7.2 Nationalism at Center Stage

Mr. ManelskiCPUSH

Learning Objectives

• Learn about the growth of nationalism in the United States

• Understand how it affected Supreme Court decisions and Federal Government Policy decisions

Quiz

• _____________ was the Supreme Court Chief Justice that ruled in Gibbons v. Ogden.

• The _____________ decision ruled that states could not interfere with contracts between private parties.

• The _____________ decision ruled that federal law would override state law.

• _____________ was secretary of state under President James Monroe.

• The ______________ stated that the US would not allow Europe to intervene in Western Hemisphere.

The Supreme Court & Nationalism

• Chief Justice John Marshall– Served from 1801-1835– Appointed by John Adams

• McCulloch vs. Maryland• Gibbons vs. Ogden• Dartmouth vs. Woodward

McCulloch vs. Maryland, 1819

• Facts of the Case:– After 2nd BUS is chartered, Maryland passed

legislation to impose taxes on the bank. James W. McCulloch refused to pay that tax.

• Questions:– Did congress have the authority to establish the

bank?– Did MD law unconstitutionally interfere with

congressional powers?

Verdict:

• McCulloch wins the case unanimously 7-0– Congress can incorporate the BUS– MD cannot tax the bank or Federal Gov. • Marshall, “The power to tax is the power to destroy.”

• Significance…– Established the supremacy of the Federal Gov.

over state governments

Gibbons vs. Ogden 1824

• Facts of the Case:– New York State granted a monopoly to a ferry

company running between New York & New Jersey

• Question:– Can a state (NY) regulate interstate commerce?

Verdict:

• Gibbons 6-0– No, only Congress has the authority to regulate

interstate commerce

• Significance…– Affirms the constitution, power of the federal

government, and limits the states’ rights re: commerce.

Dartmouth College v. Woodward 1816

• Facts of the Case:– NH legislature attempted to change the charter of

the privately funded Dartmouth College into a public university

• Question:– Does the government have the power to change

contracts between private institutions?

Verdict:

• Dartmouth College, 6-1– Although Charter was given by government, still

amounted to a contract and the NH legislature could not interfere with it

• Significance…– Affirmed the contract clause of the Constitution,

states are not allowed to interfere with private transactions of property rights

John Quincy Adams

• Secretary of State under James Monroe– Advocate of Nationalism

• Accomplished Diplomat– Rush-Bagot Treaty of 1817

– Establishes demilitarized border with Canada

– Negotiated Convention of 1818– Established US border as 49th parallel

– Adams-Onis Treaty– Jackson invades Florida & Adams

convince Spanish to concede Florida

Monroe Doctrine

• President Monroe outlines in 1823, two main points– Europe may no longer colonize in the Western

Hemisphere– Europe may no longer intervene in the Western

Hemisphere• Directed specifically European Monarchies

especially Russia and Spain– Why?

Reflection Question

• How did the decisions of John Marshall in these cases define federal power and increase nationalism?

*please complete in I.D. books, thoroughly and completely, in 3-5 sentences