7th AIDS HIV Awareness 1-25-10

7/29/2019 7th AIDS HIV Awareness 1-25-10

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AIDS / HIV awareness7th Grade

2009-2010

By:

Shelby County Schools

John Aitken, Superintendent


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+Notice

This curriculum will be taught on the dates determined by theDepartment of Curriculum & Accountability. These dates will be

determined annually.

Only teachers who have attended Family Life Workshops or training

conducted or sponsored by the Shelby County Department of

Curriculum & Accountability may teach this curriculum.

Family Life Curriculum

Adopted 1991

Revised Summer, 1997

Updated Fall, 2001

Revised Summer, 2009


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AIDS:

Image of AIDS virus.

Acquired Immune

Deficiency

Syndrome


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HIV

HIV exiting a cell.

Human

Immunodeficiency

Virus


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+History of disease

An epidemic is usually defined as a disease that is spread tomany individuals at one time

In the history of the world there have been many epidemics that

have devastated the population. Examples are the BubonicPlague, Influenza, small pox, and others that have decimatedthe population.

Memphis was nearly extinguished as a city in the late 1880s bya series of epidemics of Yellow Fever. It was not until Memphis

established a Dept. of Health that the epidemics ended. TheDept. of Health established proper sanitation protocols andthus ended the epidemics, and as a result, Memphis flourishedand revived.


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+History of disease

One famous disease that was so world wide that it was labeled

as pandemic, was the Black Plague in the 13th century.

The people of that day didnt know that disease. People

transmitted the disease to each other and as a result over 25% of

the population died.

One superstition held that if you circled with roses in your pocket

that you would be cured. Originally, a childrens game, Ring

Around the Roses, came from individuals who were mocking that

superstition.

It wasnt until sanitation improved that the disease was silenced.


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+History of disease

Another epidemic of world proportion was the Spanish

Influenza which occurred at the end of WWI.

This time a virus was the culprit. The spread was individual to

individual by contact.

Over 30% of the worlds population died from this.


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+History of disease

Many diseases are held in check today by inoculation

(immunizations) or oral (immunization medicine in the mouth)

medications.

Examples of this are smallpox and polio vaccinations. Smallpox

has virtually disappeared in the world as a result


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+AIDS

AIDS is a disease that has become pandemic (world-wide)

AIDS is the end stages of the a disease that is caused by HIV.

AIDS is an acronym standing for Acquired Immune Deficiency

Syndrome.

AIDS is not genetic or congenital nor is it passed by casual

contact.

Immune refers to the body system that the disease attacks.

Deficiency describes the effect this disease has on the immune

system. Immune deficiency means that the body is unable to

defend itself from outside disease.

Syndrome refers to a set or series of signs or symptoms that are

considered characteristic of this disease.


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+HIV

HIV is the virus that causes AIDS.

The letters stand for Human Immunodeficiency Virus.

The HIV virus can only be acquired from another human who is

infected with this virus. It can only be acquired from another

human by a very narrow range of activities or behaviors.

Once an individual is infected by participating in one of these

activities or behaviors, that person can infect anyone, but only

by sharing in these activities or behaviors.

An individual infected with HIV is said to be HIV positive or

seropositive.


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+HIV

An individual may be infected for years with HIV and yet show

no outward signs of infection.

No one can tell if an individual is infected with HIV by justlooking at another individual. Only by extensive blood tests can

a diagnosis be arrived at.

An overwhelming number of individuals who are tested positive

with HIV progress to AIDS.


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+More Facts

HIV progresses with little or no symptoms except that there isusually an illness much like the flu or mononucleosis.

After about a week, the symptoms will disappear.

In many cases, AIDS can take up to 10 years until the symptoms

indicative of AIDS will appear.

During that time, the individual may infect others.

AIDS is considered an opportunistic disease.

This means that these diseases may not harm the majority of the

population because their immune system successfully guards

against these diseases.

The marvelously constructed human body has a plethora of

safeguards, both chemical and biological, that protect it.


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+Statistics

Every day, over 6800 people contract HIV and over 5700die from AIDS.

33.2 million people are living with HIV.

AIDS kills one child every minute.

Roughly one million people are living with HIV/AIDS inthe United States.

Since the start of the AIDS epidemic, 1.5 million

Americans have been infected with HIV and more than524,000 have died of AIDS.

At least 40,000 people are infected each year.


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+Our defense

Before the development of vaccines, the only way to gain

antibody protection against a disease was to have the disease.

If you managed to live through it, antibodies manufactured by

your body would usually prevent future infection with the same

disease. This process is how a cure for smallpox was

developed.

Today, we are able to develop vaccines for most commonly

occurring illnesses.


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+Our Defense

The body has two main lines of defense against organismswhich cause communicable diseases.

The first of these is an intact body covering and physical and

chemical devices which prevent the entry of organisms into the body

system.

As long as the skin is intact, bacteria and viruses cannot enter

the body system. Internal systems such as: hairs lining the

nose, mouth and throat; and mucous membranes lining most

body cavities (saliva in the mouth, tears in the eyes, and acid inthe stomach) effectively ward off disease-causing organisms by

biological and chemical means before they imperil the human

body.


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+Our defense

Once disease-causing organisms penetrate these outer

defenses, the body has another line of defense: the immune

system.

The antigens they secrete are important in this identification, and

the immune system immediately begins the production of antibodies

which render the invading organisms ineffective.

This is why individuals who receive transplants must rely on

medications that dampen the immune system or the body wouldreject the transplant.


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+Our Defense

Lymphocytes or white blood cells protect the body against

diseases in the immune system.

These cells are called T-Cells and B- Cells.

The B-Cells produce antibodies (proteins used to fight offinvaders) while the T- Cells control the action of the B-Cell.


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+T-Cells and B- Cells

The T-4 cell begins the process.

Another type of T-Cell, the killer T-Cell, destroys

all body cells that have been harmed by thedisease at hand.

Another T-Cell stops the killer T-Cell once the process has

been completed.

A fourth T-Cell imprints the message and sets up records sothat the immune system remembers how to defend against a

disease that has been successfully annihilated.


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+T cells and B - cells

HIV infects and becomes active only in T-4 cells so that the

normal process of antibody production is disturbed.

Interestingly, once the HIV invades the T-4 cells, the T-4 cells

form more HIV until the cell dies because all of its material is

used in the replication of HIV. The new HIV now infects otherT-4 cells, constantly increasing the numbers of HIV in the body.


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+T-Cells and B-Cells

AS a result of HIV acquisition of the T-4 cells, less T-4 cells areable to activate the B-Cells.

Because of the less amount of B-cells, when an opportunistic

disease invades, antibody production is compromised and the

body can no longer fight off common organisms.

The T-Cell count in healthy individuals is between 1400- 1500.

Once the cell count drops below 300, the individual is

considered to be on the threshold of AIDS.


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+Medications

Medications such as AZT or ddl are usually prescribed. Both of

these drugs help stop the deterioration of T-4 cells, but they do

not stop it. There are many new medications that the FDA has

approved for the use of AIDS patients, but individuals have

difficulty tolerating.


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A diagnosis of AIDS is not made unless an infection like PCPpneumonia or Kaposis sarcoma occurs. In many patients, who have

full blown Aids, T-4 counts may go below 10 thus increasing the

likelihood that the individual will be subjected to many opportunistic

diseases.

Further

Information

on AIDS


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Further information

There are many diseases that HIV and AIDS

individuals are susceptible to including: systemic

herpes (sores over the entire body, especially the

mouth, hands and feet), thrush, blindness,tuberculosis, fungal infections, histoplasmosis, but

healthy individuals are able to ward off the

devastating results because of the sound immune

system.

Current research is investigating many avenues of

possible cure &/or stabilization of the disease.

Meanwhile, the disease has become pandemic in

nature endangering continents and the populations

that live there.


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+Prevention (How to NOT get HIV or AIDS)

Two healthy behaviors must be practiced to ensure

that HIV is not transmitted:

1. NEVER use IV drugs

2. ABSTAIN from sexual intercourse until marriage to a

partner who is also HIV free.


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+Resources

www.healthypeople.gov

www.YouthAids.org

http://www.lib.uiowa.edu/hardin/md/index.html

http://research.amnh.org/exhibitions/epidemic/hepb.html

http://www.avert.org/photos.htm
http://www.healthypeople.gov/http://www.youthaids.org/http://www.lib.uiowa.edu/hardin/md/index.htmlhttp://research.amnh.org/exhibitions/epidemic/hepb.htmlhttp://www.avert.org/photos.htmhttp://www.avert.org/photos.htmhttp://research.amnh.org/exhibitions/epidemic/hepb.htmlhttp://www.lib.uiowa.edu/hardin/md/index.htmlhttp://www.youthaids.org/http://www.healthypeople.gov/

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7th AIDS HIV Awareness 1-25-10