7 Reasons Why Have Jews Rejected Jesus for Over 2

7 Reasons Why Have Jews Rejected jesus For Over 2,000 YearsA Must Read For Every JewWhat exactly is the Messiah?

(back)The word Messiah is an English rendering of the Hebrew word Mashiach, which means Anointed. It usually refers to a person initiated into Gods service by being anointed with oil. (Exodus 29:7, I Kings 1:39, II Kings 9:3)Since every King and High Priest was anointed with oil, each may be referred to as an anointed one (aMashiachor a Messiah). For example: God forbid that I [David] should stretch out my hand against the Lords Messiah [Saul]... (I Samuel 26:11. Cf. II Samuel 23:1, Isaiah 45:1, Psalms 20:6)Where does the Jewish concept of Messiah come from? One of the central themes of Biblical prophecy is the promise of a future age of perfection characterized by universal peace and recognition of God. (Isaiah 2:1-4; Zephaniah 3:9; Hosea 2:20-22; Amos 9:13-15; Isaiah 32:15-18, 60:15-18; Micah 4:1-4; Zechariah 8:23, 14:9; Jeremiah 31:33-34)Many of these prophetic passages speak of a descendant of King David who will ruleIsraelduring the age of perfection. (Isaiah 11:1-9; Jeremiah 23:5-6, 30:7-10, 33:14-16; Ezekiel 34:11-31, 37:21-28; Hosea 3:4-5)Since every King is a Messiah, by convention, we refer to this future anointed king asTheMessiah. The above is the only description in the Bible of a Davidic descendant who is to come in the future. We will recognize the Messiah by seeing who the King of Israel is at the time of complete universal perfection.

1) JESUS DID NOT FULFILL THE MESSIANIC PROPHECIES(back)What is the Messiah supposed to accomplish? The Bible says that he will:A. Build the Third Temple (Ezekiel 37:26-28).B. Gather all Jewsbackto the Land of Israel (Isaiah 43:5-6).C. Usher in an era of world peace, and end all hatred, oppression, suffering and disease. As it says: "Nation shall not lift up sword against nation, neither shall man learn war anymore." (Isaiah 2:4)D. Spread universal knowledge of the God of Israel, which will unite humanity as one. As it says: "God will be King over all the worldon that day, God will be One and His Name will be One" (Zechariah 14:9).The historical fact is that Jesus fulfilled none of these messianic prophecies.Christians counter that Jesus will fulfill these in theSecond Coming, but Jewish sources show that the Messiah will fulfill the prophecies outright, and no concept of asecond comingexists.

2) JESUS DID NOT EMBODY THE PERSONAL QUALIFICATIONS OF MESSIAH

(back)A. MESSIAH AS PROPHETJesus was not a prophet. Prophecy can only exist in Israel when the land is inhabited by a majority of world Jewry. During the time of Ezra (circa 300 BCE), when the majority of Jews refused to move from Babylon to Israel, prophecy ended upon the death of the last prophetsHaggai, Zechariah and Malachi.Jesus appeared on the scene approximately 350 years after prophecy had ended.B. DESCENDENT OF DAVIDAccording to Jewish sources, the Messiah will be born of human parents and possess normal physical attributes like other people. He will not be a demi-god,(1)nor will he possess supernatural qualities.The Messiah must be descended on his fathers side from King David (see Genesis 49:10 and Isaiah 11:1). According to the Christian claim that Jesus was the product of a virgin birth, he had no fatherand thus could not have possibly fulfilled the messianic requirement of being descended on his fathers side from King David!(2)SEE THE CATHOLIC CHURCHS RESPONSE TO THIS QUESTIONC. TORAH OBSERVANCEThe Messiah will lead the Jewish people to full Torah observance. The Torah states that all mitzvot (commandments) remain binding forever, and anyone coming to change the Torah is immediately identified as a false prophet. (Deut. 13:1-4)Throughout the New Testament, Jesus contradicts the Torah and states that its commandments are no longer applicable. (see John 1:45 and 9:16, Acts 3:22 and 7:37) For example, John 9:14 records that Jesus made a paste in violation of Shabbat, which caused the Pharisees to say (verse 16), "He does not observe Shabbat!"

3) MISTRANSLATED VERSES "REFERRING" TO JESUS(back)Biblical verses can only be understood by studying the original Hebrew textwhich reveals many discrepancies in the Christian translation.A. VIRGIN BIRTHThe Christian idea of a virgin birth is derived from the verse in Isaiah 7:14 describing an "alma" as giving birth. The word "alma" has always meant a young woman, but Christian theologians came centuries later and translated it as "virgin." This accords Jesus birth with the first century pagan idea of mortals being impregnated by gods.B. CRUCIFIXIONThe verse in Psalms 22:17 reads: "Like a lion, they are at my hands and feet." The Hebrew word ki-ari (like a lion) is grammatically similar to the word "gouged." Thus Christianity reads the verse as a reference to crucifixion: "They pierced my hands and feet."C. SUFFERING SERVANTChristianity claims that Isaiah chapter 53 refers to Jesus, as the "suffering servant."In actuality, Isaiah 53 directly follows the theme of chapter 52, describing the exile and redemption of the Jewish people. The prophecies are written in the singular form because the Jews ("Israel") are regarded as one unit. The Torah is filled with examples of the Jewish nation referred to with a singular pronoun.Ironically, Isaiahs prophecies of persecution refer in part to the 11th century when Jews weretortured and killedby Crusaders who acted in the name of Jesus.From where did these mistranslations stem? St. Gregory, 4th century Bishop of Nazianzus, wrote: "A little jargon is all that is necessary to impose on the people. The less they comprehend, the more they admire."For further reading on the "suffering servant":jewsforjudaism.org/ss

4) JEWISH BELIEF IS BASED SOLELY ON NATIONAL REVELATION(back)Of the 15,000 religions in human history, onlyJudaismbases its belief on national revelationi.e. God speaking to the entire nation. If God is going to start a religion, it makes sense Hell tell everyone, not just one person.Throughout history, thousands of religions have been started by individuals, attempting to convince people that he or she is Gods true prophet. But personal revelation is an extremely weak basis for a religion because one can never know if it is indeed true. Since others did not hear God speak to this person, they have to take his word for it. Even if the individual claiming personal revelation performs miracles, there is still no verification that he is a genuine prophet. Miracles do not prove anything. All they showassuming they are genuineis that he has certain powers. It has nothing to do with his claim of prophecy.Judaism, unique among all of the worlds major religions, does not rely on "claims of miracles" as the basis for its religion. In fact, the Bible says that God sometimes grants the power of "miracles" to charlatans, in order to test Jewish loyalty to the Torah (Deut. 13:4).Maimonidesstates (Foundations of Torah, ch. 8):The Jews did not believe in Moses, our teacher, because of the miracles he performed. Whenever anyones belief is based on seeing miracles, he has lingering doubts, because it is possible the miracles were performed through magic or sorcery. All of the miracles performed by Moses in the desert were because they were necessary, and not as proof of his prophecy. What then was the basis of [Jewish] belief? The Revelation at Mount Sinai, which we saw with our own eyes and heard with our own ears, not dependent on the testimony of others as it says, "Face to face, God spoke with you" The Torah also states: "God did not make this covenant with our fathers, but with uswho are all here alive today." (Deut. 5:3)Judaism is not miracles. It is the personal eyewitness experience of every man, woman and child, standing at Mount Sinai 3,300 years ago.See"Did God Speak at Mount Sinai"for further reading.

5) CHRISTIANITY CONTRADICTS JEWISH THEOLOGY(back)The following theological points apply primarily to the Roman Catholic Church, the largest Christian denomination.A. GOD AS THREE?The Catholic idea of Trinity breaks God into three separate beings: The Father, the Son and the Holy Ghost (Matthew 28:19).Contrast this to the Shema, the basis of Jewish belief: "Hear O Israel, the Lord our God, the Lord is ONE" (Deut. 6:4). Jews declare the Shema every day, while writing it on doorposts (Mezuzah), and binding it to the hand and head (Tefillin). This statement of Gods One-ness is the first words a Jewish child is taught to say, and the last words uttered before a Jew dies.In Jewish law, worship of a three-part god is considered idolatryone of the three cardinal sins that a Jew should rather give up his life than transgress. This explains why during the Inquisitions and throughout history, Jews gave up their lives rather than convert.B. MAN AS GOD?Roman Catholics believe that God came down to earth in human form, as Jesus said: "I and the Father are one" (John 10:30).Maimonidesdevotes most of the "Guide for the Perplexed" to the fundamental idea that God is incorporeal, meaning that He assumes no physical form. God is Eternal, above time. He is Infinite, beyond space. He cannot be born, and cannot die. Saying that God assumes human form makes God small, diminishing both His unity and His divinity. As the Torah says: "God is not a mortal" (Numbers 23:19).Judaism says that the Messiah will be born of human parents, and possess normal physical attributes like other people. He will not be a demi-god, and will not possess supernatural qualities. In fact, an individual is alive in every generation with the capacity to step into the role of the Messiah. (see Maimonides - Laws of Kings 11:3)C. INTERMEDIARY FOR PRAYER?The Catholic belief is that prayer must be directed through an intermediaryi.e. confessing ones sins to a priest. Jesus himself is an intermediary, as Jesus said: "No man cometh unto the Father but by me."In Judaism, prayer is a totally private matter, between each individual and God. As the Bible says: "God is near to all who call unto Him" (Psalms 145:18). Further, the Ten Commandments state: "You shall have no other gods BEFORE ME," meaning that it is forbidden to set up a mediator between God and man. (see Maimonides - Laws of Idolatry ch. 1)D. INVOLVEMENT IN THE PHYSICAL WORLDCatholic doctrine often treats the physical world as an evil to be avoided. Mary, the holiest woman, is portrayed as a virgin. Priests and nuns are celibate. And monasteries are in remote, secluded locations.By contrast, Judaism believes that God created the physical world not to frustrate us, but for our pleasure. Jewish spirituality comes through grappling with the mundane world in a way that uplifts and elevates. Sex in the proper context is one of the holiest acts we can perform.The Talmud says if a person has the opportunity to taste a new fruit and refuses to do so, he will have to account for that in the World to Come. Jewish rabbinical schools teach how to live amidst the bustle of commercial activity. Jews dont retreat from life, we elevate it.

6) JEWS AND GENTILES(back)Judaism does not demand that everyone convert to the religion. The Torah of Moses is a truth for all humanity, whether Jewish or not. King Solomon asked God to heed the prayers of non-Jews who come to the Holy Temple (Kings I 8:41-43). The prophet Isaiah refers to the Temple as a "House for all nations."The Temple service during Sukkot featured 70 bull offerings, corresponding to the 70 nations of the world. The Talmud says that if the Romans would have realized how much benefit they were getting from the Temple, theyd never have destroyed it.Jews have never actively sought converts to Judaism because the Torah prescribes a righteous path for gentiles to follow, known as the "Seven Laws of Noah." Maimonides explains that any human being who faithfully observes these basic moral laws earns a proper place in heaven.For further study of the Seven Laws of Noah:The Seven Laws of Noah

7) BRINGING THE MESSIAH(back)Maimonides states that the popularity of Christianity (and Islam) is part of Gods plan to spread the ideals of Torah throughout the world. This moves society closer to a perfected state of morality and toward a greater understanding of God. All this is in preparation for the Messianic age.Indeed, the world is in desperate need of Messianic redemption. War and pollution threaten our planet; ego and confusion erode family life. To the extent we are aware of the problems of society, is the extent we will yearn for redemption. As the Talmud says, one of the first questions a Jew is asked on Judgment Day is: "Did you yearn for the arrival of the Messiah?"How can we hasten the coming of the Messiah? The best way is to love all humanity generously, to keep the mitzvot of the Torah (as best we can), and to encourage others to do so as well.Despite the gloom, the world does seem headed toward redemption. One apparent sign is that the Jewish people have returned to the Land of Israel and made it bloom again. Additionally, a major movement is afoot of young Jews returning to Torah tradition.The Messiah can come at any moment, and it all depends on our actions. God is ready when we are. For as King David says: "Redemption will come todayif you hearken to His voice."by Rabbi Shraga SimmonsLargely adapted from Aish.com

Jewish-Christian DisputationsMoses Nachmanides and TheDebate in Barcelona, Spain, 1263The most famous of all Jewish-Christian disputations was between the apostate Jew Pablo Christiani and Moses Nachmanides (theRamban).Nachmanides argued that the central issue separating Christianity and Judaism wasnotthe issue of Jesus messiahship, but whether or not Jesus was divine. There was no basis in Judaism, Nachmanides said, for believing in the divinity of the Messiah or, indeed, of any man. To Nachmanides, it seemed most strange "that the Creator of heaven and earth resorted to the womb of a certain Jewess and grew there for nine months and was born as an infant, and afterwards grew up and was betrayed into the hands of his enemies who sentenced him to death and executed him, and that afterwards he came to life and returned to his original place. The mind of a Jew, or any other person, cannot tolerate this." Nachmanides told the Spanish monarch, "You have listened all your life to priests who have filled your brain and the marrow of your bones with this doctrine, and it has settled with you because of that accustomed habit." Had King James heard these ideas propounded for the first time when he was already an adult, Nachmanides implied, he never would have accepted them.Dating, Family Life and Jewish SurvivalStudies have shown that mostJewish peopletoday would like to marry other Jews. Yet studies have also shown that most Jewish people today donotend up marrying other Jews!What happens?After many yearsof research in the field, Ive come to the conclusion that it boils down to one thing: many people see marrying another Jew as something nice. They dont realize how important it is. Once they see it as important, theyll do a few easy things that will make it happen.So whyisit important to marry other Jews? Obviously the ultimate reason is the Torah itself. The best way to stopintermarriage is to turn Jews on to Jewish ideas and life and visiting this site is a wonderful way to do it.However, we also need to think short-term. With thousands of Jews marrying out of the faith each week, we need to explain why marrying other Jews is important for everyone, now, irrespective of Jewish knowledge and practice.Happy MarriageResearchers report that two-religion marriages have more tension and disagreements than comparable in-marriages. The causes for this tensions range from disagreements about which holidays to observe, which religious tradition to bring the kids up in, different embedded religious and cultural attitudes towards money and a host of other connected factors, and more. These time bombs, lead tosignificantlyhigher divorce rates (sometimes twice as high!) and lower marital happiness rates. With far fewer long-term problems to deal with, same-faith marriages have a much higher chance of being happy and successful than comparable intermarriages.This is not surprising since practical issues can seriously affect a couple, despite their feelings for each other. Consider that, presumably, 99.99% of couples who get married are in love. Yetmostof these couples get divorced, often quickly. Proof enough that love is not enough to overcome practical obstacles. And in intermarriages, the practical obstacles are often insurmountable.Effects on KidsChildren look to parents as their bedrock of love, support, and care. In intermarriages, children sense and see a lack of unity between parents and it often hurts them deeply. When asked which she liked better, Christmas or Chanukah, one little girl responded, Christmas but you promise you wont tell my daddy? Think about it: what are the chances that this little girl will develop into a strong, self-confident young woman? It is not surprising that children of same-faith marriages are more likely to feel secure in their identities, and therefore exhibit higher self-esteem and confidence.These two great dangers of intermarriage lack of happiness and problematic environment for children - have been proven consistently over time and happen to be true for all religious intermarriages, whether Hindu-Muslim, Catholic-Protestant, or Christian-Jewish. They also happen to be true even if the non-Jewish spouse agrees to raise thekids Jewish, as time and time again earlier agreements are put back on the table as people get older. Whatever they agreed to previously, within 4-5 years of marriage, people often realize that they also value the traditions they were brought up with. Then all the problems start.JewishnessIn intermarriages involving one Jew and one non-Jew, the sad reality is that study after study confirms that the vast, vast majority of intermarried families, Jewishness simply doesnt last. Even amongst families where the kids are being raised as Jews only, 79% celebrate Christmas in some form. Only 11% of the children of intermarriage would be very upset if their kids did not regard themselves as Jews. Less than 10% of the children of intermarriage themselves marry Jews. When asked what one calls the grandchildren of intermarriage, Milton Himmelfarb is said to have answered, Christians.Of course there are exceptions. However, in the vast, vast majority of cases intermarriages are seriously affected by some or all of these three factors: in the vast majority of cases your happiness and your kids stability and self-confidence depend on you marrying someone from the same religious background. Furthermore, when one marries another Jewish person, the chances of a familys Jewishness lasting increase exponentially.What about dating non-Jews?For many people, especially in their late teens and early twenties,dating and marriageseem quite disconnected. It then seems quite reasonable to date non-Jews while still planning to marry Jewish in the end. Ill probably go out with many different people, the person tells him or herself, I have no intention of getting married now. When Im ready to settle down, Ill look for a nice Jewish person.Emotions are stronger than you thinkTime and time again, the its just a date approach has proven itself to be shortsighted. What I will call interdating (Jews datingnon-Jews) leads to intermarriage in two ways. Firstly, as you may have guessed, you may end up marrying the person you are just dating at the present time.Consider the following statements:For the first six months I enjoyed going out with her, but had no serious intentions of getting involvedI didnt think it would become serious. At the time I was just going out and enjoying myselfThe quotes you just read are from real people, recounted inJohn Mayersbook Jewish-Gentile Courtships. It was published in 1961, but the quotes could have been from any time or place. Simply put, we never know what will happen with a relationship. What can start out as an innocent summer romance might last much longer than expected and turn into a lifelong commitment. The first reason todate Jewishpeople is then clear you never know when youll fall in love.Its all in the attitudeIn order to understand the second reason to date Jewish people, let us shift our focus for a moment to the act of givingtzedakkah(charity). The great medieval Jewish sage known as Maimonides explained that it is better to give one dollar one hundred times than to give one hundred dollars all at one time. At first glance, this idea is surprising. After all, the sameamount of moneyis being given. The explanation forms the basis for much of Jewish religious thought.External actions affect us internally. By giving charity one hundred times, we will slowly become more generous people. Giving once, even alot of money, will not have the same effect.I once tested it out. I kept a lot of small change on me and for a month whoever asked was given at least a small coin. At the beginning of the month, I felt quite proud of myself. Within a couple of weeks, it became normal - of course Ill try and help someone out, I thought to myself, anyone would. Then I spent the next month without giving a dime, no matter how pathetic and needy the person was. At first I felt guilty. Those feelings didnt last too long. By the end of the month, I resented every beggar I saw. Why dont they get a job? Why shouldmymoney go tothem? I thought to myself.What a radical change in attitude! By doing something on a regular basis, it becomes part of you. If you neglect it, it becomes less and less a part of you.The interdating attitudeOur subject is similar. Even if you are not presently ready to get married, if you want to marry Jewish, dating non-Jews is still a bad idea because the more you date non-Jews, the more the idea of intermarriage seems normal. Over the long-term priorities change.Already in the 1971 National Jewish Population Survey, researchers discovered the important but often overlooked statistic that Jews who intermarried were about four times more likely to have dated non-Jews during their late adolescent period than were those who did not intermarry. It is reasonable to assume that most did not marry their high school sweethearts - they simply fell into patterns of dating.Let us consider an example of how this change in attitudes can work. Considera collegefreshman from the New York named Scott, with relatively strong Jewish feelings. He wants to marry someone Jewish, and is 90% convinced that he will. Nevertheless, he continues dating non-Jews in the meantime. It is hard to blame him for thinking that it probably wont do any harm - after all, he doesnt plan on getting married for a decade, or more.But four years of interdating and deepening relationships will inevitably change his perspectives and the 90% marrying-Jewish conviction may only be 50% by senior year. Why? At this point in Scotts life the most profound relationships he has had have been with non-Jews. His models for relationships are non-Jewish models. Hes never had any religious problems with his non-Jewish partners. Even Scotts taste in members of the opposite sex has been subtly changed - non-Jewish habits and a non-Jewish look, if they exist, seem normal to him now, not any less familiar than people from the Jewish community that Scott grew up with. He doesnt even remember being convinced that marrying Jewish wassoimportant.When Scott gets a job in a city with few single Jews whom he can socialize with, his marry-Jewish conviction drops even lower. He spends two more years getting more and more comfortable with colleagues Christmas and Easter celebrations. His Jewish education, identity and feelings recede further and further into the background. Office romance has bloomed on more than one occasion and he finds that there is little that he doesnt have in common with the attractive person in question. By the time he is ready to get married, marrying Jewish seems unrealistic and unnecessary. He intermarries.You are what you doThe more people date non-Jews, the more likely they are to marry out. Because even if they dont marry the person they are dating now, their own attitudes on the subject change with time. The idea of marrying a non-Jew becomes more and more acceptable at both a conscious and subconscious level, and what seemed very important to them ten years ago marrying someone Jewish has largely been forgotten.Jewish Persecution | Timeline of Judaism | History of AntiSemitismLesser Known Highlights of Jewish InternationalRelations In The Common Era (an Abbreviated sampling)DATEPLACEEVENT

250 C.E.CarthageExpulsion

224 C.E.ItalyForced Conversion

325 C.E.JerusalemExpulsion

351 C.EPersiaBook Burning

357 C.E.ItalyProperty Confiscation

379 C.E.MilanSynagogue Burning

415 C.E.AlexandriaExpulsion

418 C.E.MinorcaForced Conversion

469 C.E.IpahanHolocaust

489 C.E.AntiochSynagogue Burning

506 C.E.DaphneSynagogue Burning

519 C.E.RavennaSynagogue Burning

554 C.E.Diocese of Clement (France)Expulsion

561 C.E.Diocese of Uzes (France)Expulsion

582 C.EMerovingiaForced Conversion

612 C.E.Visigoth SpainExpulsion

628 C.E.ByzantiumForced Conversion

629 C.E.MerovingiaForced Conversion

633 C.E.ToledoForced Conversion

638 C.E.ToledoStake Burnings

642 C.E.Visigothic EmpireExpulsion

653 C.E.ToledoExpulsion

681 C.E.SpainForced Conversion

693 C.E.ToledoJews Enslaved

722 C.E.ByzantiumJudaism Outlawed

855 C.E.ItalyExpulsion

876 C.E.SensExpulsion

897 C.E.NarbonneLand Confiscation

945 C.E.VeniceBan onSea Travel

1009 C.E.OrleansMassacre

1012 C.E.Rouen, Limoges & RomeMassacre

1012 C.E.MayenceExpulsion

1021 C.E.RomeJews Burned Alive

1063 C.E.SpainMassacre

1095 C.E.LorraineMassacre

1096 C.E.Northern France& Germany1/3 of Jewish Population Massacred

1096 C.E.HungaryMassacre

1096 C.E.RalisbonMassacre

1099 C.E.JerusalemJews Burned Alive

1100 C.E.KievPogrom

1140 C.E.GermanyMassacres

1146 C.E.Rhine ValleyMassacre

1147 C.E.WurzburgMassacre

1147 C.E.Belitz (Germany)Jews Burned Alive

1147 C.E.Carenton, Ramenu & Sully (France)Massacres

1171 C.E.BloisStake Burnings

1181 C.E.FranceExpulsion

1181 C.E.EnglandProperty Confiscation

1188 C.E.London & YorkMob Attacks

1190 C.E.NorfolkJews Burned Alive

1191 C.E.Bray (France)Jews Burned Alive

1195 C.E.FranceProperty Confiscation

1209 C.E.BeziersMassacre

1212 C.E.SpainRioting and blood bath against the Jews of Toledo.

1215 C.E.RomeLateran Council of Rome decrees that Jews must wear the "badge of shame" in all Christian countries. Jews are denied allpublic sector employment, and are burdened with extra taxes.

1215 C.E.Toulouse (France)Mass Arrests

1218 C.E.EnglandJews Forced to Wear Badges

1231 C.E.RomeInquisition Established

1236 C.E.FranceForced Conversion/Massacre

1239 C.E.LondonMassacre & Property Confiscation

1240 C.E.AustriaProperty confiscation. Jews either imprisoned, converted, expelled, or burned.

1240 C.E.FranceTalmud Confiscated

1240 C.E.EnglandBook Burning

1240 C.E.SpainForced Conversion

1242 C.E.ParisTalmud Burned

1244 C.E.OxfordMob Attacks

1255 C.E.EnglandBlood libel in Lincoln results in the burning / torture of many Jews & public hangings.

1261 C.E.CanterburyMob Attacks

1262 C.E.LondonMob Attacks

1264 C.E.LondonMob Attacks

1264 C.E.GermanyCouncil of Vienna declares that all Jews must wear a "pointed dunce cap." Thousands murdered.

1267 C.E.ViennaJews Forced to Wear Horned Hats

1270 C.E.Weissenberg, Magdeburg, Arnstadt, Coblenz, Singzig, and ErfurtJews Burned Alive

1270 C.E.EnglandThe libel of the "counterfeit coins" - all Jewish men,women and childrenin England imprisoned. Hundreds are hung.

1276 C.E.BavariaExpulsion

1278 C.E.Genoa (Spain)Mob Attacks

1279 C.E.Hungary & PolandThe Council of Offon denies Jews the right to all civic positions. The Jews of Hungary & Poland are forced to wear the "red badgeof shame."

1283 C.E.Mayence & BacharachMob Attacks

1285 C.E.MunichJews Burned Alive

1290 C.E.EnglandKing EdwardI issues an edict banishing all Jews from England. Many drowned.

1291 C.E.FranceThe Jewish refugees from England are promptly expelled from France.

1292 C.E.ItalyForced conversions & expulsion of the Italian Jewish community.

1298 C.E.GermanyThe libel of the "Desecrated Host" is perpetrated against the Jews of Germany. Approximately 150Jewish communitiesundergo forced conversion.

1298 C.E.Franconia, Bavaria & AustriaReindfel's Decree is propagated against the Jews of Franconia and Bavarai. Riots against these Jewish communities, as well as those in Austria, result in the massacre of 100,000 Jews over a six-month period.


1308 C.E.StrasbourgJews Burned Alive

1320 C.E.Toulouse & Perpigon120 Communities Massacred & Talmud Burned

1321 C.E.TeruelPublic Executions

1328 C.E.Estella5,000 Jews Slaughtered

1348 C.E.France & SpainJews Burned Alive

1348 C.E.SwitzerlandExpulsion

1349 C.E.Worms, Strasbourg, Oppenheim, Mayence, Erfurt, Bavaria & SwabiaJews Burned Alive

1349 C.E.Heilbronn (Germany)Expulsion

1349 C.E.HungaryExpulsion

1354 C.E.Castile (Spain)12,000 Jews Slaughtered

1368 C.E.Toledo8,000 Jews Slaughtered

1370 C.E.Majorca., Penignon & BarcelonaMob Attack

1377 C.E.Huesca (Spain)Jews Burned Alive

1380 C.E.ParisMob Attack

1384 C.E.NordlingenMass Murder

1388 C.E.StrasbourgExpulsion

1389 C.E.PragueMass Slaughter & Book Burning

1391 C.E.Castille, Toledo, Madrid, Seville, Cordova, Cuenca & BarcelonaForced Conversions & Mass Murder

1394 C.E.GermanyExpulsion


1399 C.E.Posen (Poland)Jews Burned Alive

1400 C.E.PragueStake Burnings

1407 C.E.CracowMob Attack

1415 C.E.RomeTalmud Confiscated

1422 C.E.AustriaJews Burned Alive

1422 C.E.AustriaExpulsion

1424 C.E.Fribourg & ZurichExpulsion

1426 C.E.CologneExpulsion

1431 C.E.Southern GermanyJews Burned Alive

1432 C.E.SavoryExpulsion

1438 C.E.MainzExpulsion

1439 C.E.AugsburgExpulsion

1449 C.E.ToledoPublic Torture &. Burnings


1453 C.E.FranconiaExpulsion

1453 C.E.BreslauExpulsion

1454 C.E.WurzburgExpulsion

1463 C.E.CracowMob Attack

1473 C.E.AndalusiaMob Attack

1480 C.E.VeniceJews Burned Alive

1481 C.E.SevilleStake Burnings

1484 C.E.Cuidad Real, Guadalupe, Saragossa & TeruelJews Burned Alive

1485 C.E.Vincenza (Italy)Expulsion

1486 C.E.ToledoJews Burned Alive

1488 C.E.ToledoStake Burnings

1490 C.E.ToledoPublic Executions

1491 C.E.AstorgaPublic Torture & Execution

1492 C.E.SpainExpulsion

1495 C.E.LithuaniaExpulsion

1497 C.E.PortugalExpulsion

1499 C.E.GermanyExpulsion

1506 C.E.LisbonMob Attack

1510 C.E.BerlinPublic Torture & Execution

1514 C.E.StrasbourgExpulsion

1519 C.E.RegensburgExpulsion

1539 C.E.Cracow & PortugalStake Burnings

1540 C.E.NaplesExpulsion

1542 C.E.BohemiaExpulsion

1550 C.E.GenoaExpulsion


1555 C.E.PesaroExpulsion

1556 C.E.Sokhachev (Poland)Public Torture & Execution

1559 C.E.AustriaExpulsion

1561 C.E.PragueExpulsion

1567 C.E.WurzburgExpulsion

1569 C.E.Papal StatesExpulsion

1571 C.E.BrandenburgExpulsion

1582 C.E.NetherlandsExpulsion

1593 C.E.BrunswickExpulsion

1597 C.E.Cremona, Pavia & LodiExpulsion

1614 C.E.FrankfortExpulsion

1615 C.E.WormsExpulsion

1619 C.E.KievExpulsion

1635 C.E.VilnaMob Attack

1637 C.E.CracowPublic Torture & Execution

1647 C.E.LisbonJews Burned Alive

1648 C.E.Poland1/3 of Jewry Slaughtered

1649 C.E.UkraineExpulsion

1649 C.E.HamburgExpulsion

1652 C.E.LisbonStake Burnings

1654 C.E.Little RussiaExpulsion

1656 C.E.LithuaniaExpulsion

1660 C.E.SevilleJews Burned Alive

1663 C.ECracowPublic Torture &. Execution

1664 C.E.LembergMob Attack

1669 C.E.Oran (North Africa)Expulsion

1670 C.E.ViennaExpulsion

1671 C.E.MinskMob Attacks

1681 C.E.VilnaMob Attacks

1682 C.E.CracowMob Attacks

1687 C.E.PosenMob Attacks

1712 C.E.SandomirExpulsion

1727 C.E.RussiaExpulsion

1738 C.E.WurtemburgExpulsion

1740 C.E.Liule RussiaExpulsion

1744 C.EBohemiaExpulsion

1744 C.E.LivoniaExpulsion

1745 C.E.MoraviaExpulsion

1753 C.E.Kovad (Lithuania)Expulsion

1757 C.E.KamenetzTalmud Burning

1761 C.E.BordeauxExpulsion

1768 C.E.Kiev3,000 Jews Slaughtered

1772 C.E.RussiaExpulsion

1775 C.E.WarsawExpulsion

1789 C.E.AlsaceExpulsion

1801 C.E.BucharestMob Attack

1804 C.E.Russian VillagesExpulsion

1808 C.E.Russian CountrysideExpulsion

1815 C.E.Lubeck & BremenExpulsion

1820 C.E.BremesExpulsion

1843 C.E.Austria & PrussiaExpulsion

1850 C.E.New York City500 People, Led by Police, Attacked & Wrecked Jewish Synagogue

1862 C.E.Area under General Grant's Jurisdiction in the United StatesExpulsion

1866 C.EGalatz (Romania)Expulsion

1871 C.E.OdenaMob Attack

1887 C.E.SlovakiaMob Attacks

1897 C.E.Kantakuzenka (Russia)Mob Attacks

1898 C.E.Rennes (France)Mob Attack

1899 C.E.NicholayevMob Attack

1900 C.E.Konitz (Prussia)Mob Attack

1902 C.E.PolandWidespread Pogroms

1904 C.E.Manchuria, Kiev & VolhyniaWidespread Pogroms

1905 C.E.Zhitomir (Yolhynia)Mob Attacks

1919 C.EBavariaExpulsion

1915 C.E.Georgia (U.S.A.)Leo Frank Lynched

1919 C.E.PragueWide Spread Pogroms

1920 C.E.Munich & BreslauMob Attacks

1922 C.E.Boston, MALawrence Lowell, President of Harvard, calls for Quota Restrictions on Jewish Admission

1926 C.E.UzbekistanPogrom

1928 C.E.HungaryWidespread Anti-Semitic Riots onUniversityCampuses

1929 C.E.Lemberg (Poland)Mob Attacks

1930 C.E.BerlinMob Attack

1933 C.E.BucharestMob Attacks

1938-45 C.E.EuropeHolocaust

Why Do People Hate The Jews?t has been said that the history of almost all of the Jewish holidayscan be summed up succinctly: "They wanted to kill us; we won. Let's eat." Why hasanti-Semitism been so pervasive in so many countries, in so many time periods and for so many reasons? (One begins to wonder. Perhaps there is something wrong with the Jews and Judaism? After all, there is an old Yiddish saying -- "If one person calls you a donkey, ignore him; if two people call you a donkey, buy a saddle.")Between the years 250 CE and 1948 CE- a period of 1,700 years - Jews have experienced more than eighty expulsions from various countries inEurope- an average of nearly one expulsion every twenty-one years. Jews were expelled from England, France, Austria, Germany, Lithuania, Spain, Portugal, Bohemia, Moravia and seventy-one other countries.Historians have classified six explanations as to why people hate the Jews:1. Economic-- "Wehate Jewsbecause they possess too muchwealth and power."2. Chosen People-- "We hate Jews because they arrogantly claim that they are thechosen people."3. Scapegoat-- "Jews are a convenient group to single out and blame for our troubles."4. Deicide-- "We hate Jews because they killed Jesus."5. Outsiders,-- "We hate Jews because they are different than us." (The dislike of the unlike.)6. Racial Theory-- "We hate Jews because they are an inferior race."

As we examine the explanations,we must ask -- Are they the causes for anti-Semitism or excuses for Anti-Semitism? The difference? If one takes away the cause, then anti-Semitism should no longer exist. If one can show a contradiction to the explanation, it demonstrates that the "cause" is not a reason, it is just an excuse. Let's look at some contradictions:1. Economic-- The Jews of 17th- 20th century Poland and Russia were dirt poor, had no influence and yet they were hated.2. Chosen People-- a) In the late 19th century, the Jews of Germany denied "Choseness." And then they worked on assimilation. Yet, the holocaust started there. b) Christians and Moslems profess to being the "Chosen people," yet, the world and the anti-Semites tolerate them.3. Scapegoat-- Any group must already be hated to be an effective scapegoat. The Scapegoat Theory does not then cause anti-Semitism. Rather, anti-Semitism is what makes the Jews a convenient scapegoat target. Hitler's ranting and ravings would not be taken seriously if he said, "It's the bicycle riders and the midgets who are destroying our society."4. Deicide-- a) theChristian Biblesays the Romans killed Jesus, though Jews are mentioned as accomplices (claims that Jews killed Jesus came several hundred years later). How come the accomplices are persecuted and there isn't an anti-Roman movement through history? b) Jesus himself said, "Forgive them [i.e., the Jews], for they know not what they do." The Second Vatican Council in 1963 officially exonerated the Jews as the killers of Jesus. Neither statement of Christian belief lessened anti-Semitism.5. Outsiders-- With the Enlightenment in the late 18th century, many Jews rushed to assimilate. Anti-Semitism should have stopped. Instead, for example, with the Nazis came the cry, in essence: "We hate you, not because you're different, but because you're trying to become like us! We cannot allow you to infect the Aryan race with your inferior genes."6. Racial Theory-- The overriding problem with this theory is that it is self-contradictory: Jews are not a race. Anyone can become a Jew - and members of every race, creed and color in the world have done so at one time or another.

Every other hated group is hated for a relatively defined reason.We Jews, however, are hated in paradoxes: Jews are hated for being a lazy and inferior race - but also for dominating the economy and taking over the world. We are hated for stubbornly maintaining our separateness - and, when we do assimilate - for posing a threat to racial purity through intermarriages. We are seen as pacifists and as warmongers; as capitalist exploiters and as revolutionary communists; possessed of a Chosen-People mentality, as well as of aninferiority complex. It seems that we just can't win.QUOTES:Of all the extreme fanaticism which plays havoc in mans nature, there is not one as irrational as anti-Semitism. If the Jews are rich [these fanatics] are victims of theft. If they are poor, they are victims of ridicule. If they take sides in a war, it is because they wish to take advantage from the spilling of non-Jewish blood. If they espouse peace, it is because they are scared by their natures or traitors. If the Jew dwells in a foreign land he is persecuted and expelled. If he wishes to return to his own land, he is prevented from doing so.- Lloyd George stated in 1923"The uniqueness of anti-Semitism lies in the fact that no other people in the world have ever been charged simultaneously with alienation from society and with cosmopolitanism, with being capitalistic exploiters and also revolutionary communist advocators. The Jews were accused of having an imperious mentality, at the same time they're a people of the book. They're accused of being militant aggressors, at the same time as being cowardly pacifists. With being a Chosen people, and also having an inferior human nature. With both arrogance and timidity. With both extreme individualism and community adherence. With being guilty of the crucifixion of Jesus and at the same time held to account for the invention of Christianity."- A speech about the irrationality of anti-Semitismby professor Michael Curtis, of Rutgers University, 1987The Reason For Anti-SemitismAntiSemitism The Longest Hatred

"Who has made us Jews different from all other people? Who has allowed us to suffer so terribly up until now? It is G-d who has made us as we are, but it will be God, too, who will raise us up again. Who knows it might even be our religion from which the world and all peoples learn good, and for that reason and only that reason do we suffer. We can never become just Netherlanders, or just English or representatives of any country for that matter. We will always remain Jews."- From thediary of Anne Frank, April 11, 1944

Anti-Semitism is uniqueamongst the hatreds in the world in a combination of four aspects: 1) Longevity -- it's been around a long time 2) Universality -- virtually everywhere in the world 3) Intensity -- it's expressed in a particularly virulent manner 4)Confusion-- there is surprisingly little agreement on why people hate the Jews.Historiansoffermany "reasons" to explain why people are anti-Semitic:Jews are too powerful or too lazy; too separate or a threat to "racial purity" through assimilation; pacifistic or warmongers; capitalist exploiters or revolutionary communists; the "killers" of Jesus or the progenitors of Jesus; possessors of aChosen Peoplementality or an inferiority complex. These reasons have one thing in common -- they have nothing to do with our being Jewish. One might think that we are just the victims of bad luck -- always possessing the needed quality to be hated wherever we are in the world at exactly that time in history.Do you know who disagrees with the historians?Anne Frank. Writes Anne Frank on April 11, 1944 in her diary: "Who knows -- it might even be our religion from which the world and all peoples learn good, and for that reason and that reason alone do we now suffer. We can never become just Netherlanders, or just English, or representatives of any other country for that matter. We will always remain Jews."Anne Frank made a point of stressing that Jews have something of special valueto give to the world, and that is preciselywhat the worldhas resented, and that is why people have persecuted Jews. Anne Frank identifies anti-Semitism as a hatred of Jewishness, a loathing altogether different from the bigotry or racism that other peoples experience.The Talmud (Tractate Shabbos 69) cites the source of anti-Semitismusing a play on words: The Torah - the source of the Jewish system of laws, values and moral standards - was received atMount Sinai. The Hebrew pronunciation of "Sinai" is almost identical to the Hebrew word for "hatred" - sinah. "Why was the Torah given on a mountain called Sinai?" asks the Talmud. "Because the great sinah - the tremendous hatred aimed at the Jew - emanates from Sinai."At Sinai Jews were told that there is one God,Who makes moral demands on all of humanity. Consequently, at Sinai the Jewish nation became the target for the hatred of those whose strongestdriveis to liberate mankind from the shackles of conscience and morality.At Sinai the Jewish nation was appointed to be "a light unto the nations."There are those who embrace Jews and the Jewish faith because of that light; but there are also those who want the world to be a place of spiritual darkness. They object to morality. Those would-be harbingers of darkness attack the Jews as thelightning rodfor their hatred. This "call to Sinai" - the message entrusted to and borne by the Jews - ultimately transforms the world. Yet, it is this very message that draws forth the wrath of those who would give their last ounce of strength to resist it.A great many people simply can't cope with the burden of being good. However, when they act in ways that are bad, they can't cope with the resultant feelings of guilt. Try as they may, they can never cut themselves loose from the standards of absolute morality dictated by the Torah. Stuck in this "Catch-22" situation, people turn with their mounting frustrations against the Jews, whom they perceive as personifying humanity's collective conscience.When the Jews entered the theological arena, they showed people all the mistakes they had been making: Pagan gods are nonsense - there is only one God for all of mankind, Who is invisible, infinite and perfect. Infanticide andhuman sacrificeare unacceptable. Every human being is born with specific rights. No one can live as he pleases, for everyone must surrender his will to a higher Authority.On a certain conscious level, people recognize the Jews' message as truth. Those unwilling to embrace the truth have found that the only way to rid themselves of it is to destroy the messengers - for the message itself is too potent to be dismissed.That is what is so irksome about the Jews,and that is why, for some people, nothing less than total destruction of the Jews will do. If Judaism were just another ideology, people could laugh it off and continue on their merry way. But deep in his soul, every human being recognizes the essential truths of morality - people can't just laugh it off.For the last 2,000 years the Jewish people have gone throughenormous amounts of persecution, hatred - ultimately leading to genocide. And through it all, the Jewish people always held onto being Jewish. And the reason why is that they really understood that it was worth it. They understood what the meaning of being Jewish was, and they were willing to pay the price.The pain that is part and parcel of being Jewish is obvious;if people cannot see any meaning to that pain, it is unlikely that they will be willing to stand by theirJewish identity. That is why we find such widespread assimilation today - Jews do not see why they should "lose out" on life and set themselves apart from their host societies.If we can come to understand why Jews are so hated,we can understand who Jews are and, more important, who Jews can be. A powerful effort has been made to remove the Jewish element from anti-Semitism, and in doing so, to ignore the critical message anti-Semitism teaches about the uniqueness and preciousness of the Jew. This alone is a compelling reason for Jews to learn about anti-Semitism and what it means to be a Jew.This article appeared in the Aish HaTorah Shabbat Shalom Fax written by Rabbi Kalman Packouz; it was based on the "Why the Jews?" seminar which is available online athttp://www.aish.com/seminars/whythejews/Concerning the Jews An Essay by Mark Twain"If the statistics are right, the Jews constitute but one percent of the human race. It suggests a nebulous dim puff of star dust lost in the blaze of the Milky Way. Properly the Jew ought hardly to be heard of, but he is heard of, has always been heard of. He is as prominent on the planet as any other people, and his commercial importance is extravagantly out of proportion to the smallness of his bulk. His contributions to the world's list of great names inliterature, , science, art, music, finance, medicine, and abstruse learning are also away out of proportion to the weakness of his numbers. He has made a marvelous fight in the world, in all the ages; and has done it with his hands tied behind him. He could be vain of himself, and be excused for it. The Egyptian, the Babylonian, and the Persian rose, filled the planet with sound and splendor, then faded to dream-stuff and passed away; the Greek and the Roman followed, and made a vast noise, and they are gone; other peoples have sprung up and held their torch high for a time, but it burned out, and they sit in twilight now, or have vanished. The Jew saw them all, beat them all, and is now what he always was, exhibiting no decadence, no infirmities of age, no weakening of his parts, no slowing of his energies, no dulling of his alert and aggressive mind. All things are mortal but the Jew; all other forces pass, but he remains. What is the secret of his immortality?" Some looked to thesun...others to the stars. Basically everyone had their own opinion. And so, in what seemed to be a most democratic solution, they agreed that they were all right. In other words, if a star worshipper would visit the city of the sun worshipper he would pay homage to the sun deity and vice versa. Everyone felt quite content with this "open minded democracy." Everyone that is except the Jew. He had different ideas altogether. This "new" concept of God, was viewed by everyone as mankind's greatest spiritual achievement ... except of course, by those who were not Jewish which was about the whole world. But the Jew held fast to his belief. He took some bumps and bruises, but withstood the mightiest empires the world has seen. The Egyptians for example; The Egyptians maintained a number of conceptions about reality with which the Jew disagreed. The Jew took refuge in Egypt from a famine that had swept theland. With the consent of the king (pharoah) he lived quite comfortably, keeping mostly to himself. However, as time went on, the powerful culture of the Egyptians began to influence the Jew. It was at this point in time that the Jew and his belief in one God were in the greatest danger. All at once, things began to go bad for the Egyptians. They were hit by almost every plague in thebook. Attributing their strife to the Jew, they decided that the best, or rather the only thing to do, was to get rid of him asfastas possible. And so it was that the Jew left Egypt. The Persian empire extended to the four corners of the known world, or at least to wherever there was someone from whom to collect taxes. The great wealth of the Persian helped him to secure a place in history as one of mankinds all-time great consumers. However the Jew place in history was entirely different. The Greeks had reached the heights of what secular society could hope to believe. They loved beauty, art, science and sport. But most of all, they loved themselves. It was totally beyond the Greeks comprehension that anyone would want to be like them. At first, the peoples of the world didnt seem to understand. But eventually they came to see that being a modern Greek was the only way to live. However, there was one people that continued to oppose the Greeks. Thats right the Jew. This uncooperative attitude caused many sleepless nights for the Greeks. How, they thought, could anyone not want to live like us? So the Greeks began to flex their muscles. Surely, they thought this will convince the Jew. But the Jew is still with us today with all his stubbornness and the Greeks well, they are not what used to be. And finally, theRoman empire, the most powerful of them all. They extended Roman rule throughout the world, always emphasizing justice (spelled just-us). The Romans, however, often dealt out justice with a sporting sense of fair play. Of course, they always had thehomecourt advantage. Nevertheless, the Jew resisted in any way that he could, keeping alive the desire tosendthe Romans back to Rome even if it had to be one at a time! And so, the centuries rolled by, ushering in many new and exciting changes. Empiresroseand fell. But there was one thing that remained .... the Jew's desire to preserve what he believed to be nothing less than the sanity of mankind ... the belief in one God.For the Jew, history was an uphill battle all the way. It didn't matter if the hills were inSpain,Germany, Russia or wherever. The story was the same. Always he was pitted against seemingly hopeless odds. Today, we find much of ourworldcharacterized by Western "thought." In fact, it's taught to almost everyone. For those of you who are not familiar with the "educational" process it goes something like this. Unfortunately, most of us have little time forreflection even though a little reflection would not be uncalled for in our day and age. In the midst of all of this, the Jew endures, often setting the pace for therestof us. Sometimes, there is little difference between leading and being chased. After all the one in front gets to pick the direction.

All things are mortal but the Jew; all other forces pass but he remains. What is the secret of his immortality? Mark Twain

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