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Laws about slavery
• Constitution avoided the topic
• 1820: Missouri Compromise
• Sectionalism
Civil War Amendments
• YOU HAVE TO MEMORIZE THESE!
• 13: Slavery Banned
• 14: Citizenship granted for ”all born or naturalized” in the US.
• 15: Voting rights guaranteed for all.
Jim Crow Laws
POLL Tax
Jim Crow
Segregation
• Separating the races
24th Amendment
• No Poll Tax
• No literacy test
19th Amendment
• Women the right to vote
Youth and the Vote
• Voting age typically 21
• Wars in Korea and Vietnam--who fought?
• March, 1971: Congress passes the 26th amendment. 401-19 House, 94-0 Senate.
Youth and the Vote
• States approved the change in 107 days.
• The 26th Amendment: 18 year old vote!
27th Amendment
• Most Recent Amendment
• If Congress votes a pay raise, they cannot accept until after re-election
Amendment Process
• Over 11000 Introduced in Congress
• 33 of those made it to the states.
• 17 of those became amendments!
• NOT EASY
Constitutional Change
• Most change occurs informally.
• Courts may look at things differently in later years.