University of Liège, Belgium, reviewer, 2009), Lars Landmark(Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway, first opponent, 2009)

National expertise

• ANR, Jeune chercheur, Eric Fleury, janvier 2009

• AERES, LSIIT evaluation, I. Guérin Lassous, January 2008.

• CNU, I. Guérin Lassous, since September 2007.

• ANR, VERSO, Eric Fleury, mars 2009, mars 2008, mars 2007

• ANR, Telecom, Member of Evaluation Commission, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, 2006

• ANR, Technologies Logicielles, P. Gonçalves, 2006

• CNRS, Networks and Telecoms, Pascale Vicat-Blanc, since 2005

• CNRS, Networks and Telecoms, Eric Fleury, since 2005

• INRIA CR2 Chair of the board of examiners for recruitments of Chargés de Recherche CR2 of the Rhône-Alpes CRI, P.Vicat-Blanc Primet, 2006, 2007, 2008

• HDR examining boards, Isabelle Guérin Lassous: Fethi Filali (University Nice Sophia-Antipolis, reviewer, 2008), FabricePeyrard (University of Toulouse, reviewer, 2008), Jean-Marie Gorce (INSA Lyon, examinator, 2007).

• PhD examining boards, Isabelle Guérin Lassous, 2006: Luigi Iannone (Paris 6), Dang Quan Nguyen (Paris 6 - reviewer),Fanilo Harivelo (La Réunion - reviewer), Nathalie Mitton (INSA Lyon, supervisor). item PhD examining boards, IsabelleGuérin Lassous, 2007: Vincent Untz (INPG, reviewer), Yacine Khaled (UTC, reviewer), Sylvain Allio (INSA de Rennes,reviewer), Farid Benbadis (University Paris 6, chair) ; Tahiry Razafindralambo (INSA Lyon, supervisor), Cheik Sarr (INSALyon, supervisor)

166 Part 8. Reso

• PhD examining boards, Isabelle Guérin Lassous, 2008: Golnaz Karbaschi (Paris 6 - reviewer), David Samper (INPG - reviewer),Thomas Watteyne (INSA Lyon - examinator), Farid Ben Abdesslem (Paris 6 - reviewer), Yann Busnel (Rennes 1 - examinator),Carine Toham (INPG - reviewer), Yoan Pigné (Havre - chair);

• PhD examining boards, Isabelle Guérin Lassous, 2009: Despoina Triantafyllidou (University Paris-Sud, reviewer), Fahrid Munir(EURECOM, examinator)

• PhD examining boards, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet 2006: Paul Starzetz (INPG - reviewer), Mathieu Gineste (ENSICA, reviewer)

• PhD examining boards, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet 2008: Sakuna Charoenpanyasak (Laas, Toulouse, reviewer)

• PhD examining boards, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet 2009: Nicolas Van Wambeke (Laas, Toulouse, reviewer)

• PhD examining boards, Laurent Lefèvre 2009: Anthony Mouraud (University Antilles Guyane, examinator)

• PhD examining boards, Laurent Lefèvre 2008: Benjamin Quetier (University Paris XI, examinator)

• PhD examining boards, Olivier Glück 2008: Elisabeth Brunet (University Bordeaux I, examinator)

8.5.3 Public Dissemination

• Interstice, Podcast, "Very High Speed Networks", P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, May 2009

• Techniques de l’Ingénieur, Quelles performances pour les réseaux WiFi ?, I. Guérin Lassous, TE 7381, May 2005.

• INEDIT : the Newsletter of INRIA, “Towards green computing platforms - vers des plateformes de calcul vertes”, LaurentLef‘evre, May 2009

• INRIA Booth at Supercomputing Conference(SC), Laurent Lefèvre, 2007, 2009.

8.6 Contracts and grants

8.6.1 External contracts and grants (Industry, European, National)

Grid Explorer (Data Grid explorer, ACI Masse de Données, 2003-2006)Scientific lead in LIP is P. Vicat-Blanc Primet. The aim of this project was to create a large scale grid and network emulator.ReSO designed and developed an high performance network emulator eWAN [845] and evaluated high speed transport protocol.

IGTMD (Interoperatibilité des Grilles Transfert Massif de Données, ANR Blanche, 02/02/06-02/02/09, 130000 C)Scientific lead in LIP is P. Vicat-Blanc Primet. The aim of this project was to design, develop and validate mechanisms thatconcretely make the interoperability of heterogeneous grids a reality. RESO was responsible for all research activities concerninghigh speed transport protocols and services: analyse and experiment new communication and replication models, and alternativetransport protocols emerging within the international scientific community. We also exploited the LCG traffic circulating on theIGTMD link for packet capture and grid flow analysis

DSLAB ( ADSL Laboratory, ANR Jeune Chercheur, 08/12/05-08/12/08, 10400 C)Scientific lead in LIP is P. Vicat-Blanc Primet DSLAB research project aimed at building and using an experimental platformabout distributed systems running on DSL Internet. In this project, RESO was responsible for the definition, design and de-velopment of flow control algorithms and mechanisms, enabling distributed computing applications to fully exploit the DLSlinks.

HIPCAL (HIPCAL: Virtual Cluster for Bioinformatics applications, ANR Calcul Intensif et Simulation, 01/01/07-31/12/09, 341187C)General leader of the projet is P. Vicat-Blanc Primet. HIPCAL studies a new paradigm (grid substrate) based on confined virtualcluster concept for resource control in grids. In particular, we propose to study and implement new approaches for bandwidthsharing and end-to-end network quality of service guarantees. We aim at demonstrating the functional transparency, enhancedpredictability and efficiency for applications offered by the HIPerNET approach.

DMASC (Propriétés d’Invariance d’Échelles de Signaux Cardiaques, Systèmes Dynamiques et Analyse Multifractale, ANRSYSCOMM 2008-2011)Scientific lead in LIP is P. Gonçalves. Project partners are INRIA (Rocquencourt et Grenoble), Université Paris XII, UniversitéParis-Sud (http://www.qoscosgrid.eu/). Scientific lead in SISYPHE (Inria Rocquencourt) by Julien Barral. The main objectiveof this project is to define new mathematical tools for characterizing scaling invariance properties in heart beat rate signals. Asscale invariance is usually reminiscent of geometric (multi-)fractal properties directly connected to specific structural features ofthe underlying system (cardio-vascular system in our case), it can be a reliable indicator of some pathologies. In this project, wealso consider the development of efficient estimators to sustain the applicability of the proposed new mathematical objects.

Grid5000 (ACI Grid 5000 2003-2007). Project partners are INRIA, CNRS, RENATER (http://www.grid5000.fr/) Scientific lead in LIPhas been P. Vicat-Blanc Primet (also member of the national committee) This lead is now transfered to L. Lefèvre. This projectaim at providing computer science researchers with a national large scale experimental facility of 5000 cores and 10Gb/s links.RESO coordinates Grid’5000’s networking aspects with Renater and Lyon’s metropolitan network, but also SINET/Naregi,Geant/Dante and UvA/SurfnetDAS3 for the international connections [758, 682]. We also participate to the ALADDIN ADT.Aurélien Ceyden is member of the national technical committee of GRID’5000.

§8.6 Optimized Protocols and Software for High-Performance Networks 167

CARRIOCAS ( Calcul répartie sur réseau à capacité surdimmensionnée, Pôle de Compétitivité SYSTEM@TIC: CARRIOCAS (2006-2009) Scientific lead in LIP is P. Vicat-Blanc Primet. Carriocas project studies and implements an ultra high bit rate (up to 40Gbps per wavelength) network interconnecting super computers, storage servers and high resolution visualization devices, tosupport data and computing intensive applications in industrial and scientific domains. In this project, RESO is in charge of thedesign and protoyping of the "Resource Scheduling Reconfiguration and Virtualisation - SRV" component.

Orange- FT ( France-Telecom - OrangeLabs (FR), Industrial collaboration, 15/09/05-27/06/08, 21528 C) Scientific lead in LIP isLaurent Lefèvre. This contract focus on Network load balancing on layer 7 switching for high performance and high avail-able Linux based platforms”. A CIFRE grant supported this collaboration (Ayari Narjess) [748]. RESO is setting up a newcollaboration with Orange-Labs in the context of XaaS and Clouds for the next period.

IXP (INTEL(USA), Industrial collaboration, in 2006) Scientific lead in LIP is P. Vicat-Blanc Primet. An INTEL grant was obtainedfor studying the potential of network processor technology in building High performance (several Gigabits links) network emu-lators and dynamically programmable routers. The goal is to show that network processors improve performance, and enhancecapacities of software network emulators and programmable routers based on Linux platforms. Network interface cards withnetwork processors have been integrated within the Grid’5000 testbed.

ALU (ALCATEL-LUCENT, Industrial collaboration,01/09/06-31/10/07, 105726 C) Scientific lead in LIP is P. Vicat-Blanc Primet.We started our long-term collaboration with ALCATEL-LUCENT in 2006 by a contract on the service & resource discoveryproblem in the context of next generation networks.

INRIA-Bell Labs (ADR Semantic Networking-Bell Labs, Laboratoire commun entre INRIA et les Laboratoire Bell Labs France -ALCATEL LUCENT, 28/01/08-31/10/12, 608240 C) Scientific lead in LIP is P. Vicat-Blanc Primet. P. Vicat-Blanc Primet isalso the scientific leader of the "Semantic Networking" research direction of this common laboratory. RESO participated to thecreation of the INRIA-Bell Labs joined laboratory.

ANAGRAM (ANAGRAM INC INRIA "sans contrepartie financière" 11/07/08 Evaluation agreement)

EC-GIN ( Euro-China Grid InterNetworking FP6 STREP 2006-2010, 360938 C). The partners are: 1. Université Innsbruck [UIBK](Austria), Université Zurich [UniZH] (Switzerland), Lancaster University [ULANC] (United Kingdom), Justinmind [JIM](Spain), EXIS IT ltd - Electronic Systems and Information Technology & Telecommunications Solutions [EXIS IT] (Greece),University of Surrey [UniS] (United Kingdom), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications [BUPT] (China), Instituteof Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences [ISCAS] (China), China Telecommunication Technology Labs [CTTL] (China),Beijing P&T Consulting & Design Institute Co. Ltd, China Mobile [BCDI] (China). Scientific lead in LIP is P. Vicat-BlancPrimet. Based on a number of properties that make Grids unique from the network perspective, the project EC-GIN is devel-oping tailored network technology in dedicated support of Grid applications. In EC-GIN, RESO studies Grid network resourcereservation, message passing issues in Grids, a Grid network API, a system for packet capture and fine grain flow and trafficanalysis. INRIA has also worked on packet sampling and LRD characterization. We haved develop and designed the BDTS(Bulk Data Transfer Scheduling Service) enabling Grid users to signal their future bulk transfer and reserve E2E resources toguaranty transfer time.

OGF-europe (OGF EUROPE, EU FP7 SA project 01/02/08- 31/01/10, 64996 C) Scientific lead in LIP is L. Lefèvre RESO partic-ipate in the OGF-Europe to reinforce the french participation to OGF standardization activities. We mainly concentrate ourcontribution on Telco interaction and Energy-efficiency in Grid context.

AUTONOMIC INTERNET (Autonomic Internet, 01/01/08 - 31/12/09, 383413 C) Scientific lead in LIP is L. Lefèvre AutonomicInternet (AutoI - FP7.ICT.2007.Call1-216404) project suggests a transition from a service agnostic Internet to service-awarenetwork, managing resources by applying autonomic principles. In order to achieve the objective of service-aware resourcesand to overcome the ossification of the current Internet AutoI will develop a self-managing virtual resource overlay that canspan across heterogeneous networks that can support service mobility, security, quality of service and reliability. In this overlaynetwork, multiple virtual networks co-exist on top of a shared substrate with uniform control. The overlay will be self-managedbased on the system’s business goals, which drive the service specifications, the subsequent changes in these goals (servicecontext) and changes in the resource environment (resource context). This will be realised by the successful cooperation of thefollowing activities: autonomic control principles, resource virtualisation, enhanced control algorithms, information modelling,policy based management and programmability. RESO is mainly involved in the programmability of the AUTOI overlay byproposing an Autonomic Network Programming Interface which will support large scale service deployment. Laurent Lefevreis leading the workpackage 5 on “Service Deployment”. Official webpage : http://ist-autoi.eu

COST (COST Action IC0804 on Energy efficiency in large scale distributed systems, 2009-2013) Scientific lead in LIP is L. LefèvreThe main objective of the Action is to foster original research initiatives addressing energy awareness/saving and to increasethe overall impact of European research in the field of energy efficiency in distributed systems. The goal of the Action is togive coherence to the European research agenda in the field, by promoting coordination and encouraging discussions amongthe individual research groups, sharing of operational know-how (lessons-learned, problems found during practical energy mea-surements and estimates, ideas for real-world exploitation of energy aware techniques, etc.).The Action objectives can be sum-marized on scientific and societal points of view: sharing and merging existing practices will lead the Action to propose anddisseminate innovative approaches, techniques and algorithms for saving energy while enforcing given Quality of Service (QoS)requirements. Laurent Lefèvre is Management Committee member and French representative in this COST action.

AEOLUS (Algorithmic Principles for Building Efficient Overlay Computers, FP6 (2005-2009)) Scientific lead in LIP is I. Guerin-Lassous AEOLUS is an IP project that investigates the principles, and develops the algorithmic methods for building an overlay

168 Part 8. Reso

computer. The goal is to enable an efficient and transparent access to the resources of an Internet-based global computer. Inparticular, the main objectives of this project are to identify and study the important fundamental problems and investigatethe corresponding algorithmic principles related to overlay computers running on global computers, and to provide improvedmethods for communication and computing among wireless, and possibly mobile nodes, so that they can transparently becomepart of larger Internet-based overlay computers.

ARC MALISSE The purpose of the MALISSE INRIA ARC (Malicious sensors) is to study sensor networks and their applicability toa wide range of applications when they should be able to support reliably a number of key functionalities, even in the presenceof malicious sensors. Obviously such algorithms need to be themselves adapted to sensor networks and more specifically shouldtake into account sensors reduced resources. Obviously, identifying the potential attacks in such a network is an important stepof this research. Expected outcomes should be both theoretical (algorithm design and proofs) and practical (simulation andimplementation) in order to fully validate the proposed solutions .

CNRS RECAP The RECAP project (http://www2.lifl.fr/sensor/) is a CNRS national platform composed of the LIPlaboratory, LAAS laboratory, the LIP6 laboratory and the LIFL laboratory. It aims at supporting research activities in the areaof self-adaptive and self-organized networks. It addresses many topics such as topology control (addressing, location, etc.), datacommunication (broadcasting, routing, gathering, etc.), architecture (hardware, system -OS-, network -communication stacks-,etc.), applications (service lookup, distributed database, etc.).

COST 295 The main objective of the COST 295 (European Cooperation in the Field of Scientific and Technical Research (http://cost.cordis.lu/)) named DYNAMO for Dynamic Communication Networks – Foundation and Algorithms –, is tostructure the community of researchers working on fundamental aspects of Dynamic Communication Networks.

FP6, IP, LSH, MOSAR IP project MOSAR (Mastering hOSpital Antimicrobial Resistance and its spread into the community) . In-fections caused by antimicrobial-resistant bacteria (AMRB) account for an increasing proportion of healthcare-associated in-fections, particularly in high-risk units such as intensive care units and surgery; patients discharged to rehabilitation units oftenremain carriers of AMRB, contributing to their dissemination into longer-term care areas and within the community. The overallobjective of MOSAR is to gain breakthrough knowledge in the dynamics of transmission of AMRB, and address highly con-troversial issues by testing strategies to combat the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance, focusing on the majorand emerging multi-drug antimicrobial resistant microorganisms in hospitals, now spreading into the community. Microbialgenomics and human response to carriage of AMRB will be integrated with health sciences research, including interventionalcontrolled studies in diverse hospital settings, mathematical modelling of resistance dynamics, and health economics. Resultsfrom MOSAR will inform healthcare workers and decision-makers on strategies for anticipating and mastering antimicrobialresistance. To achieve these objectives, MOSAR brings together internationally recognized experts in basic laboratory sciences,hospital epidemiology, clinical medicine, behavioural sciences, quantitative analysis and modelling, and health economics.MOSAR brings together 11 institutions recognized for their leadership in these areas, from 10 EU Member or Associated States,as well as 7 SMEs to develop and validate highthroughput automated molecular tools for detection of AMRB. A high level ofco-ordination will be obtained through a professionally IT-supported and rigorous management structure, to achieve optimalsynergy of the components of MOSAR. We aim to develop and validate rapid testing for AMRB and initiate the clinical trialsduring the first 18 months of the project, and then to build on the infrastructure to execute the joint research programme.

CAPES COFECUB SAMBA, Brasil The SAMBA project is funded by the CAPES-COFECUB program for 4 years (2007 - 2011).Partners of the project are the LIP6, the LAAS and the POPS and D-NET INRIA projects on the french side and the UFRJ, UERJand LNCC on the brazilian side. The goal of this project is to study the technological developments required by the developmentof new application and services in the context of multi-hop wireless networks. This concerns routing, positioning, addressing,etc. as well as network deployment and management.

WIDE-JST-CNRS ASIA WIDE and CNRS has launched a collaboration on the mobility and measurement topics. This projectis supported by the French and Japanese governments and will continue for two years. We exchange researcher, researchinformation, technical results between the two countries.

ANR SENSLAB The purpose of the SensLAB2 project is to deploy a very large scale open wireless sensor network platform.SensLAB’s main and most important goal is to offer an accurate and efficient scientific tool to help in the design, develop-ment, tuning, and experimentation of real large-scale sensor network applications.Ambient and sensor networks have recently emerged as a premier research topic. Sensor networks are a promising approach anda multi-disciplinary venture that combines computer networks, signal processing, software engineering, embedded systems, andstatistics on the technology side. On the scientific applications side, it covers a large spectrum: safety and security of buildingsor spaces, measuring traffic flows, environmental engineering, and ecology, to cite a few. Sensor networks will also play anessential role in the upcoming age of pervasive computing as our personal mobile devices will interact with sensor networksdispatched in the environment.SensLAB would be a unique scientific tool for the research on wireless sensor networks.

INRIA ADT SensTOOLS The purpose of the SensTOOLS3 project is to design and provide utilities, hardware and software toolboxes for sensor network embeded applications. The SensTOOL project designs daughter sensing cards (audio board, motion-capture), drivers, communication libraries and distributed components.

2http://www.senslab.info3www.senstools.info

§8.8 Optimized Protocols and Software for High-Performance Networks 169

8.6.2 Research Networks (European, National, Regional, Local)

Euro-NF (European Network of Excellence on Network of the Future, FP7 (01/01/08-31/12/10, 5980 C)

8.6.3 Internal Funding

ARC Green-Net (1/1/2008-31/12/2009, 20000 C per year) Scientific lead in LIP is L. Lefèvre. The GREEN-NET is a CooperativeResearch Action (ARC : Action de Recherche Cooperative) supported by INRIA. This project explores the design of energy-aware software frameworks dedicated to large scale distributed systems. These frameworks will collect energy usage informationand provide them to resources managers and schedulers. Large scale experimental validations on Grid5000 and DSLLABplatforms will be proposed. Laurent Lefèvre is leading the INRIA ARC GREEN-NET on “Power aware software frameworksfor high performance data transport and computing in large scale distributed systems” which involves 4 partners: INRIA RESO,INRIA MESCAL (Grenoble), IRIT (Toulouse), Virginia Tech (USA). Official ARC GREEN-NET webpage : http://www.ens-lyon.fr/LIP/RESO/Projects/GREEN-NET

INRIA Internship (Bulk data Transfer Internship, 01/01/06- 31/12/06, 3029 C) Scientific lead in LIP is P. Vicat-Blanc Primet

INRIA Metroflux ( Gtrc-Net10, 19/11/08-18/03/09, 31817 C) and

CNRS GridBox (GridBox, 23/10/06-23/10/07, 11960 C) Scientific lead in LIP is P. Vicat-Blanc Primet and Paulo Goncalves.Metroflux system aims at providing researchers and network operators with a very flexible and accurate packetlevel trafficanalysis toolkit configured for 1 Gbps and 10 Gbps speed links. These projects helped in the setup of the Metroflux prototypebased on the GtrcNet FPGA-based device technology, on huge data storage resources for collected data and on specific statisticalanalysis tools.

8.7 International collaborations resulting in joint publications

GRIDNET-FJ (Grid Networks France-Japan INRIA’s Associated team 2007-2009) Scientific lead in LIP is P. Vicat-Blanc Primet Theassociated team enabled us to pursue a strong collaboration following three directions : - Bandwidth allocation and control inGrids : focusing on allocation algorithms and interface interoperability. - Optimisation of MPI communications in Grids aroundgateways and MPI5000 - GtrcNET-packet capture functionality for the design of the packet capture and real-time flow analysisfeatures

NEGST ( Projet JSPT-CNRS ( 2006-2009) Scientific lead in LIP is P. Vicat-Blanc Primet The objective of this project is to promotethe collaborations of Japan and France on grid computing technology. This project is organized in three parts: Grid interoper-ability and applications, Grid Metrics, Instant Grid and virtualization of grid computing resources. RESO mainly participatesto the Grid Metrics topic. The Grid Metrics topics, basically gathers all researches about applications, programming models,libraries, runtimes, operating systems and network evaluation, either in synthetic environment (emulators and simulators) or realenvironment (real network and Grids).

SAKURA (PAI SAKURA (2005-2007) Scientific lead in LIP is P. Vicat-Blanc Primet The objective of this France-Japan projectbetween INRIA Grand Large and Reso, AIST and University of Tsukuba) was to work on two main limitations of current gridnetworks in the context of high performance computing are: 1) the lack of end to end network resource reservation model andmechanisms (optical and Ethernet control plane) and 2) the efficiency of grid application communications. To address thesetwo limitations, we consider that this research should gather two tracks: 1) the study, design, implementation and test of agrid network resource allocation and reservation service for grid computing system based on previous experiences and 2) tounderstand the precise behaviour of large grid computing system under a large variety of scenarios.

FAST (PAI FAST(2005-2007)) Scientific lead in LIP is L. Lefèvre This project focused on the design of Web Services based onProgrammable Networks Infrastructure (WeSPNI). This collaboration between RESO team and Programming Language andSystem group (PLAS) in Queensland University of Technology (Brisbane, Australia) aims to bring together researchers to designnext generation of overlay networks. The Fast project is supported by French Ministry of Foreign affairs (2005-20 06) [798]. In2005, L. Lefèvre has spent 4 months in QUT (May-Sept 2005) and has spent one month in QUT, Australia (October 2006). P.Roe has visited RESO (December 2006) and (September to December 2007) with an INRIA visiting professor position.

AI LUSO (Actions intégrées Luso Françaises, 01/09/07-31/12/08) Scientific lead in LIP is P. Gonçalves INRIA (RESO) with Uni-versity of Lisbon (Instituto Superior de Estatística e Gestão de Informação), Dr. Mário Caetano. Our joint work was initiallyoccasioned by the co-direction of Hugo Carrão PhD program (expected defense in Sept. 2009) on multi-temporal satellite timeseries for land cover characterization [897]. In the course, we addressed SVM based classification issues [684, 685], and thenderived a novel and versatile time series model for yearly phenological evolutions [686].

8.8 Software production and Research Infrastructure

All public software are available at http://www.ens-lyon.fr/LIP/RESO/software

8.8.1 Software Descriptions

HIPerNet

• Type: software toolbox [916]

170 Part 8. Reso

• Scientific problem addressed: Orchestration of virtual clusters• Functional description: Resource and User registration, Resource virtualisation, Definition, allocation and automatic deploye-

ment of Virtual Private Execution Infrastructure.• international diffusion, deployment in Grid5000• Status: free software• State: proof-of-concept• APP: HIPerNet version 0.5: IDDN.FR.001.260010.000.S.P.2009.000.10700.• Transfer to LinKTiss Start-Up

VXCalendar

• Type: software module• Scientific problem addressed: scheduling of virtual resources and infrastructures• Functional description: Resource temporal database manager• Status: proprietary software• State: prototype - associated with a patent• APP: version 1.0 du 15 mars 2009 : IDDN.FR.001.290012.000.S.P.2009.000.10800• Transfer to LinKTiss Start-Up

VXtopology

• Type: software module• Scientific problem addressed: management and control of virtual resources and infrastructures• Functional description: Resource spacial database manager• Status: proprietary software• State: prototype - associated with a patent• APP: version 1.0 du 15 mars 2009 : IDDN.FR.001.290012.000.S.P.2009.000.10800• Transfer to LinKTiss Start-Up

VXScheduler

• Type: software module• Scientific problem addressed: scheduling of virtual resources and infrastructures• Functional description: Adaptation of virtual infrastructure request and scheduling.• Status: proprietary software• State: prototype - associated with a patent• version 1.0 du 15 mars 2009 : IDDN.FR.001.290010.000.S.P.2009.000.10800• Transfer to LinKTiss Start-Up

VXDL parser

• Type: software module• Scientific problem addressed: Virtual infrastructures specifications and processing• Functional description: interpretation and XML traduction of virtual infrastructures specifications• Status: proprietary software• State: prototype - associated with a patent• version 2.0 du 20 mars 2009: IDDN.FR.001.260009.000.S.P.2009.000.10800• Transfer to LinKTiss Start-Up

BDTS engine

• BDTS: Bulk Data Transfer Scheduling Service [918]• Type: software [918]• Scientific problem addressed: transfer delay predictability, high congestion avoidance due to massive data transfers• Functional description: dynamic network bandwidth allocation, bulk data transfers scheduling• worldwide diffusion, derived and resused in SRV (Alcatel-Inria)• Status: free software• State: prototype,• APP : JBDTS version 1 du 15/12/2007: IDDN.FR.001.220025.000.S.P.2008.000.10700• Transfer to LinKTiss Start-Up

SRVdemonstrator

• Name: Scheduling, Reconfiguration and Virtualisation Software.• Type: software [923, 924, 922, 914]• Scientific problem addressed: Bandwidth on Demand (MTOSI compliant)• Functional description: Scheduling, Reconfiguration and Virtualisation of Network resources for intensive computing environ-

ment.• deployment within ALCATEL- LUCENT testbed• Status: proprietary software, CARRIOCAS contract• State: prototype,• APP: on going• Transfer to LinKTiss Start-Up

§8.8 Optimized Protocols and Software for High-Performance Networks 171

Metroflux

• Name: Metroflux• Type: hardware/software• Scientific problem addressed: flow and packet-level traffic capture and analysis• Functional description: combine a FPGA based device for packet capture, header extraction and time stamp with a high capacity

storage and computing server for statistic analysis of very high speed network’s traffics.• worldwide diffusion, deployment in Grid5000 network, used by ALCATEL-LUCENT Bell Labs,• reference implementation in INRIA Bell-Labs common laboratory,• Status: free software and access• State: prototype,• Depot APP: on going

NXE

• Type: software [912]• Scientific problem addressed: Automation of large scale networking experiment• Functional description: Definition, configuration, deployment, run and analysis of a large scale experiment for protocol evalua-

tion.• nationale diffusion, deployment in GRID5000,• Status: free software• State: prototype,• APP: version 1.0 de novembre 2008: IDDN.FR.001.030005.000.S.P.2009.000.10800• Transfer to LinKTiss Start-Up

PATHNIF

• Type: software [913]• Scientific problem addressed: Automation of large scale and high speed network bottleneck detection• Functional description: Systematically analysis and evaluate the capacity of potential bottlenecks of an end to end network path.• Status: proprietary software - associated with a patent• State: prototype,• APP: version 1.0 de mars 2009 : IDDN.FR.001.260002.000.S.P.2009.000.10800.• Transfer to LinKTiss Start-Up

FLOC

• Type: software [921]• Scientific problem addressed: Explicit flow rate control• Functional description: Limitation and triggering of flow rate.• nationale diffusion, deployment in GRID5000,• reference implementation in EC-GIN community,• Status: free software• State: prototype,• APP: version 0.12 du 17 février 2009: IDDN.FR.001.290009.000.S.P.2009.000.10200• Transfer to LinKTiss Start-Up

WattM

• Type: software [911]• Scientific problem addressed: Monitoring framework for energy consumption of data centers• Functional description: Monitoring and exposig electrical usage of large scale number of resources.• usage and deployment in GRID5000• Status: Open Source software• State: prototype

ShowWatts

• Type: software [910]• Scientific problem addressed: ShowWatts : Real time energy consumption grapher• Functional description: Software used to display real time measures of energy consumed by processing nodes in a grid archi-

tecture. This software proposes a graphical interface connected to a set of powermeter devices. Graphical interface can displaymeasures coming through a long distance secured network tunnel.

• usage and deployment in GRID5000• Status: Open Source software• State: prototype

172 Part 8. Reso

Tamanoir

• Type: software [909]• Scientific problem addressed: Supporting high performances in active networks• Functional description: Tamanoir is an open source software environment for high speed active networks.• Status: Open Source software• State: prototype• Depot APP : IDDN.FR.001.230014.000.R.P.2002.000.10700

Tamanoir embedded

• Type: software [908]• Scientific problem addressed: Active execution environment for embedded network equipments• Functional description: Tamanoir embedded is a dedicated software platform fully written in Java and suitable for heterogeneous

services. Tamanoir provides various methods for dynamic service deployment. Tamanoir embedded also supports autonomicdeployment and services updating through mobile equipments.

• Status: Open Source software• State: prototype

XCP-I

• Type: software [915]• Scientific problem addressed: XCP-i : Interoperable eXplicit Control Protocol• Functional description: XCP (eXplicit Control Protocol) is a transport protocol that uses the assistance of specialized routers to

very accurately determine the available bandwidth along the path from the source to the destination. We propose XCP-i which isoperable on an internetwork consisting of XCP routers and traditional IP routers without loosing the benefit of the XCP controllaws. An ns-2 module simulating XCP-i has been developed and will be available on the web.

• Status: Open Source software• State: prototype

SNE

• Type: software [917]• Scientific problem addressed: SNE : Stateful Network Equipment• Functional description: SNE is a complete library for designing a stateful network equipment (contains Linux kernel patch +

user space daemon). The aim of the SNE library is to support issues related to the implementation of high available networkelements, with specially focus on Linux systems and firewalls. The SNE library (Stateful Network Equipment) is an add-on tocurrent High Availability (HA) protocols. This library is based on the replication of the connection tracking table system fordesigning stateful network equipments. SNE is an open source project, available on the web (CECILL Licence).

• Status: Open Source software• State: prototype

LSCAN

• Type: software [919]• Scientific problem addressed: LSCAN : Large Scale Deployment of Autonomic Networks• Functional description : In the context of the Grid5000 infrastructure, the LSCAN software suite is dedicated to the deploy-

ment (graphical), management (through web services) and experiment of large scale deployment of autonomic network nodes.LSCAN is an open source project, adapted from the Nagios software suite and is available on the web.

• Status: Open Source software• State: prototype

WSNet

• Type: software• Scientific problem addressed: multi-hop wireless network discrete event simulator.• Functional description: Its main characteristics are a flexible architecture, it uses dynamic libraries to handle models, and a

realistic radio medium simulation whose accuracy degree can be tuned by the user. A last characteristic of WSNet is its abilityto be used in conjunction with WSim simulators in order to offer a complete sensor network simulation with very high accuracy.

• WSNet is part of the SensTOOLS (http://www.senstools.info) sensor network development framework• APP: IDDN 06-370013-00.• Status: Open Source software• State: prototype

§8.9 Optimized Protocols and Software for High-Performance Networks 173

8.8.2 Contribution to Research Infrastructures

GRID’5000 (http://www.grid5000.fr/) is a research infrastructure devoted to the experimentation of large-scale high-performace com-puting. Deeply involved in the constant evolution process of this grid testbed, RESO is in particular responsible for the networkingaspects, as a participant to the dedicated INRIA development action (ADT) ALADDIN. From our implication in the design, the deploy-ment and the usage of such a high-performance experimental Network and Grid testbed, we acquired a strong experience in high-speednetworks, and a unique expertise in the exploration and the tuning of specific protocols.In addition, the RESO team played a key-role in the development of certain networking infrastructures and network services. That isnotably the case with Metroflux, a measurement probe that we developed in joint collaboration with AIST (Japan). Based on a FPGAGtrc-Net card, our plate-form can extract and time stamp with a 60ns precision, headers of packets captured on 1 and 10 Gbps links.This tool is the core of a versatile metrology service that we plan to promote across the Grid5000 users community.

8.9 Industrialization, patents, and technology transfer

8.9.1 Patents (French, European and WorldWide)

Procédés de gestion de sessions multi-flux

No et année de dépôt : 2007Titre du brevet : Procédés de gestion de sessions multi-fluxAnnée de publication : 2007Déposants et co-déposants : France-Telecom - INRIALicence : ouiInventeurs: Narjess Ayari, Denis Barbaron and Laurent LefèvreRoyalties : non

PATHNIF

No et année de dépôt: 2009Titre du brevet: Procédé de détection de goulet d’étranglement d’un chemin réseau: PATHNIFAnnée de publication : en cours d’étudeDéposants et co-déposants: INRIALicence : ouiInventeurs: Romaric Guillier, P. Vicat-Blanc PrimetRoyalties : non

TIME2CAP

No et année de dépôt: 2009Titre du brevet: Modèle et procédé de représentation et de contrôle de ressources dynamiques: TIME2CAPAnnée de publication : en cours d’étudeDéposants et co-déposants: INRIA et ENSInventeurs: P. Vicat-Blanc Primet Sebastien SoudanRoyalties : non

VXCap

No et année de dépôt: 2009Titre du brevet: Modèle et procédé de représentation et de contrôle d’infrastructures virtuelles: VXCapAnnée de publication : en cours d’étudeDéposants et co-déposants: INRIAInventeurs: P. Vicat-Blanc Primet Sebastien Soudan, Guilherme KoslovskiRoyalties : non

VXAlloc

No et année de dépôt: 2009Titre du brevet: Procédé d’allocation d’infrastructures virtuelles: VXAllocAnnée de publication : en cours d’étudeDéposants et co-déposants: INRIALicence : ouiInventeurs: P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, Guilherme KoslovskiRoyalties : non

174 Part 8. Reso

8.9.2 Creation of Startups

Name of Company: LinKTissDate of Creation : Incubation since January 2009Nature and Domain of Activity: Software and Consulting Services for Infrastructures Virtualisation and OrchestrationCollaboration ContractsNature of Contribution to the creation: software licence(eg. Software license, technology license, patent rights)Team members transferred to the company: Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet, Sébastien Soudan, Romaric Guillier, Philippe Martinez

8.9.3 Consulting Activities

ANVAR-OSEO, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet

8.10 Educational Activities

8.10.1 Supervision of Educational Programs

Since 2009, P. Gonçalves is responsible for the axis "Models and Optimization for Emergent infrastructures" of the ENS Lyon ComputerScience Master.Since 2007, E. FLEURY is the chair of the master in Fundamental Computer Science at ENS Lyon and in charge of the axis modelingcomplex systems.Since 2007, Isabelle Guérin Lassous is co-chair of the Master 2 CCI (Compétence Complémentaire en Informatique) in UniversityLyon 1 (computer science department).

8.10.2 Teaching

Name Course title (short) Level Institution No of hours nb. yearsO. Glück Internet App., Network & System Admin. M2 Univ. Lyon 1 30h+30h 5O. Glück Computer Networks L3 Univ. Lyon 1 30h+30h 3JP. Gelas Long Distance Network M2 Univ. Lyon 1 12h+24h 3JP. Gelas Embedded system M2 Univ. Lyon 1 15h+15h 2JP. Gelas Operating System M2 Univ. Lyon 1 15h+15h 3JP. Gelas Local Networks M2 Univ. Lyon 1L 15h+15h 3P. Primet High speed networks M2 ENS Lyon 32h 3P. Primet Computer Networks M2 EC Lyon 30h 3

P. Gonçalves Traffic models M2 research ENS Lyon 32h 1L. Lefèvre High performance Networks Maitrise Info. IFI (Hanoi - Vietnam) 30h 1L. Lefèvre High performance Networks Maitrise Info. Univ. Antilles Guyane 40h 2L. Lefèvre Computer Networks L3if ENS Lyon 30h 1

I. Guérin L. Ad Hoc Networks Master 1 Univ. Lyon 1 12h 4I. Guérin L. QoS and Multimedia Systems Master 2 Univ. Lyon 1 30h 4I. Guérin L. Local Networks Master 2 Univ. Lyon 1 30h 4I. Guérin L. Autonomic Networking Master 2 Univ. Lyon 1 8h 3I. Guérin L. Mobile and Wireless Networks Master 2 IFI (Hanoi - Vietnam) 60h 2I. Guérin L. QoS in wireless Networks Post-graduates U.P. de Catalunya 10h 1I. Guérin L. Networking Algorithms Master 1 ENS Lyon 16h 1

8.11 Self-Assessment

Strong points The arrivals of new senior researchers and the subsequent fruitful cross-fertilisation increased the dynamic of all re-searches around the network topic within the ENS. Our impact expanded to the international grid and network research commu-nity as well as the industrial field.RESO actively promoted the mixity of the research team by attracting and recruiting high skilled young women (as seniorresearcher or PhD student). This helps in balancing the team, facilitates the internal communication and increases the quality ofthe team dynamic.RESO is focusing on a very active research domain which has a strong social and economical impact. The Networking butalso Services research communities are highly challenged by an uncontrolled evolution of the traditional disciplines due to hugeeconomical and social forces feeded by technologies like web2.0 and optical fiber deployement. The increasing complexity andheterogeneity of network infrastructures, along with the evolving nature of applications and services, challenges the design ofnew architectures that need to scale, be energy-efficient and economically sustainable. Since 2002, RESO positioned itself atthe edge of computing and networking to understand but also propose solutions to accelerate but also smooth the convergence.Today, self-managed and self-organized architectures, virtualization, high availability and energy-efficiency are becoming very

§8.12 Optimized Protocols and Software for High-Performance Networks 175

hot topic in the context of Cloud services and Future Internet. Our explorations of these aspects from both the global systemtheoretical optimisation point of view and the network devices experimental point of view give us a strong advance that we planexploit in the near future.How to guarantee quality of service in machine/user-to-machine/user communication while efficiently using the resources ofthe networks is becoming major challenge. The two main problems we tackled and will continue to explore in the future are:i) dynamic bandwidth sharing and congestion control in Future Internet and ii) control and flow management with a semanticnetworking approach. During the last period we focused on the three following questions:

• 1) what type of congestion control and transport protocol should be used in the context of large-scale deployed high-speednetworks (fiber to the home, for example)?

• 2) how to efficiently share, but also dynamically provision the bandwidth of a network dedicated to computing tasks?

• 3) is the "flow-aware" approach a valuable solution to solve the end-to-end quality of service issue in the very-high-speedFuture Internet?

These questions appeared to be more and more critical and far from beeing close. We proposed solutions that have interestedboth the research and industrial communities and that made our team and laboratory more visible nationally and internationally.We hope to expand our impact in the future and to be able to disseminate largely our solutions.In particular we believe that probing, data analysis and statistical inference is a sensible triangle approach that should soon be-come an inherent component of emerging system designs. The RESO team leverages 2 main assets to address these challenges :

1. a multidisciplinary competence comprising network and protocols specialists, researchers in statistical signal processingand an experimented computer engineering team. In the fall 2009, a newly hired researcher will bring in a new expertisein queueing and optimization theory ;

2. an original and pioneer experimental facility relying on a large scale, independent and fully reconfigurable network plate-form (Grid5000), and on a versatile and scalable measurement probe which permits fine packet-grain captures at 10Gbps.

Weak points Our skills have their downsides on their own. In particular we undergo :

1. the weaknesses of an experimental facility, with its inevitable unstable hardware and software solutions thought to realizethe best trade-off between flexibility and robustness ;

2. the natural difficulty that exists amongst scientists with different backgrounds to share a common language and to meeton a unifier project. In addition, our traffic awareness activity is quite recent in the RESO team and certainly, still lacks afully satisfactory maturity.

8.12 Perspectives Reso

RESO attracted progressively different members coming from parent fields. The arrival of Eric Fleury (dynamic networks) as ENSteacher in 2008 reinforced the Networking component of the LIP laboratory. After integrating the LIP laboratory, Eric Fleury proposedto introduce a new research topic integrating its experience on sensor networks and ENS potential in network measurement, analysisand modelling. D-NET, a new project on dynamics networks has been elaborated. D-NET started as an INRIA project in march 2009and will be an independant LIP research team in the 2011-2014 period.

Keywords

Vision and new goals of the team Our vision is that the Internet of the Future will be a wide reservoir and a vast market for all kindsof small or huge resources and services for the communication and processing of information. Any entity, biological or not, willbe able to access and combine those with the duration, trust-level, and capacity it will choose to pay for.Distributed systems that aggregate storage- and computing-resources into a virtual and integrated dynamic data processing en-vironment, also called Clouds, will become ubiquitous. Although these systems will theoretically offer solutions for resourceaggregation, high and predictable performance for applications may be hard to obtain due to the unsuitability of the bandwidth-sharing paradigms (fairness, best effort, no QoS), communication protocols, and software overheads. In order to deliver thisemerging traffic in a timely, cost-efficient, energy-efficient, and reliable manner over long distance networks, RESO will continueto address several issues such as quality of service, security, traffic metrology, traffic modeling, and network-resource schedul-ing. RESO will pursue the investigation of fundamental issues such as bandwidth- and network resource sharing paradigms,network-resource virtualisation and scheduling, energy efficiency, traffic metrology , traffic modeling, quality of service, trans-port protocols to deliver the emerging traffic in a timely, efficient, and reliable manner over long-distance networks. RESO aimsat playing an active and visible role in the transformation of the Internet architecture. But as the task is huge, RESO cannot stayalone. RESO associates its effort with major actors in this domain. In France, we are already leading a partnerships with BellLabs (Alcatel-Lucent) and we are builing an other strong collaboration with OrangeLabs (France-Telecom). We are also joiningtwo important european consortium sharing our vision for the Future Internet: GEYSERS and 4WARD.

Evolution of Research activities We propose to keep our main focus on high speed networks: the usage of these high speed networksis increasing (FTTH for example) and their technical specificities are evolving a lot (ligh path configuring automation, opticalburst switching and packet switching technologies emerging). However, the use of wireless networks as access networks isgreatly increasing and, in the future, packets are very likely to be transmitted on different networking technologies. Therefore,some of our future works will include wireless networks as access networks in the targeted high speed networks. We will

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continue to apply the same methodology which mixes theory and large scale experiments on real testbeds. Our goal is toput more emphasis on theoretical aspects and upstream research adopting the clean slate thinking proned by the networkingcommunity. In particular, RESO will focus of key issues such as:

• where and how to integrate the autonomy required to manage and control high-speed networks at large scale?

• how to deal with the cost of resource and network virtualization on communication performance?

• what type of congestion control should be used in the context of a large-scale deployment of high-speed access networks(fiber to the home for instance)?

• is the traffic of the grid and of high-speed networks self-similar as the Internet traffic is? What are the critical scales? Inwhich sense is self similarity harmful to quality of experience?

• how to efficiently share the bandwidth in a network that interleaves real-time multimedia applications and computingapplications?

• how to improve the interactions of message-based communications or interactive traffic and transport layer in wide areanetworks, that can include wireless access networks?

Our work will continue to follow four major research topics :

1 – Optimized protocol implementations and networking equipementsChallenges facing the Future Internet will concern the way this large distributed infrastructure will be able to adapt tonew usages and context changing. In this research axis, we explore the integration of context-awareness functionality toaddress important issues : reliability of communications, dynamic programmability of network equipments and energyconsumption of distributed infrastructures. This axis bases its experimental evaluation and validation at large scale on realdistributed infrastructures (like Grid5000/ALADDIN).RESO focuses this activity on the following directions :

Autonomic Network Programmability : The key enabling factor of new network services is programmability at every level;that is the ability for new software capabilities to self-configure themselves over the network. We explore the concept of"dynamic programming enablers" for dynamic service driven configuration of communication resources. Dynamic pro-gramming enablers apply to an executable service that is injected and activated into the network system elements to createthe new functionality at runtime. The basic idea is to enable trusted parties (users, operators, and service providers) toactivate management-specific service and network components into a specific platform. We study mechanisms and infras-tructures required to support these components. We aim at providing new functionality to services using Internet facilities,addressing the self-management operations in differentiated and integrated services. The goal is the enhancement of thecreation and the management (customization, delivery, execution and stop) of Internet services. We have designed theANPI software framework (Autonomic Network Programming Interface) allowing large scale autonomic service deploy-ment (currently used in the Autonomic Internet european project). This orientation is currently supported by the EU FP7"Autonomic Internet" project (2008-2010).

Session awareness : Most of the NGN services involve a session model based on multiple flows required for the signalingand for the data exchange, all along the session lifespan. New service-aware dependable systems are more than everrequired. Challenges to these models include the client and server transparency, the low cost during failure free periodsand the sustained performance during failures. Based on our previous work with FT RD (“Procedes de gestion de sessionsmulti-flux”, N. Ayari, D. Barbaron, L. Lefevre, France Telecom RD Patent, June 2007), we continue to explore andpropose session aware distributed network solutions which support the reliability mandatory to operators services. Arunning collaboration with University of Sevilla (Spain) is currently running on this topic.

Energy awareness : Large scale distributed systems (and more generally next generation Internet) are facing infrastructuresand energy limitations (use, cooling etc.). Energy aspects will change the way we design software frameworks, servicesand protocols. In the context of monitored and controlled energy usage, we are proposing and continue to explore thedesign of energy aware equipments and frameworks, which allow users and middleware to efficiently use large scaledistributed architectures. We are developing solutions to dynamically monitor energy usage, inject energy informationas a resource in distributed systems and adapt existing jobs (OAR) and network (BDTS) schedulers to autonomicallybenefit from energy information in their scheduling decisions. This research is validated through experimental evaluationon Grid’5000 platform and inside the ALADDIN initiative. This topic is currently supported by the INRIA "Action deRecherche Concertee" called "Green-NET". RESO is also member of the European action COST IC0804 on “Energyefficiency in large scale distributed systems” (2009-2013).

2 – Quality of Service and Transport layer for Future NetworksReso team foresees to extend its activities to heterogeneity. By heterogeneity, we mean the heterogeneity of commu-nication technologies (i.e. wired, fiber, wireless, etc.) and the heterogeneity of traffic (best effort traffic, computingapplications, real-time applications, etc.). It is clear that the current networks follow this trend in terms of technologiesand of usage. Optimizing the communication of a specific application on a single technology network is a step towardsa more efficient application but the obtained performance is not clear on an end-to-end heterogeneous path that is sharedby different kinds of applications. It is important to take these constraints into account at the beginning. Our goals aretwofold:

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– Designing techniques that provide a network resources sharing of the different applications while ensuring the con-straints required by some applications. Different shares (such as max-min, proportional, etc.) can be considered.

– Optimizing the user satisfaction while ensuring a good use of the network (which corresponds in turn to the operatorsatisfaction). We plan to identify the different trade-offs that can be obtained.

It is clear that the answers to these goals should be dynamic and distributed. The different approaches that will be tackledfor these studies are:

Modeling of the studied systems. Concerning the modeling of the traffic, we intend to reuse the works carried out by thetraffic analysis activity. How to model the heterogenity of communication technologies is one of the first questions toaddress.

Dynamic and distributed optimization. Approaches like Lagrangian optimization for instance are very promising tech-niques for optimizing in a dynamic and distributed way. We have already used such an approach in a very specificcontext. We intend to apply it in a more general setting. The dynamic tuning of some parameters of this technique is stillan issue that we need to solve to derive truly dynamic optimization solutions.

Traffic-aware solutions. Within the framework of the BellLabs-INRIA Joint Lab., our aim is to design quality of servicesolutions that are based on the traffic knowledge. We have obtained some first results, but we intend to intensify this study,mainly with the use on history dependent utility functions corresponding to the users’ satisfaction. We plan to use thesefunctions in different quality of service mechanisms, like admission control or active queue management for instance.This use raises the issue of the knowledge distribution to these mechanisms: which information to give, which periodicity,on which area, evaluation of the false operation due to out-of-date information, etc. We will answer to these questions.

The network virtualisation. In this topic we will address mainly two challenges: resource sharing and performance isolationin virtual node from one hand, virtual infrastructures on physical infrastructure mapping on an other one. From thetheoretical and technical point of views, both are optimisation problems that will be tackled by adopting a "spiral" researchmethodology. This approach relies on problem modeling, analysis and simulations coupled with software developmentand concept experimentation. Starting with ultra simple cases (equipments with few ports, networks with few nodes),our aim is to progressively enlarge the problem scale in order to study real operator networks et tools. For this, Resoteam and its emergente LinKTiss spinoff will pursue a tight interaction integrating our industrial partners (Alcatel-Lucentand Orange) in the loop. We believe that such a dynamic approach, if supported by our institutions, will strongly benefitto all participating entities. This activity will also be supported by the HIPCAL project and the newly accepted FP7 IPGEYSERS european project.

Experimental measurements. As said previously, our methodology merges theory and experiments. It is very important totest our solutions on a real testbed. The obtained results provide a feedback that we intend to fine-tune our solutions (likethe convergence parameter used in the Lagrangian optimization technique for instance). We will use Grid5000. We intendto add wireless nodes to this platform in order to get a heterogeneous testbed.

3 – High-Speed Network’s traffic metrology, analysis and modellingRegarding this axis, Reso team foresees to reinforce and to focus its traffic analysis activity on two main directions.

Semantic Networking. Within the framework of the BellLabs-INRIA Joint Lab., our aim is to identify relevant features oftraffic data able to discriminate between the underlying classes of applications. The ultimate goal is then to conditiondifferentiated treatments to different flow categories, having in mind to optimize resources allocation and sharing. To thisend, our work encompasses several facets : sampling theory, statistical characterization and modeling of discrete timeseries (i.e. point processes), parameter estimation, learning theory for classification purpose. All these tasks must complywith real time constraints, to guarantee that traffic awareness can be effectively implemented in the core routers of veryhigh speed networks.This project is for us a great opportunity to strengthen our collaboration with the MAESTRO team (INRIA Sophia Antipo-lis), which is also partner of the Joint Lab. Concretely, we plan to co-advise two new PhD students on these topics, bothsupported by Joint Lab scholarships.

Performance evaluation An important advantage of our metrology testbed is its ability to generate, under realistic networksituations, real lived traffics whose origin and transfer conditions are fully controlled. This allows us to monitor the bufferoccupancy at a bottleneck point and then to relate the congestion characteristics (global and per flow loss rates, packets’drop distribution, transmission delay estimation, etc) to statistical – or geometrical – properties of the input traffic. Moreprecisely, we are concerned with scaling properties of aggregated and flow based throughputs (adapting to effectivelyimpacting time scales what has been done with long range dependence), and on their dependence on the used protocols.This study led us to consider Markov models of TCP traffics and to devise a new multifractal analysis approach to accountfor the particular time varying instantaneous throughput due to these retroactive control mechanisms. We then expectto find some mapping between this large deviation principle and characteristics of TCP variants, which would explaindifferent measured performances.This study is a joint work with the SISYPHE team of Inria Rocquencourt (J. Barral), and should be reinforced with thearrival of a new researcher on queuing and optimization theory.

4 – Network Services for high demanding applicationsReso wants to continue its activity related to MPI’5000. In this direction, we will strive to consolidate and to promotethe MPI’5000 architecture, which allows for a host of optimizations on gateways, that still remain unexplored: bandwidth

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reservation, communication scheduling, gateway connections, WAN adapted communication protocols. . . But, in parallelto this, we foresee to open up our research scope to the coupling between wired and wireless networks. We are interestedin the interactions between these two media, and within this framework, we intend to start a co-advised PhD work withIsabelle Guerrin-Lassous. More precisely, we would like to study the issue of resource sharing at the two network interface,in the presence of highly heterogeneous traffics, and to propose end-to-end protocol solutions which cope with networksand traffics heterogeneity.

The main focus will be on energy efficiency, network virtualisation and traffic awareness.

8.13 Perspectives: new team DNet

Keywords: measure, sensor network, complex network, dynamic network, graph, network science, distributed algorithm.

Vision and new goal of the team

The main goal of the D-NET team is to lay solid foundations to the characterization of dynamically evolving networks, and to thefield of dynamical processes occurring on large scale dynamic interaction networks. In order to develop tools of practical relevance inreal-world settings, we will ground our methodological studies on real data sets obtained during large scale in situ experiments.Let us take the context of health science and public health policy. The spread of infectious diseases remains an urgent public health issue.All modeling approaches crucially depend on our ability to describe the interactions of individuals in the population. They rely thereforeon the availability of data on individuals’ interactions, which define complex networks on which diseases spread. Only recently has itbecome possible to study large scale interaction networks, such as collaboration networks, e-mail or phone call networks, networks ofsexual contacts, etc... This has prompted many research efforts in complex network science, mainly in two directions. First, attentionhas been paid to the network structure, considered as static graphs. A large amount of research has focused on spreading modelson complex networks, and has showed that the network topology has a strong impact on the dynamics of the system. However, thedynamics of networks (the changes in their topology) and on networks (e.g., spreading processes) are still generally studied separately.There is therefore an important need for the development of tools and methods for the joint analysis of both dynamics.The D-NET project puts the emphasis on the cross fertilization between these two research lines which will definitively lead to consid-erable advances. The D-NET project has the following fundamental goals:

1. To develop distributed measurement approaches based on sensor networks in order to capture physical phenoma in space andtime;

2. To develop the study of dynamically evolving interaction networks, by building specific tools targeted at characterizing andmodeling their dynamical complex properties.

3. To study dynamical processes occurring on dynamical networks, such as spreading processes, taking into account both thedynamics of and on the network structure.

4. To apply these theoretical tools on large scale experimental data sets. We will benefit from a large data set describing the contactspatterns within a hospital environment.

5. to set up and foster multidisciplinary collaborations in order to develop in the case of the MOSAR context our understandingof the spread of nosocomial infections, and of the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria (AMRB), in order to developstrategies aiming at controlling and mitigating such spreading.

The D-NET project targets the study of dynamically evolving networks, from the point both of their structure and of the dynamics ofprocesses taking place on them. Most activity on complex networks has up to now focused on static networks, towards the characteri-zation of their structure, and the understanding of how this structure influences dynamics such as spreading phenomena. The importantstep that this project wants to undertake is to take into account the fact that the networks themselves are dynamical entities. This meansthat the topology evolves and adapts in time, possibly driven by (or in interaction with) the dynamical process unfolding on top of it.This step is motivated by two points. On the one hand, the new availability of a large dataset reporting the dynamics of real networks,mainly by deploying sensor networks closer to the physical object in order to record and gather the dynamic of the network studied(in the MOSAR context, sensors measure all contacts between persons); this dataset will allow us to develop methods and tools witha direct connection to real-world data. On the other hand, the specific context of the dataset, precisely defines a need for such tools,and for the understanding of dynamical processes on dynamical networks, in order to be able to develop appropriate measures, orprotocols. In the MOSAR context, namely a hospital environment in which AMRB spread, measure can be containment or healthpolicies. Interestingly, the real-world dynamical graph is also multimodal and several sensors may record various data at different timescale. This multimodality also presents new challenges that will be addressed.The D-NET project has therefore two major goals: on the one hand, to develop the knowledge in the networking science field in orderto provide a better understanding of dynamic graphs from both the analysis and structural point of view. This fundamental aspect willbe grounded on real world large scale dynamic networks. On the other hand, our gaol is to help develop a better understanding of thephysical object studied. The point requires the joint study of both dynamics of the network and on the network, and required a tiedcollaboration with others fields in order to take advantage of the first goal. The D-NET project therefore has both very fundamental andvery applied aspects that are tightly linked.The impact of the research developed in D-NET goes beyond the context of disease spreading studied within the MOSAR context,thanks to the inherent interdisciplinarity of the field of complex networks. Dynamical processes on dynamically evolving networksare indeed present in several fields, including rumor spreading in social networks, opinion formation phenomena, fashion phenomena,

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the diffusion of innovation in a population. The spread of computer viruses may take place through email networks or bluetoothconnections, which are both dynamical. The development of efficient algorithms for information spreading in wireless/P2P/DTNnetworks should also be improved by the understanding of the dynamics of these networks and their temporal properties. The studyof all these processes will benefit from the tools developed in this project, which represents a unique opportunity to study a real-worldspreading process, occurring on a contact network whose dynamics is known. The conjunction of real-world data with the developmentof theoretical tools proposed in this project will therefore impact various scientific fields, ranging from epidemiology to computerscience, economics and sociology.

8.13.1 Sensor network, distributed measure and distributed processing

In order to gather information on the dynamic behavior of a specif physical phenomena, a measure must be performed. The qualityof the measure is crucial and determines all the analysis. Moreover, by conducing and controling the measure and its bias during theexperiment, one may derive and optimize the analysis. Sensors networks are one efficient way to measure a phusical phenoma at variousspace and time scale. One important chalenge is to understand how to take advantage of the numerous deployments of heterogeneoussensor networks that will make various kinds of objects able to communicate and to interact with their environments in order to designa global large scale sensing tool able to monitor and sense the physical environment. By gathering several distributed heterogeneoussensing devices together, one could build a accurate sensing tool. Given a target application, the goal is the select a set of availablesensors and to set up the way to collect their data in order to fulfill the requirements of the application. Such data collected and selectedon the fly, are able to sense directly and with a high accuracy the phenomena of interest. Sensor could be heterogeneous in terms ofsensing capacities, in terms of deployment density, in terms of mobility. The key feature is that heterogeneity is a fundamental andbeneficial quality of distributed sensing tool, not just a problem to overcome. In order to understand such distributed heterogeneoussensing networking as a whole and coherent sensing tool, this will require the development of both theoretical and practical techniquesto deploy such distributed sensing tools on top of existing sensor networks, to manage this distributed measure tool and to performefficient and reliable distributing computing to analyze multi scale dynamic data. With these main challenges in mind, we define thefollowing objectives:

Characterize the various sensing measures that we can exploit. Such characterization must take into account the different correla-tions in space and time that exist between all sensors. The characterization must also handle the various time scales that mayexist in the measures.The challenge is due to the heterogeneous data resolution. Moreover, data will be multi modal and multi scale with possibleirregularities and will offer much correlation (time /space). Fundamental challenges lie in the current lack of tools, models, andmethods for the characterization and analysis of time series describing dynamic sensing data. Data set collected by various sen-sors, may be characterized by the lack of most common simple statistical properties such as stationary, linearity, or Gaussianity.Relevant time scales may be difficult to identify, or may even not exist. Observed properties have non-trivial relations and eventhe choice of the time scale granularity that should be used in the analysis is a difficult problem, since it may bias the analysis inan uncontrolled way.

Methodology and design of a global sensing tool. In order to use multi variable/scale sensing data we need to normalize data formatand access method. Moreover, based on the characterization described above, we will propose a methodology to select theappropriate measure in order to fulfill the application requirements.Heterogeneity is a fundamental, beneficial quality of distributed sensing tool, not just a problem to overcome. Heterogeneoussensing systems are more immune to the weaknesses of sensing modalities and more robust against defective, missing, ormalicious data sources than even carefully designed homogeneous systems. However, data heterogeneity also presents mainchallenges when trying to integrate data from many different sensors. We need to a way to model, describe, combine and querythese different data sets.

Methodology of distributed processing that should be performed in order to guarantee an accurate measure. The goal here isto take advantage of the fact that computation could be delocalized closer to the sensing phenomena. Exploiting space/timecorrelation could be used in order to optimize the amount of data sent through the network.Design robust distributed processing in order to be able to analyze the data from the different sensors i sa hard challenge. Sensorsconstantly generate tiny data, so we could consider sensor data as one of streaming data. Considering this feature of sensor data,we’ll try to construct a system on which users can program these streaming data as like UNIX pipe. Managing calculatedstreaming data, we’ll be able to reduce a large amount of search and computation cost, because typical computed data are usedagain and again. In other words, our system will dynamically compute and merge sensor data, considering user queries

8.13.2 Statistical Characterization of Complex Interaction Networks

The dynamically evolving networks can be regarded as "out of equilibrium" systems. Indeed, their dynamics is typically character-ized by non standard and intricate statistical properties, such as non-stationarity, long range memory effects, intricate space and timecorrelations. Moreover, such dynamics often exhibit no preferred time scale or equivalently involve a whole range of scales and arecharacterized by a scaling or scale invariance property.Another important aspect of network dynamics resides in the fact that the sensors measure information of different nature. For in-stance, in the MOSAR project, inter-individual contacts are registered, together with the health status of each individual, and the timeevolution of the resistance to antibiotics of the various strains analyzed. Moreover, such information is collected with different and un-synchronized resolutions in both time and space. This property, referred to as multi-modality, is generic and central in most dynamicalnetworks.

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If such approach is crucial, it represents also a great challenge and risk for us since the core area of research involved in these statisticalcharacterization of large scale dynamic dataset spans fundamental physics (statistical physics, information theory, nonlinear dynamicsand discrete systems). New faculty hires should strengthen the D-NET skill and we also foster our ongoing collaboration with SiSyPheteam at ENS Lyon. With these main challenges in mind, we define the following objectives:

From "primitive" to "analyzable" data: Observables. The various and numerous modalities of information collected on the net-work generate a huge " primitive " data set. It has first to be processed to extract " analyzable data ", which can be envisionedwith different time and space resolutions: it can concern either local quantities, such as the number of contacts of each individual,pair-wise contact times and durations, or global measures, e.g., the fluctuations of the average connectivity. The first researchdirection consists therefore of identifying, from the " primitive data ", a set of " analyzable data " whose relevance and meaning-fulness for the analysis of network dynamic and network diffusion phenomena will need to be assessed. Such " analyzable data" needs also to be extracted from large " primitive data " set with " reasonable " complexity, memory and computational loads.

Granularity and resolution. The corresponding data will take the form of time-series, " condensing " network dynamics descriptionat various granularity levels, both in time and space. For instance, the existence of a contact between two individuals can beseen as a link in a network of contacts. Contact networks corresponding to contact sequences aggregated at different analysisscales (potentially ranging from hours to days or weeks) can be built. However, it is so far unclear to which extent the choice ofthe analysis scale impacts the relevance of network dynamics description and analysis. An interesting and open issue lies in theunderstanding of the evolution of the network from a set of isolated contacts (when analyzed with low resolution) to a globallyinterconnected ensemble of individuals (at large analysis scale).In general, this raises the question of selecting the adequate level of granularity at which the dynamics should be analyzed. Thisdifficult problem is further complicated by the multi-modality of the data, with potentially different time resolutions. We willtherefore consider as an alternative the analysis of network dynamics jointly at all resolutions, through wavelet decompositionsand multiresolution analyses. While these tools have been studied for a quite long time for self-similar and multifractal processes,their tailoring to network dynamics implies challenging theoretical issues that will be addressed: for instance, multivariatemodels for such processes remain to be invented; alternations of periods of regular and irregular behaviors may require thedevelopment of processes that go beyond the so-called intermittency models.

(non-)Stationarity. Stationarity of the data is another crucial issue. Usually, stationarity is understood as a time invariance of statisticalproperties. This very strong definition is difficult to assess in practice. Recent efforts have put forward a more operational conceptof relative stationarity in which an observation scale is explicitly included. The present research project will take advantage ofsuch methodologies and extend them to the network dynamics context.The rationale is to compare local and global statistical properties at a given observation scale in time, a strategy that can beadapted to the various time series that can be extracted from the data graphs so as to capture their dynamics. This approach canbe given a statistical significance via a test based on a data-driven characterization of the null hypothesis of stationarity.

Dependencies, correlations and causality. To analyze and understand network dynamics, it is essential that (statistical) dependencies,correlations and causalities can be assessed amongst the different components of the " analyzable data ". For instance, in theMOSAR framework, it is crucial to assess the form and nature of the dependencies and causalities between the time seriesreflecting e.g., the evolution along time of the strain resistance to antibiotics and the fluctuations at the inter-contact level.However, the multimodal nature of the collected information together with its complex statistical properties turns this issue intoa challenging task. Therefore, Task1 will also address the design of statistical tools that specifically aim at measuring dependencystrengths and causality directions amongst mutivariate signals presenting these difficulties.The objective is to provide elements of answers to natural yet key questions such as : Does a given property observed on differentcomponents of the data result from a same and single network mechanism controlling the ensemble or rather stem from differentand independent causes? Do correlations observed on one instance of information (e.g., topological) command correlations forother modalities? Can directionality in correlations (causality) be inferred amongst the different components of multivariatedata? These should also shed complementary lights on the difficulties and issues associated to the identification of " important "nodes or links...

8.13.3 Theory and Structural Dynamic Properties of dynamic Networks

The study of relevant statistical analyses and characterizations of network dynamics is a key and necessary step before other analysisin order to get an accurate insight of the data. To go further in the characterization of the dynamics, we need to focus on intrinsicproperties of evolving networks. New notions (as opposed to classical static graph properties) have to be introduced: rate of verticesor links appearances or disappearances, the duration of link presences or absences. Moreover, more specific properties related to thedynamics have to be defined and are somehow related to the way to model a dynamical graph. Classical graph notions like the definitionof path, connected components and k-core have to be revisited in this context. Advanced properties need also to be defined in orderto apprehend the intrinsic dynamic structural issues of such dynamic graphs. The notion of communities (dense group of nodes) isimportant in any social / interaction network context and may play an important role within an epidemic process. To transpose the staticgraph community concept into the dynamical graph framework is a challenging task and appears necessary in order to better understandhow the structure of graphs evolves in time. In these contexte we define the following objectives:

Toward a dynamic graph model and theory. We want to design new notions, methods and models for the analysis of dynamicgraphs. For the static case, graph theory has defined a vast and consistent set of notions and methods such as degrees, paths,centrality measures, cliques. These notions and methods are completely lacking for the study of dynamic graphs; not only do we

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not have basic notions allowing the description of a graph and its dynamics, but we also lack the basic definitions and algorithmsfor manipulating dynamic graphs: there is no consensus on the way to encode such graphs, and for instance even the basic notionof distance between vertices does not have a widely acknowledged equivalent for dynamic graphs. Our goal is therefore to fillthis lack, by providing the basic notions for manipulating dynamic graphs as well as the notions and indicators to describe itsdynamic meaningfully (as complex networks theory does for static complex networks). For instance, it is crucial to generalizethe notion of centrality of a node, in a context where a node can have a large degree or centrality in a snapshot at time t and amuch lower one a t+ 1.

Dynamic communities. The detection of dynamic communities is particularly appealing to describe dynamic networks. In order toextend the static case, one may apply existing community detection methods to successive snapshots of dynamic networks. Thisis however not totally satisfying for two main reasons: first, this would take a large amount of time (directly proportional tothe data span); moreover, having a temporal succession of independent communities is not sufficient and we loose valuableinformation and dependencies. We also need to investigate the temporal links, study the time granularity and look for timeperiods that could be compressed within a single snapshot.

Tools for dynamic graph visualization. Designing generic and pure graph visualization tools is clearly out of the scope of the project.Efficient graph drawing tools or network analysis toolkit/software are now available (e.g., GUESS, TULIP, Sonivis, NetworkWorkbench). However, the drawback of most softwares is that the dynamics is not taken into account. Since we will study thehierarchy of dynamics through the definition of communities we plan to extend graph drawing methods by using the communi-ties’ structures. We also plan to handle the time evolution in the network analysis toolkit. A tool like TULIP is well designed andcould be improved by allowing operations (selection, grouping, sub graph computation...) to take place on the time dimensionas well.

8.14 Publications

International and national peer reviewed journals [ACL]

[677] Anestis Antoniadis, Andrey Feuerverger, and Paulo Gonçalves. Wavelet based estimation for univariate stable laws. Annals ofthe Institute of Mathematical Statistics, 58(4):779–807, 2006.

[678] O. Audouin, D. Barth, M. Gagnaire, C. Mouton, P. Vicat-Blanc Primet, D. Rodrigues, L. Thual, and D. Verchère. Carriocasproject: Towards converged internet infrastructures supporting high performance distributed applications. IEEE/OSA Journal ofLightwave Technology, 2009. accepted.

[679] Narjess Ayari, Denis Barbaron, Laurent Lefèvre, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Fault tolerance for highly available internetservices: Concepts, approaches, and issues. IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials, 10(2):34–46, July 2008.

[680] Alessandro Bassi, Micah Beck, Fabien Chanussot, Jean-Patrick Gelas, Robert Harakaly, Laurent Lefèvre, Terry Moore, JamesPlank, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Active and logistical networking for grid computing: the e-toile architecture. TheInternational Journal of Future Generation Computer Systems (FGCS) - Grid Computing: Theory, Methods and Applications,21(1):199–208, January 2005. Elsevier B.V (ed),ISSN 0167-739X.

[681] Elyes Ben Hamida, Guillaume Chelius, Anthony Busson, and Eric Fleury. Neighbor discovery in multi-hop wireless networks:evaluation and dimensioning with interferences considerations. Discrete Mathematics & Theoretical Computer Science, 2008.

[682] Raphaël Bolze, Franck Cappello, Eddy Caron, Michel Daydé, Frederic Desprez, Emmanuel Jeannot, Yvon Jégou, StéphaneLanteri, Julien Leduc, Noredine Melab, Guillaume Mornet, Raymond Namyst, Pascale Primet, Benjamin Quetier, OlivierRichard, El-Ghazali Talbi, and Touché Irena. Grid’5000: a large scale and highly reconfigurable experimental grid testbed.International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications, 20(4):481–494, November 2006.

[683] Faycal Bouhafs, Jean-Patrick Gelas, Laurent Lefèvre, Moufida Maimour, Cong-Duc Pham, Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet, andBernard Tourancheau. Designing and evaluating an active grid architecture. The International Journal of Future GenerationComputer Systems (FGCS) - Grid Computing: Theory, Methods and Applications, 21(2):315–330, February 2005.

[684] Hugo Carrao, António Araújo, Paulo Gonçalves, and Mário Caetano. Multitemporal meris images for land cover mapping atnational scale: the case study of portugal. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 2008. To appear.

[685] Hugo Carrao, Paulo Gonçalves, and Mário Caetano. Contribution of multispectral and multitemporal information from modisimages to land cover classification. Elsevier, Remote Sensing of Environment, 112(3):986–997, 2008.

[686] Hugo Carrao, Paulo Gonçalves, and Mário Caetano. A nonlinear model for satellite images time series: analysis and predictionof land cover dynamics. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2009. To appear.

[687] Eric Fleury and Céline Robardet. Communities detection and the analysis of their dynamics in collaborative networks. Interna-tional Journal of Web Based Communities (IJWBC), 2009.

[688] A. Gebremedhin, J. Gustedt, I. Guérin Lassous, M. Essaïdi, and J. A. Telle. Pro: A model for the design and analysis of efficientand scalable parallel algorithms. Nordic Journal of Computing, 13(4), 2006.

[689] Brice Goglin, Olivier Gluck, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Interaction efficace entre les réseaux rapides et le stockagedistribué dans les grappes de calcul. Technique et Science Informatiques, 27(7/2008):911–940, September 2008.

[690] Paulo Gonçalves and Rudolf H. Riedi. Diverging moments and parameter estimation. Journal of American Statistical Associa-tion, 100(472):1382–1393, December 2005.

182 Part 8. Reso

[691] Laurent Lefèvre and Jean-Patrick Gelas. Ian2 : Industrial autonomic network node architecture for supporting personnalizednetwork services in the industrial context. The International Journal of Future Generation Computer Systems (FGCS) - GridComputing: Theory, Methods and Applications, 24(1):58–65, January 2008.

[692] Laurent Lefèvre and Anne-Cécile Orgerie. Towards energy aware reservation infrastructure for large-scale experimental dis-tributed systems. Parallel Processing Letters, 2009.

[693] Patrick Loiseau, Paulo Gonçalves, Guillaume Dewaele, Pierre Borgnat, Patrice Abry, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Investigat-ing self-similarity and heavy-tailed distributions on a large scale experimental facility. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking,2009. To appear.

[694] Jean-Philippe Martin-Flatin and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Editorial of the special issue high performance networking andservices in grids: the datatag project. International Journal of Future Generation Computer System, FGCS, 21(Issue 4):439–623, April 2005.

[695] Jean-Philippe Martin-Flatin and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Special issue high performance networking and services in grids:the datatag project. International Journal of Future Generation Computer System, FGCS, 21(Issue 4):439–442 (, April 2005.

[696] Edmundo Pereira de Souza Neto, Patrice Abry, Patrick Loiseau, Jean-Christophe Cejka, Marc-Antoine Custaud, Jean Frutoso,Claude Gharib, and Patrick Flandrin. Empirical mode decomposition to assess cardiovascular autonomic control in rats. Funda-mental & Clinical Pharmacology, 21(5):481–496, October 2007.

[697] T. Razafindralambo and I. Guérin Lassous. Increasing fairness and efficiency using the madmac protocol in ad hoc networks.Ad Hoc Networks, 6(3), May 2008.

[698] T. Razafindralambo, I. Guérin Lassous, L. Iannone, and S. Fdida. Dynamic packet aggregation to solve performance anomaly in802.11 wireless networks. Computer Networks, 52(1), January 2008.

[699] Gabriel Rilling, Patrick Flandrin, Paulo Gonçalves, and Jonathan M. Lilly. Bivariate empirical mode decomposition. IEEE,Signal Processing Letters, 14(12):936–939, 2007.

[700] S. Sarr, C. Chaudet, G. Chelius, and I. Guérin Lassous. A node-based available bandwidth evaluation in ieee 802.11 ad hocnetworks. International Journal of Parallel, Emergent and Distributed Systems, 21(6), 2006.

[701] S. Sarr, C. Chaudet, G. Chelius, and I. Guérin Lassous. Bandwidth estimation for IEEE 802.11-based ad hoc networks. IEEETransactions on Mobile Computing, 7(10), 2008.

[702] Antoine Scherrer, Pierre Borgnat, Eric Fleury, Jean-Loup Guillaume, and Céline Robardet. Description and simulation ofdynamic mobility networks. Computer Networks (1976), 2008. This work is partially financed by the European Commissionunder the Framework 6 HealthCare Project LSH PL037941 Mastering hOSpital Antimicrobial Resistance and its spread intothe community (MOSAR) and AEOLUS project IST IP-FP6-015964. The views given herein represent those of the authors andmay not necessarily be representative of the views of the project consortium as a whole.

[703] Sebastien Soudan, Binbin Chen, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Flow scheduling and endpoint rate control in gridnetworks.Future Generation Computer Systems, 25(8):904–911, 2009.

[704] Piero Spinnato, Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet, Chris Edwards, and Michael Welzl. Editorial special section on networks for gridapplications. International Journal on Future Generation Computer Systems, april 2009.

[705] Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet, F. Echantillac, and M. Goutelle. Experiments of the equivalent differentiated service model ingrids. in International Journal Future Generation Computer Systems FGCS, special issue on High Performance Networkingand Services in Grids, 21(Issue 4):512–524 (, April 2005.

[706] Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet, Sebastien Soudan, and Dominique Verchere. Virtualizing and scheduling optical network infras-tructure for emerging it services. Optical Networks for the Future Internet (special issue of Journal of Optical Communicationsand Networking (JOCN)), 1(2):A121–A132, 2009.

Invited conferences, seminars, and tutorials [INV]

[707] Paulo Gonçalves. Empirical Mode Decomposition: Definition and applications to non linear time series. Nonlinear Dynamicalmethods and time series analysis workshop, Udine (Italy), August 2006.

[708] Paulo Gonçalves. Empirical Mode Decomposition: Definition and applications to non linear time series. IEEE, 17th SignalProcessing and Communications - Application Conference, Antalya, Turkey, April 2009.

[709] Paulo Gonçalves. Fractal dimension estimation: EMD versus wavelets. Istanbul Technical University, Elec. and Comp. Eng.Dept., April 2009.

[710] I. Guérin Lassous. Mac protocols for ad hoc networks. IRAMUS workshop, Val Thorens, France, January 2007.

[711] I. Guérin Lassous. Resources allocation for multihop wireless networks. IFI, Hanoi, Vietnam, October 2008.

[712] I. Guérin Lassous. Quality of service issues in multihop wireless networks. Polytechnic University of Catalonia, Department ofTelematic Engineering, 10h, June 2009.

[713] Laurent Lefèvre. Designing high performance autonomic gateways for large scale grids and distributed environments. CCGSC2006 : Clusters and Computational Grids for Scientific Computing Workshop, Flat Rock, USA, September 2006.

§8.14 Optimized Protocols and Software for High-Performance Networks 183

[714] Laurent Lefèvre. High performance programmable network support for grid infrastructures. Kolloquium of Computer Science,Linz University, Austria, January 2006.

[715] Laurent Lefèvre. Autonomic and programmable networks approach for supporting long latency (inter-planetary) grids. OtagoUniversity, Seminar of New Zealand Distributed Information Systems group, New Zealand, August 2007.

[716] Laurent Lefèvre. Next generation router-assisted transport protocols for high performance grids : interoperability and fairnessissues. Ho Chi Minh Ville University, Vietnam, May 2007.

[717] Laurent Lefèvre. Towards new services and capabilities for next generation grids. Otago University, Seminar of New ZealandDistributed Information Systems group, New Zealand, August 2007.

[718] Laurent Lefèvre. Green-* : Towards energy efficient solutions for next generation large scale distributed systems. ACOMP 2008: International Workshop on Advanced Computing and Applications, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, March 2008.

[719] Laurent Lefèvre. Proposing inter-operable router-assisted transport protocol for transferring large volume of data in high perfor-mance grids. University of Sevilla, Spain, March 2008.

[720] Laurent Lefèvre. Towards energy aware resource infrastructure for large scale distributed systems. CCGSC 2008 : Clusters andComputational Grids for Scientific Computing Workshop, Flat Rock, North Carolina, USA, September 2008.

[721] Laurent Lefèvre. Towards new services and capabilities for next generation grids. University of Sevilla, Spain, March 2008.

[722] Laurent Lefèvre. Energy efficiency issues for large scale distributed systems : the green-net initiative. OGF 25 : Open GridForum during "OGF-EU: Using IT to reduce Carbon Emissions and Delivering the Potential of Energy Efficient Computing"sesion, Catania, Italy, March 2009.

[723] Laurent Lefèvre. Pourquoi chasser les watts dans les systèmes distribués à grande échelle ? les approches green-*. Keynote TalkRenpar 2009 Conference, Toulouse, France, September 2009.

[724] Laurent Lefèvre and Anne Cecile Orgerie. Energy efficiency challenges for large scale distributed systems. Deakin University,Australia, December 2008.

[725] Laurent Lefèvre and Anne Cecile Orgerie. Towards energy aware resource infrastructure for large scale distributed systems.University of Melbourne, Australia, January 2009.

[726] Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. High speed transport protocol evaluation in grid5000. National ARRU workshop organised byRENATER, 2006.

[727] Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. High speed transport protocol evaluation in grid5000. 4th International TERENA conference"NRENs and Grids", 2006.

[728] Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Qos and security issues in grids. First International workshop ITU/OGF (International Telecommu-nication Union/Open Grid Forum) on Grids and New Generation Networks, 2006.

[729] Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Research on high speed networks and transport protocols for grid applications. AIST booth - SC06,2006.

[730] Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. High speed cluster virtualisation. STIC07, 2007.

[731] Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Self-management and grid networks. IM07, May 2007.

[732] Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. CARRIOCAS architecture for coordination of very high speed network and high end applications.CARRIOCAS-PHOSPHORUS workshop meeting, 2008.

[733] Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. The CARRIOCAS project: Orchestrating dynamic network service deliveries over ultra highcapacity optical networks. CCGrid2008, May 2008.

[734] Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Dynamic bandwidth provisioning in the CARRIOCAS project. AIST, 2008.

[735] Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Flow scheduling and network virtualization. Tokyo Technical University (TiTech), 2008.

[736] Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. High speed transport and flow scheduling. Osaka University, 2008.

[737] Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Network virtualization. ITU-T’s System and Network Operation group meeting at Beijing, 2008.

[738] Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Network virtualization: perspectives in grids. GridNets2008, Beijing, 2008.

[739] Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Presentation of the CARRIOCAS project. Optical Networks workshop of GridNets2008, Beijing,2008.

[740] Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Virtualizing and scheduling network resource for emerging it services: the CARRIOCAS approach.Optical Forum and Conference /NFOEC Workshop on Grid vs Cloud/Utility Computing and Optical Networks, 2009.

[741] Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. VXDL: Virtual execution infrastructures description language. OGF 25 NML working group, 2009.

[742] Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Where are we going with bandwidth on demand. 8th International TERENA conference, 2009.

184 Part 8. Reso

International and national peer-reviewed conference proceedings [ACT]

[743] Andrei Agapi, Sebastien Soudan, Marcelo Pasin, Pascale Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet, and Thilo Kielmann. Optimizing deadline-driven bulk data transfers in overlay networks. In ICCCN 2009 Track on Pervasive Computing and Grid Networking (PCGN),San Francisco, USA, 2009.

[744] Lachlan Andrew, Cesar Marcondes, Sally Floyd, Lawrence Dunn, Romaric Guillier, Wang Gang, Lars Eggert, Sangtae Ha, andInjong Rhee. Towards a common tcp evaluation suite. In PFLDnet 2008, March 2008.

[745] Fabienne Anhalt, Guilherme Koslovski, Marcelo Pasin, Jean-Patrick Gelas, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Les infrastructuresvirtuelles à la demande pour un usage flexible de l’internet. In JDIR 09: Journees Doctorales en Informatique et Reseaux,Belfort, France, February 2009.

[746] Fabienne Anhalt and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Analysis and experimental evaluation of data plane virtualization with xen. InICNS 09 : International Conference on Networking and Services, Valencia, Spain, April 2009.

[747] Narjess Ayari, Denis Barbaron, and Laurent Lefèvre. Evaluating session aware admission control strategies for improvingthe profitability of service providers. In The 3rd IEEE Workshop on Enabling the Future Service-Oriented Internet: TowardsSocially-Aware Networks - Held in conjunction with IEEE GLOBECOM 2009, Hawai, USA, December 2009.

[748] Narjess Ayari, Denis Barbaron, Laurent Lefèvre, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. A survey on high availability mechanisms forip services. In HAPCW2005 : High Availability and Performance Computing Workshop, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, October2005.

[749] Narjess Ayari, Denis Barbaron, Laurent Lefèvre, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Sara: A session aware infrastructure forhigh performance next generation cluster-based servers. In ATNAC 2007 : Australasian Telecommunication Networks andApplications Conference, pages 648–655, Christchurch, New Zealand, December 2007.

[750] Narjess Ayari, Denis Barbaron, Laurent Lefèvre, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Session awareness issues for next-generationcluster-based network load balancing frameworks. In AICCSA07 : ACS/IEEE International Conference on Computer Systemsand Applications, pages 180–186, Amman, Jordan, May 2007.

[751] Narjess Ayari, Denis Barbaron, Laurent Lefèvre, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. T2cp-ar: A system for transparent tcp activereplication. In AINA-07 : The IEEE 21st International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications,pages 648–655, Niagara Falls, Canada, May 2007.

[752] Narjess Ayari, Denis Barbaron, Laurent Lefèvre, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. On improving the reliability of cluster basedvoice over ip services. In FastAbstract : DSN 2008 : The 38th Annual IEEE/IFIP International Conference on DependableSystems and Networks, Anchorage, Alaska, USA, June 2008.

[753] Narjess Ayari, Denis Barbaron, Laurent Lefèvre, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. A session aware admission control scheme fornext generation ip services. In Fifth annual IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference (IEEE CCNC 2008),Las Vegas, USA, January 2008.

[754] Narjess Ayari, Laurent Lefèvre, and Denis Barbaron. On improving the reliability of internet services through active replication.In PDCAT 2008 : The Ninth International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing, Applications and Technologies,pages 259–262, Dunedin, New Zealand, December 2008.

[755] Narjess Ayari, Pablo Neira Ayuso, Laurent Lefèvre, and Denis Barbaron. Towards a dependable architecture for highly availableinternet services. In ARES’08 : The Third International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security, pages 422–427,Barcelona, Spain, March 2008.

[756] Suleyman Baykut, Paulo Gonçalves, Pierre-Hervé Luppi, Patrice Abry, Edmundo Pereira de Souza Neto, and Damien Gervasoni.Emd-based analysis of rat eeg data for sleep state classification. In Biosignals. Springer, January 2009.

[757] M. Brahma, M. Chaudier, E. Garcia, J.P. Gelas, H. Guyennet, F. Hantz, L. Lefèvre, P. Lorenz, and H. Tobiet. Temic: a newcooperative platform for industrial tele-maintenance. In DFMA06 : International Conference on Distributed Framework forMultimedia Applications, Penang, Malaysia, May 2006.

[758] Franck Cappello, Frederic Desprez, Michel Dayde, Emmanuel Jeannot, Yvon Jegou, Stephane Lanteri, Nouredine Melab, Ray-mond Namyst, Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet, Olivier Richard, Eddy Caron, Julien Leduc, and Guillaume Mornet. Grid’5000: Alarge scale, reconfigurable, controlable and monitorable grid platform. In Grid2005 6th IEEE/ACM International Workshop onGrid Computing, 2005.

[759] Hugo Carrao, Mário Caetano, and Paulo Gonçalves. Meris based land cover characterization: a comparative study. In Proceed-ings of the ASPRS international conference, Reno (NV, US), May 2006.

[760] Hugo Carrao, Paulo Gonçalves, and Mário Caetano. Use of intra-annual satellite imagery time-series for land cover characteri-zation purpose. In Proceedings of the 26th EARSeL Symposium, Warsaw (Poland), 2006.

[761] Hugo Carrao, Paulo Gonçalves, and Mário Caetano. Land cover characterization through parametric modeling of intra-annualreflectance time series: a comparative study with meris data. In SPIE Europe Symposium on Remote Sensing, Firenze (Italy),Sept. 2007.

§8.14 Optimized Protocols and Software for High-Performance Networks 185

[762] Lawrence Chang, Alex Galis, Bertrand Mathieu, Kerry Jean, Roel Ocampo, Lefteris Mamatas, Javier R. Loyola, Joan Serrat,Andreas Berl, Hermann de Meer, Steven Davy, Zeinab Movahedi, and Laurent Lefèvre. Self-organising management overlaysfor future internet services. In MACE 2008 : 3rd IEEE International Workshop on Modelling Autonomic CommunicationsEnvironments during the ManWeek 2008 : 4th International Week on Management of Networks and Services, pages 74–89,Samos Island, Greece, September 2008.

[763] C. Chaudet and I. Guérin Lassous. Etat des lieux sur la qualité de service dans les réseaux ad hoc. In Colloque Francophone surl’Ingénierie des Procoles (CFIP), Tozeur, Tunis, November 2006.

[764] Martine Chaudier, Jean-Patrick Gelas, and Laurent Lefèvre. Towards the design of an autonomic network node. In IWAN2005 :Seventh Annual International Working Conference on Active and Programmable Networks, Nice, France, November 2005.

[765] Guillaume Chelius, Eric Fleury, Antoine Fraboulet, and Jean-Christophe Lucet. A wireless sensor network to measure the healthcare workers exposure to tuberculosis. In International Workshop and Conference on Complex Networks and their Applications(NetSci 09), Venice Italie, 2009.

[766] Bin Bin Chen and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Supporting bulk data transfers of high-end applications with guaranteed comple-tion time. In IEEE, editor, IEEE ICC2007 International Conference on Computer Communication, 2007.

[767] Binbin Chen and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Scheduling bulk data transfers in grid networks. In IEEE, editor, IEEE CC-GRID2007, 2007.

[768] Georges Da-Costa, Jean-Patrick Gelas, Yiannis Georgiou, Laurent Lefèvre, Anne-Cécile Orgerie, Jean-Marc Pierson, OlivierRichard, and Kamal Sharma. The green-net framework: Energy efficiency in large scale distributed systems. In HPPAC 2009 :High Performance Power Aware Computing Workshop in conjunction with IPDPS 2009, Rome, Italy, May 2009.

[769] Dinil Mon Divakaran, Eitan Altman, Georg Post, Ludovic Noirie, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Analysis of the effects ofxlframes in a network. In IFIP/TC6 NETWORKING 2009, pages 364–377, May 2009.

[770] Dinil Mon Divakaran, Eitan Altman, Georg Post, Ludovic Noirie, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. From packets to xlframes:Sand and rocks for transfer of mice and elephants. In IEEE High-Speed Networks Workshop, Rio di Janerio, Brazil, April 2009.

[771] Dinil Mon Divakaran and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Channel provisioning and flow scheduling in grid overlay networks. InWeb Proceedings of the HiPC 2007 poster, December 2007.

[772] Dinil Mon Divakaran and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Channel provisioning in grid overlay networks (short paper). In Workshopon IP QoS and Traffic Control, December 2007.

[773] E. Dramitinos and I. Guérin Lassous. A bandwidth allocation mechanism for 4g. In European Wireless Technology Conference,Roma, Italy, September 2009.

[774] Eric Fleury, Kevin Huguenin, and Anne-Marie Kermarrec. Route in Mobile WSN and Get Self-Deployment for Free. In5th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Distributed Computing in Sensor Systems (DCOSS), Marina del Rey États-Unisd’Amérique, 2009.

[775] Eric Fleury, Antoine Scherrer, Pierre Borgnat, Jean-Loup Guillaume, and Céline Robardet. Description and simulation ofdynamic mobility networks. In Dynamics on and of Complex Networks II, Jerusalem Israël, 2008.

[776] Alex Galis, Spyros Denazis, Alessandro Bassi, Pierpaolo Giacomin, Andreas Berl, Andreas Fischer, Herman de Meer, JohnSrassner, Steven Davy, Daniel Macedo, Guy Pujolle, Javier R. Loyola, Joan Serrat, Laurent Lefèvre, and Abderhaman Cheniour.Management architecture and systems for future internet networks. In FIA Book : Towards the Future Internet - A EuropeanResearch Perspective, pages 112–122, Prague, May 2009. IOS Press. ISBN 978-1-60750-007-0.

[777] Jean-Patrick Gelas, Olivier Mornard, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. évaluation des performances réseau dans le contexte de lavirtualisation xen. In CFIP 2008 : Colloque Francophone sur l’Ingénierie des Protocoles, Les Arcs, France, March 2008.

[778] Brice Goglin, Olivier Gluck, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. An efficient network api for in-kernel applications in clusters.In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing, Boston, Massachussets, September 2005. IEEEComputer Society Press.

[779] Brice Goglin, Olivier Gluck, Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet, and Jean-Christophe Mignot. Accès optimisés aux fichiers distantsdans les grappes disposant d’un réseau rapide. In Actes de RenPar’16, CFSE’4, SympAAA’2005, pages 37–46, Le Croisic,Presqu’ile de Guérande, France, April 2005.

[780] Paulo Gonçalves, Patrice Abry, Gabriel Rilling, and Patrick Flandrin. Fractal dimension estimation: empirical mode decompo-sition versus wavelets. In IEEE Int. Conf. on Acoust. Speech and Sig. Proc., Honolulu, Hawaii (US), April 2007.

[781] Paulo Gonçalves, Hugo Carrao, and Mário Caetano. Parametric model for intra-annual reflectance time series. In Proceedingsof the 26th EARSeL Symposium, Warsaw (Poland), 2006.

[782] Romaric Guillier, Ludovic Hablot, Yuetsu Kodama, Tomohiro Kudoh, Fumihiro Okazaki, Ryousei Takano, Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet, and Sebastien Soudan. A study of large flow interactions in high-speed shared networks with grid5000 andgtrcnet-10 instruments. In PFLDnet 2007, Feb. 2007.

[783] Romaric Guillier, Sebastien Soudan, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Tcp variants and transfer time predictability in very highspeed networks. In Infocom 2007 High Speed Networks Workshop, May 2007.

186 Part 8. Reso

[784] Romaric Guillier and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Methodologies and tools for exploring transport protocols in the context ofhigh-speed networks. In IEEE TCSC Doctoral Symposium, May 2008.

[785] Romaric Guillier and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. A user-oriented test suite for transport protocols comparison in datagridcontext. In ICOIN 2009, January 2009.

[786] Ludovic Hablot, Olivier Gluck, Jean-Christophe Mignot, Stéphane Genaud, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Comparison andtuning of mpi implementation in a grid context. In In Proceedings of 2007 IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing(CLUSTER), pages 458–463, September 2007.

[787] Ludovic Hablot, Olivier Gluck, Jean-Christophe Mignot, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Etude d’implémentations mpi dansune grille de calcul. In Actes de Renpar’08, Février 2008.

[788] Syed Hasan, Laurent Lefèvre, Zhiyi Huang, and Paul Werstein. Cross layer protocol support for live streaming media. InAINA-08 : The IEEE 22nd International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications, pages 319–326,Okinawa, Japan, March 2008.

[789] Syed Hasan, Laurent Lefèvre, Zhiyi Huang, and Paul Werstein. Supporting large scale eresearch infrastructures with adaptedlive streaming capabilities. In 6th Australasian Symposium on Grid Computing and e-Research, volume 82, pages 55–63,Wollongong, Australia, January 2008. Conferences in Research and Practice in Information Technology - Australian ComputerSociety.

[790] S. Khalfallah, C. Sarr, and I. Guérin Lassous. Dynamic bandwidth management for multihop wireless ad hoc networks. InVTC-Spring, Dublin, Ireland, April 2007.

[791] Guilherme Koslovski, Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet, and Andrea Schwertner Charao. Vxdl: Virtual resources and interconnectionnetworks description language. In GridNets 2008, Oct. 2008.

[792] Dieter Kranzlmuller and Laurent Lefèvre. A record and replay mechanism on programmable network card. In The IASTEDInternational Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing and Networks (PDCN 2005), Innsbruck, Austria, February2005.

[793] Julien Laganier and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Hipernet: a decentralized security infrastructure for large scale grid envi-ronments. In 6th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Grid Computing (GRID 2005), November 13-14, 2005, Seattle,Washington, USA, Proceedings, pages 140–147. IEEE, 2005.

[794] Laurent Lefèvre. Heavy and lightweight dynamic network services : challenges and experiments for designing intelligentsolutions in evolvable next generation networks. In IEEE Society, editor, Workshop on Autonomic Communication for EvolvableNext Generation Networks - The 7th International Symposium on Autonomous Decentralized Systems, pages 738–743, Chengdu,Jiuzhaigou, China, April 2005. ISBN : 0-7803-8963-8.

[795] Laurent Lefèvre and Jean-Patrick Gelas. Towards interplanetary grids. In Workshop on Next Generation Communication In-frastructure for Deep-Space Communications held in conjunction with the Second International Conference on Space MissionChallenges for Information Technology (SMC-IT), Pasadena, California, July 2006.

[796] Laurent Lefèvre and Anne-Cécile Orgerie. When clouds become green. In Parco2009 : International Conference on ParallelComputing, Lyon, France, September 2009.

[797] Laurent Lefèvre and Jean-Marc Pierson. Just in time entertainment deployment on mobile platforms. In ICIW’06 : InternationalConference on Internet and Web Applications and Services, Guadeloupe, French Caribbean, February 2006.

[798] Laurent Lefèvre and Paul Roe. Improving the flexibility of active grids through web services. In Australian Computer Society,editor, Fourth Australasian Symposium on Grid Computing and e-Research (AusGrid2006), volume 28, pages 3–8, Hobart,Australia, January 2006. ISBN 1-920-68236-8.

[799] Laurent Lefèvre and Aweni Saroukou. Active network support for deployment of java-based games on mobile platforms. InIEEE Computer Society, editor, The First International Conference on Distributed Frameworks for Multimedia Applications(DFMA’2005), pages 88–95, Besancon, France, February 2005.

[800] Patrick Loiseau, Paulo Gonçalves, Stéphane Girard, Florence Forbes, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Maximum likelihoodestimation of the flow size distribution tail index from sampled packet data. In ACM Sigmetrics, June 2009.

[801] Patrick Loiseau, Paulo Gonçalves, Romaric Guillier, Matthieu Imbert, Yuetsu Kodama, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet.Metroflux: A high performance system for analyzing flow at very fine-grain. In TridentCom, April 2009.

[802] Patrick Loiseau, Paulo Gonçalves, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. A comparative study of different heavy tail index estimatorsof the flow size from sampled data. In MetroGrid Workshop, GridNets, Lyon, France, October 2007. ACM Press.

[803] Dino M. Lopez Pacheco, Laurent Lefèvre, and Cong-Duc Pham. Fairness issues when transferring large volume of data on highspeed networks with router-assisted transport protocols. In High Speed Networks Workshop 2007, in conjunction with IEEEINFOCOM 2007, Anchorage, Alaska, USA, May 2007.

[804] Dino M. Lopez Pacheco, Laurent Lefèvre, and Cong-Duc Pham. Lightweight fairness solutions for xcp and tcp cohabitation. InIFIP/TC6 Networking 2008, pages 715–726, Singapore, May 2008.

[805] Dino M. Lopez Pacheco, Cong-Duc Pham, and Laurent Lefèvre. Xcp-i : explicit control protocol for heterogeneous inter-networking of high-speed networks. In Globecom 2006, San Francisco, California, USA, November 2006.

§8.14 Optimized Protocols and Software for High-Performance Networks 187

[806] Dino M. Lopez Pacheco, Cong-Duc Pham, and Laurent Lefèvre. Xcp-i: explicit control protocol pour l’interconnexion deréseaux haut-débit hétérogènes. In CFIP 2006: Colloque Francophone sur l’Ingénierie des Protocoles, Tozeur, Tunisia, October2006.

[807] Dino M Lopez-Pacheco and Congduc Pham. Robust transport protocol for dynamic high-speed networks: enhancing the xcpapproach. In Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Networks, volume 1, pages 404–409, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,November 2005.

[808] Dino M Lopez-Pacheco and Congduc Pham. Enabling large data transfers on dynamic, very high-speed network infrastructures.In Proceedings of ICN/ICONS/MCL 2006, Mauritius, april 2006.

[809] Edgar Magana, Laurent Lefèvre, Masum Hasan, and Joan Serrat. Snmp-based monitoring agents and heuristic scheduling forlarge scale grids. In Grid computing, high-performAnce and Distributed Applications (GADA’07), Vilamoura, Algarve, Portugal,November 2007.

[810] Edgar Magana, Laurent Lefèvre, and Joan Serrat. Autonomic management architecture for flexible grid services deploymentbased on policies. In Architecture of Computing Systems - ARCS 2007, volume 4415, pages 157–170, ETH, Zurich, Switzerland,March 2007. Springer Berlin / Heidelberg.

[811] Loris Marchal, Pascale Primet, Yves Robert, and Jingdi Zeng. Optimal bandwidth sharing in grid environment. In HPDC’2006,the 15th International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing. IEEE Computer Society Press, 2006.

[812] Loris Marchal, Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet, Yves Robert, and Jingdi Zeng. Optimizing network resource sharing in grids. InIEEE GLOBECOM’05, USA, November 2005.

[813] Kashif Munir, Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet, and Michael Welzl. Grid network dimensioning by modeling the deadline constrainedbulk data transfers. In 11th IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC-09),Seoul, Korea, June 2009.

[814] Pablo Neira Ayuso, Laurent Lefèvre, and Rafael M. Gasca. High availability support for the design of stateful networkingequipments. In ARES’06 : The First International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security, Vienna, Austria, April2006.

[815] Pablo Neira Ayuso, Laurent Lefèvre, and Rafael M. Gasca. hft-fw : Hybrid fault-tolerance for cluste-based stateful firewalls. InICPADS 2008 : The 14th IEEE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems, Melbourne, Australia, December2008.

[816] Pablo Neira Ayuso, Rafael M. Gasca, and Laurent Lefèvre. Ft-fw: Efficient connection failover in cluster-based stateful firewall.In PDP2008 : 16th Euromicro International Conference on Parallel, Distributed and network-based Processing, pages 573–580,Toulouse, France, February 2008.

[817] Pablo Neira Ayuso, Rafael M. Gasca, and Laurent Lefèvre. Multiprimary support for the availability of cluster-based statefulfirewalls using ft-fw. In ESORICS 2008 : 13th European Symposium on Research in Computer Security, pages 1–17, Malaga,Spain, October 2008.

[818] Pablo Neira Ayuso, Leonardo Maccari, Laurent Lefèvre, and Rafael M. Gasca. Stateful firewalling for wireless mesh networks.In NTMS 2008 : The second IFIP International Conference on New Technologies, Mobility and Security, Tangier, Morocco,November 2008.

[819] Lucas Nussbaum. Rebuilding debian using distributed computing. In CLADE 2009, June 2009.

[820] Lucas Nussbaum, Fabienne Anhalt, Olivier Mornard, and Jean-Patrick Gelas. Linux-based virtualization for hpc clusters. InLinux Symposium 2009, July 2009.

[821] Anne-Cécile Orgerie, Laurent Lefèvre, and Jean-Patrick Gelas. Chasing gaps between bursts : Towards energy efficient largescale experimental grids. In PDCAT 2008 : The Ninth International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing, Appli-cations and Technologies, pages 381–389, Dunedin, New Zealand, December 2008.

[822] Anne-Cécile Orgerie, Laurent Lefèvre, and Jean-Patrick Gelas. Save watts in your grid: Green strategies for energy-awareframework in large scale distributed systems. In ICPADS 2008 : The 14th IEEE International Conference on Parallel andDistributed Systems, pages 171–178, Melbourne, Australia, December 2008.

[823] Anne-Cécile Orgerie, Laurent Lefèvre, and Jean-Patrick Gelas. Economies d’energie dans les systèmes distribués à grandeechelle : l’approche eari. In JDIR 09 : Journèes Doctorales en Informatique et Réseaux, Belfort, France, February 2009.

[824] Andreea Picu, Eric Fleury, and Antoine Fraboulet. On Frequency Optimisation for Power Saving in WSNs. In 14th IEEEReal-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS), St Louis États-Unis d’Amérique, 2008.

[825] André Pinheiro, Paulo Gonçalves, Hugo Carrao, and Mário Caetano. A toolbox for multi-temporal analysis of satellite imagery.In Proceedings of the 26th EARSeL Symposium, Warsaw (Poland), 2006.

[826] P. Vicat-Blanc Primet and J. Zeng. An overlay infrastructure for bulk data transfer in grids. In Proceedings of 3rd InternationalWorkshop on Protocols for Fast Long-Distance Networks (PFLDnet’05), Lyon, France, February 2005.

[827] R. Razafindralambo and I. Guérin Lassous. Sba: un algorithme simple de backoff pour les réseaux ad hoc. In Algotel, St Malo,France, May 2008.

188 Part 8. Reso

[828] R. Razafindralambo, I. Guérin Lassous, L. Iannone, and S. Fdida. Aggrégation dynamique de paquets pour résoudre l’anomaliede performance des réseaux sans fil ieee 802.11. In Colloque Francophone sur l’Ingénierie des Procoles (CFIP), Tozeur, Tunis,November 2006.

[829] T. Razafindralambo and I. Guérin Lassous. Sba: a simple backoff algorithm for wireless ad hoc networks. In IFIP Networking,Aachen, Germany, May 2009.

[830] T. Razafindralambo, I. Guérin Lassous, L. Iannone, and S. Fdida. Dynamic packet aggregation to solve performance anomalyin 802.11 wireless networks. In 9th ACM/IEEE International Symposium on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Wireless andMobile Systems (MSWiM), Terremolinos, Spain, October 2006.

[831] Gabriel Rilling, Patrick Flandrin, and Paulo Gonçalves. Une extension bivariée pour la décomposition modale empirique:Application à des bruits blancs complexes. In Proceedings of the 21th Colloquium GRETSI, Troyes (France), September 2007.

[832] C. Sarr, C. Chaudet, G. Chelius, and I. Guérin Lassous. Improving accuracy in available bandwidth estimation for 802.11-basedad hoc networks. In Third IEEE International Conference on Mobile Ad-hoc and Sensor Systems (MASS), Hong-Kong, China,December 2006.

[833] C. Sarr, C. Chaudet, G. Chelius, and I. Guérin Lassous. Amélioration de la précision pour l’estimation de la bande passanterésiduelle dans les réseaux ad hoc basés sur ieee 802.11. In 8es Journées Doctorales Informatique et Réseau (JDIR), Marne-la-Vallée, France, January 2007.

[834] C. Sarr, S. Khalfallah, and I. Guérin Lassous. Gestion dynamique de la bande passante dans les réseaux ad hoc multi-sauts. In9es Journées Doctorales Informatique et Réseau (JDIR), Belfort, France, January 2009.

[835] Antoine Scherrer, Pierre Borgnat, Eric Fleury, Jean-Loup Guillaume, and Céline Robardet. A Methodology to Identify Charac-teristics of the Dynamic of Mobile Networks. In ACM ASIAN INTERNET ENGINEERING CONFERENCE (AINTEC), BangkokThaïlande, 2008.

[836] Sebastien Soudan, Dinil Mon Divakaran, Eitan Altman, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Equilibrium in size-based schedulingsystems. In 16th International Conference on Analytical and Stochastic Modelling Techniques and Applications, Madrid, Spain,June 2009.

[837] Sebastien Soudan, Romaric Guillier, Ludovic Hablot, Yuetsu Kodama, Tomohiro Kudoh, Fumihiro Okazaki, Ryousei Takano,and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Investigation of ethernet switches behavior in presence of contending flows at very high-speed.In PFLDnet 2007, Feb. 2007.

[838] Sebastien Soudan, Romaric Guillier, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. End-host based mechanisms for implementing flowscheduling in gridnetworks. In GridNets 2007, Oct. 2007.

[839] Sebastien Soudan and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Mixing malleable and rigid bandwidth requests for optimizing networkprovisioning. In 21st International Teletraffic Congress, Paris, France, sept 2009.

[840] R. Vannier and I. Guérin Lassous. Partage équitable de la bande passante dans les réseaux ad hoc. In CFIP, Les Arcs, France,march 2008.

[841] R. Vannier and I. Guérin Lassous. Towards a practical and fair rate allocation for multihop wireless networks based on a simplenode model. In 11th ACM/IEEE International Symposium on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems(MSWiM), Vancouver, Canada, October 2008.

[842] Dominique Verchere, Olivier Audouin, Bela Berde, Agostino Chiosi, Richard Douville, Helia Pouyllau, Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet, Marcelo Pasin, Sebastien Soudan, Thierry Marcot, Veronique Piperaud, Remi Theillaud, Dohy Hong, DominiqueBarth, Christian Cadéré, V. Reinhart, and Joanna Tomasik. Automatic network services aligned with grid application require-ments in carriocas project. In GridNets 2008, Oct. 2008.

[843] Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet, Fabienne Anhalt, and Guilherme Koslovski. Exploring the virtual infrastructure service concept ingrid’5000. In 20th ITC Specialist Seminar on Network Virtualization, Hoi An, Vietnam, May 2009.

[844] Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet, Jean-Patrick Gelas, Olivier Mornard, Guilherme Koslovski, Vincent Roca, Lionel Giraud, JohanMontagnat, and Tram Truong Huu. A scalable security model for enabling dynamic virtual private execution infrastructures onthe internet. In IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing and the Grid CCGrid2009, Shanghai, May 2009.

[845] Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet, R. Takano, Y. Kodama, T. Kudoh, Olivier Gluck, and C. Otal. Large scale gigabit emulated testbedfor grid transport evaluation. In Proceedings of The Fourth International Workshop on Protocols for Fast Long-Distance Net-works, PFLDnet’2006, Nara, Japan, February 2006.

[846] Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet and Jingdi Zeng. Traffic isolation and network resource sharing for performance control in grids.In Proceedings of the Joint International Conference on Autonomic and Autonomous Systems and International Conference onNetworking and Services (ICAS/ICNS 2005) 0-7695-2450-8/05 2005 IEEE, April 2005.

[847] Jingdi Zeng and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. An overlay infrastructure for bulk data transfers in grids. In in Proceedings of theThird International Workshop on Protocol For Very Long Distance Fat Networks, Pfldnet2005, volume Lyon, February 2005.

§8.14 Optimized Protocols and Software for High-Performance Networks 189

Short communications [COM] and posters [AFF] in conferences and workshops

[848] Narjess Ayari, Denis Barbaron, Laurent Lefèvre, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Implementation of an active replication basedframework for highly available services. NetFilter Workshop 2007, Karlsruhe, Germany, September 2007.

[849] Martine Chaudier, Jean-Patrick Gelas, and Laurent Lefèvre. IAN2 : Industrial autonomic network node. Poster INRIA Booth,Supercomputing 2005, Seattle, USA, November 2005.

[850] Jean-Patrick Gelas and Laurent Lefèvre. MoonGrid: Bring processing power to the moon. ISU Annual International Symposium:Why the Moon? , Strasbourg, France, February 2007.

[851] Jean-Patrick Gelas, Laurent Lefèvre, and Eric Rohmer. Network support for long distance telerobotic platform. Poster INRIABooth in collaboration with Tohoku University (Japan), Supercomputing 2007, Reno, USA, November 2007.

[852] I. Guérin Lassous. Standard pour les réseaux sans fil : IEEE 802.11. Journal Techniques de l’Ingénieur, 2009.

[853] Romaric Guillier, Ludovic Hablot, Sebastien Soudan, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Evaluating transport protocols in veryhigh speed grid networks: How to benefit from huge available bandwidth? poster, SuperComputing 2006, October 2006.

[854] Romaric Guillier and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. High speed transport protocol test suite. poster, SuperComputing 2007,November 2007.

[855] Romaric Guillier and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. TCP variants and transfer time predictability in very high speed networks.poster, Ecole d’été RESCOM 2007, session doctorant, June 2007.

[856] Romaric Guillier and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Congestion collapse in Grid5000. demo, Stanford Congestion Collapseworkshop, April 2008.

[857] Laurent Lefèvre and Jean-Patrick Gelas. High performance autonomic gateways for large scale grids and distributed environ-ments. Poster INRIA Booth, Supercomputing 2006, Tampa Bay USA, November 2006.

[858] Laurent Lefèvre, Jean-Patrick Gelas, and Anne-Cécile Orgerie. How an experimental grid is used : the Grid5000 case and itsimpact on energy usage. Poster CCGrid2008 : 8th IEEE International Symposium on Cluster Computing and the Grid, Lyon,France, May 2008.

[859] Laurent Lefèvre and Anne-Cécile Orgerie. EARI : Energy aware resource infrastructure for large scale distributed systems.Poster INRIA Booth, Supercomputing 2008, Austin, USA, November 2008.

[860] Laurent Lefèvre and Anne-Cécile Orgerie. GREEN-NET : Power aware software frameworks for high performance data trans-port and computing in large scale distributed systems. Poster National ARC Days - INRIA Sophia Antipolis, France, October2008.

[861] Patrick Loiseau, Paulo Gonçalves, Guillaume Dewaele, Pierre Borgnat, Patrice Abry, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Vérifica-tion du lien entre auto-similarité et distributions à queues lourdes sur un dispositif grande échelle, June 2008. 9 ième Atelier enEvaluation de Performances, Aussois, France.

[862] Patrick Loiseau, Paulo Gonçalves, Yuetsu Kodama, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Metroflux: A fully operational high speedmetrology platform, September 2008. Euro-NF workshop: New trends in modeling, quantitative methods and measurements, incooperation with Net-coop, THOMSON Paris Research Labs, France.

[863] Patrick Loiseau, Paulo Gonçalves, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. How TCP can kill self-similarity, September 2008. Euro-NFworkshop: Traffic Engineering and Dependability in the Network of the Future, VTT, Finland.

[864] Patrick Loiseau, Romaric Guillier, Oana Goga, Matthieu Imbert, Paulo Goncalves, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Automatedtraffic measurements and analysis in grid’5000. Best Demonstration award at ACM SIGMETRICS/PERFORMANCE (Seattle,US), June 2009.

[865] Anne-Cécile Orgerie and Laurent Lefèvre. Greening the clouds ! Poster during Rescom 2009 Summer School, La Palmyre,France, June 2009.

[866] Anne-Cécile Orgerie and Laurent Lefèvre. Towards a green Grid5000. Best presentation award of the Grid5000 school, April2009.

[867] Sebastien Soudan and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Passerelle à base de processeurs réseaux pour le controle des flux de grille.poster, CFIP 2006, October 2006.

Scientific books and book chapters [OS]

[868] C. Chaudet and I. Guérin Lassous. Réseaux de capteurs, chapter Principes et protocoles d’accès au médium. ISTE/Wiley, 2009.

[869] Patrick Flandrin, Paulo Gonçalves, and Patrice Abry. Scale Invariance and Wavelets, pages 71–102. ISTE – John Wiley & Sons,Inc., 2009.

[870] Eric Fleury and Yu Chen. Scheduling Activities in Wireless Sensor Networks. In Sudip Misra, Isaac Woungang, and Sub-has Chandra Misra, editors, Guide to Wireless Sensor Networks Computer Communications and Networks, Computer Commu-nications and Networks, page 707. Springer, 2009.

[871] Eric Fleury and David Simplot Ryl. Réseaux de capteurs : théorie et modélisation. Architecture, Applications, Service. Hermes,2009.

190 Part 8. Reso

[872] Paulo Gonçalves, Jean-Philippe Ovarlez, and Richard Baraniuk. Quadratic Time-Frequency Analysis III: The Affine Class andOther Covariant Classes, pages 193–226. ISTE – John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008.

[873] C. Pham and M. Maimour. Le controle de congestion dans les communications multicast, chapter 7. TRAITE IC2, MulticastMultimédia sur l’Internet. Hermes-Lavoiser, March 2005.

Scientific popularization [OV]

[874] I. Guérin Lassous. Standard pour les réseaux sans fil : IEEE 802.11. Journal Techniques de l’Ingénieur, 2009.

[875] Laurent Lefèvre. Towards green computing platforms - vers des plateformes de calcul vertes. INEDIT : the Newsletter of INRIA,May 2009.

Book or Proceedings editing [DO]

[876] Patrice Abry, Paulo Gonçalves, and Jaques Lévy Véhel. Scaling, Fractals and wavelets. Digital signal and image processingseries. ISTE – John Wiley & Sons, Inc., London (UK) and Hoboken (NJ, USA), 2009.

[877] O. Akan and I. Guérin Lassous, editors. Fourth ACM International Workshop on Performance Evaluation of Wireless Ad Hoc,Sensor, and Ubiquitous Networks (PE-WASUN), ACM, Chania, Crete Islands, Greece, October 2007. ACM.

[878] L. Bao and I. Guérin Lassous, editors. Third ACM International Workshop on Performance Evaluation of Wireless Ad Hoc,Sensor, and Ubiquitous Networks (PE-WASUN), ACM, Torremolinos, Spain, October 2006. ACM.

[879] L. Bononi and I. Guérin Lassous, editors. Fifth ACM International Symposium on Performance Evaluation of Wireless Ad Hoc,Sensor, and Ubiquitous Networks (PE-WASUN), ACM, Vancouver, Canada, October 2008. ACM.

[880] A. Boukerche and I. Guérin Lassous, editors. Sixth ACM International Symposium on Performance Evaluation of Wireless AdHoc, Sensor, and Ubiquitous Networks (PE-WASUN), ACM, Canary Islands, Spain, October 2009. ACM.

[881] Lionel Brunie, Salim Hariri, Laurent Lefèvre, and Jean-Marc Pierson. Proceedings of ICPS2006 : International Conference onPervasive Services. IEEE, Lyon, France, June 2006.

[882] Zhiyi Huang, Zhiwei Xu, Laurent Lefèvre, Hong Shen, John Hine, and Yi Pan. Special Issue on Emerging Research in Paralleland Distributed Computing - Journal of Supercomputing. December 2009. To Appear.

[883] Zhiyi Huang, Zhiwei Xu, Nathan Rountree, Laurent Lefèvre, Hong Shen, John Hine, and Yi Pan. Proceedings of PDCAT 2008: The Ninth International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing, Applications and Technologies. IEEE ComputerSociety, Dunedin, New Zealand, December 2008.

[884] David Hutchison, Spiros Denazis, Laurent Lefèvre, and Gary Minden. Proceedings of IWAN2005 : Seventh Annual InternationalWorking Conference on Active and Programmable Networks, volume 4388 of LNCS. Nice, France, November 2005.

[885] Craig A. Lee, Thilo Kielmann, Laurent Lefèvre, and Joao Gabriel Silva. Topic 6 Grid and Cluster Computing: Models, Mid-dleware and Architectures : EuroPar 2005 Parallel Processing, volume 3648 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science. SpringerBerlin, Lisboa, Portugal, August 2005. ISBN : 978-3-540-28700-1.

[886] Laurent Lefèvre and Jean-Marc Pierson. Special issue from International Conference on Pervasive Services - Journal of Systemand Software, volume 80. Elsevier, December 2007.

[887] C. Pham and B. Tourancheau. Grid Infrastructures: practice and perspectives - Future Generation Computer System, volume 21.January 2005. Editorial.

[888] Thierry Priol, Laurent Lefèvre, and Rajkumar Buyya. Proceedings of CCGrid2008 : Eight IEEE International Symposium onCluster Computing and Grid. IEEE, Lyon, France, May 2008.

[889] Piero Spinnato, Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet, Chris Edwards, and Michael Welzl, editors. Special Section on Networks for GridApplications. Elsevier, april 2009. International Journal on Future Generation Computer Systems.

[890] Joe Touch, Katsushi Kobayashi, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Special issue Hot topics in Transport Protocols for Very Longdistance networks - International Journal of Computer Networks (COMNET). january 2007.

[891] Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet, Richard Hughes-Jones, and Cheng Jin. Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Protocolsfor Very Long Distance networks. February 2005.

[892] Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet, Tomohiro Kudoh, and Joe Mambretti, editors. Networks for Grid Applications. Springer, Beijing,China, june 2009.

[893] Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet, Joe Mambretti, and Tomohiro Kudoh. Proceedings of the 2nd International ACM/ICST GRIDNETSconference on Networks for Grid Applications. October 2008.

Other Publications [AP]

[894] Narjess Ayari, Denis Barbaron, and Laurent Lefèvre. Procédés de gestion de sessions multi-flux. france telecom r&d patent.June 2007.

[895] Romaric Guillier and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. PATHNIF. INRIA patent. 2009.

§8.14 Optimized Protocols and Software for High-Performance Networks 191

Doctoral Dissertations and Habilitation Theses [TH]

[896] Narjess Ayari. Contributions to Session Aware Frameworks for Next Generation Internet Services. PhD thesis, École normalesupérieure de Lyon, 46, allée d’Italie, 69364 Lyon cedex 07, France, October 2008. 153 pages.

[897] Hugo Carrao. The contribution of multitemporal information from multispectral satellite images for automatic land coverclassification at the national scale. PhD thesis, Université de Lisbonne (Portugal), 2009.

[898] Brice Goglin. R seaux rapides et stockage distribu dans les grappes de calculateurs : propositions pour une interaction efficace.PhD thesis, cole normale sup rieure de Lyon, 46, all e d’Italie, 69364 Lyon cedex 07, France, October 2005. 194 pages.

[899] Paulo Gonçalves. Some scale based tools and applications. Habilitation à diriger des recherches, École doctorale de mathéma-tiques et d’informatique fondamentale de Lyon, 2009. In preparation.

[900] Romaric Guillier. Methodologies and Tools for the Evaluation of Transport Protocols in the Context of Highspeed Networks.PhD thesis, ENS-Lyon, Université de Lyon, September 2009.

[901] Ludovic Hablot. Exécution d’applications MPI dans les réseaux de grille. PhD thesis, ENS Lyon, Université de Lyon, 2009.

[902] Julien Laganier. Architecture de sécurité décentralisée basé sur l’identification cryptographique. PhD thesis, ENS-Lyon, Uni-versité de Lyon, 46, allée d’Italie, 69364 Lyon cedex 07, France, 2006.

[903] Patrick Loiseau. Contribution to the analysis of scaling behavior and quality of service in networks: experimental and theoreticalaspects. PhD thesis, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 2009.

[904] Dino M. Lopez P. Propositions for a robust and inter-operable eXplicit Control Protocol on heterogeneous high speed networks.PhD thesis, École normale supérieure de Lyon, 46, allée d’Italie, 69364 Lyon cedex 07, France, June 2008. 137 pages.

[905] Vannier Rémi. Partage de la bande passante équitable dans les réseaux ad hoc. PhD thesis, ENS Lyon, INRIA, 2009.

[906] Sebastien Soudan. Bandwidth Sharing and Control in High-Speed Networks: Combining Packet- and Circuit-SwitchingParadigms. PhD thesis, ENS-Lyon, Université de Lyon, 46, allée d’Italie, 69364 Lyon cedex 07, France, 2009.

[907] Antoine Vernois. Ordonnancement et réplication de données bioinformatiques dans un contexte de grille de calcul. PhD thesis,École normale supérieure de Lyon, France, October 2006.

Software

[908] Martine Chaudier, Jean-Patrick Gelas, and Laurent Lefèvre. Tamanoir embedded : an industrial active networking framework,2006.

[909] Jean-Patrick Gelas and Laurent Lefèvre. Tamanoir :a high performance active networking framework, 2006.

[910] Jean-Patrick Gelas, Laurent Lefèvre, and Anne-Cecile Orgerie. Showwatts: Real time energy consumption grapher, 2008.

[911] Jean-Patrick Gelas, Laurent Lefèvre, and Anne-Cecile Orgerie. Wattm : Monitoring framework for energy consumption of datacenters, 2009.

[912] Romaric Guillier and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Nxe, 2009.

[913] Romaric Guillier and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Pathnif, 2009.

[914] Guilherme Koslovski and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Vxdl parser, 2009.

[915] Dino Lopez Pacheco, Anne-Cecile Orgerie, and Laurent Lefèvre. Xcp-i : Interoperable explicit control protocol, 2006.

[916] Olivier Mornard and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Hipernet, 2009.

[917] Pablo Neira Ayuso and Laurent Lefèvre. Sne : Stateful network equipment, 2006.

[918] Marcelo Pasin, Sebastien Soudan, and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Buld data transfer scheduling service, 2008.

[919] Pablo Pazos Rey and Laurent Lefèvre. Lscan : Large scale deployment of autonomic networks, 2006.

[920] Sebastien Soudan and Romaric Guillier. Tcp raw, 2009.

[921] Sebastien Soudan and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Floc : Flow control, 2009.

[922] Sebastien Soudan and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Vx calendar, 2009.

[923] Sebastien Soudan and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Vx scheduler, 2009.

[924] Sebastien Soudan and Pascale Vicat-Blanc Primet. Vx topology, 2009.

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 TotalACL - International and national peer-reviewed journal 5 4 2 12 9 32INV - Invited conferences 0 10 12 15 10 47ACT - International and national peer-reviewed conference proceedings 14 18 21 26 25 104COM / AFF - Short communications and posters in international and nationalconferences and workshops 1 3 6 7 5 22

192 Part 8. Reso

OS - Scientific books and book chapters 1 0 0 1 4 6OV - Scientific popularization 0 0 0 0 2 2DO - Book or Proceedings editing 4 2 3 4 5 18AP - Other PublicationsTH - Doctoral Dissertations and Habilitation Theses 1 2 0 2 6 11

Total 26 39 44 67 66 242