688-697 U8 CH24 S1 TWIP-860976 3/18/04 5:46 AM Page 688 C ... · This book tells the true story of a young Japanese girl living in the aftermath of World War II. Radiation from the

To learn more about the people andplaces of Japan and the Koreas, viewThe World and Its PeopleChapter 25 video.

688

Chapter

2424Japan and theKoreas

Japan and theKoreas

Chapter Overview Visit The World and ItsPeople Web site at twip.glencoe.com andclick on to preview information about Japan and theKoreas.

Social StudiesSocial StudiesSocial StudiesSocial Studies

Chapter 24—Chapter Overviews

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http://twip.glencoe.com

A bullet train races past Mount Fuji, thenational symbol of Japan.

▼

SouthKorea

NorthKorea

JapanSouthKorea

NorthKorea

Japan

This cut willmake two tabs.

Step 1 Fold one sheet of paper in halffrom top to bottom.

Step 2 Fold it in half again, from side toside.

Step 3 Unfold the paper once. Sketchan outline of the Koreas and Japan acrossboth tabs and label them as shown.

Step 4 Cut up the fold of the top flap only.

Compare-Contrast Make this foldable to help you compare andcontrast the people and places of Japan and the Koreas.

Reading and Writing As you read the chapter, write whatyou learn about these countries under the appropriate tab. Use yournotes to determine how these countries are alike and different.

RebuildingA little more than 50 years ago,

Japan and Korea were nations largelydestroyed by war. Japan and SouthKorea recovered to become impor-tant centers of technology withprosperous economies. North Korea,under a communist system of gov-ernment, faces very poor economicconditions. Challenges exist today asthese nations learn to relate to oneanother.

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690 CHAPTER 24

11 Japan–Past andPresent

The city of Kobe suffered an earthquake because Japan lies on theRing of Fire.This name refers to an area surrounding the Pacific Oceanwhere the earth’s crust often shifts. Japan experiences thousands ofearthquakes each year. People in Japan also have to deal withtsunamis (tsu•NAH•mees). These huge sea waves caused by under-sea earthquakes are very destructive along Japan’s Pacific coast.

Japan’s Mountainous Islands Japan is an archipelago (AHR•kuh•PEH•luh•GOH), or a group of

islands, off the coast of eastern Asia between the Sea of Japan and thePacific Ocean. Four main islands and thousands of smaller ones makeup Japan’s land area.The largest islands are Hokkaido (hoh•KY•doh),Honshu, Shikoku (shee•KOH•koo), and Kyushu (KYOO•SHOO).

These islands are actually the peaks of mountains that rise from thefloor of the Pacific Ocean. The mountains are volcanic, but many are

Japan Fact

Land

Economy

History

People

Guide to Reading

Main Idea

Although Japan’speople have fewmineral resources, they have built aprosperous country.

Terms to Know

• tsunami • archipelago • intensive cultivation • clan • shogun • samurai • constitutional

monarchy • megalopolis

Reading Strategy

Create a chart like thisone. In the rightcolumn, write a factabout Japan for eachtopic in the leftcolumn.

Early one morning in 1995, the

ground in the Japanese port city

of Kobe (KOH•bay) began to

shake. The earthquake

passed in less than a

minute—but the

destruction was

immense. Buildings

and bridges like this

one collapsed. Gas

lines broke, and the

leaking gas caught fire.

Thousands of people

died, and the damage

exceeded $100 billion.

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Japan and the Koreas 691

no longer active. The most famous peak is Mount Fuji, Japan’s high-est mountain and national symbol. Rugged mountains and steep,forested hills dominate most of Japan.Narrowly squeezed between theseacoast and the mountains are plains. The Kanto Plain in easternHonshu is Japan’s largest plain. Tokyo, the capital, and Yokohama,one of Asia’s major port cities, are located here. You will find most ofJapan’s cities, farms, and industries on the coastal plains.

No part of Japan is more than 70 miles (113 km) from the sea. Inbay areas along the jagged coasts lie many fine harbors and ports. Thenorthern islands receive cold Arctic Ocean winds and currents.The Pacific Ocean, in contrast, sends warm ocean currents to thesouthern part of Japan.

What are the two major landforms in Japan?

130°E

40°N

30°N

140°E

P A C I F I C

O C E A N

Sea

of

Japan

(East Sea)

InlandSea

EastChina

Sea

Yellow

Sea

Kor

ea

Stra

it

Yalu R

.

Tumen

R.

Taed

ong

R.

Tone R.Sh

inan

oR

.

TeshioR

.

Han R.

Nak

tong

R.

R yu k

y uI s

l an

ds

Cheju I.

Okinawa I.

Shikoku

Kyushu

Honshu KantoPlain

Hokkaido

Korean Peninsula

TaebaekM

ts.

Mt. Fuji12,388 ft.(3,776 m)

NORTHKOREA

CH INARU S S I A

SOUTHKOREA

JAPANTokyo

Chongjin

Pusan

Seoul

HiroshimaKobe Yokohama

Sapporo

Nagasaki

Pyongyang

Lambert Conformal Conic projection400

4000

0

mi.

km

N

S

EW

Japan and the Koreas: Physical/Political

Mountain peak

Feet10,000

5,0002,0001,000

0

Meters3,0001,5006003000

Elevations

Applying Map Skills

1. What bodies of water liebetween Japan and theKoreas?

2. What is Japan’s highestpeak? How high is it?

Find NGS online map resources @www.nationalgeographic.com/maps

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http://www.nationalgeographic.com/maps

Japan’s Economy Japan’s industries have benefited from having highly skilled work-

ers. The people of Japan value hard work, cooperation, and education.After high school graduation, many Japanese students go on to a localuniversity.

Industry Japan has few mineral resources, so it must import raw materials, such as iron ore, coal, and oil. However, Japan is anindustrial giant known around the world for the variety and quality ofits manufactured goods. Japan’s modern factories use new technologyand robots to make their products quickly and carefully. These prod-ucts include automobiles and other vehicles. The graph on page 12 inthe Geography Handbook shows you that Japan leads the world inautomobile production. Japan’s factories also produce consumergoods such as electronic equipment, watches, small appliances, andcalculators. Other factories produce industrial goods such as steel,cement, fertilizer, plastics, and fabrics.

SADAKO AND THE THOUSAND PAPER CRANES by Eleanor CoerrThis book tells the true story of a young Japanese girlliving in the aftermath of World War II. Radiation from theatomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima caused Sadako toget leukemia. Sadako turned to the ancient art of origami(folding paper to make objects) for strength and courage.

While Sadako closed her eyes, Chizuko put some pieces of paper andscissors on the bed . . . “I’ve figured out a way for you to get well,” she saidproudly. “Watch!” She cut a piece of gold paper into a large square. In ashort time she had folded it over and over into a beautiful crane. Sadakowas puzzled. “But how can that paper bird make me well?” “Don’t youremember that old story about the crane?” Chizuko asked. “It’s supposedto live for a thousand years. If a sick person folds one thousand papercranes, the gods will grant her wish and make her healthy again.” . . . Withthe golden crane nearby she felt safe and lucky. Why, in a few weeks shewould be able to finish the thousand. Then she would be strong enough to go home.Source: Sadako and the Thousand Paper Cranes by Eleanor Coerr. Copyright 1977. The Putnam Publishing Group.

Analyzing Literature

Sadako died before she finished making the one thousandpaper cranes, but she became a national heroine in Japan.What was it about Sadako that made other Japanese peoplefeel connected to her and proud of her?

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Agriculture Farmland inJapan is very limited. Yetfarmers use fertilizers andmodern machinery to pro-duce high crop yields. Theyalso practice intensivecultivation, which meansthey grow crops on everyavailable piece of land.Crops grow on terraces cutin hillsides and even be-tween buildings and high-ways. In warmer areas,farmers harvest two orthree crops a year. The chiefcrop is rice, a basic part ofthe Japanese diet. Otherimportant crops includesugar beets, potatoes, fruits,and tea. Seafood is an im-portant part of the people’s diet as well. Japan’s fishing fleet is one ofthe world’s largest and provides nearly 15 percent of the world’s fish.

Economic Challenges Japan is one of the world’s leadingexporters. Because of trade restrictions, the country imports few fin-ished goods from other countries, however. This has led to disagree-ments with trading partners who want to export more goods to Japan.

Another challenge facing Japan is preserving the environment.Air pollution from power plants has produced acid rain. Because ofoverfishing, supplies of seafood have dropped. The government haspassed laws to limit the amount of fish that can be caught each year.

What are some products made by Japanese manufacturers?

Japan’s History and Government Japan’s history reaches back many centuries. The Japanese trace

their ancestry to various clans, or groups of related families. Theseclans originally came from the mainland of Asia and lived on the islandsas early as the late A.D. 400s.

The Japanese developed close ties with China on the Asian main-land. Ruled by emperors, Japan modeled its society on the Chineseway of life. The Japanese also borrowed the Chinese system of writingand accepted the Buddhist religion brought by Chinese missionaries.Today most Japanese practice Buddhism along with Shinto, Japan’sown traditional religion.

In the 790s, the power of emperors began to decline. From thelate 1100s to the 1860s, Japan was ruled by shoguns, or militaryleaders, and powerful land-owning warriors known as the samurai.

On Location

Past andPresent

Past and presentcome together inJapan. Here, a priestof the ancient Shintoreligion blesses afamily’s shiny new car.

Place Where was thiscar probably made?Why?

•


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694 CHAPTER 24

Like China, Japan did not want to trade with foreign countries. In1853 the United States government sent a fleet headed byCommodore Matthew Perry to Japan to demand trading privileges. Inresponse to this action and other outside pressures, the Japanesestarted trading with other countries.

In the late 1800s, Japanese leaders began to use Western ideas tomodernize the country, improve education, and set up industries. Bythe early 1900s, Japan was the leading military power in Asia.

In the 1930s, Japan needed more resources for its growing pop-ulation. It took land in China and spread its influence to SoutheastAsia. In 1941 Japanese forces attacked the American naval base at PearlHarbor in Hawaii. This attack caused the United States to enter WorldWar II.After four years of fighting, Japan surrendered when the UnitedStates dropped atomic bombs on the cities of Hiroshima andNagasaki. By that time, many of Japan’s cities lay in ruins and theeconomy had collapsed. With help from the United States, Japanbecame a democracy and quickly rebuilt its ruined economy.

Government Japan’s democracy is in the form of a constitutionalmonarchy. The emperor is the official head of state, but elected offi-cials run the government. Voters elect representatives to the nationallegislature. The political party with the most members chooses aprime minister to lead the government.

Japan has great influence as a world economic power. In addition,it gives large amounts of money to poorer countries. Japan is not a mil-itary power, though.Because of the suffering that World War II caused,the Japanese have chosen to keep Japan’s military small.

The government of Japan has improved health care and educationfor its people. Japan has the lowest infant death rate in the world,and itsliteracy rate is 100 percent. The crime rate in Japan is very low.

What kind of government does Japan have?

Japan’s People and Culture About the size of California, Japan has 127.5 million people—

nearly one-half the population of the United States. Most of Japan’speople belong to the same Japanese ethnic background. Look at the map on page to see where most of Japan’s people live. About80 percent are crowded into urban areas on the coastal plains. Thefour large cities of Tokyo, Yokohama, Nagoya, and Osaka form a megalopolis, or a huge urban area made up of several large cities andcommunities near them.

Japan’s cities have tall office buildings and busy streets. Homes andapartments are small and close to one another. Many city workerscrowd into subway trains to get to work. Men work long hours andarrive home very late. Women often quit their jobs to raise childrenand return to work outside the home when the children are grown.

You still see signs of traditional life, even in the cities. Parks and gardens give people a chance to take a break from the busy day. It is

Hard Hats toSchool?

Okajima Yukiko andSataka Aya walk alongash-covered sidewalks toKurokami Junior HighSchool. Why are theywearing hard hats? Theircity is near Japan’s MountOyama Volcano, which hasjust erupted. Yukiko andAya have grown up facingthe dangers of volcaniceruptions, earthquakes, andtsunamis. At school theirfirst class starts at 8:30A.M., and their last classends at 3:40 P.M. Yukikoand Aya must go to schoolevery second Saturday ofthe month too.

700

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common to see a person dressed in a traditional gar-ment called a kimono walking with another personwearing a T-shirt and jeans.

Only 21 percent of Japan’s people live in ruralareas. In both rural and urban Japan, the family tradi-tionally has been the center of one’s life. Each familymember had to obey certain rules. Grandparents, par-ents, and children all lived in one house. Many familygroups today consist only of parents and children.

Religion Many Japanese practice two religions—Shinto and Buddhism. Shinto began in Japan manycenturies ago. It teaches respect for nature, love ofsimple things, and concern for cleanliness and good manners. Shinto isdifferent from other religions.First, there is no person who founded orstarted the religion. Shinto did not spread to many other areas of theworld, but stayed mostly in Japan. Second, there is no collection ofwritings that make up scripture, such as the Bible or the Quran. Inaddition to Shinto, Buddhism teaches respect for nature and the needto achieve inner peace.

Traditional Arts Japan’s religions have influenced the country’sarts.Many paintings portray the beauty of nature,often with a few sim-ple brush strokes.Some even include verses of poetry.Haiku (HY•koo)is a well-known type of Japanese poetry that is written according to a specific formula. Turn to page to learn more about haiku.

Japanese artists became famous for a style of painting (borrowed fromthe Chinese) known as wood-block printing.It involved carving a pictureinto a block of wood, applying ink to the raised surface of the carvedblock,and printing the picture on paper or some other surface. Japanese

Customs Japanese people greet each other by bowing. The

person who has a lower social status usually bows first,the lowest, and the longest. The lower you bow, themore you honor and respect the other person. The mostcommon bow lasts for one or two seconds. A very lowbow is used for a superior or for a formal occasion, suchas a first meeting, and may be held for about three sec-onds. Bows are also a nonverbal way to say thank you,good-bye, and to apologize. Many times, especiallywhen saying good-bye, both people bow several times.

Looking Closer Which man in this photo is of lowerstatus? How can you tell?

697

h Evening Snow, Mt. Fuji, byToyokuni II is a wood-blockprint from the 1830s.

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AssessmentAssessment11

EconomicSuccesses

Challenge ChallengeChallenge

696

Defining Terms 1. Define tsunami, archipelago, intensive cultiva-

tion, clan, shogun, samurai, constitutionalmonarchy, megalopolis.

Recalling Facts 2. Location Why does Japan experience

earthquakes?

3. History Who were the samurai? 4. Culture How have Japan’s religions influenced

the country’s arts?

Critical Thinking 5. Summarizing Information Why do the

Japanese not want a large military?

6. Synthesizing Information Name threevalues of the Japanese people that enablethem to be such skilled workers.

Graphic Organizer 7. Organizing Information Create a diagram

like this one. List Japan’s economic successes inthe large oval and its economic challenges ineach of the smaller ovals.

Applying Social Studies Skills

8. Analyzing Maps Look at the physical/politicalmap on page . What physical features arelocated near Tokyo, Japan?

691

wood-block prints enjoyed a golden age in the 1800s. They eventuallymade their way to Europe, influencing the French Impressionists.

The Japanese also have a rich heritage of literature and drama.Many scholars believe that the world’s first novel came from Japan.The novel is called The Tale of Genji and was written by a noblewomanabout A.D. 1000. Since the 1600s, Japanese theatergoers have attendedthe historical plays of the Kabuki theater. In Kabuki plays, actors wear-ing brilliantly colored costumes perform on colorful stages.

Many of Japan’s sports have their origins in the past. A popularsport is sumo, an ancient Japanese form of wrestling. In sumo, twoplayers each try to force the other to touch the ground with any partof their body other than their feet.Participants in sumo typically weighat least 300 pounds (136 kg). Two ancient martial arts—judo andkarate—also developed in this area. Today martial arts are practicedboth for self-defense and for exercise.

Modern Pastimes Along with traditional arts, the people of Japanenjoy modern pastimes.Many Japanese are enthusiastic about baseball,a sport borrowed from American culture. There are professional base-ball leagues in Japan, and several Japanese players have become starsin the major leagues of the United States. Despite Japan’s strongemphasis on education, life is not all work for Japanese young people.They enjoy rock music, modern fashions, television, and movies.Japanese cartoons and video games are popular around the world.

What two main religions are practiced in Japan?

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ARTART SCIENCESCIENCE CULTURECULTURE TECHNOLOGYTECHNOLOGY


HaikuHaiku is a type of poetry that first

became popular in Japan during the 1600s.A haiku is a three-line poem, usually aboutnature and human emotions. The traditionalhaiku requires 17 syllables—5 in the firstline, 7 in the second line, and 5 in the thirdline. All of the haiku below, written byfamous Japanese poets, concern the subjectof New Year’s Day.*

For this New Year’s Day,The sight we gaze upon shall be

Mount Fuji.Sôkan

That is good, this too is good,—New Year’s Day

In my old age.Rôyto

New Year’s Day;Whosoever’s face we see,

It is care-free.Shigyoku

New Year’s Day:My hovel,

The same as ever.Issa

New Year’s Day:What luck! What luck!

A pale blue sky!Issa

The dawn of New Year’s Day;Yesterday,

How far off!Ichiku

The first dream of the year;I kept it a secret,

And smiled to myself.Shô-u

*Translation may have affected the number of syllables.Excerpts from Haiku, Volume II. Copyright © 1952 by R.H. Blyth. Reprinted by permission of Hokuseido Press.

h This Japanese wood-block print shows two girls playing a New Year’s game.

1. How does the poet Shigyoku think most peoplereact to New Year’s Day?

2. From his poem, how can you tell that Ichiku seesthe New Year as a new beginning?

3. Making Comparisons Compare the two poemsby Issa. How does his mood change from one tothe other?

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698 CHAPTER 24

22

The Korean Peninsula juts out from northern China, between theSea of Japan (East Sea) and the Yellow Sea.For centuries, this peninsulaheld a unified country. Today the peninsula is divided into twonations—Communist North Korea and non-Communist SouthKorea.

A Divided CountryThe history of human activity on the Korean Peninsula can be

traced back thousands of years. From the 100s B.C. until the early A.D. 300s, neighboring China ruled Korea. When Chinese controlended, separate Korean kingdoms arose throughout the peninsula.

From A.D. 668 to 935, a single kingdom called Silla (SHIH•luh)united much of the peninsula. During this time, Korea made many cul-tural and scientific advances. For example, Silla rulers built one of theworld’s earliest astronomical observatories in the A.D. 600s. Otherdynasties, or ruling families, followed the Silla.

In the 1400s, scholars invented a new way to write the Korean lan-guage. This new system—called hangul (HAHN•GOOL)—used fewer

Guide to Reading

Main Idea

South Korea and NorthKorea share the samepeninsula and history,but they have verydifferent political andeconomic systems.

Terms to Know

• parallel• famine

Reading Strategy

Create a time line likethis one to record fourimportant dates andtheir events in Koreanhistory.

One of Korea’s most sacred places is

the shrine at Sokkuram. Built in

the A.D. 700s, the shrine has

40 statues, including this

11-foot (3.4-m) statue of

the Buddha. The origi-

nal builders created a

complex system of

stone passages that

let air circulate in

the shrine. Today air

conditioning keeps the

statues in good

condition.

698-702 U8 CH24 S2 TWIP-860976 3/18/04 5:59 AM Page 698

than 30 symbols. This is far fewer than the thousands of charactersneeded to write Chinese.This means the Korean system is much easierto learn. One of the great achievements of early Koreans was pottery.Korean potters still make bowls and dishes that are admired worldwide.

The Korean Peninsula was a stepping stone between Japan andmainland Asia. Trade and ideas went back and forth. In 1910 theJapanese conquered Korea and made it part of their empire. They gov-erned the peninsula until the end of World War II in 1945.

Division and War Troops from the Communist Soviet Union soontook over the northern half of Korea. American troops occupied thesouthern half.Korea eventually divided along the 38th parallel, or lineof latitude. A Communist state arose in what came to be called NorthKorea. A non-Communist government controlled South Korea.

In 1950 the armies of North Korea attacked South Korea. Theyhoped to unite all of Korea under Communist rule. United Nationscountries, led by the United States, rushed to support South Korea.China’s Communist leaders eventually sent troops across the YaluRiver to help North Korea. The Korean War finally ended in 1953—without a peace treaty or a victory for either side. By the 1960s, twoseparate countries had developed on the Korean Peninsula.

After years of bitterness, the two Koreas developed closer rela-tions in the 1990s. In the year 2000, the leaders of North Korea andSouth Korea held a meeting for the first time since the division.

Why is the Korean Peninsula divided?

South KoreaMuch of South Korea is covered by mountains. Most South Koreans

live in coastal areas where they are affected by monsoons. During thesummer, a monsoon from the south brings hot, humid weather. In the

Korean Border

On Location

••

More than 50 years after the fighting stopped in Korea, troops still patrol the border between North and South Korea (below left). Seoul, South Korea’s modern capital (below right), is less than 25 miles (40 km) from the border.

Location Where wasthe line of divisiondrawn between the two countries?

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winter, a monsoon blows infrom the north, bringing cold,dry weather.

South Korea is one of eastAsia’s economic powers,despite an economic crisis inthe 1990s.Manufacturing andtrade dominate South Korea’seconomy. The country is aleading exporter of ships,cars, textiles, computers, andelectronic appliances.

South Korean farmers owntheir land, although most oftheir farms are very small.The major crops are rice, bar-ley,onions,potatoes,cabbage,apples,and tangerines.Rice isthe country’s basic food item.One of the most popularKorean dishes is kimchi, ahighly spiced blend of vegeta-bles mixed with chili, garlic,and ginger.Many farmers alsoraise livestock, especiallychickens. Some add to theirincome by fishing.

South Korea’s People The people of the two Koreas belongto the same Korean ethnic group. South Korea has nearly 48 mil-lion people. About 80 percent live in cities and towns in thecoastal plains. South Korea’s capital, Seoul, is the largest city.

Most city dwellers live in tall apartment buildings. Many own cars, but they also use buses, subways, and trains to travel toand from work. In rural areas,people live in small,one-story homesmade of brick or concrete blocks. A large number of SouthKoreans have emigrated to the United States since the end of theKorean War.

Buddhism, Confucianism, and Christianity are South Korea’smajor religions. The Koreans have developed their own culture,but Chinese religion and culture influenced the traditional arts ofKorea. In Seoul, ancient palaces are modeled after the ImperialPalace in Beijing,China.Historic Buddhist temples dot the hills andvalleys of the countryside.

Like Japan, Korea has a tradition of martial arts. Have you heardof tae kwon do? This martial art originated in Korea. Those whostudy it learn mental discipline as well as self-defense.

What are the major religions in South Korea?

C H I N A

R yu k

y uI s

l an

ds

Korea

Stra

it

P A C I F I CO C E A N

Sea ofJapan

(East Sea)

EastChina

Sea

YellowSea

Tokyo

Sapporo

SeoulPyongyang

Chong jin

Ulsan

Kobe

Naha

Nagoya Yokohama

Chiba

Sendai

Akita

Pusan

Inchon

TaejonTaegu

Kwangju

Kagoshima

Hiroshima

Kyoto

Niigata

Osaka

Nampo

NORTHKOREA

SOUTHKOREA

JAPAN

140°E130°E120°E

40°N

30°N

150°E

N

S

EW

Lambert Conformal Conic projection

400

4000

0

mi.

km

700 CHAPTER 24

Japan and the Koreas: Population Density

Applying Map Skills

CitiesCity with more than5,000,000 people

City with 1,000,000 to5,000,000 people

City with 500,000 to1,000,000 people

Sq. KmSq. Mi.Persons per

Uninhabited

Under 1

1–25

25–50

50–100

Over 100

Uninhabited

Under 2

2–60

60–125

125–250

Over 2501. What is the population

density of most of Japan?

2. Where are the denselypopulated areas of theKoreas?

Find NGS online map resources @www.nationalgeographic.com/maps

698-702 U8 CH24 S2 TWIP-860976 3/18/04 6:00 AM Page 700

http://www.nationalgeographic.com/maps

North KoreaSeparated from China by the Yalu River, North Korea is slightly

larger than South Korea.Like South Korea,monsoons affect the climatehere, but the central mountains block some of the winter monsoon.

The North Korean government owns and runs factories and farms.It spends much money on the military.Unlike prosperous South Korea,North Korea is economically poor. Coal and iron ore are plentiful, butindustries suffer from old equipment and power outages.

Most of North Korea is hills and mountains separated by deep, nar-row valleys. Although there is little land to farm, more than 30 percentof North Koreans are farmers. They work on large, government-runfarms. These farms do not grow enough food to feed the country. Alack of fertilizer recently produced famines, or severe food shortages.North Korea relies heavily on international food aid.

North Korea’s People North Korea has about 22.7 million people.About 60 percent live in urban areas along the coasts and river valleys.Pyongyang is the capital and largest city. Largely rebuilt since theKorean War, Pyongyang has many modern buildings and monumentsto Communist leaders. Most of these monuments honor Kim Il Sung,who became North Korea’s first ruler in the late 1940s. After Kim’sdeath in 1994, his son Kim Jong Il became the ruler.

The government places the needs of the communist system overthe needs of citizens. In 2002 North Korea stated it would makenuclear weapons. This has increased tensions with the United Statesand other countries who want North Korea to end their nuclearweapons program. Talks in 2003 failed to resolve the issue.

Who controls the economy of North Korea?

AssessmentAssessment22

SouthKorea

NorthKorea


Web Activity VisitThe World and ItsPeople Web site attwip.glencoe.com and click onStudent WebActivities to learnmore about SouthKorea.

Defining Terms1. Define parallel, famine.

Recalling Facts2. Location Where is the Korean Peninsula? 3. History Who were the Silla?4. Economics What products are made in South

Korea?

Critical Thinking5. Making Comparisons How does the

standard of living in South Korea differfrom that in North Korea?

6. Summarizing Information What coun-try has had the greatest influence on theculture and arts of South Korea? Explain.

Graphic Organizer7. Organizing Information Create a diagram

like this one. Write facts about each country’seconomy, government, and natural resources inthe outer ovals. Where the ovals overlap, writefacts that are common to both countries.

Applying Social Studies Skills

8. Analyzing Maps Turn to the population den-sity map on page . What is the most popu-lous city on the Korean Peninsula? In whichcountry is it located?

Chapter 24—

700

698-702 U8 CH24 S2 TWIP-860976 3/18/04 6:00 AM Page 701


Making Comparisons

When you make comparisons, you deter-mine similarities and differences among ideas,objects, or events. By comparing maps andgraphs, you can learn more about a region.

Learning the SkillFollow these steps to make comparisons:

• Identify or decide what will be compared.• Determine a common area or areas in

which comparisons can be drawn.• Look for similarities and differences

within these areas.

Practicing the SkillUse the map and graph below to

make comparisons and answer these questions:

Applying the Skill

Practice key skills with GlencoeSkillbuilder Interactive Workbook, Level 1.

90°E 100°E 110°E 120°E 130°E 140°E 150°E

40°N

30°N

10°N

0°

20°N

TROPIC O

F CANCE

R

EQUATOR

Beijing

Tokyo

Seoul

Taipei

Hong Kong

KualaLumpur

C H I N A

M A L A Y S I A

SINGAPORE

TAIWAN

SOUTHKOREA

JAPAN

South

China

Sea

PhilippineSea

CelebesSea

PACIFICOCEAN

Sea ofJapan

(East Sea)

Two-Point Equidistant projection800

8000

0

mi.

km

N

S

EW

National boundary

Major cityNational capital

Asia’s Pacific Rim

Japan

SouthKorea

China

Taiwan

Hong Kong(China)

Malaysia

Singapore

0 50 100 150 200 250 300

Pa

cif

ic R

im c

ou

ntr

ies

Billions of dollars

= Exports

= Imports

Source: The World Almanac, 2003.

Asia’s Pacific Rim: Exports/Imports

1. What is the title of the map? The graph?2. How are the map and graph related?3. Which country has the most exports and

imports?4. Does a country’s size have any effect on

the amount it exports? Explain.5. What generalizations can you make

about this map and graph?

Survey your classmates about an issue inthe news. Summarize the opinions and writea paragraph comparing the different opinions.

698-702 U8 CH24 S2 TWIP-860976 3/18/04 6:01 AM Page 702

Chapter

2424 Reading ReviewReading Review

Terms to Knowtsunamiarchipelagointensive

cultivationclanshogunsamuraiconstitutional

monarchymegalopolis

Main IdeaAlthough Japan’s people have few mineral resources, they have built a prosperous country.✓Location Japan is an archipelago along the Ring of Fire in the western Pacific

Ocean. Volcanoes, earthquakes, and tsunamis may strike these islands.✓Economics Japan is mountainous, but with intensive cultivation its limited

farmland is very productive.✓Economics Japan has few resources. Through trade, the use of advanced tech-

nology, and highly skilled workers, Japan has built a strong industrial economy.✓History The Japanese people have been strongly influenced by China and

also by Western countries.✓Culture Most people in Japan live in crowded cities.✓Culture Japanese religion has encouraged a love of nature and simplicity.

Section 1 Japan—Past and PresentSection 1

The Two KoreasTerms to Knowparallelfamine

Main IdeaSouth Korea and North Korea share the same peninsula and history, but they have very different political and economic systems.✓Culture The Korean Peninsula

lies just south of northern China, andChina has had a strong influence onKorean life and culture.

✓Government After World War II, thepeninsula became divided into twocountries—Communist North Koreaand non-Communist South Korea.

✓Economics South Korea has a strongindustrial economy.

✓Culture Most South Koreans live incities, enjoying a mix of modern andtraditional life.

✓Government North Korea’sCommunist government does notallow its people many freedoms and spends a great deal of money on the military. North Korea is eco-nomically poor.

Section 2Section 2

Because of its beautiful forest-coveredmountains, Korea was once known as

the “Land of the Morning Calm.”


#

703-705 U8 CH24 RR TWIP-860976 3/18/04 6:02 AM Page 703

Chapter

2424Assessment

and ActivitiesAssessment

and Activities

1. Mount Fuji 6. Honshu

2. Sea of Japan (East Sea) 7. Yalu River

3. North Korea 8. Seoul

4. South Korea 9. Pyongyang

5. Tokyo 10. Hokkaido

Japan and the Koreas

B

A

D

F

I

G

C

H

EJ

Lambert Conformal Conic projection400

4000 mi.

0 km

N

S

EW

704

1. samurai2. tsunami 3. intensive

cultivation

4. shogun 5. archipelago

6. parallel 7. constitutional

monarchy

8. clan9. famine

10. megalopolis

Place Location ActivityOn a separate sheet of paper, match the letterson the map with the numbered places listedbelow.

Using Key Terms Match the terms in Part A with theirdefinitions in Part B.

A.

B.a. group of related familiesb. military leader in early Japanc. chain of islandsd. emperor is the official head of state, but

elected officials run the government

e. powerful land-owning warriors in Japanf. huge wave caused by an undersea earthquakeg. severe food shortageh. huge urban area made up of several large

cities

i. line of latitudej. growing crops on every available piece of

land

Reviewing the Main Ideas Section 1 Japan—Past and Present 11. Human/Environment Interaction How

do Japan’s farmers achieve high cropyields?

12. Economics What consumer goods andindustrial goods are made in Japan?

13. History How did Japan change in the late1800s?

14. Location What four cities make upJapan’s megalopolis?

15. Culture Name three of Japan’s traditionalarts.

Section 2 The Two Koreas 16. Location What large Asian nation lies

north of the Korean Peninsula? 17. History Why did Korea become divided

in 1945? 18. Movement How do summer and winter

monsoons differ in Korea? 19. Economics What are the main economic

activities in South Korea? 20. Human/Environment Interaction Why

has North Korea suffered from famine inrecent years?


1. In what century did shoguns gain politi-cal power in Japan? A tenth century B eleventh century C twelfth century D thirteenth century

2. In what century did the Mongol warriorKublai Khan try to invade Japan? F tenth century G eleventh century H twelfth century J thirteenth century

705

Topic Japan South Korea North Korea

Land

Economy

History

People

Test-Taking Tip: Century names are acommon source of error. Remember, inWestern societies, a baby’s first year beginsat birth and ends at age one. Therefore, ifyou are now 14 years old, you are in yourfifteenth year. Using the same type ofthinking, what century began in 1201?

Standardized Test Practice


Self-Check Quiz Visit The World and ItsPeople Web site at twip.glencoe.com andclick on —Self-Check Quizzesto prepare for the Chapter Test.

H

Critical Thinking 21. Drawing Conclusions Why might North

Korea find it difficult to change from a com-munist system to a noncommunist system?Keep in mind the country’s location.

22. Organizing Information Create a chart likethis one. In each column, write two mainideas about Japan, South Korea, and NorthKorea as they relate to the topics in the firstcolumn.

Comparing Regions Activity23. Geography Compare the geography of the

Korean Peninsula with the geography of Baja California. What are the similaritiesand/or differences? Write a paragraphdescribing them.

Mental Mapping Activity 24. Focusing on the Region Create a map of

Japan and the Koreas, and add these labels:

• Honshu • Pacific Ocean• North Korea • Tokyo• Korean Peninsula • Seoul• Yalu River • Hiroshima

Technology Skills Activity25. Using the Internet Use the Internet to

research traditional Japanese culture. Youmight look at Japanese gardens, Buddhism,literature, or painting. Create a bulletinboard display with pictures and write cap-tions that explain what the images show.

Directions: Read the paragraph below, andthen answer the questions that follow.

In A.D. 1185 Japan’s emperor gave politi-cal and military power to a shogun, or gen-eral. The shogun system proved to be quitestrong. Even though the Mongol warriorKublai Khan tried twice to invade Japan, hedid not succeed. On the first invasion in1274, Japanese warriors and the threat of astorm forced the Mongols to leave. On thesecond invasion in 1281, about 150,000Mongol warriors came by ship, but atyphoon arose and destroyed the fleet. TheJapanese thought of the storm as thekamikaze, or “divine wind.” They believedthat their islands were indeed sacred.

Chapter 24



The World and Its People - Kentucky EditionKentucky Core Content for Social Studies AssessmentTable of ContentsCore Content for Social Studies Assessment, Grade 6Correlation to the Core Content for Social Studies AssessmentPreparing for Standardized TestsStandardized Test PracticeFocus on KentuckyDepth of Knowledge Levels

Table of ContentsPreviewing Your TextbookScavenger HuntReading Skills HandbookIdentifying Words and Building VocabularyReading for a ReasonUnderstanding What You ReadThinking About Your ReadingUnderstanding Text Structure

National Geographic Reference AtlasThe World: PoliticalNorth America: PoliticalNorth America: PhysicalUnited States: PoliticalUnited States: PhysicalCanada: Physical/PoliticalMiddle America: Physical/PoliticalSouth America: PoliticalSouth America: PhysicalEurope: PoliticalEurope: PhysicalAfrica: PoliticalAfrica: PhysicalAsia: PoliticalAsia: PhysicalMiddle East: Physical/PoliticalPacific Rim: Physical/PoliticalArctic Ocean: PhysicalAntarctica: Physical

National Geographic Geography HandbookHow Do I Study Geography?How Do I Use Maps and Globes?Understanding Latitude and LongitudeFrom Globes to MapsCommon Map ProjectionsParts of MapsTypes of MapsUsing Graphs, Charts, and DiagramsGeographic Dictionary

Be an Active ReaderUnit 1: The WorldChapter 1: Looking at the EarthSection 1: Thinking Like a GeographerSection 2: The Earth in SpaceSection 3: Forces Shaping the EarthSection 4: Landforms and WaterwaysChapter 1 Reading ReviewChapter 1 Assessment and Activities

Chapter 2: Water, Climate, and VegetationSection 1: The Water PlanetSection 2: ClimateSection 3: Climate Zones and VegetationSection 4: An Environmental BalanceChapter 2 Reading ReviewChapter 2 Assessment and Activities

Chapter 3: The World's PeopleSection 1: Understanding CultureSection 2: Population PatternsSection 3: Resources and World TradeSection 4: Technology “Shrinks” the WorldChapter 3 Reading ReviewChapter 3 Assessment and Activities

Unit 2: The United States and CanadaNational Geographic Regional AtlasChapter 4: The United StatesSection 1: From Sea to Shining SeaSection 2: An Economic LeaderSection 3: The AmericansChapter 4 Reading ReviewChapter 4 Assessment and Activities

Chapter 5: CanadaSection 1: A Resource-Rich CountrySection 2: The CanadiansChapter 5 Reading ReviewChapter 5 Assessment and Activities

Unit 3: Latin AmericaNational Geographic Regional AtlasChapter 6: MexicoSection 1: Mexico’s Land and EconomySection 2: Mexico’s HistorySection 3: Mexico TodayChapter 6 Reading ReviewChapter 6 Assessment and Activities

Chapter 7: Central America and the Caribbean IslandsSection 1: Central AmericaSection 2: Cultures of the CaribbeanChapter 7 Reading ReviewChapter 7 Assessment and Activities

Chapter 8: Brazil and Its NeighborsSection 1: Brazil—Emerging GiantSection 2: Argentina to VenezuelaChapter 8 Reading ReviewChapter 8 Assessment and Activities

Chapter 9: The Andean CountriesSection 1: Colombia’s Cultures and ChallengesSection 2: Land and People of Peru and EcuadorSection 3: The Bolivians and ChileansChapter 9 Reading ReviewChapter 9 Assessment and Activities

Unit 4: EuropeNational Geographic Regional AtlasChapter 10: Europe—Early HistorySection 1: Classical Greece and RomeSection 2: Medieval EuropeSection 3: From Renaissance to RevolutionChapter 10 Reading ReviewChapter 10 Assessment and Activities

Chapter 11: Europe—Modern HistorySection 1: The Modern Era EmergesSection 2: A Divided ContinentSection 3: Moving Toward UnityChapter 11 Reading ReviewChapter 11 Assessment and Activities

Chapter 12: Western Europe TodaySection 1: The British IslesSection 2: France and the Benelux CountriesSection 3: Germany and the Alpine CountriesSection 4: The Nordic NationsSection 5: Southern EuropeChapter 12 Reading ReviewChapter 12 Assessment and Activities

Chapter 13: The New Eastern EuropeSection 1: Poland and the Baltic RepublicsSection 2: Hungarians, Czechs, and SlovaksSection 3: Rebuilding the Balkan CountriesSection 4: Ukraine, Belarus, and MoldovaChapter 13 Reading ReviewChapter 13 Assessment and Activities

Unit 5: Russia and the Eurasian RepublicsNational Geographic Regional AtlasChapter 14: Russia’s Landscape and HistorySection 1: A Vast LandSection 2: A Troubled HistoryChapter 14 Reading ReviewChapter 14 Assessment and Activities

Chapter 15: The New Russia and Independent RepublicsSection 1: From Communism to Free EnterpriseSection 2: Russia’s People and CultureSection 3: The Republics EmergeChapter 15 Reading ReviewChapter 15 Assessment and Activities

Unit 6: North Africa and Southwest AsiaNational Geographic Regional AtlasChapter 16: Birthplace of CivilizationSection 1: Mesopotamia and Ancient EgyptSection 2: Three World ReligionsChapter 16 Reading ReviewChapter 16 Assessment and Activities

Chapter 17: North Africa TodaySection 1: EgyptSection 2: Libya and the MaghrebChapter 17 Reading ReviewChapter 17 Assessment and Activities

Chapter 18: Southwest AsiaSection 1: Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, JordanSection 2: Israel and the Palestinian TerritoriesSection 3: The Arabian PeninsulaSection 4: Iraq, Iran, and AfghanistanChapter 18 Reading ReviewChapter 18 Assessment and Activities

Unit 7: Africa South of the SaharaNational Geographic Regional AtlasChapter 19: West AfricaSection 1: Nigeria—African GiantSection 2: The Sahel and Coastal West AfricaChapter 19 Reading ReviewChapter 19 Assessment and Activities

Chapter 20: Central and East AfricaSection 1: Central AfricaSection 2: People of Kenya and TanzaniaSection 3: Uganda, Rwanda, and BurundiSection 4: The Horn of AfricaChapter 20 Reading ReviewChapter 20 Assessment and Activities

Chapter 21: Southern Africa—A Varied RegionSection 1: The New South AfricaSection 2: Zambia, Malawi, Zimbabwe, BotswanaSection 3: Coastal and Island CountriesChapter 21 Reading ReviewChapter 21 Assessment and Activities

Unit 8: AsiaNational Geographic Regional AtlasChapter 22: South AsiaSection 1: India—Past and PresentSection 2: Pakistan and BangladeshSection 3: Mountain Kingdoms, Island RepublicsChapter 22 Reading ReviewChapter 22 Assessment and Activities

Chapter 23: China and Its NeighborsSection 1: China’s Land and New EconomySection 2: Dynasties to CommunismSection 3: China’s NeighborsChapter 23 Reading ReviewChapter 23 Assessment and Activities

Chapter 24: Japan and the KoreasSection 1: Japan—Past and PresentSection 2: The Two KoreasChapter 24 Reading ReviewChapter 24 Assessment and Activities

Chapter 25: Southeast AsiaSection 1: Life on the MainlandSection 2: Diverse Island CulturesChapter 25 Reading ReviewChapter 25 Assessment and Activities

Unit 9: Australia, Oceania, and AntarcticaNational Geographic Regional AtlasChapter 26: Australia and New ZealandSection 1: Australia—Land Down UnderSection 2: New ZealandChapter 26 Reading ReviewChapter 26 Assessment and Activities

Chapter 27: Oceania and AntarcticaSection 1: Pacific Island Cultures and EconomiesSection 2: The Frozen ContinentChapter 27 Reading ReviewChapter 27 Assessment and Activities

AppendixWhat Is an Appendix?Nations of the World Data BankStandardized Test Skills HandbookHonoring AmericaGazetteerGlossarySpanish GlossaryIndexAcknowledgements

FeaturesNational Geographic Eye on the EnvironmentNational Geographic Geography & HistorySkillsSocial Studies SkillsCritical Thinking SkillsTechnology SkillsStudy and Writing Skills

Making ConnectionsArtScienceCultureTechnology

Exploring CultureExploring GovernmentTeen SceneBelieve It or Not!Primary SourceLiteratureBuilding CitizenshipExploring EconomicsTime Reports: Focus on World IssuesMapsCharts and Graphs

Student WorkbooksActive Reading Note-Taking Guide - Student EditionChapter 1: Looking at the EarthSection 1: Thinking Like a GeographerSection 2: The Earth in SpaceSection 3: Forces Shaping the EarthSection 4: Landforms and Waterways

Chapter 2: Water, Climate, and VegetationSection 1: The Water PlanetSection 2: ClimateSection 3: Climate Zones and VegetationSection 4: An Environmental Balance

Chapter 3: The World's PeopleSection 1: Understanding CultureSection 2: Population PatternsSection 3: Resources and World TradeSection 4: Technology “Shrinks” the World

Chapter 4: The United StatesSection 1: From Sea to Shining SeaSection 2: An Economic LeaderSection 3: The Americans

Chapter 5: CanadaSection 1: A Resource-Rich CountrySection 2: The Canadians

Chapter 6: MexicoSection 1: Mexico’s Land and EconomySection 2: Mexico’s HistorySection 3: Mexico Today

Chapter 7: Central America and the Caribbean IslandsSection 1: Central AmericaSection 2: Cultures of the Caribbean

Chapter 8: Brazil and Its NeighborsSection 1: Brazil—Emerging GiantSection 2: Argentina to Venezuela

Chapter 9: The Andean CountriesSection 1: Colombia’s Cultures and ChallengesSection 2: Land and People of Peru and EcuadorSection 3: The Bolivians and Chileans

Chapter 10: Europe—Early HistorySection 1: Classical Greece and RomeSection 2: Medieval EuropeSection 3: From Renaissance to Revolution

Chapter 11: Europe—Modern HistorySection 1: The Modern Era EmergesSection 2: A Divided ContinentSection 3: Moving Toward Unity

Chapter 12: Western Europe TodaySection 1: The British IslesSection 2: France and the Benelux CountriesSection 3: Germany and the Alpine CountriesSection 4: The Nordic NationsSection 5: Southern Europe

Chapter 13: The New Eastern EuropeSection 1: Poland and the Baltic RepublicsSection 2: Hungarians, Czechs, and SlovaksSection 3: Rebuilding the Balkan CountriesSection 4: Ukraine, Belarus, and Moldova

Chapter 14: Russia’s Landscape and HistorySection 1: A Vast LandSection 2: A Troubled History

Chapter 15: The New Russia and Independent RepublicsSection 1: From Communism to Free EnterpriseSection 2: Russia’s People and CultureSection 3: The Republics Emerge

Chapter 16: Birthplace of CivilizationSection 1: Mesopotamia and Ancient EgyptSection 2: Three World Religions

Chapter 17: North Africa TodaySection 1: EgyptSection 2: Libya and the Maghreb

Chapter 18: Southwest AsiaSection 1: Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, JordanSection 2: Israel and the Palestinian TerritoriesSection 3: The Arabian PeninsulaSection 4: Iraq, Iran, and Afghanistan

Chapter 19: West AfricaSection 1: Nigeria—African GiantSection 2: The Sahel and Coastal West Africa

Chapter 20: Central and East AfricaSection 1: Central AfricaSection 2: People of Kenya and TanzaniaSection 3: Uganda, Rwanda, and BurundiSection 4: The Horn of Africa

Chapter 21: Southern Africa—A Varied RegionSection 1: The New South AfricaSection 2: Zambia, Malawi, Zimbabwe, BotswanaSection 3: Coastal and Island Countries

Chapter 22: South AsiaSection 1: India—Past and PresentSection 2: Pakistan and BangladeshSection 3: Mountain Kingdoms, Island Republics

Chapter 23: China and Its NeighborsSection 1: China’s Land and New EconomySection 2: Dynasties to CommunismSection 3: China’s Neighbors

Chapter 24: Japan and the KoreasSection 1: Japan—Past and PresentSection 2: The Two Koreas

Chapter 25: Southeast AsiaSection 1: Life on the MainlandSection 2: Diverse Island Cultures

Chapter 26: Australia and New ZealandSection 1: Australia—Land Down UnderSection 2: New Zealand

Chapter 27: Oceania and AntarcticaSection 1: Pacific Island Cultures and EconomiesSection 2: The Frozen Continent

Activity Workbook - Student EditionChapter 1: Looking at the EarthActivity A: Recognizing Our Solar SystemActivity B: Identifying Landforms

Chapter 2: Water, Climate, and VegetationActivity A: Understanding the Water CycleActivity B: Charting Climate Characteristics

Chapter 3: The World's PeopleActivity A: Recognizing the Culture RegionsActivity B: Identifying Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources

Chapter 4: The United StatesActivity A: Identifying Major Landforms in the United StatesActivity B: Recognizing the Features of Your Region

Chapter 5: CanadaActivity: Identifying Characteristics of the Canadian Provinces and Territories

Chapter 6: MexicoActivity A: Identifying Mexico's Altitude ZonesActivity B: Understanding Mexico's Native American Heritage

Chapter 7: Central America and the Caribbean IslandsActivity A: Recognizing Central American CapitalsActivity B: Recognizing the Physical Characteristics of the Caribbean Islands

Chapter 8: Brazil and Its NeighborsActivity A: Identifying Landforms in BrazilActivity B: Identifying the History and Cultures of Caribbean South America

Chapter 9: The Andean CountriesActivity: Recognizing the Mineral Resources of the Andean Countries

Chapter 10: Europe—Early HistoryActivity A: Understanding the History of Early EuropeActivity B: Identifying Important Figures of the Renaissance and Reformation

Chapter 11: Europe—Modern HistoryActivity A: Analyzing Changes in European HistoryActivity B: Understanding the Cold War

Chapter 12: Western Europe TodayActivity A: Charting the Economies of Western EuropeActivity B: Identifying the Geographic Characteristics of Western EuropeActivity C: Identifying the Populations of Countries in Northern EuropeActivity D: Recognizing the Physical Characteristics of Southern Europe

Chapter 13: The New Eastern EuropeActivity A: Locating Eastern European Countries and Their Capital CitiesActivity B: Identifying Characteristics of Eastern Europe

Chapter 14: Russia’s Landscape and HistoryActivity A: Identifying Major Geographic Features of RussiaActivity B: Appreciating the History of Russia

Chapter 15: The New Russia and Independent RepublicsActivity A: Identifying Russia's Economic RegionsActivity B: Recognizing the Capitals of the Caucasus and Central Asia

Chapter 16: Birthplace of CivilizationActivity A: Recognizing Early CivilizationsActivity B: Identifying Religions of Southwest Asia

Chapter 17: North Africa TodayActivity A: Interpreting an Economic Activity Map of North AfricaActivity B: Creating and Interpreting a Pictograph

Chapter 18: Southwest AsiaActivity A: Interpreting a Physical MapActivity B: The Cities and People of Southwest Asia

Chapter 19: West AfricaActivity: Recognizing the Countries of West Africa

Chapter 20: Central and East AfricaActivity A: Recognizing the Physical Characteristics of Central AfricaActivity B: Recognizing the History of East Africa

Chapter 21: Southern Africa—A Varied RegionActivity: Recognizing the Resources in Southern Africa

Chapter 22: South AsiaActivity A: Recognizing the Physical Features of South AsiaActivity B: Recognizing the Cultural Features of South Asia

Chapter 23: China and Its NeighborsActivity A: Identifying the Landforms of ChinaActivity B: Recognizing China's People and CultureActivity C: Identifying China's Neighbors and New Territories

Chapter 24: Japan and the KoreasActivity A: Understanding Japan's HistoryActivity B: Recognizing the Location of Korea

Chapter 25: Southeast AsiaActivity A: Recognizing the Varied Features of Southeast Asian CountriesActivity B: Locating the Capital of Southeast Asia

Chapter 26: Australia and New ZealandActivity: Understanding the Unique Characteristics of Australia and New Zealand

Chapter 27: Oceania and AntarcticaActivity A: Identifying the Geographic and Economic Characteristics of OceaniaActivity B: Recognizing the Unique Characteristics of Antarctica

Haitian Creole SummariesChapit 1: Le n'ap gade Latè aChapit 2: Dlo, Klima ak VejetasyonChapit 3: Pèp Monn nanChapit 4: LèzetaziniChapit 5: KanadaChapit 6: MeksikChapit 7: Amerik Santral ak Zil Karayib yoChapit 8: Brezil ak Vwazen Li yoChapit 9: Peyi Zann yoChapit 10: Ewòp - Istwa AnsyenChapit 11: Ewòp - Istwa ModènChapit 12: Ewòp De Lwès Jodi aChapit 13: Nouvo Ewòp de Lès laChapit 14: Peyizaj ak Istwa LarisiChapit 15: Nouvo Risi an ak Repiblik Endepandan yoChapit 16: Bèso Sivilizasyon anChapit 17: Afrik Dinè Jodi aChapit 18: Azi Di SidwèsChapit 19: Afrik De LwèsChapit 20: Afrik Sentral ak Afrik De LèsChapit 21: Sid Afrik la -Yon Rejyon VaryeChapit 22: Lazi DisidChapit 23: Lachin ak Vwazen Li yoChapit 24: Japon ak Kore yoChapit 25: Lazi di SidèsChapit 26: Ostrali ak Nouvèl ZelannChapit 27: Oseyani ak Antatik la

Reading Essentials and Study Guide - Student EditionChapter 1: Looking at the EarthStudy Guide 1: Thinking Like a GeographerStudy Guide 2: The Earth in SpaceStudy Guide 3: Forces Shaping the EarthStudy Guide 4: Landforms and Waterways

Chapter 2: Water, Climate, and VegetationStudy Guide 1: The Water PlanetStudy Guide 2: ClimateStudy Guide 3: Climate Zones and VegetationStudy Guide 4: An Environmental Balance

Chapter 3: The World's PeopleStudy Guide 1: Understanding CultureStudy Guide 2: Population PatternsStudy Guide 3: Resources and World TradeStudy Guide 4: Technology “Shrinks” the World

Chapter 4: The United StatesStudy Guide 1: From Sea to Shining SeaStudy Guide 2: An Economic LeaderStudy Guide 3: The Americans

Chapter 5: CanadaStudy Guide 1: A Resource-Rich CountryStudy Guide 2: The Canadians

Chapter 6: MexicoStudy Guide 1: Mexico’s Land and EconomyStudy Guide 2: Mexico’s HistoryStudy Guide 3: Mexico Today

Chapter 7: Central America and the Caribbean IslandsStudy Guide 1: Central AmericaStudy Guide 2: Cultures of the Caribbean

Chapter 8: Brazil and Its NeighborsStudy Guide 1: Brazil—Emerging GiantStudy Guide 2: Argentina to Venezuela

Chapter 9: The Andean CountriesStudy Guide 1: Colombia’s Cultures and ChallengesStudy Guide 2: Land and People of Peru and EcuadorStudy Guide 3: The Bolivians and Chileans

Chapter 10: Europe—Early HistoryStudy Guide 1: Classical Greece and RomeStudy Guide 2: Medieval EuropeStudy Guide 3: From Renaissance to Revolution

Chapter 11: Europe—Modern HistoryStudy Guide 1: The Modern Era EmergesStudy Guide 2: A Divided ContinentStudy Guide 3: Moving Toward Unity

Chapter 12: Western Europe TodayStudy Guide 1: The British IslesStudy Guide 2: France and the Benelux CountriesStudy Guide 3: Germany and the Alpine CountriesStudy Guide 4: The Nordic NationsStudy Guide 5: Southern Europe

Chapter 13: The New Eastern EuropeStudy Guide 1: Poland and the Baltic RepublicsStudy Guide 2: Hungarians, Czechs, and SlovaksStudy Guide 3: Rebuilding the Balkan CountriesStudy Guide 4: Ukraine, Belarus, and Moldova

Chapter 14: Russia’s Landscape and HistoryStudy Guide 1: A Vast LandStudy Guide 2: A Troubled History

Chapter 15: The New Russia and Independent RepublicsStudy Guide 1: From Communism to Free EnterpriseStudy Guide 2: Russia’s People and CultureStudy Guide 3: The Republics Emerge

Chapter 16: Birthplace of CivilizationStudy Guide 1: Mesopotamia and Ancient EgyptStudy Guide 2: Three World Religions

Chapter 17: North Africa TodayStudy Guide 1: EgyptStudy Guide 2: Libya and the Maghreb

Chapter 18: Southwest AsiaStudy Guide 1: Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, JordanStudy Guide 2: Israel and the Palestinian TerritoriesStudy Guide 3: The Arabian PeninsulaStudy Guide 4: Iraq, Iran, and Afghanistan

Chapter 19: West AfricaStudy Guide 1: Nigeria—African GiantStudy Guide 2: The Sahel and Coastal West Africa

Chapter 20: Central and East AfricaStudy Guide 1: Central AfricaStudy Guide 2: People of Kenya and TanzaniaStudy Guide 3: Uganda, Rwanda, and BurundiStudy Guide 4: The Horn of Africa

Chapter 21: Southern Africa—A Varied RegionStudy Guide 1: The New South AfricaStudy Guide 2: Zambia, Malawi, Zimbabwe, BotswanaStudy Guide 3: Coastal and Island Countries

Chapter 22: South AsiaStudy Guide 1: India—Past and PresentStudy Guide 2: Pakistan and BangladeshStudy Guide 3: Mountain Kingdoms, Island Republics

Chapter 23: China and Its NeighborsStudy Guide 1: China’s Land and New EconomyStudy Guide 2: Dynasties to CommunismStudy Guide 3: China’s Neighbors

Chapter 24: Japan and the KoreasStudy Guide 1: Japan—Past and PresentStudy Guide 2: The Two Koreas

Chapter 25: Southeast AsiaStudy Guide 1: Life on the MainlandStudy Guide 2: Diverse Island Cultures

Chapter 26: Australia and New ZealandStudy Guide 1: Australia—Land Down UnderStudy Guide 2: New Zealand

Chapter 27: Oceania and AntarcticaStudy Guide 1: Pacific Island Cultures and EconomiesStudy Guide 2: The Frozen Continent

Spanish Reading Essentials and Study Guide - Student EditionCapítulo 1: Mirar la TierraGuía de estudio 1: Pensar como un geógrafoGuía de estudio 2: La Tierra en el espacioGuía de estudio 3: Las fuerzas que dan forma a la Tierra Guía de estudio 4: Accidentes geográficos y vías fluviales

Capítulo 2: Agua, clima y vegetaciónGuía de estudio 1: El planeta del aguaGuía de estudio 2: ClimaGuía de estudio 3: Zonas climáticas y la vegetaciónGuía de estudio 4: Un equilibrio ambiental

Capítulo 3: Los pueblos del mundoGuía de estudio 1: Comprender la culturaGuía de estudio 2: Los patrones de poblaciónGuía de estudio 3: Recursos y comercio mundialGuía de estudio 4: La tecnología “encoge”el mundo

Capítulo 4: Estados UnidosGuía de estudio 1: Un territorio extenso y pintorescoGuía de estudio 2: Un líder de la economíaGuía de estudio 3: Los estadounidenses

Capítulo 5: CanadáGuía de estudio 1: Un país rico en recursosGuía de estudio 2: Los habitantes de Canadá

Capítulo 6: MéxicoGuía de estudio 1: Geografía física y economía de MéxicoGuía de estudio 2: Historia de MéxicoGuía de estudio 3: México hoy

Capítulo 7: América Central y las islas del CaribeGuía de estudio 1: América CentralGuía de estudio 2: Las culturas del Caribe

Capítulo 8: Brasil y sus vecinosGuía de estudio 1: Un gigante que emergeGuía de estudio 2: De Argentina a Venezuela

Capítulo 9: Los países AndinosGuía de estudio 1: La cultura y los desafíos de ColombiaGuía de estudio 2: Los territorios y pueblos de Perú y EcuadorGuía de estudio 3: Los bolivianos y los chilenos

Capítulo 10: Europa: historia antiguaGuía de estudio 1: Grecia y Roma clásicasGuía de estudio 2: Europa medievalGuía de estudio 3: Del Renacimiento a la revolución

Capítulo 11: Europa, su historia modernaGuía de estudio 1: Comienzo de la era modernaGuía de estudio 2: Un continente divididoGuía de estudio 3: Hacia la unidad

Capítulo 12: Europa occidental en la actualidadGuía de estudio 1: Las islas británicasGuía de estudio 2: Francia y los países del BeneluxGuía de estudio 3: Alemania y los países alpinosGuía de estudio 4: Los países nórdicosGuía de estudio 5: Sur de Europa

Capítulo 13: La nueva Europa del esteGuía de estudio 1: Polonia y las repúblicas bálticasGuía de estudio 2: Húngaros, checos y eslovacosGuía de estudio 3: La reconstrucción de los países balcánicosGuía de estudio 4: Ucrania, Bielorrusia y Moldavia

Capítulo 14: La geografía y la historia de RusiaGuía de estudio 1: Una vasta tierraGuía de estudio 2: Una historia de conflictos

Capítulo 15: La nueva Rusia y las repúblicas independientesGuía de estudio 1: Del comunismo a la libre empresaGuía de estudio 2: El pueblo y la cultura de RusiaGuía de estudio 3: Las repúblicas emergen

Capítulo 16: Nacimiento de la civilizaciónGuía de estudio 1: Mesopotamia y Egipto antiguoGuía de estudio 2: Tres religiones mundiales

Capítulo 17: África del norte en la actualidadGuía de estudio 1: EgiptoGuía de estudio 2: Libia y el Magreb

Capítulo 18: Sudoeste de asiaGuía de estudio 1: Turquía, Siria, Líbano y JordaniaGuía de estudio 2: Israel y los territorios palestinosGuía de estudio 3: La Península ArábigaGuía de estudio 4: Irak, Irán y Afganistán

Capítulo 19: África OccidentalGuía de estudio 1: Nigeria: El gigante africanoeGuía de estudio 2: El Sahel y la costa de África occidental

Capítulo 20: África central y del esteGuía de estudio 1: África centralGuía de estudio 2: Los habitantes de Kenia y TanzaniaGuía de estudio 3: Uganda, Ruanda y BurundiGuía de estudio 4: El cuerno de África

Capítulo 21: África meridional: Una región variadaGuía de estudio 1: La nueva SudáfricaGuía de estudio 2: Zambia, Malawi, Zimbabwe y BotswanaGuía de estudio 3: Los países de la costa y de las islas

Capítulo 22: El sur de AsiaGuía de estudio 1: India: Pasado y presenteGuía de estudio 2: Paquistán y BangladeshGuía de estudio 3: Reinos en las montañas y repúblicas en las islas

Capítulo 23: China y países vecinosGuía de estudio 1: El territorio de China y la nueva economíaGuía de estudio 2: De las dinastías al comunismoGuía de estudio 3: Los países vecinos de China

Capítulo 24: Japón y las CoreasGuía de estudio 1: Japón: pasado y presenteGuía de estudio 2: Las dos Coreas

Capítulo 25: El sudeste AsiáticoGuía de estudio 1: La vida en el continenteGuía de estudio 2: La diversidad de las culturas isleñas

Capítulo 26: Australia y Nueva ZelandaGuía de estudio 1: Australia: “La tierra del sur”Guía de estudio 2: Nueva Zelanda

Capítulo 27: Oceanía y la AntártidaGuía de estudio 1: Culturas y economía de las islas del PacíficoGuía de estudio 2: El continente helado

Spanish SummariesCapítulo 1: Observar la TierraCapítulo 2: El agua, el clima y la vegetaciónCapítulo 3: La población mundialCapítulo 4: Los Estados UnidosCapítulo 5: CanadáCapítulo 6: MéxicoCapítulo 7: América Central y las islas del CaribeCapítulo 8: Brasil y sus vecinosCapítulo 9: Los países andinosCapítulo 10: Europa: historia antiguaCapítulo 11: Europa: historia modernaCapítulo 12: Europa occidental hoy en díaCapítulo 13: Europa oriental hoy en díaCapítulo 14: Relieve e historia de RusiaCapítulo 15: La nueva Rusia y las repúblicas independientesCapítulo 16: La Cuna de la civilizationCapítulo 17: África del norteCapítulo 18: El sudoeste asiáticoCapítulo 19: África OccidentalCapítulo 20: África central y orientalCapítulo 21: África del sur: una región variadaCapítulo 22: El sureste asiáticoCapítulo 23: China y sus vecinosCapítulo 24: Japón y las CoreasCapítulo 25: El sudeste asiáticoCapítulo 26: Australia y Nueva ZelandaCapítulo 27: Oceanía y la Antártida

Standardized Test Skills Practice Workbook - Student EditionObjectives Addressed in the ActivitiesWorkbook OverviewPreparing for a Standardized TestActivity: Reading a Map ScaleActivity: Interpreting DiagramsActivity: Making InferencesActivity: Interpreting a Visual ImageActivity: Using a Bar Graph to Interpret DataActivity: Analyzing a Political CartoonActivity: Recognizing a Point of ViewActivity: Analyzing Graphs and TablesActivity: Comparing and ContrastingActivity: Making GeneralizationsActivity: Interpreting EditorialsActivity: Interpreting Charts and TablesActivity: Using Time LinesActivity: Perceiving Cause-and-Effect RelationshipsActivity: Solving a ProblemActivity: Distinguishing Between Fact and OpinionActivity: Identifying and Evaluating SourcesActivity: Making DecisionsActivity: Interpreting GraphsActivity: Identifying the Main IdeaActivity: Recognizing Forms of PropagandaActivity: Persuasive Writing About an IssueActivity: Classifying Facts and DetailsActivity: Forming HypothesesActivity: Drawing ConclusionsActivity: Detecting BiasActivity: Predicting Outcomes

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688-697 U8 CH24 S1 TWIP-860976 3/18/04 5:46 AM Page 688 C ... · This book tells the true story of a young Japanese girl living in the aftermath of World War II. Radiation from the