7.47 Analyze the growth and effects of new ways of disseminating information, ability to manufacture...
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7.47 Analyze the growth and effects of new ways of disseminating information, ability to manufacture paper, translation of the Bible into vernacular, and
7.47 Analyze the growth and effects of new ways of
disseminating information, ability to manufacture paper,
translation of the Bible into vernacular, and printing.
Slide 2
Objectives To understand that the Northern Renaissance produced
many great artists, writers, and scholars To understand how
printing and the use of the vernacular helped to spread Renaissance
ideas and increase learning. I know I have it down when I am able
to answer the questions on the quiz about these objectives.
Slide 3
Quick Quiz Your quiz will be your notes today. Make sure that
you read through all of your quiz now. That way you will be aware
when we are discussing one of your questions. You will be
completing the quiz as we go along in the notes. I will be
expecting good, detailed answers. When we are done with the notes
you will have 5 minutes to go back and make sure your answers are
complete and correct. After the 5 minutes we will be grading each
others papers.
Slide 4
Northern vs Italian The Northern Renaissance produced a second
wave of talented painters, writers, and scholars. They made
significant advances in the arts and learning. The Northern
Renaissance and the Italian Renaissance differed in several ways.
For one thing, northern European scholars did not study the
classics as much as Italian scholars did. In addition, northern
artists created works that were much more detailed in their
presentation of everyday life.
Slide 5
Albrecht Durer German Artist One figure who stood out for his
realistic and detailed works was the German artist Albrecht Drer.
He is considered by many to be the greatest German Renaissance
artist.
Slide 6
The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse - 1498 Drer also created
many woodcuts. A woodcut is a painted image produced from a wood
carving. One of the most famous of his woodcuts is The Four
Horsemen of the Apocalypse (1498). It portrays death, war, plague,
and faminefour forces that the Bible states will appear at the end
of the world.
Slide 7
Slide 8
Jan Van Eyck and Pieter Bruegel the Elder Jan Van Eyck and
Pieter Bruegel the Elder were two great Flemish painters. The term
Flemish describes the people from a region of northwest Europe
called Flanders (now in Belgium). Van Eyck often worked for wealthy
patrons. His paintings contain minute details and bright colors.
Many of these details have deeper meanings. For example, in one of
his paintings, a single high window in a room represents a single
God. Some of his more famous paintings are Annunciation and
Giovanni Arnolfini and his Bride.
Slide 9
Annunciation
Slide 10
Giovanni Arnolfini and his Bride
Slide 11
The paintings of Pieter Bruegel the Elder often show everyday
scenes such as peasants dancing or children playing. Like other
artists during the Northern Renaissance, Bruegel painted detailed
works.
Slide 12
Advances in Science and Technology The advances made during
both the Italian and Northern Renaissance occurred not just in the
arts. Scholars and thinkers of this age made breakthroughs in a
variety of fields, including mathematics, science, and
technology.
Slide 13
Math Renaissance scholars left their mark on a number of
academic fields. In mathematics, for example, thinkers advanced the
study of algebra by introducing the use of letters in algebraic
equations. Meanwhile, Renaissance scientists developed new theories
about the universe. They also developed a greater understanding of
the minerals and metals that made up Earths surface.
Slide 14
Science Scholars also made advances in the science-related
areas of anatomythe study of the human bodyand cartography, or
mapmaking. As they learned more about the world around them,
Europeans created more accurate maps. They also increased their
study of anatomy in order to learn more about the human body.
Scientists, for example, first dissected a human body for
educational purposes in 1315.
Slide 15
The Printing Press Renaissance Europe saw many technological
advances as well. The most significant technological advancement
was the invention of the printing press. This invention built on
earlier Chinese technology known as wood-block printing. Under this
technique, a printer carved a word or a letter on a wooden block.
The printer then rolled ink on the block and used it to print on
paper.
Slide 16
During the mid-1400s, a German named Johann Gutenberg Used
movable type to invent a printing press. The printing press was a
machine that pressed paper against a full tray of inked movable
type. Gutenberg used his machine to print a complete version of the
Bible in 1455. The book became known as the Gutenberg Bible.
Slide 17
Slide 18
The Impact of Printing The printing press had a huge impact on
European society. Before, printers had to spend many months
handwriting copies of books. Now, they could produce hundreds of
copies quickly. As a result, books became cheap enough for many
people to buy. The availability of so many books encouraged more
people to learn how to read. It also helped spread new ideas more
quickly than ever.
Slide 19
In addition, the printing press encouraged more authors to
write in the vernacular, or their native language. Before this,
most authors wrote mainly in Latinthe language of ancient Rome and
the well educated. Now, many more people wanted to read. As a
result, authors wrote to readers in their everyday language.
Printers across Europe produced works such as the Bible in the
vernacular. This allowed people to interpret the Bible for
themselves and draw their own conclusions about religious
teachings.
Slide 20
The Renaissance Spirit The printing press, more than anything
else, fueled the spread of Renaissance ideas. As you recall, these
ideas were based on the humanist principles that people should
think for themselves and work to achieve their potential. These
were the ideas that fueled so many advances in art and thought
during this period. These ideas also led people to take a more
critical look at the institutions around them, including the
Church.