-
DISSOCIATION OF BASENaOH and KOH dissolve in water to form ion
OH-
Without the water, ion OH-not form
SOLIDAQUEUSNaOH (p) Na+ + OH-NaOH (p) Na+ + OH-KOH (p) K+ + OH-
KOH(p) K+ + OH-
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DISSOCIATION OF ACID CONCLUSIONHCl and CH3COOH dissolve in water
and form ion H+CONCLUSIONWithout the water, ion H+ not form
solidaqueusHCI (p) ) H+ + Cl-
HCl (p ) H+ + Cl-
CH3COOH(ce) CH3COO- + H+ CH3COOH CH3COO- + H+
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MATERIALLITMUS PAPERDISSOCIATION TO FORM OH ALKALINE
CONCLUSIONToothpaste
Toothpaste + waterNo changes
Red to blue
-
Soap
Soap + waterNo change
Red to blue--
NaOH
NaOH + waterNo change
Red to blue
NaOH
Na+ + OH-
-
Hydroxyl ion caused the litmus paper paper changes from red to
blue
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MATERIALLITMUS PAPERDISSOCIATION
EQUATIONACIDCONCLUSIONTamarind
Asam gelugor + waterNo change
Blue to red-
Lemon
Lemon+ waterNo change
Blue to red-Etanoik acid
Etanoic acid + waterNo change
Blue to red
CH3COOH CH3COO- + H+
-Hydrogen ion caused the litmus paper changes from blue to
red
-
Explaination acid react with water by donating an H+ ion to a
neutral water molecule to form the H3O+ ion.
Without the presence of water, acid not show the acid properties
because the dry acid does not have hydrogen ion.
.base react with water by donating an OH- ion.
Without the presences of water, bases does not show the base
properties because the dry base does not show hydroxo ion.
-
experimentLitmus papermetalcarbonateHCl ( p)No changesNo
changesNo changes
HCl ( ak )
Blue to red
The bubble gas yield and produce popsound when is test Mg ( p) +
2HCl MgCl2( ak) + H2
CaCO3( p) + 2HCl CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
-
Conclusion :
HCl solution contain the H+ and Cl-hydrogen chloride was
dissociated completlyHCl (aq) of solution shows the chemical
properties of acid because it has a hydrogen ion.
-
ExperimentLitmus paperCa ( OH )2 ( p)No changes
Ca ( OH )2 + H2O Ca+2 + 2 OH-
Red to blue
-
Conclusion
Ca(OH)2 solid does not show the characteristic of alkaline.In
water, Ca (OH)2 (ak) Ca2+ + 2OH-
Calcium hydroxide solution dissolve in water will dissociated
and show the characteristic of alkaline
-
Chemical properties of basesHas a ph more than 7
Litmus paper was change from red to blue colour
Reacts with acid to form salt and water
-
Chemical properties of acidLitmus paper changes from colour blue
to red
React with bases to form salt and water as the only products
