*661-685

- Describe how the life of the people changed in Europe during the 18th

century.

- Analyze primary sources to understand how views of children changed during

the 1500s-1700s in Europe.

Take out your branching diagram..

Quiz

Compare your branching diagrams in your topic groups, prepare to present your information to the class. (3-4 minutes)

FRONT OF ROOM

1. Marriage and the Family.

2. Children and Education.

3. Food and Medical Practice.

4. Religion and Popular Culture.

Marriage and the Family

• Nuclear family• Marriages late 20s

• Children often worked away from home• “Spinsters” commonly worked as domestics in another family’s home.

• Low rate of illegitimate births• Rural areas had tight community controls

• New Patterns emerged• Cottage industry enabled young men and women to become

independent earlier.• Young adults who moved to the city operated outside the scope

of tight community controls, had more freedom.• Rates of illegitimacy rose sharply between 1750-1850.

Children and Education

• Women of lower classes nursed babies, while upper classes hired “wet nurses”

• Infant mortality was high, 50-90%.• Abandonment common

• Foundling Homes• St. Vincent de Paul• Infanticide common

• Parents were emotionally detached• Little interest in

the care of children, led to abuse• Pattern attacked in the 1750s

• Protestants & Catholics encouraged children to read the Bible

• Gov’ts of Prussia, Austria, Scotland, England encouraged primary education• Literacy rose fast between 1600-1800

• Young men of

upper-class went on the “Grand Tour” trip through France to Italy as an education.

Not in book

Food and Medical Practice

• The poor ate healthy diet of grains, beans, peas – short vitamins A & C in winter

• The rich gorged themselves on meat, sweets, liquor suffered from gout, lack of vitamins A&C

• Diets of wealthy caused health problems.• Food grew more varied with new foods from Americas, caloric intake increased.

• Medical practice included healers, pharmacists, physicians, midwives.• Women excluded in field except midwifery -Madame du Courdray

• Medicine, hospitals were ineffective -France- Diderot criticized this• Mental patients suffered cruel treatment

• Experimentation led inoculation against smallpox -Ed. Jenner

*661-685 (Part II)

- Describe how the life of the people changed in Europe during the 18th

century.

- Analyze primary sources to understand how views of children changed during

the 1500s-1700s in Europe.

Take out your branching diagram..

Religion and Popular Culture

• Protestants bureaucratized churches controlled by secular powers

• Catholic rulers increased their control of the church in their domains (Spain)

• “Pietism” sought to revive emotional fervor of Protestant orthodoxy in Germany.• Wesley- Methodism in in England

• Catholic Piety strove to purify religious practices• Catholic authorities compromised with popular “pagan” holidays

• Carnival illustrates the combination of religious celebration and popular recreation

• “Blood Sports” became popular• Division grew between “high culture” and “popular culture”(sin)

“How did adult views of children shape adult practices toward their children during the 16th – 18th Centuries?”

How would you organize an answer to this Question using these primary source documents?

“How did adult views of children shape adult practices toward their children during the 16th – 18th Centuries?”

View of childhood: Child-rearing practice:

16th

Century

17th

Century

18th Century

Socratic Seminar

The Changing Life of the People

18th – Early 19th Century

Socrates believed that humans learn best by asking questions.

What is a Socratic Seminar?

Used to further develop discussions skills and dig deeper into historical content.

A student opens by asking their question to the class which is answered by other students until the discussion is exhausted.

The last student to speak will then ask one of their questions to the group, and so it goes until all questions have been asked.

Be polite, no “cross-talk” and be attentive to the discussion at all times.

Socratic Seminar:• Write 4-5 thoughtful, open-ended questions with answers from the material in Chapter 20 in preparation for our Socratic Seminar.

• Questions should be meditative, specific reflective, contemplative, speculative, deliberative, studious, introspective, philosophical…you get the idea…

1. Read and then re-read the chapter several times!2. Take careful and thorough notes as you read.3. Complete the graphic organizer/reading guide for each chapter.4. Use the syllabus terms and objectives to review material.5. Make note cards over the terms to study.6. Take the online practice tests on my website under the McKay

icon.7. Study an AP Review Book such as a Barron's or Princeton Review.8. Take careful notes during class in addition to the reading

notes/guide.9. Consider a study group.10. Dedicate a certain amount of time (one hour or more) each

evening to study, and read over your notes, text and reading guide. Be

sure you have a silent, quiet place in which to study free of distractions.11. Read over the chapter summary and review questions.12. Review the class/reading notes from that day each night and

begin studying for the test at least 3-4 nights ahead of time.13. Define the terms and objectives on the syllabus on flashcards or

in double column note form to allow for self evaluation14. Ask me to clarify ANYTHING from the reading or from class.15. Come in before or after school if necessary to ask any

questions.

How to study and succeed in AP

The police were certain that the death had been due to accidental, if somewhat bizarre, circumstances…

They had been called to a telephone booth on a report from a passing motorist of an odd situation. The officers discovered a man slumped inside the phone booth, near death, as a result of loss of blood. Two panes of glass on either side of the booth were smashed and the phone hung on its cord.

…You’re the cop, explain it??