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The Winonan - 1920s The Winonan – Student Newspaper

7-20-1926

The WinonanWinona State Teachers' College

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ituntatt SUMMER TERM EDITION WINONA,, MINNESOTA, JULY 20, 1926

Thirty - Seven To Be Graduated July 21st

With the completion of the summer term, brief graduation exercises will be held in the Auditorium of College Hall, on Wednesday, July twenty-first at two P. M. The num-ber completing their work is somewhat less than that of the past several summers. Thirty-seven names have been recommended by the faculty for graduation.

The program will be as follows: WINONA STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE

Graduation Exercises Summer Session

JULY 21, 1926 Organ "Prelude and fugue in C Minor" ...Bach

Mr. Arthur Thompson Address Rev. Wm. S. Whitsitt Trio "Andante con Moto (unfinished sym-

phony) Shubert Mr. and Mrs. Walter Grimm

and Mr. Thompson Presentation of Diplomas Director Somsen Vocal solo "Love in Spring" Arditi

Miss Bernadine Armstrong "Alma Mater" College Chorus

The candidates for graduation are: Anderson, Elvera M., Middle Grades, Minne-

apolis. Asbury, Myrtle, Junior High School, Rochester. Bollman, Elizabeth, Primary Grades, Winona. Birnett, Fae L., Kindergarten-Prim., St. Paul. Busch, Walter Paul, Manual Training, Pipestone. Bye, Inga 0., Middle Grades, Mabel. Calkins, Ralph M., Physical Education, Bagley,

Wis. Cogswell, Florence L., Jr. High School, Farm-

ington. Davey, Grace, Primary Grades, Welcome. Graham, Mary F., Physical Education, Waverly. Hadler, Frances S., Primary Grades, Elgin. Horihan, Loretta, Middle Grades, Spring Grove. Hubert, Walter E., Jr. High School, Lamberton. Huston, Gerald Edgar, Jr. High School, Pipe-

stone. Jaschke, John J., Jr. High School, Young Amer. Johannsen, Benhart, Manual Training, Pipe-

stone. Johnson, Dora Ulrique, Jr. High School, Minne-

apolis. Johnson, Marie V., Middle Grades, Red Wing. Loeber, Esther L., Jr. High School, Stillwater. Lynch, Eileen M., Music, Winona. Malmberg, Cornelia, Jr. High School, Winthrop. McLean, Jean K., Middle Grades, St. Paul. Nelson, Lillian N., Middle Grades, Vernon

Center. Neseth, Myrtle, Primary Grades, Kasson. Nyline, Bennett, Jr. High School, Rush City. Personius, Mary Ellen, Middle Grades,Fairmont. Popoi.ich, Anne R., Primary Grades, Ely. Quimby, Joy Belle, Jr. High School, Cochrane,

Wis.

Mr. Selle will leave a vacancy that will be hard to fill during his absence next year. Mr. Selle now holds a Bachelor of Arts degree from Washborn College and a Master of Arts degree from Columbia University. He has done considerable work beyond his Master's degree at Columbia and the University of Chicago. He has now been granted a year's leave to do work toward a degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Immediately after the close of the Winona summer session he will attend the University of Chicago for six weeks. His academic year of 1926 and 1927 will be spent at Columbia University.

Mr. Selle has been very active and promi-nent in the life of the college. He has served as Chairman of the Athletic Committee and as an Insulator of the Die-No-Mo Club. Much of the success of the Men's Club and of the Wenonah is due to Mr. Selle. We all join in expressing our sincere appreciation of his cooperation and interests in this college and in wishing him a most successful year.

Ryan, Armella M., Primary Grades, Caledonia. Sellers, Alpha, Rural Education, Stillwater. Stoltz, Ruth, Jr. High School, Plainview. Sundberg, Marie C., Middle Grades, Appleton. Torrens, Flossie M., Primary Grades, Oakland Vanger, Hannah, Jr. High School, Faribault. Watzke, Helen Lee, Kindergarten-Primary, Mor-

ris. Weisman, Hannah, Physical Education, Minne-

apolis. Williams, Norda R., Primary Grades, Appleton.

MRS. SULLIVAN PRESENTS JUNIOR RED CROSS

On the twenty-ninth and thirtieth of June, Mrs. Sullivan, a representative of the Red Cross Society, was here in the interests of the Junior Red Cross Organization. On June thirtieth she held a conference of all those interested in the work, at which she gave many helpful sugges-tions.

"EDUCATION IS THE BRIDGE THAT SPANS THE GAP FROM INFANCY TO

ADULTHOOD" BY THEDA GILDEMEISTER

Having lived my early life in Illinois, near St. Louis, where often I saw the great Missouri river pouring its yellow waters into the main stream, and having spent the last two decades of my life in Minnesota, on the upper banks of that same main stream — the greatest river in the world — you will not wonder that I should find in the Mississippi an analogy to the evolu-tion of present day social life.

That the "Father of Waters" had its source in Northern Minnesota geographers were agreed, but the exact location of the source was long debated, for it began in a scarcely perceptible stream that repeatedly lost itself in its early meanderings and its lake-spreads until finally it carved for itself a channel that could no longer be a matter of dispute. Similarly did social life begin, losing itself at times, but finally emerg-ing in unequivocal society.

As we pass down the stream of social life from its primitive beginnings we note that, as in physical rivers, the stream bed widens and the waters become ever more and more complex as larger and longer silt-laden tributaries pour into the parent stream. And if with me you are willing to name one bank of this river of life Immaturity and the other Adulthood, you will see why, as social life flows on, the distance from shore to shore steadily increases.

As human beings learned the joys of social life, they gradually became conscious of its deeper meanings and values. The more these were' appreciated the more did these adults wish that the conventions, knowledge, and ideals which they loved and which stamped their group as individual should be perpetuated. Since single persons could not live forever and thus keep alive the coveted group ideals, and since new births were forever giving to the group those who knew naught of what the elders valued, and hence must be helped across the stream from immaturity to adulthood, it was natural that the indefinite information accumu-lated should gradually be made more definite and even be built into systems of subject matter to be passed on to the immature.

As the stream of life flowed on its bed neces- sarily widened. In consequence, the means employed for helping youth to cross from the bank of immaturity to that of adulthood had to keep pace with the changing stream of social life. These means parallel the methods evolved for crossing physical streams, and may well be compared in different ages to the wading, use of stepping stones, roughly hewn log thrown across the stream, burnt-out log or boat, a pontoon bridge, and then to various forms of

(Continued on page 6)

2 THE WINONAN

THE WINONAN FACULTY PERSONNEL CHANGES SLIGHTLY

SUPERINTENDENT HARTWELL HERE JULY TWELFTH

This college will have comparatively small The chapel talk on July twelfth was given by numller of changes in its faculty list for next Mr. Ernest C. Hartwell, Superintendent of year. Seven withdrawals, one of them tem- schools in Buffalo, New York. porary, result in seven new teachers, with one He pointed out that there are now three groups new position, making eight new names. All of teachers, the untrained; the artisans, who, positions are now filled with persons of excellent though trained, have no creative ability; and preparation and successful experience. the artist teachers who are enthusiastic, and

Mary Frances Gregg, graduating from North- resourceful, who have initiative and a creative western University with her major in music, instinct. comes to teach music in the Phelps School in- "We need teachers from this last group," eluding violin and orchestra. he said, "that we may maintain a standard of

Mrs. E. J. Dahl, with a special preparation intelligence which will reflect the type of govern-and degree in home economics from the Uni- ment that is worthy to endure. versity of Minnesota will teach cooking and sewing. Mrs. Dahl was employed in extension work by the state and has had other valuable experience.

Mr. Roland Torgerson comes to teach manual training and allied subjects having specialized in the University of Minnesota, and having taught in several schools.

Miss Bertha Spiering, graduate of the Winona High School with a year's work in office service comes to carry the duties of office clerk, succeed-ing Miss Violet Holgate, who resigned after eight years of tenure.

During Mr. E. S. Selle's year's leave for study-ing in Columbia University, Mr. Charles A. Severinson, a graduate student of the University of North Dakota will carry the courses in sociol-ogy and government.

Miss Mildred Engstrom, student of Mankato Teachers College and Carleton College for some time and more recently a graduate of the library school of the University of Wisconsin, becomes assistant librarian.

Miss Claire Harris and Bernice Bryan take up assistant work in the Phelps School in the middle grades and lower grades respectively, both having recently completed their training in this college and having a record of successful independent experience.

Mr. Glenn Fishbaugher, recently teacher in the high school at Chatfield, comes to serve in the junior high school. He received his Bache-lor's degree from Cornell and has done graduate study in the University of Minnesota.

A new position in the faculty for next year, including work in both English and Psychology, goes to William E. Boots, graduate of the North Dakota Agricultural'College and the University of Wisconsin.

OFFICIAL STUDENT PUBLICATION OF THE WINONA STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE

Etta Bockler Editor-in-chief Leslie Johnson Assistant Editor Joseph Voorhees Business Manager Bernice Berdan Reporter Helen Simmers Reporter Clarence McLeod Reporter Donald Karow Reporter Elizabeth Burns Features Philip Houghtelin Typist

Mail subscriptions $1.00 per school year or 50c per term.

OUR OBLIGATION How much do we appreciate the benefits we

are enjoying by attending Winona State Teachers College? Do we realize how much we are broadening ourselves intellectually, spiritually, and socially? Are we giving ourselves the best by absorbing what our instructors have to offer? Are we lifeless, inattentive to our surroundings, backward in accepting our chance to improve? Here we have an opportunity that will not often present itself in our lives. Let us make the best of it so we will be better able to make a mark for ourselves in the profession we have chosen to pursue.

If we help our instructors by doing our best work; if we are able to say that we have spent the summer in a worth while . way; if we go to our respective schools giving the best that is in us, we have done much to fulfill the purpose of this institution. But with little effort we can do more. Our field of work will bring us in contact with many younger students who have a problem of choosing their Alma Mater. Speak a good word for our college, recommend it as it justly deserves to be recommended; tell them of the advantages it has to offer over the schools of its kind. If each one would do a little in the way of advertising, what a wonderful institution this would develop into within the next decade. With its wonderful record of service, with its facilities for better service, let us BOOST OUR COLLEGE! !

HAIL! WINONA Lo, -in Mississippi's waters,

Blue the eternal sky: In our hearts, 0 Alma Mater

Clear thy spirit high! CHORUS

Lift the chorus Send it ringing

Far o'er hill and vale! Hail to thee, 0 Alma Mater!

Hail, Winona, Hail!

Noble hills watch o'er the valley Where thy swelling lies;

Steadfast hearts, 0 Alma Mater, Guard thy destinies.

Ever shall tomorrow better What today hath won;

Lead thy children, Alma Mater, On, forever on!

SUMMER PROGRAM ENJOYED The summer program of lectures and concerts

has proved to be most instructive and enter-taining.

On June fourteenth Superintendent Charles S. Meek, of Toledo, Ohio, gave an address in chapel. He took as the subject for his talk, "Back Strokes of the Teaching Profession." Mr. Meek emphasized the fact that in so many com-munities the teacher was regarded as belonging to a group of people entirely out of harmony with the rest of the world, and that until the teachers as a whole did away with this condi-tion, teaching could not be made a profession.

VIOLINIST ENTERTAINS JULY 15 Harry Farbman, violinist, appeared here on

July fifteenth, in the second concert of the summer session.

He is a young man just coming into promi-nence as a violinist. He seems possessed of an ability remarkable in such a young man.

Mr. Farbman has been well received in many of the large cities of the United States and has recently completed a successful tour of South America.

MISS OLSON DELIGHTS AUDIENCE Miss Aimee Olson, contralto, appeared in the

second number on the summer lecture course. Her concert was delightful, and the audience

was enthusiastic not only because she has a fine voice, but also because she was formerly a resi-dent of Winona.

Miss Olson has been very successful in her work in the east, having studied in New York, and sung in many music centers of the country.

She was accompanied on the piano by Mrs. Hoffman of Winona.

MESDAMES SNYDER AND HOFFMAN PERFORM

Mesdames Agnes Snyder, soprano, and Mrs. Katherine Hoffman, accompanist, were heard here June twenty-second, in the first concert of the summer session.

The audience was small, but exceedingly en-thusiastic and appreciative. Mrs. Snyder had a charming voice and was liberal with her en-cores, one of which was sung to the accompani-ment of the pipe organ.

We were exceedingly fortunate to hear during the summer session such talent as these two artists possessed.

RABBI LEVY GIVES CHAPEL TALK Rabbi Felix Levy of Chicago was the chapel

speaker on June twenty-eighth. His subject, "The Post-Biblical Prose of the Jew," was developed in a very interesting manner. He traced the Jewish literature through the various periods of its history from Old Testament times to the present day, giving names of important writers and quotations from great books of Jewish people. This is a subject of which most people know little, yet which is extremely fasci-nating and worth the time that might be spent in studying it.

TUESDAY, JULY 20, 1926

THE WINONAN 3

SOCIAL PROGRAM IS BOTH EUDCATIONAL AND ENTERTAINING The student body and faculty were very

pleasurably entertained at a Get Acquainted party on Friday evening June eighteenth, in the gymnasium of College Hall. Songs were sung, stunts put on, and trades exhibited in pantomine. Ralph Calkins and Miss Ruth Heise did some magic feats for us followed by Mrs. Hadler's cornet music. Ice cream and wafers were served as refreshments. We are indebted to Miss Richards for the enjoyable Get Acquainted Evening.

From four until six on the pleasant afternoon of June eighteenth, Winona Chamber of Com-merce provided automobiles for the faculty and students of the college. All cars started from Morey Hall and drove through the valleys and on the highways of what many of us think the most beautiful part of the state. Everyone re-turned, voting it a delightful trip and the Chamber of Commerce splendid hosts.

On June twenty-eighth the Social Room at Shepard Hall became a home for former chau-tauqua performers. As pay for their lodging, they were asked by Margaret Sliter, to entertain the Teacher Toilers.

Mrs. "Martha Washington Phoebe Cary" Hadler and her friends from Darkeytown sang a few of their native songs. This was followed by a splendid oration by Mrs. Hadler who is running for President of the Ukelele Players. She, no doubt would have finished her lecture, had it not been for the insolence of William Henry Harrison Fay, who insisted on dancing a jig.

A school bell was soon heard and the Choco-lates left the room to District 13, whose school-house recently burned. Miss Clara Cunning Buehler as supervisor managed the freckled faced misses and dainty masters unusually well. They recited a number of Classical Mother Goose Rhymes.

Charades of songs were given by a group who withheld their names. Miss Richards won the prize by guessing the names of the most songs, among them "Thanks for the Buggy Ride" and "School Days."

The Steal-Away Trio from Stillwater sang for our benefit. "Heart-Stealer" Shane, "Heart-Breaker" Sliter, and "Hart-Smasher" Breuning tried their best to sing for us, and succeeded miserably.

The evening closed with a treat from the North Pole in the form of Eskimo Pies. At 10:30 Engineer Richards announced the train for Sleepytown was about to leave. "All Aboard" was called, and the train departed amidst bell ringing, whistle-blowing and the singing of "Good-Night Ladies"

July second to ninth marked a period of enter-tainment and education for many of us. All who attended the Chautauqua witnessed a very good week's program. Various musical num-bers, lectures, plays, readings and the Sesqui-centenial recall to'us the quality of the programs. We were fortunate in having the opportunity of attending such a high class program.

THE LEGEND OF WENONAH The beautiful Indian maiden Wenonah was

the daughter of Wabasha, the great chief of a great tribe of Indians. This tribe had a small village standing between the Great River, Gitchee Seebee, and the blue water which we now call Lake Winona.

Duluth, a young Indian hunter, had won Wenonah's heart but her father and brothers favored Tamdoka, a wealthy and very fierce warrior.

In the spring, the tribe traveled in canoes to Lake Pepin, where they obtained clay for pottery. On this trip Tamdoka pressed his suit so relentlessly that Wabasha and his sons appointed a day for the wedding and ordered a feast to be prepared.

But Wenonah, ever faithful to her Indian brave, Duluth, could not bear the thought of a marriage with Tamdoka, and she was seen one morning standing on a high rock which over-looked Lake Pepin. As the horrified people watched, they heard her singing her death dirge. They immediately rushed to her, the swift Tamdoka always in the lead, but when they reached the spot where she had been seen, We-nonah had disappeared in the dark waters of Lake Pepin.

Since that time, the rock from which she fell has been called Maiden's Rock, and our city has been named for the brave Indian maiden.

The evening of July fifth was celebrated by a number of students by taking a hike to Garvin Heights to see the fireworks in the valley. A goodly display was observed by all. The moon shone brightly and the rockets echoed and re-echoed through the wood. The party returned about ten-thirty.

To acquaint the summer students with the outstanding features, industries, and homes of Winona, sight seeing trips were taken by many of the students on several consecutive Saturdays. Groups of about ten students each went to the Watkins plant, the Bay State Mill, the Watkins Bank, the Gas Works and some of the beautiful residences, each group going at a different time. Much time was spent at the Watkins buildings because of their unusual interest. Many in-teresting phases and lights on life in Winona were revealed.

The members of the graduating class will be entertained in an informal reception on Tuesday afternoon, July twentieth, by President and Mrs. G. E. Maxwell at their new home on Park Drive.

Mrs. Myrtle Almy Asbury, of the Class of 1910, and a student for the summer, has read delightfully to several groups during the session, including the general assembly on Tuesday, July thirteenth.

Bashful lovers and kernels of corn usually turn white when they pop.

THE COUNTRY LIFE CLUB The Country Life Club held its first meeting

June fourteenth and elected Miss Margaret Sliter, President; and Miss Bonny Fuller, Secre-tary. Under their efficient management we have had some delightful meetings.

At the first meeting Mrs. Simmers gave an interesting talk. She stressed the need of com-munity activities with the school as the legitimate center. Mrs. Asbury's readings, one of the numbers on the program, so captivated her audience that she was asked to repeat them at chapel.

At the second program, Miss Gildemeister's talk on "Our Leisure Hours" was much appre-ciated. That a teacher should use her leisure both to help her community and improve herself was clearly.brought out. The program of stunts that followed demonstrated very forcibly that "Teachers is People."

The third meeting took the form of a picnic.

I see by the papers there's been a lot of pic-nickers around here.

A theatrical manager is known by the road companies he keeps.

A sock on the foot is worth two on the jaw.

The average man is proof that women can take a joke.

Hesitate and you are bossed.

OUR OWN TRUE STORY SECTION FOR JULY

Don't miss the true confession of a young American girl on page nine in this issue. You owe it to yourself to read it for protection. The Rev. 0. B. Yoself, Podunk Center, New York, gives this issue his hearty approval, and testifies as to the importance of having it in every home in "every middlesex, village and farm."

THE LIBRARY

4 THE WINONAN

Over eighteen thousand volumes of the best thoughts of all generations are on the shelves of the library, housed on the second floor of this ivy-clad building. Kin-dergarten rooms and a gymnasium occupy the first ground floors.

ALL-COL

An "institution" worthy of reten which is reproduced on this page. ( went out to the wide lawn east of the 1 members and a few other favored on ground and prepared to "look pleasa least attractive part of the picture. adding their share of beauty. The their bit to make the picture a lovely received from Mr. Streif and his corp

Y.W.C.A. SWIMMING POOL

The swimming pool at the Y.W.C.A. has been used by the college class in swimming. This sport is one of the best for aiding in the development of muscle, co-ordination, grace and physique. We can only wish that more girls will become interested and more pro-ficient in this splendid activity. The Y.W.C.A. Pool has a depth varying from three and a half to seven feet. A spring-board adds to the enjoyment of the expert diver and is an object of dread to the novice. Competent instructors are provided so that no one need be deprived of the opportunity to participate in this most delightful sport.

COLLEGE HALL

THE WINONAN 5

This magnificant building, on the site of the one many of us well remember, is beautiful in its simplicity, inspiring in its majesty, and uplifting in the carrying on of the traditions of its predecessor.

PICTURE

he taking of the "all-college" picture rinouncements were cut short and all A row of chairs was ready for Faculty

st of the group stood or sat upon the he background is far from being the rge catalpa trees were in full bloom, nd vines on the Library campus did to show their appreciation of the care ;tants.

"THE SOCIAL ROOM" On the first floor of College Flail and south of the

main offices is a large room which is used for enter-taining those who come to our school because they are artists in their line and desire to give us of their richness or because they wish to become acquainted with the school for any one of various reasons. Here are fur-nishings as lovely as can be found anywhere. Each chair and table has a "story" connected with it and perchance you may be able to persuade Miss Richards to tell you about them. Hanging on the north wall is a fine painting, a copy in oils of the famous picture "The Syndics of the Cloth Guild" by Rembrandt. On the opposite wall hangs the portrait of Elizabeth Jacobs Bas, also a Rembrandt painting. These large paint-ings and the two smaller ones, Frederic Ede and Gaus-sen, are gifts of Mr. Paul Watkins.

6 THE WINONAN

Education is the Bridge that Spans (Continued from page 1)

stable bridges built across physical rivers, until at last we reach that triumph of engineering skill, the great suspension bridge, with its capa-city for heavy and steady transportation, while in no way preventing the progress of life activi-ties flowing beneath its trestles.

The problem of what sort of bridge present-day education has built, or is building, is a weighty one. It must be governed by the same factors that control the building of steel bridges: (1) the stream to cross — its width, force, tur-bulence, spread in flood time, interference with traffic and so on; (2) the supports to be secured to carry the weight of the bridge itself as well as the "live load" that in passing across will continually shake its girders and their fastenings; and (3) the desired length of service the bridge should render.

Because today the social stream is wide and deep and the waters turbid and complex, the child can no longer step back and forth from bank to bank. To cross the stream means to embark upon a real adventure, and long and careful preparation for the journey is essential. Science and invention have advanced so rapidly and given so much to learn that unless a youth can quickly and accurately secure knowledge and wisdom by other means than merely that of direct experience, he will soon be out of the race and even lose his own place. Hence from now on, formal education must be the larger part of youth's equipment for adult life.

From the informal education of earlier and primitive peoples, where everything learned was rich in meaning, we have come to a highly sys-tematized education which is in grave danger of giving the learner mere forms — without mean-ings! Because we are so frankly recognizing and squarely facing the dangers that accompany "formal" education, we are quite generally trying to get means behind the •forms (symbols, habits, and images) which our youth are ac-quiring.

Therefore, while direct experience or informal education must be a part of every child's life, in the analogy assumed, it becomes the "ap-proach" to the bridge, rather than the bridge itself. It is, however, true that the approach, like the bridge itself, must be longer and stronger the wider and more complex the stream becomes. In some cases the approach to a bridge must curve back and forth, to permit the gradual attainment of the bridge's elevation. The sup-ports to this approach must be planted on a solid foundation — on the bedrock of EXPERI-ENCE and SENSE PERCEPTIONS. The trestles must be made of and bolted together with finely tested steel — IMAGINATION, IDEATION, and ASSO-CIATION OF IDEAS.

The bridge itself, if it would serve -its real function of helping the young more quickly, more easily, and more surely to gain their in-heritance than they could if left to breast the stream unaided, must have its cables fastened firmly to the end towers whose foundation stones are three:

(1) POWER TO THINK: That is, to analyze a situation into its essentials; to recognize truth;

to get meanings quickly; and to generalize cor-rectly from few cases.

(2) POWER TO DO: To apply truth to new situa-tions; to exercise ingenuity, adaptability, flex-ibility and open mindedness; to disregard per-sonal desire and prejudice in applying truth.

(3) POWER TO THINK AND TO DO IN COOPERA-TION WITH OTHERS: to enjoy likemindedness of the group in which one lives; to lead or to follow as the need of the many requires; to reject undue profit if thereby a brother suffers; to recognize the human equality of those with whom one serves.

Up to this point, we had been thinking of the need of building a stronger bridge because we must take into consideration the increasing width of the stream of life and hence the greater length of the bridge, its "dead load," as bridge builders call it. Also, the bridge must not interfere with the flow of Life's stream and the traffic that must pass beneath it. We must now consider a third factor which controls the strength of the bridge, namely, the "live load" that must continually cross it, and hence the endurance of the bridge under this moving strain. Our figure of speech is still pertinent, for never before, were so many persons believ-ing in the bridge of formal education as the best means of reaching the shore of adulthood with the ability and means of at once participating in mature life.

Increased population and compulsory educa-tion laws have multiplied grade attendance, but public faith in education, parent love and better economic conditions, youth's choice of a, life work, business and social competition, and other factors have created undreamed of increase in high school and college attendance. That is, more cross the bridge of school and more are on it at the same time than ever before in the history of mankind. The plank over which one person at a time .crossed the stream near its source might be warped and "wobbly," but not so our modern bridge. That must be strong enough to carry its own great weight and also the ever increasing "live load" that passes from the shore of infancy to that of adulthood.

What must we do? Let us go to bridge build-ers for an answer. When railroad men and capitalists were convinced, some twenty-five years ago, that better bridges and railroads, which could carry heavier loads with larger cars and hence stronger engines, would be an economy they spent without stint to make their roads and bridges secure and ample — ample for future rather than for immediate needs alone. In-creased school attendance is proof that the world is already convinced that education pays. We do not need a decade of experimentation such as railroad capitalists made, but, believing as we do that formal education is the bridge from youth to adulthood — yes, and more! from in-dividuality to the brotherhood of all mankind and hence to man's immortality, we must do in education what the railroad owners did and still are doing.

Seven things that they did stand out, and the application of these in education is clear:

I. They took out all unnecessary curves in the road.

One illustration of this in education is found in our improved methods by which children learn to read. The curves of alphabet and syllable learning have been taken out. Even the delay caused by translating eye symbols into sounds has been reduced. From printed symbols to meanings is the shortened road.

II. They made more solid road beds. We are feeling in education that teachers do

better work when their methods are not acci-dental or merely intuitive but when these methods rest on a firm road-bed of good psy-chology, principles of education, and philosophy of life.

III. They spent generously for equipment. One railroad spent in a few years over twenty million dollars for better freight cars alone.

Education is parallel in this in its better buildings and equipment. Whereas about fifty years ago the court house and jail were the show buildings of the town, today with pride we point out to visitors our beautiful school buildings. And these are everywhere, not merely in the county-seat, as were the court houses.

IV. They raised standards or tests for steel and other materials used.

In this field we have made but a beginning. School subject matter is being submitted to tests of various kinds and the sort and the amount per grade are being standardized, but much more remains to be done.

V. The bridge builders standardized the parts of a bridge as well as the materials used, so the bridge could be built in a factory at lowest, price, shipped in parts a long distance, and there assembled without error.

Teachers' manuals for various tests, are stand-dardized tests for achievement, so that teachers everywhere can calculate their pupils' progress and rating, are somewhat like this work of the bridge builders.

VI. They divided labor so that different companies manufacture different designs of bridges at locations where these types could best be checked by daily observation of results.

A few colleges have done something similar, one specializing in science, another in classical learning, another in education, and so on. Normal schools within a state have sometimes done this, one emphasizing physical education, another rural work, another kindergarten, and so forth. In a western city, different grade buildings are differently equipped to care for pupils who wish to specialize in household arts, science, fine arts, manual training, etc., but the majority of United States schools have no divi-sion of labor of this sort.

VII. They employed experts, consulting en-gineers, more freely than ever before.

We see signs of this in education, for year by year more men of great ability are giving their lives to the cause of elementary education. Where formerly in an age there was but one Forebel or one Horace Mann, we now have a score of noted thinkers applying principles of education to the work of little children, making surveys, and revising educational administration, materials, and methods to fit the findings.

Briefly to summarize and to conclude school life, approached through direct experience, em-

(Continued on page 7)

7 THE WINONAN

MOREY HALL NEWS On June seventeenth a business meeting of

the Morey Hall girls was held for the purpose of electing officers, the following being elected: House President, Mercedes Winter; Secretary, Treasurer and Librarian, Gertrude Nelson; Chairman of Social Committee, Margaret Becker; Chairman of Music Committee, Gladys Voorhees.

All Morey Hall turned out to the carnival June twenty-fourth. You should have seen Miss Mallory and others trip the light fantastic in '63 costumes! Um-m-all-day-suckers, cookies and ice cream!

Valois Dezell and Margaret Thomas, Teachers College graduates of '26, spent the fourth visit-ing friends here.

Lela Bucks spent the week end with friends at Lewiston.

Several of the girls spent the Fourth at their respective homes.

We are all glad to see Mrs. Potter again after her illness.

Lois Lee left for her home at Ceder, Minne-sota, being compelled to discontinue her school work because of illness.

Dora Johnson spent the week end at Rushford. Mr. and Mrs. A. G. Scholer of Zumbro Falls

visited here June twenty-seventh. Marian V. Johnson of '26 paid Morey Hall a

visit July Third. Agnes Andreason underwent an operation for

appendicitis. We are all glad she is improving rapidly.

Gertrude Nelson entertained several out of town guests June thirtieth.

Mr. and Mrs. Ed Buehler and son, Milo; Mr. and Mrs. Otto Runge and two children; and Mrs. Alex Stafford and sons, Lyle and Arthur, spent Sunday, June twenty-seventh, with Clara E. Buehler. The party enjoyed a picnic on Garvin Heights.

Miss Florence Benson and Raymond Bray of Blooming Prairie visited Flossie Torrens on July fifth.

Miss Marjorie Lyle had as her guests on July ninth and tenth her sister Fannie Lyle of Oak-

T. C.'ERS HAVE ANNUAL SUMMER EXCURSION

On Monday, June the fourteenth, the faculty and families and student body boarded the steamer "Capitol" for a delightful trip up the Mississippi to "Chimney Rock" and back. The boat left about one P. M. and returned safely at six. The trip afforded many the op-portunity of seeing the most beautiful part of the Mississippi Valley.

land, Minnesota, and Cletha Ford of Bessemer, Michigan.

Dorothy Sham and Frieda Bruening spent the week end of July tenth with relatives and friends at St. Paul.

The following spent July fourth and fifth at their respective homes — Alma Jeddeloh, Roce Jacboson, Alice Scully, Cecelia Keefe, Margaret Sliter, Helen Strand, Georgia Black, Lucille Thomson, Emma Frankson, Mrs. Elger Berg, Altha Steinke, Mrs. Lloyd Sorum, and Mary Vogard.

Miss Margaret Sliter had as her guest over the week end of July tenth her sister, Dorothy, of Houston, Minnesota.

Miss Alice Vail had her brother John as her guest July eleventh.

Myrtle Johnson of Red Wing spent the week end of July fourth with her sister, Marie.

Misses Minnie Gewerth and Caroline Guggis-berg of New Ulm were guests of Miss Eleanor Gewerth for several days. A party, in their honor, was given at West Lodge.

Education is the Bridge that Spans (Continued from page 6)

phasizes systematic education as the bridge which must alike serve all, though it cannot serve all alike because the aim and meaning of life for each individual depends upon himself alone. Yet, if all are not helped to see the personal equality of the others; if all are not ready to cooperate; if the many are not educated to "initiative and adaptability," with the power to apply in adult life a philosophy lived in school days, we educational bridge builders will not have done our task well.

All play and no work makes Jack go fast.

SPORTS OF ALL SORTS Swimming seems to be the

most popular sport among the women of the college. Miss Talbot has found it necessary to organize two classes to accommodate those interested. The Y. W. C. A. swimming pool has been at the disposal of the college, and the swimming activities have been centered there.

We have heard of no fatali-ties to date, so assume that the prospective and ex-teach-ers are apt pupils in the art of "stemming the tide." However, the faculty seems somewhat worried over the outcome, as it is rumored that "floaters" are being developed within their con-

fines. Rest assured, worthy leaders of thought, it is quite an accomplishment to defy Newton and his universal law of gravitation.

Several tennis have been organized during the term. A number of women have taken a decided interest in this activity, and can be seen daily on the courts. As most of those in the classes are beginners, the idea of a women's tournament was abandoned. The wo-men preferred to spend their time on the funda-mentals of the game instead. Several of the more experienced may perhaps play in the mixed doubles, which are now being contemplated.

MEN HOLD TENNIS TOURNAMENT The Men's Tennis Tournament has attracted

considerable interest in the game. A number of interesting matches have been played, and the semi-final stage of the tournament has been reached. Both the faculty and the students are represented. A straw ballot indicates that a faculty member is given a slight edge for "cop-ping" the final prize, but some good talent has been disclosed among the students. A very interesting, close match is expected in the finals.

In the semi-finals, Professor Sandt eliminated Gorden 6-3; 6-1.

In the second semi-final tilt, Johnson elimi-nated McLeod 8-6; 6-2.

The winner of the Tiedeman-Huston contest will meet Sandt in the lower end of the bracket.

The winner of the Maxwell-Karow match will meet Johnson in the upper end of the bracket.

Because the paper goes to press at an early date, it is impossible to give the final summary, or to announce the "champ" for the coming year. Watch the bulletin board for the final outcome.

ILLUSTRATED LECTURE DELIVERED On July seventh, Dr. A. M. Harding, of the

Department of Astronomy at the University of Arkansas, was the chapel speaker.

He illustrated his lecture with lantern slides showing the wonders of the solar system. His lecture was, of course, based on his own study of the topic, and he himself has taken many of the pictures he used, some of which are the finest of their kind.

MR. AND MRS. JEDER- MAN TO GO TO

SCOTLAND As soon as the summer

session is over, Mr. Jederman will join Mrs. Jederman at Montreal, Canada, and board the Doric Vessel for a month's visit in Scotland. Their first stop will be at London, tak-ing in the sights there and journeying through Wales and arriving at Scotland. They plan to tour the British Isles, Scotland being the place of greatest interest to them. They expect to return to America the latter part of August. May each tiny wave-let mark an event of interest to them on their wonderful trip.

School Supplies Magazines

Ice Cream Soft Drinks

Cigars Box Candy

West End Confectionery E. JozwICK

Sundaes, Sodas, etc. Stop in after the show and refresh yourself

Next to the West End Theatre Phone 868-J

Campus Sweet Shoppe MR. AND MRS. W. L. CARLE

451 Huff Street

MEALS and SHORT ORDERS

Quality Application

PHOTOS GVollela

Priewert Studio

THE WINONAN

CHOOSING TEXT BOOKS

Director Simmers and the supervisors of the Phelps School held a series of conferences on choosing text books. These were of great value to many of the students of the summer session since many of them have been teaching only a few years, and have little or no experience in the matter of selecting texts, but find they must now assume the responsibility of making such a choice.

The conferences were held at four o'clock in the afternoon when no classes were meeting, thus many students were able to attend. Con-ferences were held concerning texts in Reading, Arithmetic, Geography, Upper Grade English, Spelling and Hygiene and Sanitation.

The plan was to state briefly the features making for good texts in the various subjects, and at the same time to exhibit a collection of texts that have been secured from the different publishing houses. Students asked questions and contributed from their own experience, making the hour each day a profitable one. After the students had examined the exhibit of the text books, help was given to individuals in solving their own problems. It was not a part of the plan to recommend a specific text book, to the exclusion of any others.

The students showed much interest in the conference and stated that they had received a great deal of help. Should there be a demand for such work in future summer sessions, the meager beginning made this year will probably be enlarged upon.

ATTENDANCE IN SUMMER SESSIONS OF TEACHERS COLLEGES DECREASES The summer attendance for 1926 totals 263

against 354 last summer and for 1924 the num-ber was 341. The fall in enrollment has taken place in all the teachers colleges of this state, due no doubt to two causes; — the supply of trained teachers equals the demand and the higher standards of certification leads students to a full year's attendance in the teachers col-leges beginning in September.

The attendance for 1926 is classified as follows: Fourth year students, 7; third year, 63; second year, 99; first year, 94. Of these students 52 last year taught in graded schools and 87 in semi-graded schools. 81 students have not taught. 50 students are seeking the renewal of first-class certificates.

EXERCISES FOR PRACTICE TEACHERS NOW PUBLISHED

Exercises for Practice Teachers is the title of a sixty page book written by Miss Buelah Brunner for the use of her classes in special methods for Junior High School. The book is published as a number of the Teachers College Bulletin. Its twelve chapters deal with such subjects as the recitation marks and records, self-rating, visual aids to education, lesson plans and others. Miss Brunner's extensive preparation and suc-cessful experience mark the book a significant contribution in the field of teacher training. The book will be of special service to superintendents as the basis of teachers' meetings and will be of direct value to the directors of high school normal training departments.

"GOOD SCOUTS" The White Birch Troop had about twenty-

five enthusiastic members out regularly for troop meetings this summer. Assemblies were held every Monday and Wednesday evening in the Social Room of Shepard Hall. The girls thor-oughly enjoyed these meetings. Instruction was given by Miss Artz in girl scout work, games were played, and scouts songs sung. The patrol having the best record in attendance, punc-tuality, etc., at the end of the term will be given a party by the other four patrols.

Besides the jolly times had by the girls at the regular meetings, they have enjoyed many hikes and breakfasts together in the hills. Among the most enjoyable of these were the moonlight hike around Birch Trail, the "Bird hike" with Miss Artz and Miss Christensen across the lake, and the fourth of July hike to "The Kitchens" where the scouts fried bacon on willow sticks and made biscuits (bobs) in paper bags. The girls have demonstrated on all of these occasions that they are "good scouts" in the truest sense of the word. Most of them are planning to organize troops of their own in their respective schools this fall.

Absent-minded dentist (tinkering with his motor car)—"Now I am afraid this is going to hurt you just a little."

"Has your town a curfew law?" "Yes, we don't allow children under eighteen

on the streets after four A. M." - LIFE.

9 THE WINONAN

Have you read the stirring tale of a young girl alone in the big wicked city? It is throbbing and pulsing with life. Read and marvel!

OUR OWN TRUE STORY FOR JULY My Mistake

After a year of suffering in silence I have decided to bare my past to the world's gaze, because I feel that in so doing I may prevent some other innocent girl from making the mistake that has caused me so much worry and heart-break. At the tender age of eighteen I left my ancestral home on the western prairies of Minnesota and took up my abode in M H , one of the huge dormitories of the T— C , to which I was matriculating. I will mention no names as I think wiser not to do so, as this world is not so large after all, as I have found. For once when I was in a city nearly two hundred eighty miles away from the aforementioned protecting roof of my family and predecessors, I met, as I was going down Main Street, well, to be exact, right on the corner of the above mentioned street and another street that crosses it, (as I don't know the name of it I will not here state it) I met my friend — (we will call him John although that is really not his name) and John said "Hello Mary" (Mary is not my name, it is just an "alias" as they say in "True Detective Stories,' , but it might have been my name cause my father wanted to name me that only my mother wouldn't on account we had a cow named Mary, and I guess Mother thot she'd get us mixed. We haven't the cow any more tho. It died.

So if I had been really named Mary it wouldn't make any difference, only in writing this "True Confession" I would have to call myself Sukey or something that wouldn't be my real name if Mary was my real name).

But I digress. I will now try to be brief, for to dwell too long on the climax would not be literary, and besides it would be hard for me to bear. So I must not linger any more, but get on. I just want to say before I get on, that I always thought writing stories was hard but I find it very easy, and I believe I will make it my career. I already have several good plots in my mind, like the one when my little sister Susie (that isn't her real name, or I would use a different one) dyed her white kitten pink. I think I will write pathetic stories because they are so full of pathos and appeal to the literati.

But to get on with my story. In this city where I attended this T C , I was walking down the street when a man with a sensuous leer said to me in very lurid tones, "Say, Sister, try this new machine. It's a darb." Now here is what I should have done and what I advise all girls to do in similar cases. Walk right on. Even though you grow visibly paler, heed him not. Do not give in to temptation for nine cases out of ten (and this was true in my case) when men have these handsome machines something is wrong. The gum wouldn't come out of the slot and I lost my nickel.

By the time some girls get all dressed up, its too late to go.

BUG HOUSE FABLES Father (to daughter returning from T. C.

Summer Term)—"Don't you want some money?"

Daughter—"Thanks just the same dad, but I've a lot left over from last term."

Once a young man and his lady friend were out riding. Something went wrong with the engine and he got out and fixed it immediately and it worked fine.

Once a T. C. graduate signed a contract to teach school and she said, "I'd like a nice room and a bath, and some nice clothes, but I'm not going to spend much money. I'm going to save it."

Mr. Owens—"Why did you give up playing the pipe-organ?"

Miss Richards—"Oh I felt so childish, playing with my feet."

B. Nyline—"Want a pair of shoe-laces." Les. Johnson, local shoe salesman—"How

long, Sir?" Bennet—"I don't know, but I wear size ten

shoes."

Calk—"I believe this is my dance." Armella—"Yes, keep it, won't you?"

Leslie—"Your heart is like stone!" Grace—"Why not be a little boulder."

"It Pays to Look Well"

HUFF STREET BARBER SHOP 502 HUFF STREET

Phone 1410-J Ladies' Hair Bobbing Ladies' Shampooing

KEEP YOUR SHOES SHINED

Star Shoe * Shining Parlors

WE CATER TO STUDENT TRADE

160 Main Street Phone 1919-L

Try

The COLLEGE INN for Noon Day Lunches - School Supplies

And Picnic Lunches

Mr. p. M. SWEENEY Prop.

Phone 386-J

Opp. Morey Hall

WINONA STATE TEACHERS COLLEGE For Young Men and Women

STUDENTS ENJOY Close contact with faculty members. Individual attention and help when needed. Desirable social privileges and surroundings. Expert instruction, in classes not over thirty. Forty per cent (40%) lower cost than in university. Opportunity at the start for athletics, public speaking and dramatics, glee club, orchestra,

and a score of other activities.

THE COLLEGE HAS Good name known everywhere. Six hundred students, five thousand graduates. Fine record of sixty-five years of service. Wonderful location with beautiful natural surroundings. Modern fire-proof building, College Hall, to replace the "Old Main" lost by fire.

IF OFFERS Four-year course with degree, Bachelor of Education. Two-year general course with Life diploma, for Primary, Middle, or Junior High School

Grades. Two-year special courses in Kindergarten, Manual Training, and Physical Education.

Send for Catalogue and Student Life Bulletin

LINDSAY STUDIO Creators of

"Better Photographs" 116-118 W. Fourth St. Phone 477

Zeches Confectionery Cor. Johnson and 4th

Telephone 113-L

A GOOD PLACE Stop in for Refreshments during these hot days. We serve number one fla-vors and fruits.

THE WINONAN 10

Jerry—"What'd you get for your birthday, Joe?"

Joe—"Have you seen those new, long, racy Packards?"

Jerry—"Ya." Joe—"Well, I got roller skates."

Clerk—"What are your initials, madam?" Madam—"P. S." Clerk—"But I thought your name was More." Madam—"It is. Adaline More."

He—"Going my way?" She—"No — I get a harp at the end of mine."

A Scandinavian Menu Pjkled Ojsters Bisque Sucjls Frjed Fjsh Natjve Wjne Oujnce ice cream Onjons and Bjscqujts

- LAFAYETTE LYRE.

E. Hall—"Something is preying on my mind." Don. Karow—"Well, let it alone, it will die

of starvation."

A Good Joke Miss Gildemeister looked for Benhart Johann-

sen one morning in chapel.

Roadside Albert—"You're walking more erect-ly than formerly, Virtuoso."

Vagrant Virtuoso—"Yes, Albert, I'm in straightened circumstances."

Hazel Norton—"Did you hear about those cruel policemen?"

Shorty McLeod—"No, what'd they do?" Hazel—"Cut off a burglar's retreat."

Mr. Tiedeman—"I'd like to be conductor." Elder Ditto—"Why?" First Ditto—"I heard a girl say she liked Car-

men."

The Trouble with most humor censors is that they haven't got a censor humor.