91

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:

173/73451 :85 -5224481)0712( :5224478)0712(

www.iausarv.ac.ir

[email protected]

87-1386

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.

.

)DIgSILENT PowerFactory (.

CDDIgSILENT12,1.

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-. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .3 .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .12

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . .13

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .14

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i

1-1

. .

..

: .

.

)1-1: (

1880 .

.

. .

.

..

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ii

1-2

.VI

vi .|V||I| . vi

.

:v = cos( t + ) [V]i = cos( t + ) [A]

Vmax = VImax = A.

(rms) . .:

|V| = V|I| = A

vi:V = 30 = 173.2 + j 100 V

I = 60 = 5 + j 8.66 A

:Z=

Z) (j L) (-jR

.L .X.LC.

Z

:} :Re[]Im[]{

R = Re [Z]

X = Im [Z]

Y = I/V = /Z

G = Re [Y]

B = Im [Y]

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iii

. .vi:

i = im cos ( t - )v = vm cos t

:p = vi = Vm Im cos ( t - )

PT =:/P = VmIm cos

:P = |V| |I| cos

.

. ..

1-2-1S = P + jQ)(

) (P = |V| |I| cos)(Q = |V| |I| sin)(

1-2-1 .

. . ..

P

QS

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iv

.VL-) (VP ) (Y

:VLY =VPY:ILY = IPY

VL = VP:IL =IP

.P = VP IP cos = VL IL cosQ = VP IP sin = VL IL sinS = VP IP = VL IL

1-2-3)(

.) (:

..

.VbIbVI

)(:Vpu =Ipu =

VIVpuIpu

.V3030 pu

.Sb = Vb * IbZb = Vb / Ib = Vb / (Sb / Vb) = Vb / Sb

4VbIbSbZb

.

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v

1-3

. .

----n-

---

--

1-4

. .

) :( .

.)1-2 ( .

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vi

)1-2: (

1-5

. .

.

.

. )1-3 ()1-5 ( .

...

. } .{

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vii

)1-3: (

)1-4: (

)1-5: (

1-6

. . .

.49 . ) (

.50 .

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viii

)1-6: (

)1-7: (

1-7

. .

. .)1-8 (

.

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ix

)1-8: (

1-7-1:

* * * *

)1-9: (

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x

1-7-2 :

)Slack(

.

Q , PSlack . .

PV

PV

.PVQ .PQ

.PQv.

)1-10: (

1-7-3

-Z

PQ

---:

P , cosS, cosI , cos

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xi

1-7-3

. . )(

)( )(

) (

. .

1-8

.

. :

------

1-8-1

IEC (VDE )ANSI ( IEEE) .

.

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xii

1-8-2 :

)(

)1-11: (

1-8-361 .

)1-12( .:

ac

.

: .=Un

Ip: .DC

.

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xiii

)1-12: (

)1-13: (

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-A3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

B7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .8

/. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10PowerFactory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .12

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .15

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16)Help(. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . .17

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .19

:20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

)Study Case(. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24DIgSILENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

1:26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26

.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

)(. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38

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-. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43

2:46 :. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .482. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49 .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56

3:58. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .59. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .63

4:66. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68

. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71

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3

Chapter A

DIgSILENT

95.

:

..

.

..

"Getting Started Tutorial" .PowerFactory

."Getting Started Tutorial"

..

.

..

.DIgSILENT

.

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4

DIgSILENT PowerFactory

"Getting Started Tutorial"

.

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5

.:

"" . ."""" .

"OK" ."button"

."virtual" .

.

. .

..

"".) (.

"".)

(.

Ctrl-B

) (."Ctrl-B."

)Control ()B.(

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6

.Options

"Graphic"

"Drawing Format "."Options Graphic Drawing Format…"

." "' '

" "

.

"Calculate Load-Flow".' '.

' '

.''

.]1] [2] [3 [.

.

..

.

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7

Chapter B

DIgSILENT PowerFactory .

:)(...

.

.PowerFactory

.

. .:

Do thisThen do that

.

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8

..

PowerFactory

..

Data Manager.

PowerFactory

.

B-:PowerFactory

[ ] [ ]

[ ] [ ]

-

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9

:) (.

.

B-:

. ..

..

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10

/

:

.

. ...

.

. .

"Type".

:600'Y'

' *Y' .6/0 .

.

.

PowerFactory"Element Data.".

.:

"Grid":."Library":.

"Study Case":.

.)"Project" folder (.

B-:

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11

] [.] [

.] [Type .

)AB (.

] ['Grid' ..

] ['Grid'

.] [)type ()Library (.] [

Simple Power System.] [

'Raj '.)user account (.

B-:

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12

Study Case

. .

study case

.

PowerFactory

.DIgSILENT PowerFactory

..

B-:PowerFactory

:] ["DIgSILENT PowerFactory "

.] [.

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13

] [).(

] [

.] ["Data Manager"

.Simple Power System'Raj '

.] [.] [. ...] [...) (.

)) ( (

.:

.

.

.

"Edit".

..

"docked"

.

."Docking View") ("docked" .

"docked"

.)

( .

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14

"undocked"

)"Docking View"

.(

"undocked" .

"docked".

[a]

.[a]

. .

.

"Maximize Output Window'' ( ) .

.

.

) (.

. .

.

.

.

. .

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15

B-:

. .

Alt

.HelpAltH .

.

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16

B-:Help

AltH ."Getting Started Tutorial"

.return ."Getting Started Tutorial".

"Getting Started Tutorial") (.

Help"Users Manual"

on-line.

..

B-:

)balloon help (__.

. . .

.

: .

.

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17

) ( . .

.

.) (.

)Help (PowerFactory:

..

.

Help..F

"on-line" .B-.

.

.B-:

-)(-

-

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18

B-:2

B-:

. .

.)OK,Cancel(

)= User Settings.(

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19

:

Tutorial Project not foundThe \obj{ElmNet} object `Part ' is missing in folder ...etc.etc.

.

.

).('Check user defined project'.

:

"Show Layer'') (. ."Background''('Invisible')

. :

"Background'') ( ..

.

PowerFactory

.5 . .

)File - Setup Tutorial

(Activate Tutorial Project .'Tutorial Project not found'

Initialize Step XX.

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:

20

:

.

....

.

."Demo")

( .'Tutorial_User''MyUser'

(Licence))30.(

.\Demo folder\User folder

.\Tutorial_User

.-s

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'up''down'

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.

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..

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.Initialize Step.

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1:

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.)-s(

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"Type''Type

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( )Select Project Type

. .-s .

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kV.OK.

kV.

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"D _ a''.Project TypeBar kV.

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type=project types: TR ; / ; .Select Project Type

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automatic tap changer

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1:

37

.:ConnectionsFlipBasic Data.

OK.

:.

/"T _ a''.type = project types: TR ; / ;.

Load-Flowautomatic tap changer

.

: .

..)Load-Flow: (

"Transmission Grid''.)Bus Type ("SL".

)Angle (.)Voltage Set Point (.

)VDE/IEC Short-Circuit: ()Short-Circuit Power Sk'' (10000

.)R/Xratio (.

OK.

kV:.

"ASM a''.project types: "ASM kV MVA''.

:)Active Power(4.

OK.

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1:

38

kV:.

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OK.

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)Calculation - Load-flow... (

( ) .-s.

s -:

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1:

39

.:

)Network representation("Balanced, positive sequence''.

basic options ."ldf/lev/secc''.

ecuteEx.

.:

DIgSI/info - Element 'Transmission Grid.ElmXnet' is local referencein separated area 'Station1\D1_Swab.StaBar'

DIgSI/info - Calculating loadflowDIgSI/info - load-flow iteration:DIgSI/info - load-flow iteration:DIgSI/info ---------------------------------------DIgSI/info - Loadflow converged with iterations

:

DIgSI/err - '\User\Tutorial\Part 1\T1_11/3.3a.ElmTr2':DIgSI/err - missing type !

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.

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1:

40

s -:

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.PowerFactory

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.

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1:

41

.:

Generation Motor |$HE Load |$HE

[# ]/ [# ]/ |$HE,[c:Pgen,[c:Pmot[# ] [# ] |$HE,[c:Qgen,[c:Qmot

. :

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. .PowerFactory

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1:

42

)P,Q and loading ()P,Q and current ( .

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Format for ...

. ..

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ModeutInpPredefined Variables

.OK.

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OK.

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1:

43

s -:

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(Calculation - Short-Circuit)

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1:

44

11"D _ a''

Calculate - Short-Circuit .-s.

s -:

Method = "According to IEC''.Fault Type = -phase Short-Circuit.

Fault Location = "At All Busbars and terminals''.Execute.

..

:

DIgSI/info - Short-circuit calculated at Busbar Station1\D1\_11aDIgSI/info - Short-circuit calculation ready !

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1:

45

:

( ).Method = "According to IEC''.

Fault Type = -phase Short-Circuit.

Fault Location = "At All Busbars and terminals''.Execute.

.

.:

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Calculate--> Multiple Faults... . ."complete''"Multiple Faults''

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.

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2 :

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2:

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47

:

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.

Database.Database\User\Tutorial\Part

.\User .User.

.

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2 :

48

)(.

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2 :

49

:Check

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"D _ a''

:"D _ a''.

Ctrl ..

Edit Data . .

."D _ a''.

)Copy

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) ("Bar kV''11.

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. . .

.

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2 :

50

:....

:)

.("D _Swab''.

"D _ a''"D _Swab'':.

.

.:

:"L _Swab''

:project type: "Cable kV A'')(

:km

OK.

11:

"Short Terminal''.) (.

::

"D _Reut'' :

"Bar kV'':

kV

:"D _Swab''.

: :

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2 :

51

:project type: "Cable kV A'')(

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2 :

52

4 .)5 (.

) (.OK.

.

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.

180 .

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2 :

53

.)line routes ( .

. .:

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).(

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:.

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2 :

54

. ..

."LR_Tub''"Cable kV A''"Cable

kV A'' . .:

( ) .) (.

project types: "Bar kV''.OK.

. .:

. :-s.

CopyCtrl+C

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.

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2 :

55

.: :project types: Bar kV

:11.

4 ..

4)Ctrl

.(Edit Data .

4 ..

)(project types: "General Load''.

4.

.

.:.

.:

)load-flow page (. :"Tubin''

:Balanced

:MW

: :p.u.

/"P, cos(phi)''

)"Input Mode'' ( ."cos(phi)'' .).(

:

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2 :

56

:"Duslin''

:Balanced

:MW

: :p.u.

: :"Goma''

:Balanced

:MW

: :p.u.

: :"Reutlin''

:Balanced

: MW

: :p.u.

.

:)Balanced, positive sequence (.

.

.)zoom ( .:

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.

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:

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2 :

57

..

Open .. .

.

.

:.

Calculate - Short-Circuit.:

:IEC)According to IEC( :)-phase(

..

..

.

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3 :

58

3:

.

:.

File

.'Trouble Shooting'

."Case '' .

."Case

''.Edit - project .

.GridNew .ElmNet.

''Part"OK .Open"

Grid''

add this Grid/System Stage to active Study Case?.OK.

)Tutorial Manager (:

)Tutorial Manager (."Initialize Step ".

Execute..

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59

..

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3 :

60

CtrlFlip"

at Busbar''. .

.

:6.

:

).()freeze (.

)8 ( :110 .:Edit relevant objects for calculation

( )..

Busbar (*.StaBar)( )..

( ): :project: Bar kV

:kV

..) (Copy

."Type'' . ."Type''.

Paste ..)Nominal Voltage (.

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6.

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3 :

61

( ).:

:project: OHL kV

5..

.:

4.

:km

: :km

::

:Name = "B _ a'' and "B _ b''

:Name = "B _ a'' and "B _ b''

:Name = "B _ a'' and "B _ b''

:Name = "B _ a'' and "B _ b''

:"B _ x''"B _ x''

"L a''"L b''."B _ x''"B _ x''

"L a''"L b''."B _ x''"B _ x''

"L ''."B _ x''"B _ x''

"L ''.

6:

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:"General Load''

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3 :

62

:MW

:

"Load-Flow''

. .

"Load-Flow''..

..

:Name = "Ld_ ''

:Name = "Ld_ ''

:Name = "Ld_ ''

..

: :"Ld_ a''

: MW

: :"Ld_ b''

: MW

: :"Ld_Swab''

: MW

:

::

:"SM_ ''

:project: SGEN M/ kV

: :enabled

:Voltage

:p.u. for the Dispatch

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3 :

63

: :"SM_ ''

:project:SGEN M/ kV

:disabled

:Power Factor

:MW

::

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:project:SGEN M/ kV

:disabled

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. ."Reactive Power''

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3 :

64

:Voltage

:MW

:p.u.

"PV''..

Define...

- Power Frequency Controller ..

BusBar of Frequency Measurement''" ..

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.:

.Add to - Power Frequency Controller .

.

..

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'according to secondary control'. :

."Individual active power''

.

."external

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3 :

65

secondary controller'' ..

.

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4 :

66

4:

)"Part '' ()"Part

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4 :

67

s -:

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.

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4 :

68

.:

DIgSI/info - Grid splitted into isolated areas

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.:

.33/110110

"Part ''33"Part ''.

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.

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.

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4 :

69

"Part ''"D _Swab''

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4 :

70

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"D _Swab''"Part ''

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...\Station 1\D1_Swab.StaBar.

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"D _Swab''

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(User's Manual)"Graphics Windows''

"Building From Predefined Objects''.