(7)Acids and Bases

8/12/2019 (7)Acids and Bases

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Chapter 7 : Acids and Bases

CHAPTER 7: ACIDS AND BASESOBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

1. Which of the following statement is the best to define an acid?A. acid is a hydrogen acceptor

B. acid is a chemical substance that produce hydrogen ionC. acid is a chemical substance that produce hydroxide ionD. acid is a chemical substance that produce hydrogen ion when dissolved

in water

. What is the property of acid when it dissolved in water?A. the p! value higher than "B. neutrali#e sodium hydroxide solutionC. unable change blue litmus paper to redD. non reaction with dry calcium carbonate

$. Which of the following acids and bases below are not used in manufacturingfertili#er?A. nitric acidB. sulphuric acidC. barium hydroxideD. ammonium hydroxide

%. Which of the following are true about solution of p! %?A. non reaction with carbonate saltB. turns red litmus paper to blueC. reacts with oxygen and release hydrogen gas

D. the colour of solution change to pin& when phenolphthalein is added

'. Which of the following substances show the properties of an acid?A. (il&B. )oapC. *emon +uiceD. ,oothpaste

-. Which of the following gas is colourless?A. ChlorineB. Bromine gasC. )ulphur dioxideD. itrogen dioxide

". Which of the following is a strong acid?A. Acetic acidB. /ormic acidC. 0xalic acidD. hosphoric acid


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A. 4 and 44 onlyB. 4 and 444 onlyC. 4= 44 and 4< onlyD. 4= 44 = 444 and 4t.C. Base insoluble in water but al&alis soluble in water.D. Base exist in li:uid form but al&alis exist in solid form.

1'. 4f you have to measure 8 cm$of sodium hydroxide solution for titrationprocess and there is no pipette 8 cm$in the laboratory= what is the "e#tapparatus to carry out an experiment?

A. BuretteB. ipette ' cm$

C. (easuring cylinderD. ;lectronic balance

1-. A few drop of methyl orange are added into dilute nitric acid solution andsodium hydroxide solution. Which of the following give the correct colour forthe both solution?

Dilute nitric acid )odium hydroxide solutionA. 0range in&B. ellow in&C. ellow 0range

D. in& ellow

1". 4n an experiment= an a:ueous @ solution is added with anhydrus sodiumcarbonate. as is produced and turns the lime water mil&y. What is ana:ueous @ solution?

A. Al&alisB. AcidC. ;stersD. Alcohol

12. A few of dilute sulphuric acid are added drop by drop into a bea&er filledwith pottasium hydroxide solution. What is the changes occur in the contentof the solution?

A. White precipitate is formedB. p! of the solution increasesC. ,he number of 0!ion become decreaseD. ,he number of water molecules decrease


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16. 3p5 !3a&5 3a&5 !3g5

Which of the following reaction cannotrepresent the e:uation above?A. 7in& sulphuric acidB. (agnesium sulphuric acid

C. Aluminium dilute hydrochloric acidD. (agnesium dilute hydrochloric acid

8. A student mix 18 cm$of 8.1 mol dm9$sulphuric acid into 18 cm$of 8.1 moldm9$sodium hydroxide solution. Which of the following statements is true?

A. White precipitate is formedB. (ixture produced cannot conduct electricityC. (ixture produced changed a blue litmus paper to redD. (ixture produced changed the colour of methyl orange indicator to

yellow

1. Which of the following reaction is a neutrali#ation reaction?A. 7inc nitric acidB. Copper 3445 oxide sulphuric acidC. Copper 3445 carbonate hydrochloric acidD. (agnesium oxide sodium hydroxide

. Dry hydrogen chloride gas is flowed into dry methylben#ene for a fewminutes. Which of the following is true about the solution obtained?

A. ;lectrolyte is performedB. Contains hydrogen chloride moleculeC. Blue litmus paper turns red

D. Eeacts with #inc powder to produce effervescence gas

$. Which of the following is the $i!$e#tp! value?A. 8.' mol dm9$sulphuric acidB. 8.' mol dm9$hydrochloric acidC. 8.' mol dm9$a:ueous ammonia solutionD. 8.' mol dm9$potassium a:ueous ammonia solution

%. ,he reaction between a solution and magnesium ribbon produceeffervescence. Which of the following solutions will produce effervescence?

A. Ammonia in waterB. !ydrogen chloride in waterC. Ammonia in methylben#eneD. !ydrogen chloride in methylben#ene


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'. Which of the following e:uations is a neutrali#ation process?A. !$3g5 !03l5 !%0! 3a:5B. 7n3s5 Cu

3a:5 7n

3a:5 Cu3s5C. !)0%3a:5 !03l5 !$03a:5 )0%

93a:5D. Cu03s5 !0$3a:5 Cu30$53a:5 !03l5

-. ,he difference between nitric acid and sulphuric acid can be determine by

4. *ead 3445 oxide44. A:ueous ammonia solution444. Barium hydroxide4


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$8. ;:uation below represents the neutrali#ation between nitrate acid andbarium hydroxide.

!0$ Ba30!5 Ba30$5 !0

18.8 cm$of 8.1 mol dm9$barium hydroxide is titrated with 8.1 mol dm 9$nitrate acid. 4f the initial reading of the burette is 18.8 cm$= what is the finalreading of the burette?

A. 1'.8 cm$

B. 8.8 cm$

C. $8.8 cm$

D. %8.8 cm$

$1. 8.8 cm$of 8.' mol dm9$of a particular acid needs '8.8 cm$of 8.- mol dm9$sodium hydroxide to form a complete neutrali#ation. Which of the followingmolecular formula is the "e#tacid to use?

A. !0$B. !)0%C. !$0%D. C!$C00!

$. 1.% g calcium carbonate reacts with '8.8 cm$of .8 mol dm9$hydrochloricacid= !Cl. What is the mass of the calcium carbonate is left as a residue?3Eelative atomic massF != 1G Ca= %8G 0= 1-5

A. 1. gB. %.2 gC. -. gD. ".% g

$$. 188 cm$of mol dm9$ hydrochloric acid has reacted with '8 cm$of moldm9$sodium hydroxide solution. What is the mass of sodium chlorideproduced?3Eelative atomic massF != 1G a= $G 0= 1-G Cl= $'.'5

A. $.$8 gB. '.2' gC. 11."8 gD. 1$.'8 g

$%. What is the mass of calcium hydroxide is re:uired to prepare '88 cm$of 8.%

mol dm9$calcium hydroxide solution?3Eelative atomic massF != 1G Ca= %8G 0= 1-5

A. 11.% gB. 1%.2 gC. .2 gD. 6.- g


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$'. Which of the following contains 8.81 mol hydroxide ion?A. ' cm$of 8. mol dm9$barium hydroxideB. %8 cm$of 8. mol dm9$potassium hydroxideC. '8 cm$of 8. mol dm9$calcium hydroxideD. 28 cm$of 8. mol dm9$sodium hydroxide

$-. %.8 g of sodium hydroxide dissolved in distilled water to form '8 cm$solutions. What is the concentration of the solution produced?

A. 18 g dm9$

B. 1' g dm9$

C. 1- g dm9$

D. 8 g dm9$

$". 1'.1g of solid H is dissolved in water to produce 88 cm$of solution. ,hemolarity of this solution is 8.- mol dm9$. What is the relative molecularmass of solid H?

A. '-B. 18-C. 1-D. 122

$2. Which of the following solutions is the concentration of 8.1 mol dm9$ ?3 Eelative atomic mass F =1% G !=1 G 0=1- G Cl=$'.' G a=$ G )= $ 5

A. 6.' g dm9$of sulphuric acidB. $.' g dm9$of hydrochloric acidC. %.' g dm9$of sodium hydroxideD. 18.- g dm9$of sodium carbonate solution

$6. ,he e:uation below represents the reaction between metal I and copper 3445

sulphate.

I Cu)0% I)0% Cu

What is the volume of 1.8 mol dm 9$of copper 3445 sulphate needed to reactwith 8.6 g of metal I?3Eelative atomic massF I= $5

A. 1' cm$

B. 8 cm$

C. $8 cm$

D. -8 cm$


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%8. 88 cm$of distilled water is added to '88 cm$of .8 mol dm9$sodiumhydroxide solution. What is the molarity of the solution produced?

A. .8 x '881888

B. .8 x "881888

C. .8 x '8888

D. .8 x '88"88

%1. '8 cm$of .8 mol dm9$potassium hydroxide reacts with the excess dilute

sulphuric acid to produce potassium sulphate. ,he same mass ofpotassium sulphate is obtained when the excess of dilute sulphuric acidreacts withJJ

4. %8 cm$of .%8 mol dm9$potassium hydroxide44. 28 cm$of 1.' mol dm9$potassium hydroxide444. 1'8 cm$of 1.8 mol dm9$potassium hydroxide4


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STRUCTURED QUESTION

SECTION A1.

%i!ure &

/igure show the information for anhydrous organic acid= .

3a5 What is the meaning of wea& acid?

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3b5 *i:uid which is dissolve in methylben#ena does not show the propertiesof acid . Why ?

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3c5 Dilute potassium hydroxide solution was reacts with and produce salt.

3i5 ame the type of reaction occur.KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

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3ii5 Write chemical e:uation for this reactions.KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

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3d5 Acid was dissolved in water and the solution produced was added withsodium carbonate solid.

3i5 )tate one observation for this reaction. KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

L1 mar&M 3ii5 ame the gas produced.

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)ubstance F Anhydrous organic acid)tate F *i:uid/ormula F C!%0,ype of acid F Wea& acidroperties of acid F Dissolve in water and dissolve in methylben#ena


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3iii5 )tate one test which can be done to confirmed the presence of gas. .

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. Dry hydrogen chloride gas dissolved in methylben#ena produced solution and dissolved in water to produce solution I.

,est 0bservation

)olution )olution I

Add with

magnesium tape

o reaction ;ffervescence

occurAdd with bluelitmus

o reaction Blue litmus changeto red

Ta"'e (

,able 1 show the test carried out on solution and solution I.

3a5 When magnesium tape is added into solution I= a gas is produced whilesolution does not have any changes.

3i5 Why solution does not has any reaction when react with magnesium

tape ? KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

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3ii5 ame the gas produced.KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

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3b5 4f solution I is add with dilute nitric acid and followed with argentum nitrate.

3i5 )tate the observation for this reaction. KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

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3ii5 Write the ionic e:uation for this reaction. KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

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3c5 '.8 cm$ sodium hydroxide 8.' mol dm9$ react completely with 8.8 cm$solution I. Calculate the molarity of solution I.

LEelative molecule mass F I= $-.'M

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Section B

1 3a5 ,he chemical e:uation below represent reaction between hydrochloric acidand calcium carbonate.

!Cl 3a:5 CaC0$3a:5 CaCl3a:5 C03g5 !0 3ce5

3i5 Calculate the mass of calcium carbonate that is re:uired if %28 cm$of carbon

dioxide gas produce at room temperature.L1 mol of gas occupies %dm$at room temperature=molecule relative mass F Ca= %8G C= 1G 0= 1-M

3ii5 Calculate the volume of water that is added to 8 cm$of .8 mol dm9$!Clto produce molarity 8. mol dm9$!Cl.

,ype of acid (olarity 3mol dm9$5 p! value

!ydrochloric acid 8.' 1.8

;thanoic acid 8.' %.8

3b5 ,able above show the molarity and p! value for hydrochloric acid and

ethanoic acid. ;xplain why the p! value different between this two acid.

3c5 ou are re:uired to prepare anhydrus #inc sulphate salt. ,he chemicals aregiven as below F

Describe how you would carry out an experiment to show the preparationof salt. 4nclude the chemical e:uation in your explanation.

.3a5 What do you understand by the terms F

3i5 strong acid 3ii5 wea& acid L mar&sM

3b5 Briefly describle an experiment to determine the molarity of a sample ofethanoic acid= C!$C00! by titration method. ou are provided with 8.'mol dm9$sodium hydroxide solution and phenolphthalein as an indicator.

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itric acid= #inc chloride solution= sodium carbonate solution.


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3c5 ,he flow chart in diagram 2.1 below is to identify the cation and anion thatis present in #inc sulphate. Describle the method and observation involved.

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Pa,er -

1. An experiment is carried out to determine the relationship betweenthe concentration of !ions and the p! values for hydrochloric acid solution.

,he p! values for the six hydrochloric acid solutions with the concentrationsof 8.188 mol dm9$= 8.8-8 mol dm9$= 8.8%8 mol dm9$= 8.8' mol dm9$= 8.81'

mol dm9$= 8.818 mol dm9$ are each measured using a p! meter. ,hecorresponding p! values and the concentrations of the hydrochloric acid

solutions are shown in .i!ure (below.

%i!ure (

3a5 *ist the variables that are studied in this experiment.

3i5 (anipulated variable KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

3ii5 Eesponding variable KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

3iii5 /ixed variable KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

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1.0 1.2 1.4

1.6 1.8 2.0

,H/a'ue

,H)eter

nitricaci#o'ution


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3b5 )tate the hypothesis for this experiment. KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

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3c5 Construct a table and record the p! value= and concentration of !ion forthe experiment above.

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3d5 Based on result from the experiment in table 3c5= draw a graph ofconcentration of ! ion againt p! value.

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3e5 Based on the graph in 3d5= state the relationship between concentration !ion and p! value.

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3f5 4f hydrochloric acid replace with ethanoic acid= predict p! value for 8.188mol dm9$ethanoic acid.KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

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3g5 ,ooth paste can prevent damage of tooth. ;xplain why ?KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK


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. A sodium hydroxide standard solution is prepared by dissolving 1.18 g of sodiumhydroxide in glass container W to produce '8 cm$of solution. 8.8 cm$ of sodium

hydroxide solution is measured and put into a conical flas&. ,wo drops ofphenolphthalein are added. ,he sodium hydroxide solution is titrated with sulphuricacid in the burette. A few titrations are carried out to ensure accurate results. ,heinitial reading and final reading in the last titration are shown in /igure 1.

%i!ure (3a5 4n /igure 1= what is

3i5 the initial reading of the burette ? KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

3ii5 the final reading of the burette ? KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

3iii5 the volume of sulphuric acid used in the titration ? KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKL$ mar&sM

3b5 What is the meaning of a standard solution ?

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3c5 ame the apparatus3i5 W= KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

3ii5 used to measure 8.8 cm$of sodium hydroxide solution. KKKKKKKKKKKKKKK


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L mar&sM3d5 Write the chemical e:uation of the reaction between sodium hydroxide and

sulphuric acid.

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3e5 What is the change in the colour of phenolphthalein at the last stage ?

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L$ mar&sM3f5 Calculate the concentration of sodium hydroxide in mol dm9$

LEelative atomic mass F a= $G 0= 1-G !=1M

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3g5 ,he average volume of sulphuric acid used in three of the titrations is .88 cm$.Calculate the concentration of sulphuric acid used.

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(7)Acids and Bases