6B Lab Manual 2015

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Name: ______________________________ From:

_______

GLENMUIR HIGH SCHOOL

Cape Physics Unit I

Lab Manual 2015-2016

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Table of Content

Lab # Topic Aim/Problem Statement

1 OscillationsTo determine the oscillation of a chain of paper

clips.

2imple !armonic

"otion

To inesti$ate the oscillations of a pend%l%m

and to determine the acceleration d%e to

$rait&.

'(ro)ectiles *

incomplete+

To constr%ct a simple h&drometer and

determine the densit& of a li,%id.

-*P&+

Terminal elocit&

esi!n a laboratory e"periment to in#esti!ate

ho$ the terminal #elocity o% a parachuteepens upon the loa $hich it carries an the

iameter o% the canopy'

0eformationTo determine the o%n$s "od%l%s for the

material of a meter r%le.

3 "oments *Tentatie+To determine the mass of a meter r%le %sin$

the principle of moments.

4

*P&+5aes

(ou are pro#ie $ith a laser pointer o%

un)no$n $a#elen!th' Plan an esi!n an

e"periment to etermine the $a#elen!th o% a

laser pointer'

6 7esonance

To determine the speed of so%nd %sin$

resonance from the air col%mn in a $lass t%be

semi8immersed in 9ater and t%nin$ fors

; Latent !eatTo determine the speci

*P&+!eat Transfer

Plastic cups , . an C contain 60! o% salt

solution each at i/erent concentrations' he

solution in , is the least concentrate' esi!n

an e"periment to test $hether speci3c heat

capacity increases or ecreases $ithconcentration'

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Lab #: 1

0ate: ...

Topic: Oscillation

Aim: To determine the oscillation of a chain of paper clips.

Apparat%s: 2 paper clips ?n@ retort stand@ cor@ stop 9atch@ nail.

0ia$ram of Apparat%s:

"ethod: 1+ The apparat%s 9as set %p as sho9n aboe.

2+ Fo%r paper clips 9ere h%n$ from the nail.

'+ The paper clips 9ere displaced at a small an$le and released.

-+ The time taen for 1> oscillations 9as recorded and done t9ice.

+ teps 2 to - 9ere repeated for

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4raph

Calc%lations:T p nq

B&o% m%st sho9 ho9 the e,%ation is p%t into & m

D cE

0isc%ssion:

o%rces of rror:

(reca%tions:

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Lab #: 2

0ate: ...

Topic: imple !armonic "otion

Aim: To inesti$ate the oscillations of a pend%l%m and to determine the

acceleration d%e to

$rait&.

Apparat%s: 7etort stand@ pend%l%m bob@ strin$@ stop 9atch@ meter r%le@ cor.


"ethod: 1+ The apparat%s 9as set %p as sho9n in the dia$ram aboe@ 9ith the

total len$th bein$ 4>cm.

2+ A metal rod 9as placed hori=ontall& on the retort stand to act as a stop.

'+ The al%e of ?$ 9as meas%red and recorded.

-+ The pend%l%m 9as $entl& displaced and the time taen for ten*1>+oscillations to be made

9as recorded.

+ teps - 9as repeated %sin$ the same len$th for ?$.

3+ teps '8 9ere repeated for si other al%es of ?$ in the ran$eG 2> cm H

$H 3> cm.

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4+ A $raph of T sd

T 9as plotted.

Table of 7es%lts:

d/m t1/s t2/s ta$/s T/sd

T /ms81

4raph

Calc%lations: T

2

g (d

T) D 2I lg

0isc%ssion:

o%rces of rror:

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(reca%tions:

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Lab #: '

0ate:

Topic: (ro)ectiles

Aim: To inesti$ate pro)ectiles motion 9ith:

a+ The

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Lab #: -

0ate: ...

Topic: Terminal elocit&

(roblem tatement: A parach%te fallin$ in air eent%all& moes 9ith a elocit&

no9n as a terminal elocit&. A to& rocet contains a small parach%te 9hich ise)ected from the rocet a short time after la%nchin$. The desi$ner of the rocet

9ishes to no9 ho9 the terminal elocit& of the parach%te is aMected b& the

diameter of the canop& and the load 9hich it carries

0esi$n a laborator& eperiment to inesti$ate ho9 the terminal elocit& of the

parach%te depends %pon the load 9hich it carries and the diameter of the canop&.

Jn &o%r acco%nt &o% sho%ld pa& partic%lar attention to the follo9in$:

a. The method b& 9hich the diameter of the canop& and the terminal elocit&

are to be meas%red.

b. The control of ariablesc. An& important preca%tions &o% 9o%ld tae 9hich ma& improe the acc%rac&

of &o%r eperiment.

Aim: ...

!&pothesis: ...

ariables: "anip%lated: ... Controlled: ...

7espondin$: ...

Apparat%s: ...


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"ethod:

Table of 7es%lts: 7ont nee actual #alues in it 8ust the heain!s $hich sho$ $hich

measurements

$oul be ta)en9

pected Kraph: 78ust a labelle s)etch !raph paper not re:uire ; 2 !raphs

neee %or each conition9

Calc%lations: 7

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Lab #:

0ate: ...

Topic: o%n$s "od%l%s

Aim: To determine the o%n$s "od%l%s for the material of a meter r%le.

Theor&: The theor& s%$$ests that the ertical displacement ? is related

to the other parameterof a meter r%le thro%$h the follo9in$ e,%ation.

4mg L3

Eb d3

Apparat%s: ...

0ia$ram of apparat%s:

"ethod: 1+ ?b and ?d 9ere meas%red %sin$ the ernier caliper.

2+ 7%le A 9as clamped hori=ontall& 9ith the bench.

'+ A distance ?L >.3m 9as meas%red bet9een the point of s%pport and

the end of the r%le.

-+ 7%le ? 9as set erticall& %sin$ a retort stand and clamp.

+ A ->>$ mass 9as attached $entl& to the hori=ontal r%le so that it did not

ibrate@ and the

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dePection@ ?@ of the hori=ontal r%ler 9as noted.

3+ teps ' Q 9ere repeated for al%es of ?L in the ran$e >.-m H L H

>.4m.

4+ The al%es of ? and ?L 9ere tab%lated and a $raph of ? s ?L' 9as

plotted.

Table of 7es%lts:

L/m /m L'/m'

Calc%lations:

0isc%ssion:

Concl%sion:

o%rces of rror:

(reca%tion:

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Lab #: 3

0ate: ...

Topic: 5aes

(roblem tatement: (ou are pro#ie $ith a !reen laser pointer o% un)no$n

$a#elen!th' Plan an esi!n an e"periment to etermine the $a#elen!th o%a laser pointer'

Aim: ...

!&pothesis: ...

ariables: "anip%lated: Controlled: 7espondin$:

Apparat%s: '''

0ia$ram of Apparat%s: ...

"ethod: ...

Table of 7es%lts: 7Sho$ columns o% in%ormation $hich is to be collecte9

pected $raph: 7s)etch neee9

Calc%lations: 7sample neee9

0ata Anal&sis: &e s'e to anse te folloin! *'estions+,

1. 5hat does the term monochromatic meanR2. plain the ori$in of the frin$e patterns.

'. plain the patterns obsered 9hen:a. 0istance bet9een do%ble slits is increased/decreasedb. 0istance bet9een the slit and screen is increased/decreasedc. The 9idth of the slits are increased/decreasedd. 5hen the screen is tilted -S for9ard.

-. 5hat 9ill happen to the frin$e spacin$ if a red and a iolet laser 9as %sedinstead.

Concl%sion: optional recommene $here possible9

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Limitations: ...

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Lab #: 4 *(endin$ 5J lab+

0ate: ...

Topic: "oments

Aim: To determine the mass of a meter r%le %sin$ the principle of

moments.

Theor&: 7=esearch the theory9

Apparat%s: ...


"ethod: 1+ A meter r%le 9as placed on a nife ed$e %ntil it 9as balanced.

2+ The centre of $rait& 9as recorded.

'+ A 1>>$ mass 9as placed on the meter r%le and the nife ed$e

repositioned to allo9 the

s&stem to become balanced once more.

-+ al%es of ? and the correspondin$ ?& 9ere recorded.

+ teps '8- 9ere repeated for >$ mass.

3+ A $raph of ?& s ? 9as plotted.

Table of 7es%lts:

/cm &/cm

Um _________

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Calc%lations:&*1>> D m+ 1>> D =m

0isc%ssion:

o%rces of rror:

(reca%tions

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Lab #: 6

0ate: ...

Topic: 7esonance

Aim: *a+ To determine the speed of so%nd in air %sin$ a resonance t%be.

*b+ To determine the diameter d of a resonance t%be.

Theor&: the speed of so%nd in air *c+ can be fo%nd %sin$ the form%la: c -f * lD >.'d+@ 9here f is the fre,%enc& of the t%nin$ for and d is the

diameter of the t%be.

A col%mn of air in a t%be@ closed at one end@ has a nat%ral fre,%enc& of

ibration at a partic%lar len$th. Jf a ibratin$ t%nin$ for is placed oer

the t%be and the len$th of the col%mn of air is altered@ it is possible to

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. 7epeat steps 1 to ' %ntil &o% hae $ot a resonant len$th for each t%nin$ for.

3. (lot a $raph of fre,%enc&*f+ ers%s 1/La$.

Table of 7es%lts:

Frequency(f)/hz Length(L1)/m Length(L1)/m Average Length(Lavg)/m 1/Lavg/m-1

Calc%lations: for calc%lations &o% m%st clearl& sho9 ho9 the e,%ation c -f * LD

>.'d+ is rearran$ed into & m D c.

ALL 9orin$ m%st be clearl& sho9n for the calc%lation of the speed ofso%nd and the diameter of the resonance t%be.

0isc%ssion: "%st incl%de obserations made from eperiment *eplain obserations

made+.

o% m%st eplain 9hat 9o%ld be heard at the diMerent len$ths

Concl%sion:

(reca%tions:

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Lab #: ;

0ate: ...

Topic: Latent !eat

Aim: To determine the speci

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Lab #: 1>

0ate: ...

Topic: !eat Transfer

(roblem tatement: Plastic cups , . an C contain 60! o% salt solution each

at i/erent concentrations' he solution in , is the least concentrate'esi!n an e"periment to test $hether speci3c heat capacity increases or

ecreases $ith concentration'

Aim: ...

!&pothesis: ...

ariables: "anip%lated: Controlled: 7espondin$:

Apparat%s: 3>$ of li,%ids A@ W C@ 1>>$ mass@ 9ater bath@ thermometer@ %nsen

b%rner@ tripod

stand@ 9ire $a%=e.

0ia$ram of Apparat%s: ...

Table of 7es%lts: 7sample table $ith labele columns9

Calc%lations: ...

0ata Anal&sis: ...

Concl%sion: ...

Limitations: ...

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6B Lab Manual 2015