8. Biodiversity

8/11/2019 8. Biodiversity

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WHAT IS BIODIVERSITY?

In its narrowest sense this term refers to the number of species

on the planet


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Biological diversity or biodiversity refers to the numberand variety of life forms found within a specified

geographic region. This includes the different plants, animals and

microorganisms, the genes they contain, and the ecosystemsthey form.

This living wealth is the product of hundreds of millions of

years of evolutionary history.


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Biodiversity alsoprovides us with a

community of life,

with which we share

planet Earth, andthe opportunity to

practice thoughtful

stewardship.


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Genetic diversity is the variation in the genetic

composition of individuals in a population,community or species

Evolves as a result of many different processes:e.g. chromosomal/sequence mutation, and

physical or behavioural isolation of populations

Allows individuals to adapt to differentconditions. Thus, high genetic diversity increases

ability of populations and species to survivemajor changes in their environment (e.g. climatechange)


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GENETIC DIVERSITY


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Species diversity is the variety ofspecies (group of interbreedingorganisms) in a particular habitator ecosystem.

About 1.75 million speciesdescribed. Total number estimatedat approx 12.5 million, but could

be anything from 5-100 million.There may be 10 millionundescribed species in the deepsea alone!

The diversity of the smallerorganisms (e.g. phytoplankton, theplants of sea) is less well knownthan the larger organisms (e.g.mammals such as dolphins andwhales).


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SPECIES DIVERSITY


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Ecosystem diversity describes the variation in all living

and non-living things in a particular geographic or

ecological region. Ecosystems comprise unique

combinations of animals, plants, micro-organisms andphysical characteristics that define a location.


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ECOSYSTEM DIVERSITY


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Consumptive value

Productive value

Social values

Ethical values

Aesthetic value

Option value


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BIODIVERSITY AT GLOBAL

LEVEL
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:View_from_Bukit_Terisek.jpg


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RAINFOREST ARE AMONG THE

MOST BIODIVERSE ECOSYSTEMIN THE WORLD
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:View_from_Bukit_Terisek.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:View_from_Bukit_Terisek.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:View_from_Bukit_Terisek.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:View_from_Bukit_Terisek.jpg


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DISTRIBUTION OF TROPICAL

FOREST


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BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOTS


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WHAT THREATENS BIODIVERSITY?

Many human activities have a negative effect upon our

biodiversity.

Each time we change the natural environment we change theenvironment that biodiversity lives in.


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THREATS TO BIODIVERSITY

Species extinction and habitat loss

Today, biodiversity loss is 1000 times higher than the ratesfound in the fossil record


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MAJOR THREAT TO

BIODIVERSITY

CONGRESS GRASS


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CONGRESS GRASS

(PARTHENIUM)

POACHING OF WILDLIFE


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POACHING OF WILDLIFE


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MAN - WILDLIFE CONFLICTS

BIODIVERSITY LOSSES LOSS


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Tropical cone snails contain toxins

which show promise for treatingsome forms of cancer and heart

irregularities. One toxin may be a

thousand times more potent than

morphine for pain relief.

But millions of cone snails are now killed annually fortheir shells, and their habitats are under pressure.

BIODIVERSITY LOSSES = LOSS

OF SERVICES & POTENTIAL

HELPFUL PRODUCTS


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ENDANGERED !!!!!!


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CITES (the Convention on

International Trade in Endangered

Species of Wild Fauna and Flora)

is an international agreement

between governments.

Its aim is to ensure that

international trade in specimens of

wild animals and plants does not

threaten their survival.

ENDEMIC SPECIES OF INDIA


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ENDEMIC SPECIES OF INDIA


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HOW DO WE SUSTAIN

AND PRESERVE


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RESOURCES ARE

LIMITED.................................

SLOW DOWN RESOURCE USAGE

AND CONTROL WASTAGE


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CURB ILLEGAL LOGGING


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CONSTRUCTION OF DAMS ????????


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NATIONAL PARKS OF INDIA


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NATIONAL PARKS OF INDIA


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TIGER CUBS IN CHENNAI'S


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TIGER CUBS IN CHENNAI'S

VANDALOOR ZOO NAMED

ARJUNA, KAVERI, NETHRA


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MUST HAVE

COMMITMENT

PASSION

RESPECT FOR ENVIROMENT AND

NATURE


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WITH SUSTAINABLE USE OF BIOLOGICAL

DIVERSITY A REAL PRIORITY, WE CAN ENSURE

A NEW AND SUSTAINABLE RELATIONSHIP

BETWEEN HUMANITY

AND THE

NATURAL WORLD FOR GENERATIONS TO COME.

Documents

8. Biodiversity