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UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK
Alan Kachalsky, et al. )
)
Plaintiffs ) Civil Action No. 10-cv-5413
) (Hon. Cathy Seibel)
-against- )
)
Susan Cacace, et al., )
)
Defendants )
______________________________ )
AMICUS MEMORANDUM OF LAW
SUPPORTING THE PLAINTIFFS
David T. Hardy, Esq.*
8987 E. Tanque Verde
PMB 265
Tucson AZ 85749
(520) 749-0241
Joseph E. Olson, Esq.*
Professor of Law
Hamline University School of Law
St. Paul, MN 55113-1235
(651) 523-2142
Lloyd M. Eisenberg (LE 5376)
Eisenberg & Carton
2631 Merrick Road, Suite 201
Bellmore, New York 11710
(516) 221-3700
Attorneys for Amici Academics for the Second Amendment
and LI Second Amendment Preservation Association
*Not admitted to this Court.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Table of Authorities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii
Preliminary Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Interests of the Amici . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
The Sullivan Act in Historical Context . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Enactment and Early History of the Sullivan Act. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
The Uniform Firearm and Uniform Pistol Acts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
The Sullivan Act and Problems with Discretionary Application. . . . . . . . 16
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
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ii
TABLE OF AUTHORITIES
Cases
Andrews v. State, 50 Tenn. (3 Heisk.) 165 (1871) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Aymette v. State, 21 Tenn. (2 Hum.) 154, 159-60 (1840) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Bliss v. Commonwealth, 12 Ky. (2 Litt.) 90 (1822) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Conde v City of New York, 24 AD3d 595, 596 (2nd Dept 2005). . . .. . . . 21
Cuffy v City of New York, 69 NY2d 255, 260 (1987).. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Federation of New York State Rifle and Pistol Clubs v. McGuire,
101 Misc. 2d 104, 420 N.Y.S.2d 602 (1979) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16, 19
Fife v. State, 31 Ark. 455 (1876) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
McDonald v. City of Chicago, 130 S. Ct. 3020 (2009) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
People ex rel. Darling v. Warden of City Prison, 154 App. Div.
413, 422, 139 N.Y.S. 277 (1913) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
State v. Chandler, 5 La. Ann. 489, 52 Am. Dec. 599 (1850) . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
State v. Mitchell, 3 Black. 229 (Ind. 1833) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
State v. Reid, 1 Ala. 612, 619 (1840) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Wilson v. State, 33 Ark. 557 (1878) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Law Review Articles
Note, The Uniform Pistol Act: A New Approach To Firearm Regulation,
54 HARV.L.REV. 123 (1940) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Sam B. Warner, The Uniform Pistol Act, 29 J. OF CRIM.L.&
CRIMINOLOGY 529, 531 n.12 (1938-39). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-16
Books
GEORGE P.LEBRUN,ITS TIME TO TELL (1962) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8, 9
JAY S.ALBANESE,ORGANIZED CRIME IN OUR TIMES (2011) . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
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iii
THE KNAPP COMMISSION REPORT ON POLICE CORRUPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
NEIL HANSON,MONK EASTMAN:THE GANGSTER WHO
BECAME A WAR HERO (2010) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
GEORGE J.LANKEVICH,NEW YORK CITY:ASHORT HISTORY(2002). . . . 10
ALBERT FRIED,THE RISE AND FALL OF THE JEWISH
GANGSTER IN AMERICA (1983) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
MYLES J.KELLEHER,SOCIAL PROBLEMS IN A
FREE SOCIETY (2004). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
DAVID PIETRUSZA, ROTHSTEIN:THE LIFE,TIMES, AND MURDER
OF THE CRIMINAL GENIUS WHO FIXED THE1919WORLD SERIES (2003). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Newspaper Article
Jo Craven McGinty, The Rich, the Famous, the Armed, The New York
Times p. MB1 (February 18, 2011) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
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PRELIMINARY STATEMENT
Amici Academics for the Second Amendment and LI Second
Amendment Preservation Association hereby submit their amicus
memorandum of law, documenting the history of the Sullivan Act. That
1911 enactment is the century-old ancestor of the statutory system here at
issue. While it is not the first American attempt to regulate firearms
possession or carrying, it marks the first attempt at regulating those activities
by subjecting them to the nearly-unbridled discretion of a licensing
authority.
INTERESTS OF THE AMICI
Amicus Academics for the Second Amendment ("A2A"), is a
501(c)(3) tax-exempt organization. Formed in 1992 by law school
teachers, A2A's goal is to secure the right to keep and bear arms as a
meaningful, individual right. A2A has filedamicusbriefs in the United
States Supreme Court in McDonald v. City of Chicago, District of
Columbia v. Heller, United States. v. Lopez and in the Fifth Circuit in
United States. v. Emerson.It has also publisheda series of Open Letters
signed by college and university professors in the New York Times, the
National Review, the New Republic, and other print media.
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