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CORRECTIONAL ADMINISTRATION

1. Penology it is the science of the application of knowledge of the causation of crimes to the treatment and

reformation of criminals and the prevention of crimes.

2. Penal Management it is the manner or practice of managing or controlling places of confinement as in jails o

prisons.

3. Correctionit is the branch of Criminal Justice System concerned with the custody, supervision and rehabilitation o

criminal offenders.

4. Correction Administration it is the study and practice of a systematic management of jails or prisons and otherinstitutions concerned with the custody, treatment, and rehabilitation of criminal offenders.

5. Galleys it is a long, narrow and single decked ships propelled by sails, usually rowed by criminals as a process of

transportation in the 16th

century.

6. Hulksit is a decrepit transport, former warship used to house prisoners in the 18th

and 19th

century.

7. Hammurabi Codeit is credited as the oldest code prescribing savage punishment.

8. King Ur-Nammus Code it is a law that favored the imposition of justice instead of naked vengeance.

9. Twelve Tabletit is the earliest codification of Roman Law incorporated into the Justinian Code.

10. Justinian Codeit is the standard law in all areas occupied by the Roman Empire particularly in Europe.

11. Code of Draco it is a harsh code that provides the same punishment for both citizens and the slaves as it

incorporates primitive concepts.12. Burgunian Codeit is the code that introduced the concept of restitution.

13. The Secular Lawthis were advocated by the Christian Philosophers who recognizes the need for justice.

14. Punishmentit is the infliction of some sort of pain as redress that the state takes against the offender for violating

criminal law.

15. Bridewell Systemunder this system vagrants and prostitutes were given work while serving their sentence.

16. Auburn Systemthis features the confinement of the prisoners in single cells at night and congregate work in shops

during the day.

17. Pennsylvania System - this features the confinement of the prisoners in single cells at day and night but works were

provided to the prisoners in their own cells.

18. Custody-Oriented Prisonthis is biased to prison security and the prevention of escapes and riots.

19. Secular Theory of Punishmentthis theory believes that punishment is a means of restoring between the pleasure

and the pain.

20. Judean or Christian Theory this theory of expiation believes that punishment has a redemptive purpose fo

repealing sin advocated by evil which emerged after 30 years AD.

21. Rise of Canonical Courtsthe theory under this church was mainly reformatory in purpose.

22. Individualization of Punishment this theory gave the judges wide discretion to add to the punishment additiona

penalties in view of the circumstances.

23. Classical Theory of Penologythis theory came about as a protest against in the abuses and discriminatory power of

the judges.

24. Neo-Classical Theory of Penologythis theory talks about the idea of giving emphasis on the crime and its causes

rather than the criminal himself.

25. Italian or Positivist Theorythe adherents of this theory maintain that crime cannot be treated and checked by the

imposition of punishment fixed and determined, but thru the enforcement of individual measures after a prio

investigation.

26. Domets of Francean agricultural colony for male youth offenders was established.

27. Public Relations this refers to the ability of the superintendent to gather support from the community and the

public at large to the program implemented in the prison.

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28. Custodial Divisionit handles matter pertaining security of the institution and the custody of the prisoners.

29. Physical Plantthe plan or building of the facility should express the purpose of which it was to be constructed.

30. Super Security Facilitythis is the designated place of confinement for hardened criminals and those troublemaker

and escapees.

31. Classificationrefers to a method by which diagnosis, treatment, planning and execution program are coordinated

in the individual case.

32. Reception Diagnostic Centerit is a specialized service designed to service big correction systems.

33. Psychiatrist he examines the convict and prepares an abstract of the emotional and mental constitution of theindividual.

34. Diversification it is an administrative device in a correctional institution in providing varied and flexible types of

physical facility for the effective control of treatment program in a diversified population.

35. Admission Summaryit is a written compilation made by the staff regarding their findings on the prisoner.

36. Classification Boardit carries out the treatment program of the convict.

37. Maximum Security Group this shall include high security risk or highly dangerous inmates as determined by the

classification board that requires an extreme degree of supervision.

38. Medium Security Group this shall include those who cannot be trusted in less secured areas whose conduct or

behavior requires minimum supervision.

39. Minimum Security Group this shall include who may be reasonably trusted to serve their sentence under lessrestricted conditions.

40. Detaineerefers to a person under the custody of law whose case is still pending in court.

41. Third Class Inmateone who has either been previously committed for three or more times as a sentenced inmate

except those imprisoned for non-payment of a fine and who had been reduced from a higher class.

42. Second Class Inmate a newly arrived inmate who was demoted from first class or one promoted from the third

class.

43. First Class Inmateare those who have known character and credit for work while in detention earned assignmen

to this class upon star of sentence.

44. Colonist those who are first class inmates and has served for one year immediately preceding the completion o

the period specified in the classifications.45. Admission Classification Meetingthis is the initial classification meeting which takes place after the transfer of the

prisoner from the RDC to the operating institution.

46. Sentenced Prisonera person who is convicted by final judgment.

47. Mittimus a warrant issued by a court bearing its seal and the signature of the judge directing the jail or prison

authorities to receive the convicted offender for service of sentence imposed therein.

48. Commitment Ordera written order of a court or authority consigning a person to jail or prison for detention.

49. Self Disciplineit is an essential characteristic of a well-adjusted person.

50. Controlit is the supervision of the prisoners or detainees regarding in response to rules and regulation of inmates

daily activities.

51. Custodyit is the penal safekeeping or guarding the inmates.

52. Contrabandanything found in the possession of the prisoner.

53. Kalantiaw Codethe most extensive code which is comparable to the Greek, Roman, English and Spanish Laws.

54. Carpetarefers to the institutional record of an inmate which consists of his mittimus or commitment order issued

by the court after conviction, the prosecutors information and the decision of the trial court and the appellate court, if

any; certificate of non-appeal, certificate of detention and other pertinent document of the case.

55. Prisoneralso known as inmate, anyone who is deprived of liberty against their will.

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56. Imprisonmentputting the offender in prison for the purpose of protecting the public against criminal activities and

at the same time rehabilitating prisoners by requiring them to undergo institutional treatment programs.

57. Parole a conditional release of a prisoner after serving part of his/her sentence in prison for the purpose of

gradually re-introducing him/her to free life under the guidance and supervision of a parole officer.

58. Probationa disposition whereby a defendant after conviction of an offense; the penalty of which does not exceed

six years imprisonment, is released subject to the conditions imposed by the releasing court and under the supervision

of a probation officer.

59. Finean amount given as a compensation for a criminal act.60. Destierro the penalty of banishing a person from the place where he committed a crime, prohibiting him to get

near or enter the 25-kilometer perimeter.

61. Corporal Punishmentimposing brutal punishment or employing physical force to intimidate a delinquent inmate.

62. Reformationit is the establishment of the usefulness and responsibility of the offender.

63. Deterrenceit is a justification of punishment which gives lesson to the offender by showing to others what would

happen to them if they violate the law.

64. Expiation or Atonementit is the punishment in the form of group vengeance where the purpose is to appease the

offended public or group.

65. Jailit is a place of locking-up of persons who are convicted of minor offenses or felonies who are to serve a short

sentences imposed upon them by a competent court, or for confinement of persons who are awaiting trial oinvestigation of their cases.

66. Correction as a Process it is the reorientation of the criminal offenders to prevent him or her from repeating hi

delinquent actions without the necessity of taking punitive action but rather introduction of individual measures o

reformation.

67. Furca a form of torture which is a v-shaped yolk worn around the neck and where the outstretched arms of the

convict were tied to.

68. St. Michael System this prison system emphasized the rehabilitative concept and pioneered the segregation o

prisoners and forced silence to make the prisoners contemplate their wrongdoings.

69. The Southern Plantation Prisonthis penal institution possess vast land holdings and uses prison labor to produce

agricultural product out of the land.70. Elmira Reformatory this was considered as the forerunner of modern penology, opened in Elmira, New York in

1876.

71. Tagumpay Settlementa 1,000 hectare re-settlement is dedicated for deserving convicts who desires to live there

and given up to six hectares of homestead lots.

72. Social Worker he/she conducts the referral services and social case studies and engaged in volunteer resource

development activities.

73. Chief Overseerhe shall supervise keepers in their respective departments and inspect all prison wards and cell

under his supervision.

74. Commander of the Guardshe shall be in charge of the prison custodial force and execute orders and instruction o

higher authorities.

75. Inspector of the Guardsthe alternative officer of the day he shall supervise over the zone inspector, keepers and

guards.

76. Keepersthey are responsible for locking the inmates in his brigade and conducting the correct count.

78. Gate guardhe is responsible for ascertaining the identity of persons seeking admission to the prison compound.

79. Guardsthey are responsible for the serviceable condition of the equipment issued to them.

80. Yard Guardhe shall see to it that the work assigned to inmates occupying the yard is properly performed as well as

its cleanliness and sanitation.