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7th CATO day 1 July 2011 Utrecht

Presentationsby CATO PhD students

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Sayee Prasaad Balaji

Modeling the Absorption of Carbon Dioxide in Liquid SolventsTU Delft | Post-Combustion Capture

– Project duration: Dec 2010 – Dec 2014– Supervisor: Prof. Dr. ir. Thijs J.H. Vlugt

– Main research question: A single model explaining the fundamental mechanism of CO2 absorption in liquid solvents is yet to be developed. The aim is to create a model via molecular simulations for a better understanding and to develop better solvents.

– Relevance for introduction CCS: Liquid solvents, e.g. amines, have been instrumental in CO2 absorption in many industries; the use of newer, better solvents over existing ones can improve energy efficiency and also be environmental friendly

– First/expected results: Specialized Monte Carlo algorithms have been formulated and are now being implemented in code

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CO2 capture in the industrial sector Project start: April 2010 - Utrecht University Supervisor: M. van den Broek, A. Faaij (UU)

Main research questionWhat is the techno-economic performance and practical implementations (plot space, retrofit, reliability) of implementing and operating CO2 capture in the industry?

Relevance for introduction CCS• Insight in the economic costs and practical feasibility of CCS in industry• Starting point for formulation of strategy to effectively reduce CO2 emissions

First expected results - Overview of techno-economic performance of: - Three main capture technologies (post-, pre-, oxyfuel combustion) for five existing industrial plants in the Netherlands

• Different CO2 capture-network configurations for a small cluster of 10-15 industrial plants in the Botlek area (Rijnmond Rotterdam)

Niels Berghout

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Anne Sjoerd Brouwer

Fitting CCS optimally into a sustainable energy system

UU & ECN WP 2.2

– Project duration: Oct. 2010 to Oct. 2014– Supervisors: Machteld van den Broek, Ad Seebregts– Main research question: How can large scale CCS be optimally

fitted in a sustainable energy system in NL in the medium and long term?

– Relevance for introduction CCS: CCS may be deployed simultaneously with other emission reduction technologies. Potential synergies and conflicts are investigated from a system perspective.

– First/expected results: Operational impacts of intermittent renewable sources on the electricity generation system & how to model these.

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Sorbent development for IGCC polygenerationECN & TU Delft, WP 1.2 Pre-Combustion Capture

– Project duration: 2011-2015– Supervisors: Prof. Hans Geerlings & dr Wim Haije

Soledad van Eijk

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Satesh Gangarapu

Computational Studies on CO2 - Amine interactions, Wageningen university and WP1.1F3– Project duration: 4 years– Supervisors: Dr. Ton Marcelis and Prof. Han Zuilhof– Main research question: Study the interactions between

CO2 and alkanolamines by quantum chemical methods– Relevance for introduction CCS: Improve solvents for post

combustion capture method– First/expected results: So far I have studied the influence

of F-substituents on the pKa of several alkanolamines which can be useful for CO2 absorption.

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Zaman ZiabakhshGanji

Geochemical and solute transport modelling of CO2 storage in saline aquifers and depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs,

– Project duration: 4 years– Supervisor: Dr. Henk Kooi– Geochemical implications of injecting gas mixtures rather

than pure CO2, effect of SO2 and H2S associated with CO2 injection, selecting suitable Equation of State, determination of solubility of each impure gas using access methods.

– The roles of antecedent brine, mineral composition and heterogeneity of the formation

– Pressure and Temperature Influences– fluid-gas-mineral phases

Vrije Universiteit WP: 3.2 Reservoir behaviour

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Paul Hamers

Chemical-looping combustion (CLC) TU/e, WP1.3F2

– December 2010 – November 2014– Martin van Sint Annaland, Fausto Gallucci

– CLC: indirect combustion process for energy generation

Low energy penalty for CO2 capture

– Objective: further developing of CLC

Partners: ECN and TNO

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Alexander Kachko

Raman study of CO2 absorptionRWTH-Aachen University*, TU Delft**. Post-Combustion Capture WP.

– Project duration: 4 years – started on May 11th, 2011

– Supervisors: Prof. Dr.-Ing. André Bardow*, Prof.Dr.Ir. Thijs J.H. Vlugt**.

– Main research question: Rapid identification of intrinsic kinetics for reaction and mass transfer in aqueous amine solutions. Separate diffusion and reaction kinetics.

– Relevance for introduction CCS:Intrinsic kinetics provide better basis for scale-up.Fundamental basis for optimization of novel solvent systems.

– First/expected results: Model-based development of a measurement concept based on 1D-spatially-resolved Raman spectroscopy of MEA as model compound with data from literature to describe VLE, diffusion and reaction kinetics of CO2 in aqueous solution.

* Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University** Engineering Thermodynamics, TU Delft

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Alex Kirichek

CO2

Integrated geophysical monitoring of CO2 sequestration: PhD project, TU Delft, WP 3.8

– Project duration: 01.12.10 – 30.11.14 (Supervisor: Dr. Ranajit Ghose)

– Main research question: derive and experimentally validate the rock physical models for use in a combined seismic and electrical monitoring approach for CO2 sequestration

– Relevance in CCS: prediction of potential hazards for the cap rock and CO2 plume movement, determination of pressure build-ups

– First results: lab facility building, initial seismic+electrical measurements, integrated seismic-electrical monitoring, conversion of geophysical reservoir parameters

CO2

electrode

seismictransducers

seismicelectrical

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Marlinde Knoope

Developing optimal infrastructure pathways for CCS deployment University Utrecht, WP 2.2Supervised by: A. Ramirez and A. FaaijProject duration: 2010-2014

What is the most cost-effective way to develop and scaling-up a CO2 transport infrastructure in the Netherlands under different regulatory scenarios?

– Pipelines versus boats– Point-to-point versus network– Maps of transport infrastructure

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Barbara Sophia Koelbl

Sector and macro-economic costs and benefits of CCSSupervised by: M. van den Broek, A. Faaij Project duration: 2011-2014

Main research question: What are the costs and benefits of large scale implementation of CCS on a sector and macro-economic level in comparison to other mitigation strategies?

Relevance for introduction of CCS: •Decision basis for policy makers•For economic actors to anticipate changes

First expected results: •The possible ranges of the future deployment of CCS and of the composition of the future energy mix

• Impact of the uncertainty in technical parameters on the role of CCS in the future

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Charlotte Koot c.koot@fsw.leidenuniv.nl

Resistance of beliefs about CCS against low-quality informationLeiden University – CATO-2 WP 5.4

Project duration: August 2010 – August 2014Supervisors: Prof. dr. Naomi Ellemers and Dr. Emma ter Mors

Main research questionWhich elements of communication influence whether people are able to form definite (closed) opinions about CCS?

Relevance for introduction CCSDefinite (closed) opinions are predictive of actual support of, or opposition to CCS.

Preliminary resultsExpert information is no guarantee for formation of a definite opinion:Under certain circumstances, non-expert information can be perceived as even more helpful in forming definite opinions than expert information.

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Asiya Kudarova

4C Seismic Permanent MonitoringTU Delft, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Section Applied Geophysics & Petrophysics

– Project duration: 4 years (started June 2011)– Supervisor: Dr. ir. G. G. Drijkoningen– Main research question:

Gas inclusions effect on seismic monitoring– Relevance for introduction CCS:

Monitoring of CO2 storage, e.g.: where does CO2 reside, and remain, in subsurface?

– First/expected results: in 1 year

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Arnold Mulder

The CCS Value Chain and incentive systemsUniversity of Groningen, wp 2.2

– Project duration: 4 years (started dec. 2010)– Supervisor: C. Jepma, A. Faaij & S. Brakman– Main research question: “Which incentive framework

facilitates the large-scale deployment of CCS in the EU across multiple sectors in the most effective and efficient manner, in support of the 2050 reduction target?”

– Relevance for introduction CCS: Without a sufficiently strong and stable incentive, the industry will not invest in CCS.

– First/expected results: The Emissions Trading Scheme is not capable to facilitate CCS roll-out.

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Anne Pluymakers

Experimental investigation of faulted and mechanically damaged caprocks and the effects of carbon dioxidePhD @ Universiteit Utrecht, WP. 3.3Supervisor: Chris Spiers

Why?If caprock integrity is compromised CO2 can escape back to the atmosphere

How? Acquire data on behaviour of caprocks and fault rock through lab experiments

Result?A process-based understanding of the mechanical behaviour of different seals and the influence of CO2

Main research question: Will the injection of CO2 alter the sealing capacity of the (damaged) caprock?

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Naveen R

Kinetics of absorption of CO2 into alcohol and aqueous alkanolamine systems

– Project duration: 01/2011 - 12/2014– Supervisor: Prof. dr. ir. Geert Versteeg– Main research question: Reduction in cost of regeneration– Relevance for introduction CCS: savings in CO2 capture cost– Initial Phase: 02/2011- Present: literature review, preliminary experimentsPath forward:08/2011- End: Kinetics, reaction mechanism and physical

properties data

WP1.1F7 - Multiple Phases Absorption Liquids

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Saskia Roels

CO2 storage in aquifer, TU Delft, WP 3.2

– Project duration: 2010-2014– Supervisor: Prof. P.L.J. Zitha– Main research question:

Which mechanisms play a significant role in aquifer storage?

– Relevance for introduction CCS:Develop injection strategies for maximum and

safe storage– First/expected results:

Measurements of CO2 dissolution in pure water/brine during a core experiment

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Aditya Thallam Thattai

Carbon Capture & Polygeneration for IGCC plants – System/Cycle Design

– Project duration: Feb 2011 – Feb 2015– Supervisor: Prof. Hans Geerlings(SHELL/TU Delft)

Prof. B. J. Boersma (TU Delft)

– Main research question: Can an IGCC plant with carbon capture be designed with minimum efficiency penalty by taking advantage of potential polygeneration ??

– Relevance for introduction CCS: Pre-combustion carbon capture involves decarbonation of fuel prior to combustion, resulting in a mixture of water vapour and air as the stack gases of the cycle.

– Expected results: Development of reference/base case designs with and without carbon capture & polygeneration which will be used for future optimization studies.

TU Delft | WP 1.2- Pre-combustion Capture

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Carsten Trapp

CO2 Catch-up project, Plant operation and optimization

• Project duration: 2009 – 2013; SP1 Capture• Supervisor: Dr. ir. Piero Colonna

What: IGCC with pre-combustion capture

Why: System optimization

Energy, CO2 capture rate & Dynamics

How: Steady-state & Dynamic process modeling

Pilot plant operation

CO2 capture pilot plant at Buggenum IGCC

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Rens Veneman

Solid sorbents for post-combustion CO2 capture

University of Twente, WP1.1F5 Adsorptive systems

– Project duration: April 2011 - April 2015– Supervisor: Dr. Ir. D.W.F. Brilman– Main research question:

Is adsorptive capture technology superior to amine scrubbing?

– Relevance for introduction CCS:Reduction in CO2 capture costs

– First results:Successful long-term continuous capture experiments

in CFB

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Project duration: March 2010 – March 2014Supervisors: Prof. dr. Naomi Ellemers & Dr. Bart W. Terwel

Main research question:“How do organizational communications about CCS affect public perceptions about CCS and the organizations involved?”

Relevance for introduction CCS:Organizational communications shape public reactions to CCS implementation

First results: Public perceptions about corporate greenwashing (i.e., the belief that an organization is presenting itself as more environmentally- friendly than it actually is) are influenced by the motive an energy company communicates for its investment in CCS.

Gerdien de Vriesvriesgde@fsw.leidenuniv.nl

Framing Effects in Communication about CCS Leiden University (CATO-2 WP 5.2)

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– Supervisor: prof. dr. C.J. Spiers

– Relevance for introduction CCS:– Feasibility of subsurface storage?– Wellbores: holes in the cheese!– Leakage? Wellbore integrity key!

– My research:– High-PT experiments– Microphysical models– Investigate the coupled effects of

chemical reactions and mechanical damage on sealing capacity

Chemical-mechanical effects of CO2 and brine on wellbore system integrity Utrecht University – WP3.04

Caprock

Reservoir

Tim Wolterbeek

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Traineegroup TNO

“CATO-2: Connecting with the public”, TNO

– Project duration: June 2011 – January 2012– Supervisor: S. van Egmond / J. Brouwer– Main research question: “How can CATO- 2

responsibly be more active in communication to create public awareness for CCS technology and its utility?”

– Relevance for introduction CCS: Public awareness and knowledge about CCS and its utility is important, if not crucial, for introduction of CCS.

– First/expected results: autumn 2011

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andthe winner is

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